Learning Outcome from

GRAND HISTORICAL BACKGROUND OF THE COLONIAL RULE –BATTLE OF

POLASHI (1757)

No management should let an incident of misconduct or treason pass. Unethical conduct by any
person warrants eviction. A routine step like job rotation or transfer doesn't help. An immediate
disciplinary action, on the other hand, sets a precedent for others. No organization should tolerate
any behavior not aligned with its policies.

Learning Outcome from

Bengal Government Opium Monopoly and The Bengal Famine of 1770

the opium business was hugely exploitative and ended up impoverishing Indian peasants. Poppy
was cultivated against a substantial loss. These peasants would have been much better without it.
This is how the East Indian Company ran the trade. Indians workers were given commissions on
every seer - a traditional unit of mass and volume used in large parts of Asia - of opium delivered
on their beat.

Learning Outcome from

The British Land Revenue Policy of 1793 (Permanent Settlement)

The immediate consequence of the Permanent Settlement was both very sudden and dramatic, one
that nobody had apparently foreseen. By ensuring that zamindars' lands were held in perpetuity
and with a fixed tax burden, they became desirable commodities.
It had an adverse effect on the income of the company as the revenue was fixed on the low side
due to lack of proper measurement. The system was beneficial only for the landlords. The
condition of farmers did not improve, and they continued to be the victims of harassments by the
landlord.

Learning Outcome from

Bengali Muslim Renaissance

The Bengal Renaissance was a movement characterized by a sociopolitical awakening in the arts,
literature, music, philosophy, religion, science, and other fields of intellectual inquiry. ... In turn,
the Bengal Renaissance advocated for societal reform – the kind that adhered to secularist,
humanist, and modernist ideals.

The Bengal Renaissance led to the proliferation of modern Bengali literature, fervent and diverse
intellectual enquiry and ultimately fostered an engagement with rationalism and nationalism and
alternately questioned the foreign subjugation of the country.

Learning Outcome from

Partition of Bengal 1905 – 11

The partition triggered radical nationalism. Nationalists all over India supported the Bengali cause,
and were shocked at the British disregard for public opinion and what they perceived as a "divide
and rule" policy. The protests spread to Bombay, Poona, and Punjab.

I think, It can be fairly concluded that the events of 1905 contained the seeds that shaped the future
of the subcontinent for years to come in terms of nationalism, economic policy and educational
reforms. Unfortunately, it also sowed the seeds of division, which culminated in the Partition of
the country in 1947.

Learning Outcome from

Lahore Resolution of 1940

It determined for the Muslims a true goal and their homeland in north-east and north-west. The
acceptance of the Pakistan resolution accelerated the pace of freedom movement. It gave new
energy and courage to the Muslims who gathered around Muhammad Ali Jinnah for struggle for
freedom.

Learning Outcome from

BIRTH OF AWAMI MUSLIM LEAGUE, 1949

The party was formed to champion the rights of the masses in Pakistan against the powerful feudal
establishment led by the Muslim League. However, due to its strength stemming from the
discriminated Bengali population of Pakistan's eastern wing, the party eventually became
associated and identified with East Bengal.
Learning Outcome from

Language Movement (1948 to 1952)

The Language Movement catalyzed the assertion of Bengali national identity in East Bengal and
later East Pakistan, and became a forerunner to Bengali nationalist movements, including the 6-
Point Movement and subsequently the Bangladesh Liberation War and the Bengali Language
Implementation Act, 1987.

Learning Outcome from

Six Point Movement & The Agartala Doctrine

Pakistan decided to try the accused by court-martial since a lot of the accused were military
personnel. However, this was overturned in favor of a civil trial to implicate the politicians ahead
of the 1970 elections as well as to provide transparency of the trials. Hence, only 35 were finally
accused.

Learning Outcome from

Mangal Pandey Revolt

Mangal Pandey is widely regarded as the harbinger of the 1857 rebellion against the British
considered to be India's first war of Independence. As a soldier in the 34th Bengal Native Infantry
(BNI) regiment of the East India Company's army, he pioneered the sepoy mutiny, which
eventually led to the rebellion of 1857.