MATHS@NJAHMI END COMPOSED AND

OF YEAR COMPETITION STRUCTURED BY

(MEOYC 2021) THE MATHS@NJAHMI

21
THIRD SESSION AMDINS

Motto : To honour Critical and Motto : To honour Criti-

Creative Thinking, in the field cal and Creative Thinking,
of Mathematics in the field of Mathematics

20
MEOYC–2021 MCQ SOLUTION GUIDE · · · ALL RIGHTS RESERVED

1. Consider D, the distance between an arbitrary point (x, y) on the curve, and the point (5, 1).
p
D = (x − 5)2 + (y − 1)2
=⇒ D2 = (x − 5)2 + (y − 1)2 ——- ○
1
2
From y = x + 2,
=⇒ D2 = (x − 5)2 + (x2 + 1)2

=⇒
C
dD2
= 2(x − 5) + 2(2x)(x2 + 1)
dx
dD2
=⇒ = 4x3 + 6x − 10
dx
Y
dD2
= 0 =⇒ 4x3 + 6x − 10 = 0
dx
by trial and error, x = 1 is a solution
=⇒ 2(x − 1)(2x2 + 2x + 5) = 0
but for ∀x ∈ R, 2x2 + 2x + 5 > 0
EO

=⇒ 2(x − 1) = 0 =⇒ x = 1
putting in ○,
1 D2 = (−4)2 + (2)2
√
=⇒ D = 2 5
Ans = D
2
2. y = sin 2x − 7
3
2π
The period is T = =π
2
M

Note: “−7” represents the vertical shift

2
“ ” represents the amplitude
3
Ans = E
3. A plane in R3 can be defined by at least 3 points in space.
Hence the number of planes = 5 C3 = 10 planes.
Ans = C

MEOYC 2021
4. perimeter of the triangle is the sum of the distances between the 3 points.
p √
D1 = d((4, 0), (−1, −1)) = 52 + 12 = 26
p √
D2 = d((4, 0), (3, 4)) = 12 + 42 = 17
p √
D3 = d((−1, −1), (3, 4)) = 42 + 52 = 41

21
√ √ √
perimeter = 26 + 17 + 41 ' 5 + 4 + 6.4 ' 15.4

Ans = A
1
5. x =
1
2+

20
1
2+
1
2+
2 + ···
1
=⇒ x =
2+x
=⇒ x(2 + x) = 1 =⇒ x2 + 2x − 1 = 0
√
=⇒ x = −1 ± 2
but x > 0
√
C
=⇒ x = −1 + 2
√
=⇒ x = 2 − 1
Ans = D
6. By Fermat’s little theorem, for any prime p,
Y
p4 ≡ 1 (mod 5)

Therefore, 5 is a factor of p4 − 1.
Also, by factoring,
EO

p4 − 1 = (p − 1)(p + 1)(p2 + 1)

Since p is a prime, p must be odd. Then each factor is divisible by 2. Moreover, all odd primes satisfy
p ≡ ±1 (mod 4), so one of the factors p − 1 or p + 1 is divisible by 4.
Therefore 4 · 2 · 2 = 16 is another factor.
Finally, 3 divides one of p − 1, p, or p + 1. Since p is a prime with p ≥ 5, 3 does not divide p. Then 3
divides one of p − 1 or p + 1. Therefore, 3 is another factor.
Since 5, 16, and 3 are all factors of p4 − 1, 5 · 16 · 3 = 240 divides p4 − 1.
M

Note that 74 − 1 = 2400 = 240(10) and 114 − 1 = 14640 = 240(61). Then gcd(74 − 1, 114 − 1) = 240.
Therefore, there are no greater numbers which divides all p4 − 1 for any p ≥ 5.
Ans = C

MOEYC. 2
    
x x−y
7. Let A = tan−1 − tan−1
y x+y
 
x x
Let B = tan−1 =⇒ tan B =
y y
 
x−y x−y
Let C = tan−1 =⇒ tan C =
x+y x+y

21
From A = B − C,
=⇒ tan A = tan(B − C)

tan B − tan C
=
1 − tan B tan C
x x−y
−
y x+y

20
=   
x x−y
1−
y x+y

x(x + y) − y(x − y)
=
y(x + y) + x(x − y)

x2 + xy − xy − y 2
=
xy + y 2 + x2 − xy
C x2 − y 2
=
x2 + y 2
x − y2
2
=⇒ tan A = 2
x + y2
 2
x − y2

Y
=⇒ A = tan−1
x2 + y 2

Ans = E

8. f (x) = x2 + 3 g(x) = 2xy − 3

EO

f (x + y) = (x + y)2 + 3

= x2 + y 2 + 2xy + 3

= (x2 + 3) + (y 2 + 3) + (2xy − 3)

= f (x) + f (y) + g(x)

Ans = A

9. Let ax2 + bx + c = 0 be the quadratic equation, where a, b, c are all rational numbers.
M

Let α be the rational root of the quadratic equation. Let β be the other root.
c c c
Note that αβ = . Note that since a and c are rational, is rational. Then, β = must be rational.
a a aα
Ans = B
10. s r
√
q
y = 2 2 2 2···

MOEYC. 3
 squaring both sides,
r q
√
y2 = 2 2 2 2 · · ·

=⇒ y 2 = 2y =⇒ y(y − 2) = 0
y 6= 0 =⇒ y = 2

21
Ans = E

11. Ans = C
12. OB is the radius of the circle.
√
By Pythagoras theorem, OB = 52 − 42 = 3 cm

20
Area of circle = πr2 = π(3)2 = 9π
Hence A = 9π
7A − 1 = 7(9π) − 1
 
22
= 7(9) −1
7

= 197
Ans = C

13.
C (
tan x + sin x = m — ○1
tan x − sin x = n — ○
2
Y
○
1 +○
2 =⇒ m + n = 2 tan x—○
3

○
1 −○
2 =⇒ m − n = 2 sin x
EO

m2 − n2 = 2 tan x · 2 sin x

=⇒ m2 − n2 = 4 tan x sin x — ○
5

This resembles choices B and C

M

MOEYC. 4
 mn = (tan x + sin x)(tan x − sin x)

= tan2 x − sin2 x

sin2 x(1 − cos2 x)

=
cos2 x

21
= tan2 x sin2 x

=⇒ mn = tan2 x sin2 x
√
=⇒ mn = tan x sin x
√
=⇒ 4 mn = 4 tan x sin x

20
= m2 − n2 as from ○
5
√
Hence m2 − n2 = 4 mn
Ans = C
14. For coincident roots, b2 − 4ac = 0.
=⇒ (−(2 + m))2 − 4(1)(−m2 − 4m − 4) = 0
=⇒ 4 + 4m + m2 + 4m2 + 16m + 16 = 0
C
=⇒ 5m2 + 20m + 20 = 0
=⇒ 5m2 + 10m + 10m + 20 = 0
=⇒ 5m(m + 2) + 10(m + 2) = 0
Y
=⇒ (m + 2)(5m + 10) = 0
=⇒ m = −2, m = −2
Ans = B
15.
EO

AABAAB (1001)(AAB)
=
AAB AAB

= 1001

Ans = E
16. The polygon formed by the roots of z 8 − 1 = 0 has 8 vertices.
Hence, an interior angle will be

180◦ (8 − 2)
M

θ =
8

= 135◦

Ans = A

MOEYC. 5
17.
1256 × 1568493387 × 703620791 ≡ 56 × 87 × 91 (mod 100)

≡ 56 × (−13) × (−9) (mod 100)

≡ 56 × 17 (mod 100)

≡ 8 × 119

21
(mod 100)

≡ 8 × 19 (mod 100)

≡ 152 (mod 100)

≡ 52 (mod 100)

20
Second-to-last digit = 5.
Ans = A
18.
∞ ∞  n
X 3n X 3
=
n=0
4n n=0
4

 n
3
an = is a G.P.
C 4
 0
3
First term = a = =1
4
an+1 3
Common ratio = r = =
Y
an 4
∞ ∞
X 3n X a 1 4
= an = = = =4
4 n 1−r 3 1
n=0 n=0 1−
4
EO

Ans = D
7
19. f (x) = F (x) = f (x − 1)
2x − b
7
=⇒ F (x) =
2(x − 1) − b
F (x) is odd =⇒ F (−x) = −F (x)

7 −7
=⇒ =
−2x − 2 − b 2x − 2 − b
M

=⇒ 2x − 2 − b = 2x + 2 + b
=⇒ 2b = −4 =⇒ b = −2

Ans = B

MOEYC. 6
 Z √
3
tan2 x
Z Z

1
20. primitive of f (x) = f (x) dx = dx = tan2 x 3 sec2 x dx
cos2 x
Z
2
=⇒ F (x) = (tan x) 3 sec2 x dx

Let u = tan x =⇒ du = sec2 x dx

Z
2 3 5
=⇒ F (x) = u 3 du = u 3 + K

21
5
3 5
=⇒ F (x) = (tan x) 3 + K
5
3√3
=⇒ F (x) = tan5 x + K
5
Ans = A

20
21. Every side of the hexagon = 10 cm
perimeter = 6 × 10 cm = 60 cm
Ans = C
22.
∞  
X 19
Number of trailing zeroes of 19! =
n=1
5n
 
19
=
C 5

= 3

Ans = B
Y
23. Area of shaded region = Area of square − Area of unshaded region

Area of unshaded region = sum of are of semi-circles − area of intersection of semi-circles

EO

π(10)2 π(10)2
     
= 2 − 2 − 100
2 4

= 100π − 50π + 100

= 100 + 50π

= 50(2 + π)

Ans = E
M

24. Ans = D

25. Ans = B

MOEYC. 7
 √ √ √ √
26. since 2046 = 2047 = 2048 = 2049 = 45,
=⇒ 2003 + 45 = 2048

Ans = C

27. 2020 − 2000 = 20yrs with 5 leap years.

21
January 1, 2020 falls on 20 + 5 ≡ 4 (mod 7) i.e on Wednesday

Ans = C

20
28.
total length = r + r + rθ
C
total length = 20

=⇒ 2r + rθ = 20
Y
20 − 2r
=⇒ θ =
r
θ 1
A= × πr2 θ = r2 θ
2π 2
 
1 2 20 − 2r
EO

=⇒ A = · r ·
2 r
=⇒ A = 10r − r2
dA
at Max A, =0
dr
=⇒ 10 − 2r = 0

r=5
M

 
1 2 20 − 2(5)
Hence Maximum Area, Amax = × (5) ×
2 5
= 25

Ans = E

MOEYC. 8
29.
1 1
√
(log9 2) 2 2 × ( 7) 4 7
log log 9 log 2×logl og2 94 1
= (log2 9) × 7 2 ×log4 7

logl og2 94
= (log2 9) × 7log7 2

= 4×2

21
= 8

Ans = B

−−→ −−→ −−→ −−→ −−→ −−→

30. Generally, |OX × OY | = |OX||OY | sin(θ) , where θ is the angle between OX and OY

20
−−→ −−→ −−→ −−→
since OX and OY are unit vectors, then |OX| = |OY | = 1

−−→ −−→
=⇒ |OX × OY | = sin(θ)
C
−−→ −−→
=⇒ |OX × OY | = sin(P + Q)

Ans = A
Y
31.
7x 3 1 x
+ = −
8 2 10 9
EO

7x x 1 3
=⇒ + = −
8 9 10 2
71x 7
=⇒ = −
72 5
504
=⇒ x = −
355
M

Ans = E

MOEYC. 9
 1
y = f (x) = s  2
b
a2 + − cx
x

32.
1
(f (x))2 =

21
 2
b
a2 + − cx
x
 −1
2 2 b 2
=⇒ (f (x)) = a + ( − cx)
x
   −2
b b b

20
=⇒ 2f (x) · f 0 (x) = (−1) 2(− 2 − c)( − cx) · a2 + ( − cx)2
x x x
 
b b
2(−1) (− 2 − c)( − cx)
x x
=⇒ 2f (x) · f 0 (x) =  2
2
b 2
a + ( − cx)
x
 
b b
( 2 + c)( − cx)
1 x x
C =⇒ f 0 (x) =
f (x)
· 
2
b
a + ( − cx)2
2

x
 
b b
s  2 ( 2 + c)( − cx)
b x x
Y
=⇒ f 0 (x) = a2 + − cx ·  2
x b
2
a + ( − cx) 2
x
 
b b
( 2 + c)( − cx)
EO

x x
=⇒ f 0 (x) =   23
b
a2 + ( − cx)2
x

(b + cx2 )(b − cx2 )

=⇒ f 0 (x) =   23
3 2
b 2
x a + ( − cx)
x

(b2 − c2 x4 )
=⇒ f 0 (x) =
M

  23
3 2
b 2
x a + ( − cx)
x

Ans = E

33. b2 − c2 x4 = 0



=⇒ b − cx2 b + cx2 = 0

MOEYC. 10


=⇒ b − cx2 = 0 (given that a, b, c are positive constant, makes the statement b + cx2 = 0
to be impossible)
r
b
=⇒ x = ±
c
but x > 0 i.e ”frequency” in Mathematical English is a positive quantity.

21
r
b
=⇒ x =
c

Ans = C
34. xm represents the maximum frequency and ym represents the maximum impedance as in
the question.

20
r
0 b
The maximum frequency is gotten when f (x) = 0, =⇒ xm =
c
r
b
when x = xm = , y = ym = a1
c
Ans = E
35. suppose x = xm , y = ym , a = c, then
2
C
(xm ) = b
a —— ○,
1 ym = 1
a —— ○
2

putting ○ 1 we have (xm )2 = b(ym )

2 in ○,
Y
=⇒ x2 = by
EO

Ans = B
2
36. when a = c, (xm ) = b(ym ), which represents a parabola
Ans = A

37. Using a3 + b3 = (a + b) a2 − ab + b2
 3 
17 + 233 + 193 + 213


(173 + 233 ) + (193 + 213 )
M

=
 
= (17 + 23)(172 + 232 − 17 · 23) + (19 + 21)(192 + 212 − 19 · 21)

= 40 (427 + 403)

MOEYC. 11
 the Sum ÷ 40 becomes
40 (427 + 403)
=
83
40 (830)
=
83

= 400

21
Ans = A
38. if 13 + 23 + 33 + 43 + · · · + 93 = 2025

3
Then 0.113 13 + 23 + 33 + 43 + · · · + 93 = (0.11) · 2025

20


=⇒ (0.11)3 + (0.22)3 + (0.33)3 + (0.44)3 + · · · + (0.99)3 = (0.11) · 2025

Ans = C

39. The 6 physics books have 6! ways of arranging them. There are 7 spaces to insert the
first chem book and 6 spaces to insert the second chem book.

So we’ve 6! × 7 × 6 ways but in some arrangements the physics books all stand to-
gether. i.e C 1 P 1 P 2 P 3 P 4 P 5 P 6 C 2
C
· In this arrangements there are 6! × 2! ways only.
Y
· Number of ways in which the 2 chem and 6 physics books must not all stand together
is (6! × 7 × 6) - (6! × 2) = 40 × 6! ways.

Ans = A
EO

40. 6 + 7 > k =⇒ k < 13

6 + k > 7 =⇒ k > 1

Thus 1 < k < 13

Let k be the sides facing θ

M

62 + 72 − k 2
=⇒ cosθ =
2·6·7


85 − k 2
=⇒ cosθ =
84

since the triangle is an obtuse angled triangle. 90 < θ < 180 cosθ will be -ve

MOEYC. 12
 85 − k 2 = −ve value but 1 < k < 13

Hence, Ans : k = 10, 11, 12

Ans = B

41. Let coordinates of P be P (x, y)

21
p p
Distance of P (x, y) from the origin, O(0, 0) = [(x − 0)2 + (y − 0)2 ] = (x2 + y 2 )

|ax0 + by 0 + c|
Shortest distance of P (x, y) from the line x = 5 is given by : d = p
(a + b)
hence, we are dealing with P (x, y), x - 5 = 0, a = 1, b = 0, c = - 5

20
|x − 5|
=⇒ d =
1
=⇒ d = |x − 5|
p
(x2 + y 2 ) = |x − 5|

x2 + y 2 = (x − 5)2

x2 + y 2 = x2 − 10x + 25
C
=⇒ y 2 + 10x = 25

Ans = B
Y
42. the sum of the terms of the sequence 7,77,777,7777,. . . to the n terms, is given by

Sn = 7 + 77 + 777 + 7777 + . . . + to the n terms

7
=⇒ Sn = [9 + 99 + 999 + 9999 + . . . ] + to the n terms
9
EO

7
=⇒ Sn = [(10 − 1) + (100 − 1) + (1000 − 1) + (10000 − 1) + · · · +] to the n terms
9
7
=⇒ Sn = [(10 + 100 + 1000 + 10000 + · · · +) + (−1 + −1 + −1 + −1 + · · · + −1)] n times
9

7
=⇒ Sn = [(10 + 100 + 1000 + 10000 + · · · +) − (1 + 1 + 1 + 1 + · · · + 1)] n times
9
M

Recognize that 10 + 100 + 1000 + 10000 + . . . + n is a a G·P

7 10(10n − 1)
 
=⇒ Sn = + −(n)
9 10 − 1

7 10 (10n − 1)
 
=⇒ Sn = + (−n)
9 10 − 1

MOEYC. 13
 7 10 (10n − 1)
 
=⇒ Sn = + (−n)
9 9

Ans = B

21
y
dy y φ
43. = + xy  — ○ 1
dx x φ0
x
dy dv
Let y = vx ⇐⇒ =v+x
dx dx
In ○
1

20
dv φ(v)
=⇒ v + x =v+ 0
dx φ (v)
dv φ(v)
=⇒ x = 0
dx φ (v)
Z 0 Z
φ (v) dx
=⇒ dv =
φ(v) x
=⇒ ln |φ(v)| = ln |x| + ln K
=⇒ ln |φ(v)| = ln |Kx|
C
=⇒ φ(v) = Kx
y
=⇒ φ = Kx
x
Ans = B
Y
44. Let 1234566 · 424344 = x.
Note that 45 = 5 × 9.

* Let use check divisibility by 5.

EO

x is not divisible by 5 since it ends with a 4. Remainder when x is divided by 5 is 4.

* Let us check divisibility by 3.
270
The sum of all the digits is 270. Also= 30R0.
9
* The remainder by 45 is the number which leaves a remainder 4 when divided by 5
and 0 when divided by 9.

Let the number be D.

¬ D divided by 5 leaves a remainder of 4. D could be 9, 14, 19, · · · .
M

¬ D divided by 9 leaves a remainder of 0. D could be 9, 18, 27, · · · .

The first number common to both cases is 9. So remainder when x is divided by 45 is 9.
Ans = B
r q p
45. f (x) = (1 − cos x) (1 − cos x) (1 − cos x) · · · ∞
r q
2
p
[f (x)] = (1 − cos x) (1 − cos x) (1 − cos x) (1 − cos x) · · · ∞

MOEYC. 14
 =⇒ [f (x)]2 = (1 − cos x)f (x)
=⇒ [f (x)][f (x) − 1 + cos x] = 0
=⇒ f (x) = 1 − cos x
But −1 ≤ cos x ≤ 1
=⇒ −1 ≤ − cos x ≤ 1
=⇒ −1 + 1 ≤ 1 − cos x ≤ 1 + 1

21
=⇒ 0 ≤ f (x) ≤ 2
Therefore f (x) ∈ [0, 2].
Ans = C
46. The differential coefficient is simply the derivative with respect to x.
√ √ 
1+x− 1−x

20
−1 √ √
Let y = tan
1+x+ 1−x
√
1−x
 
1 − √
1+x
=⇒ y = tan−1 

√ 
 1−x
1+ √
1+x
√   
−1 −1 1−x −1 −1 −1 A−B
=⇒ y = tan 1 − tan √ (From tan A − tan B = tan )
1+x 1 + AB
 
C
dy  1  d  √1 − x 
=⇒ =0− · √
 
dx √ 2 
 1 − x  dx 1+x
1+ √
1+x
−1 √ 1 √
 
Y
√ 1+x− √ 1 − x
dy −(1 + x) 2 1−x 2 1+x
=⇒ = 
dx 2  1+x 

√ √ √ √ 
1+x× 1+x 1−x 1−x
EO

√ √ +√ √
1+x 1−x× 1+x 1+x 1−x
=
4 1+x
1 2
= ·√
4 1 − x2
1
= √
2 1 − x2
dy 1
=⇒ = √
M

dx 2 1 − x2
Ans = C

47. Since a > 0 and b < 0 and c > 0, ac > 0 and 0 > bc. Therefore ac > bc =⇒ A is true.
Since a > 0 and b < 0 and c > 0, ab < 0 and ac > 0. Then ac > ab. Also, since c > a > 0,
c2 > a2 . Then a2 + ab < c2 + ac =⇒ C is true.

MOEYC. 15
 Since a2 < c2 as explained above, a2 + ac < c2 + ac. Then since a2 + ac > 0 and c2 + ac > 0,
1 1
2
> 2 =⇒ D is true.
a + ac c + ac
Ans = B
48. Let D be a point on AC such that BD is the angle bisector of ∠ABC. By angle bisector
theorem,
AD AB 18 − 5 13

21
= =p =
DC BC 2
(31 − 7) + (11 − 18)2 25
.
Therefore, D divides AC internally in the ratio AD : DC = 13 : 25.
Let O be the origin, then we have

−−→ −→ −−→ −→ 13 −→ −→ 13 −−→ −→ 25 −→ 13 −−→

20
OD = OA + AD = OA + AC = OA + (OC − OA) = OA + OC
38 38 38 38
After simplification,  
−−→ 289 134
OD = ,
19 19
 
289 134
Therefore, the coordinates of D is , .
19 19
134
− 18
Equation of angle bisector of ∠ABC is the equation of BD, which is y −18 = 19
C 289
−7
(x−7).
19
−82 41
After simplification, we get 4x + 3y − 82 = 0. Therefore, x-intercept is − = .
4 2
Ans = C
Y
49. By law of cosines, p √
BD = 72 + 102 − 2(7)(10) cos 60◦ = 79
BO BA 10 10 √ 7√
By angle bisector theorem, = = . Therefore, BO = 79 and OD = 79.
OD AD 7 17 17
EO

By law of sines, √
7 79
=
sin ∠ABD sin 60◦
√
7 237
sin ∠ABD =
158
√ !
−1 7 237
∠ABD = sin
158
M

√ !
−1 13 79
= cos
158

By law of cosines,

√ !! √
v
2
10 √ 10 √
u   
u 13 79 70 3
2
AO = 10 +
t 79 − 2(10) 79 cos cos−1 =
17 17 158 17

MOEYC. 16
 By power of points, we have

AO · OC = BO · OD
√ !
10 √ 7√
  
70 3
OC = 79 79
17 17 17

21
10 √ 7√
  
79 79
17 17
OC = √
70 3
17
√
79 3
=

20
51

Ans = A
50. Check the order of the options and the integrand:
Integrand:
x(1 − x2 )
 
1
∼O
(x + 3x + 1)2
2 x3

Option A:  
x 1
C 2(x2 + 3x + 1)
∼O
x

Option B:  
x 1
∼O
2(x2 + 3x + 1)2 x3
Y
Option C:
x2
∼ O (1)
2(x2 + 3x + 1)

Option D:
EO

x2
 
1
∼ O
2(x2 + 3x + 1)2 x2
Z  
1 1 1
Since 3
dx = − 2 + C ∼ O , option D is most probably the answer. We check by
x 2x x2
differentiation if D is really the answer or not.

d x2 x x2 (2x + 3)
= − 2
dx 2(x + 3x + 1)2
2 (x2 + 3x + 1) 2 (x + 3x + 1)3
M

x3 + 3x2 + x − 2x3 − 3x2

=
(x2 + 3x + 1)3

x − x3
=
(x2 + 3x + 1)3

x(1 − x2 )
=
(x2 + 3x + 1)3

MOEYC. 17
 x(1 − x2 ) x2
Z
Therefore, dx = + C.
(x2 + 3x + 1) 3 2(x + 3x + 1)2
2

Ans = D
51. We compute the totient of 100.
  
1 1
ϕ(100) = 100 1 − 1−

21
= 40
2 5

By Euler’s theorem,

13297 ≡ 13297 (mod 40)

≡ 1317 (mod 100)

Then,

20
1317 ≡ 13 · 698 (mod 100)

≡ 13 · 318 (mod 100)

≡ 13 · 614 (mod 100)

≡ 13 · 394 (mod 100)

≡ 13 · 212 (mod 100)

C
≡ 13 · 41 (mod 100)

≡ 33 (mod 100)
Y
297
Therefore, 13 ≡ 33 (mod 100). Hence, the last two digits of 13297 is 33.
Ans = B
EO
M

MOEYC. 18