Res

ear
chWor
k

Maj
orPl
ateNo.2-NECROPOLI
S

Thec
onc
eptoff
ami
l
yiss
trongi
nFi
l
ipi
noc
ult
ure.Havi
ngc
los
efami
l
yti
esi
soneofouruni
que
t
rai
ts.Thati
swhyf
ormanyFi
l
ipi
nos
,adeat
hofar
elat
ivei
sanoppor
tuni
tyt
ost
rengt
hent
iesi
nthe
f
ami
l
y. Topayr
espec
tandhonort
her
elat
ions
hipt
othedec
eas
ed;l
ongl
ostr
elat
ives
,fr
iendsand
ev
en r
elat
ives wor
king abr
oad ar
ereuni
ted.Des
pit
e oft
he moder
niz
ati
on off
uner
als
,we s
til
l
mai
ntai
ned ourt
radi
ti
onalgr
ievi
ng and memor
ialc
ust
oms
.Thati
swhy a pl
ace wher
e we c
an
r
ememberourl
oved oneswho havepas
sed i
simpor
tant
,es
pec
ial
l
ydur
ing t
hei
rday
swher
ewe
at
temptt
orel
i
evet
hel
i
feandmemor
yoft
hatper
son.Nowonderwhyc
emet
eri
esdi
dnotr
emai
n
bei
ng i
sol
ated pl
ace ofgr
iev
e and pai
n buthas bec
ome ac
tiv
espac
es t
hough s
ereni
ty and
c
ont
empl
ati
onar
est
il
lmai
ntai
ned.

A Nec
ropol
i
sisl
argec
emet
eryorbur
ialpl
ace.
The t
erm was der
ived f
rom Anc
ient Gr
eek: nekr
o
meani
ngdead,andpol
i
smeani
ngc
ity
,thus
,isi
ndeeda
"
cit
yoft
hedead,
"apl
acewher
ethephy
sic
alr
emai
ns
ofnumer
ouspeopl
efr
om as
oci
etyar
epl
acedi
nthei
r
et
ernal"
homes
."The des
ign and at
ti
tudes ofeac
h
s
oci
etyt
owar
dss
uchpl
acesr
eveal
smuc
haboutt
hei
r
bel
i
efsc
onc
erni
ngdeat
handt
heaf
ter
li
fe.Somet
imes
t
hei
ror
igi
nwaspur
elyr
eli
gious
,suc
hasi
nthec
aseof
t
heVal
l
eyoft
heKi
ngsi
nEgypti
nwhi
chmanyPhar
aohs
,whower
econs
ider
edt
obeGodsi
ncar
nat
e,
wer
eent
ombed.Ot
herc
ult
uresc
reat
ednec
ropol
i
sesi
nres
pons
etopr
ohi
bit
ionsonbur
ial
swi
thi
nci
ty
l
i
mit
s.I
nthe Roman Empi
re,r
oadsi
mmedi
atel
y out
side t
ownsc
ame t
o be l
i
ned wi
thf
uner
ary
monument
s.Si
mpl
ecemet
eri
est
ookt
hepl
aceofl
arger
,mor
eel
abor
atenec
ropol
i
sesdur
ingt
heMi
ddl
e
Ages
,buti
ntheni
net
eent
hcent
ury,nec
ropol
i
sesenj
oyedar
evi
vals
pur
redbyt
heVi
ctor
ianf
ashi
onf
or
l
arge,el
abor
atememor
ial
s.

Asf
ort
oday,t
he t
erm nec
ropol
i
swasr
epl
aced by "
Memor
ialPar
k"The c
ommemor
ati
ve
monument
satmemor
ialpar
ksc
ons
istofs
imi
l
arf
latf
lus
hpl
aquesormar
ker
s.Thebur
ialgr
ounds
dev
eloppar
k-l
i
ker
oll
i
ngl
awnswi
thi
nwhi
chl
ands
capef
eat
uresdel
i
neat
ether
owsofpl
otsandt
he
Yumang,
Enr
icCy
rel
lM.

BSAR-
2J
 l
argers
ect
ionsoft
hec
emet
ery.Cent
ralwat
er
f
eat
ures
,st
atuar
y, or gat
her
ing s
pot
s ar
e
i
ncor
por
atedi
ntot
hepr
imar
ydes
ignt
oident
if
y
s
ect
ionsand enhanc
ethebeaut
yoft
hepar
k.
Memor
ialPar
k hasbec
ome a new s
our
cesof
oper
ati
onal i
ncome s
o t
hat t
hey c
an be
mai
ntai
nedt
obemor
econduc
ive,c
ont
empl
ati
ve
pl
acest
ovi
si
t.Memor
ialpar
ks,af
teral
l
,ar
ein
t
he i
ndus
try of memor
ies
,cel
ebr
ati
on, and
t
radi
ti
on.

Ther
ehavebeenmanyi
deasar
oundt
hewor
ldt
hatmakememor
ialpar
ksmor
eappeal
i
ng,
di
spens
ingwi
tht
hei
deaoft
hei
rbei
ngpl
acesofdr
eadandhor
ror
.Theyt
urni
ntopl
acesf
orwal
ki
ng,
j
oggi
ng,bi
ki
ng,pr
ayi
ng,r
eadi
ng,andput
ti
ngupar
t
i
nst
all
ati
ons
.Pi
cni
cgr
ovesandpi
cni
car
easar
eaal
so
madebec
aus
eiti
sal
readypar
tofFi
l
ipi
noc
ult
uret
o
eatatt
hepar
kdur
ingAl
lSoul
s’Day
,andt
ovi
si
tthei
r
depar
ted l
oved ones dur
ing i
mpor
tant f
ami
l
y
gat
her
ings
. Some pl
aces i
nthe Phi
l
ippi
nes have
f
est
ival
-l
ike c
elebr
ati
ons ar
ound t
his t
ime i
n
November
.

Fut
uri
sti
c orModer
n Des
ign has been t
he
c
ommonappr
oac
hindes
igni
ngamemor
ials
pac
e.I
t
i
schar
act
eri
sedbyt
henot
ionofmov
ementandf
low,
wi
ths
har
pedges
,st
rangeangl
es,t
ri
angl
es,domes
,
and s
o on.Fut
uri
sti
deasofdes
ign and f
orm ar
e
t
houghtt
obel
i
mit
les
sins
copeands
cal
e.Thati
swhy
t
hisappr
oac
hcaneas
il
ypor
trayi
mpac
tfulmeani
ngs
and emot
ions
.Thi
sappr
oac
hthatt
akess
truc
tur
al
el
ement
s f
rom t
he envi
ronment emphas
izes an
i
mpr
ess
ions
ust
aini
ngt
hec
ont
inui
tyoft
hes
truc
tur
eswi
thi
tsdynami
cfor
ms.Adopt
ingt
echnol
ogi
cal
Yumang,
Enr
icCy
rel
lM.

BSAR-
2J
devel
opment
saes
thet
ical
l
y,t
hismovementus
esgl
assel
evat
ors
,met
alc
omponent
sandmec
hani
cal
el
ement
s.

Gener
alPr
ovi
si
onsi
nDes
igni
ngaNec
ropol
i
s

A.Si
teCr
it
eri
a

Cemet
eri
esormemor
ialpar
kss
hal
lbe
l
ocat
edont
heper
ipher
yoft
het
ownc
ent
eror
i
n ar
eas s
par
sel
yinhabi
ted and wher
eli
tt
le
haz
ardt
o human l
i
fe orheal
thc
oul
dres
ult
.
Undue pr
oli
fer
ati
on of memor
ial
par
ks/
cemet
eri
esi
nanymuni
ci
pal
i
ty/
cit
yshal
l
notbeal
l
owed.Thenumberofc
emet
eri
es/
memor
ialpar
kst
obeal
l
owedwi
thi
neac
hmuni
ci
pal
i
ty/
cit
y
s
hal
lbebas
edont
heneedsordeat
hrat
eint
hemuni
ci
pal
i
tyandf
utur
ecat
chmentar
easaswel
l
.

A.
1Loc
ati
on-The memor
ialpar
kshal
lbe l
ocat
ed i
n muni
ci
pal
i
ties
/ci
ti
es wi
th appr
oved
c
ompr
ehens
ivel
andus
epl
anorz
oni
ngor
dinanc
e.

A.
2Phy
sic
alSui
tabi
l
ity-Thememor
ialpar
kshal
lnotbeal
l
owedi
nenvi
ronment
all
ycr
it
icalar
eas
asdef
inei
nPr
ocl
amat
ionNo.
2146andmus
tbel
ocat
edongr
oundwher
ethewat
ert
abl
eisnot
hi
ghert
han4.
50met
ersbel
owt
hegr
ounds
urf
ace.

A.
3Ac
ces
ibi
l
ity
-Thes
itemus
tbes
ervedbyar
oadwi
thami
nimum wi
dthorr
ight
-of
-waynot
l
esst
han8.
00met
ers
.Al
lrel
evantpr
ovi
si
onsofBat
asPambans
aBl
g.344e.
g.dr
oppedc
urv
es,
c
urbc
utput
s,et
c.s
hal
lbeobs
erved.

B.Des
ignandPl
anni
ngCons
ider
ati
ons
.

B.
1Cemet
ery
/Memor
ialPar
ksmus
tac
hiev
efl
exi
bil
i
tyi
ndes
ignandor
der
lyl
ay-
outt
ores
pond
t
othev
ari
ouss
pat
ialr
equi
rement
sofbur
ialandatt
hes
amet
imef
orec
onomi
clandus
eand
envi
ronment
alc
ont
rol
.

B.
2Lands
hal
lbej
udi
ci
ous
lyal
l
ocat
edf
orv
ari
ousr
equi
rement
sandameni
ti
es.

B.
3Sui
tabl
ear
eass
hal
lbeal
l
ocat
edf
ort
hepl
ant
ingoft
rees
,shr
ubs
,pl
ant
sandf
orot
her
Yumang,
Enr
icCy
rel
lM.

BSAR-
2J
 f
unc
tionalanddec
orat
iveel
ement
ssuc
hasmonument
s,s
cul
ptur
es,f
ount
ainsandbenc
hes
.

C.L
andAl
l
ocat
ion

Memor
ialpar
ks/
cemet
eri
es s
houl
dres
erv
e ar
eas f
orr
oads
,pat
hway
s,par
king and ot
her
f
aci
l
iti
es and ameni
ti
es.Atl
eas
tfi
ft
y(50%)per
centoft
he s
aleabl
e ar
ea s
hal
lbe ut
il
iz
ed f
or
under
groundi
nter
menti
nor
dert
oret
ainpar
k-l
i
kec
har
act
eroft
hepr
ojec
t.

Des
ignPar
amet
ersandRoadCl
ass
if
icat
ions

A.Pr
otec
tiv
eEnc
los
ures

Thec
emet
erys
hal
lbet
otal
l
yenc
los
edbyaper
imet
erf
enc
e/wal
lofas
trongmat
eri
al
,andal
l
gat
ess
hal
lbepr
ovi
dedwi
thas
trongdoorandl
ock
.Per
imet
erwal
lshal
lnotex
ceed3.
00met
ersi
n
hei
ght
.Iti
sal
l
owedt
ocons
truc
ttombs
,vaul
ts,maus
oleumsorot
hert
ypesofs
epul
chr
esf
ort
hedead
upt
othewal
l
s.Ot
her
wis
e,ac
lear
anc
eof5.
00met
erss
hal
lbemai
ntai
nedbet
weent
heper
imet
er
f
enc
eandt
henear
esti
nter
mentpl
ot.

B.Bur
ialPl
ots

B.
1 Gr
ound I
nter
nment
s- For
gr
ound i
nter
nment
s,t
her
eshal
l
be a mi
nimum dept
h of
ex
cavat
ion and s
hal
lbe al
l
owed
onl
y i
n des
ignat
ed gr
avey
ard
ar
eas of c
emet
ery and maybe
pr
ovi
ded wi
ths
uit
abl
e mar
ker
s,
heads
tonesormemor
ial
s.

B.
2AboveGr
oundI
nter
ment
s-v
aul
tss
hal
lbeofs
oli
drei
nfor
cedc
onc
ret
e.

Tomb-At
ombi
sanenc
los
eds
pac
efort
her
epos
itor
yoft
her
emai
nsoft
hedead.

Maus
oleum -i
san ex
ter
nalf
ree-
standi
ng bui
l
ding c
ons
truc
ted asa monument
enc
los
ingt
hei
nter
ments
pac
eorbur
ialc
hamberofadec
eas
edper
son

Yumang,
Enr
icCy
rel
lM.

BSAR-
2J
 Col
umbar
iums
/Os
suar
ies-ar
ewal
l
s,r
ooms
,orbui
l
dingus
edt
ost
oreur
nshol
ding
t
heas
hesofpeopl
ewhohavedi
edandbeenc
remat
ed.

C.Chapel

Shal
lbec
ons
truc
tedatc
onveni
entl
ocat
ionwi
thi
nthec
emet
erywher
efuner
alc
eremoni
esmay
behel
dandi
nci
dent
all
yser
veashav
enf
orf
uner
al
par
ti
ci
pant
sagai
nsts
unandr
ain.Thec
hapelmus
t
bedi
rec
tlyac
ces
sibl
efr
om t
hemai
nent
ranc
eor
l
obbyandc
onveni
entt
othepar
kingar
eaaswel
l
asi
nter
msofpos
tser
vic
emovementofc
asket
,
f
lower
s,et
c.Ami
nimum c
learc
eil
i
nghei
ghtof10
f
t6i
n(3.
20met
ers
)isr
equi
red.Thes
pac
eshoul
d
ber
elat
ivel
yfr
eeofc
olumnsandot
hers
truc
tur
al
el
ement
s.I
tshoul
dal
l
ow f
orawi
deai
sl
eanda
c
lear v
iew f
rom al
langl
es.The c
hapelmus
t
ac
commodat
eal
ltypesofr
eli
giouss
erv
ices
,and
i
nappear
anc
eits
houl
dbes
edat
e,di
gni
fi
ed,and
c
omf
ort
abl
e. Pr
ovi
si
on mus
t be made f
or a
pl
eas
ing s
ett
ing f
ort
he c
asket
,a pul
pitorr
ost
rum oc
cupyi
ng a domi
nantf
ocalpoi
nt,and an
unobt
rus
ivebutef
fec
tiv
emus
ics
yst
em I
naddi
ti
ont
otheabov
e,t
hef
oll
owi
nganc
il
lar
yar
easwi
l
lbe
needed:apr
ivat
efami
l
yroom,as
mal
lst
udyf
ort
hemi
nis
terandnear
byar
easf
orover
fl
ow gr
oups
,
c
ongr
egat
ionofpal
l
bear
ers
,andc
hai
rst
orage.

D.Wak
eChapl
ets

Maybef
ree-
standi
ngorat
tac
hedt
oac
hur
ch,underwhi
chi
sas
epul
chr
eort
omb,of
tenbui
l
t
andus
edf
ori
nter
mentbyonef
ami
l
ywher
ecof
fi
nedbodi
esbr
ief
lyl
i
etogett
hei
rlas
tres
pec
t.Us
ual
l
y
haveami
nimum ar
eaof50s
q.met
ersf
ort
hir
ty(
30)per
sonsandatl
eas
t1.
60s
q.met
ersf
oreac
h
addi
ti
onalper
sonmaypr
ovi
de.

E.Cr
emat
ori
um

Yumang,
Enr
icCy
rel
lM.

BSAR-
2J
 Ac
remat
ori
um mus
tbedes
ignedandc
ons
truc
tedwi
thc
remat
ionr
oom,wai
ti
ngand/
orv
iewi
ng
r
oom,t
oil
etf
aci
l
iti
es,was
hingf
aci
l
iti
es,pr
oces
sor(
gri
nder
)andamor
tuar
yref
ri
ger
ator
/fr
eez
er.A
mor
tuar
y r
efr
iger
ator
/ f
reez
er s
hal
l be
pr
ovi
ded f
or s
afe s
tor
age unt
il f
inal
di
spos
iti
on and t
empor
ary hol
ding peak
ac
tivi
ty oremer
genc
ysi
tuat
ions
.Al
sot
he
c
remat
ion r
oom s
hal
lbe s
epar
ated wi
tha
t
rans
par
entgl
assandc
onc
ret
ewal
lfr
om t
he
wai
ti
ng and/
orvi
ewi
ng r
oom.I
tshal
lbe
pr
ovi
ded wi
th s
uff
ici
ent f
ir
e f
ight
ing
equi
pmentasappr
ovedbyt
hel
ocalf
ir
edepar
tment
.Whi
l
ethegasr
oom/
stor
ages
hal
lbec
ons
truc
ted
wi
thc
onc
ret
eori
mper
viousmat
eri
alandl
ocat
edbel
owt
hegr
ound5met
ersawayf
rom t
hec
remat
ion
andwai
ti
ng/
viewi
ngr
ooms
.

E.Admi
nis
trat
iveOf
fi
ce

A64-
squar
emet
erl
ots
hal
lbeal
l
ocat
edf
oranadmi
nis
trat
ionbui
l
dingof
fi
cef
ormemor
ialpar
ks
wi
thanar
eaofabov
eonehec
tar
e.

F.Ci
rcul
ati
onSys
tem

Anet
wor
kofvehi
cul
ar
r
oads and pedes
tri
an
pat
hway
s s
hal
l f
orm t
he
c
irc
ulat
ion s
yst
em i
nsi
de t
he
memor
ial par
k/c
emet
ery
.
Maj
or r
oads s
hal
l have a
mi
nimum r
ight
-of
-way of
ei
ght 8 met
ers
; 6 met
ers
t
her
eofs
hal
lbec
arr
iageway.
Ther
emai
ning2met
erss
hal
l
bedevel
oped as s
idewal
k or as eas
ement of 1 met
er on ei
ther s
ide. Whi
l
e m
Yumang,
Enr
icCy
rel
lM.

BSAR-
2J
 i
norr
oadss
hal
lhav
eami
nimum r
ight
-
of-
way of6.
5 met
ers
,4.
5 met
ers
t
her
eof s
hal
l be t
he c
arr
iageway
whi
l
ethe r
ests
hal
lbe devot
ed t
o
ei
thers
idewal
k oreas
ementwher
e
nobur
ials
hal
lbeal
l
owed.Ot
heot
her
hand, Dead-
end s
treet
s s
hal
l be
pr
ovi
dedatt
hec
los
edendwi
thac
ul-
de-
sac or ot
her appr
opr
iat
e t
urn
ar
ounds
pac
e.Cul
-de-
sacs
hal
lhaveami
nimum di
amet
erof15met
ers
.

G.Par
kingAr
ea

Par
kingar
eaequi
val
entt
oami
nimum of
fi
veper
cent(
5%)oft
hegr
ossar
eaofmemor
ial
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oroverand above t
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it
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hememor
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emet
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F.El
ect
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calPowerSuppl
y

Di
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ors
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hepowerf
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it
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ess
hal
lbei
nst
all
edal
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idesofs
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s
andpat
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G.Res
tRooms

Shal
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lean and wi
thf
aci
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iti
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H.Ser
vic
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il
it
ies

Wat
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umpt
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Wat
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Yumang,
Enr
icCy
rel
lM.

BSAR-
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 SewerSys
tem

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ignofmoder
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tec
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e.
Thedes
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usedmor
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orm andt
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.Thes
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llt
hemeansof“
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.
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ands
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chi
tec
tur
eoft
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ncemet
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ow t
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f
ir
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omest
othef
orm andf
unc
tion.

Yumang,
Enr
icCy
rel
lM.

BSAR-
2J
Ref
erenc
es

ht
tps
://
www.
newwor
ldenc
ycl
opedi
a.or
g/ent
ry/
Nec
ropol
i
s

ht
tps
://
www.
googl
e.c
om/
amp/
s/www.
mani
l
ati
mes
.net
/2017/
09/
07/
opi
nion/
anal
ysi
s/f
utur
e-memor
ial
-
par
ks/
349116/
amp/

ht
tps
://
www.
des
igni
ngbui
l
dings
.co.
uk/
Fut
uri
st_ar
chi
tec
tur
e#:
~:t
ext
=Fut
uri
st%20ar
chi
tec
tur
e%20c
am
e%20t
o%20be,
li
mit
les
s%20i
n%20s
cope%20and%20s
cal
e.

ht
tps
://
www.
nef
.com.
tr
/en/
blog/
what
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s-f
utur
ism-
and-
fut
uri
sti
c-ar
chi
tec
tur
e-gr
oundbr
eaki
ng-
str
uct
ures
-
around-
the-
wor
ld

Hous
ingandLandUs
eRegul
ator
yBoar
d_Rul
esandRegul
ati
onsf
orMemor
ialPar
k/Cemet
eri
es

Nat
ionalBui
l
dingCodeoft
hePhi
l
ippi
nes
_Rul
e7SecI
II-Gui
del
i
nesonBui
l
dingsandOt
herAc
ces
sor
y
St
ruc
tur
esWi
thi
nCemet
eri
esandMemor
ialPar
ks

Ti
meSaverSt
andar
dsf
orBui
l
dingTy
pe2ndEdi
ti
onbyJ
osephdeChi
araandJ
ohnCal
l
ender

Yumang,
Enr
icCy
rel
lM.

BSAR-
2J