wOHhk fmdÿ iy;sl m;% ^Wiia fm<&

ixhqla; .Ks;h

mqyqKqùfï m%Yakdj,sh
ms<s;=re iu`.
^2017 kj úIh ks¾foaYhg wkqj ilia lrk ,o&

.Ks; fomd¾;fïka;=j
úoHd yd ;dlaIK mSGh
cd;sl wOHdmk wdh;kh
YS% ,xldj
www.nie.lk

i
ixhqla; .Ks;h
mqyqKqùfï m%Yakdj,sh ^ms<s;=re iu`.&

cd;sl wOHdmk wdh;kh

m%:u uqøKh 2018

.Ks; fomd¾;fïka;=j
úoHd yd ;dlaIK mSGh
cd;sl wOHdmk wdh;kh

uqøKh (
uqøKd,h
cd;sl wOHdmk wdh;kh
uyr.u

ii
 wOHlaI ckrd,a;=ñhf.a mKsúvh

.Ks; wOHdmkh ixj¾Okh lsÍu i|yd cd;sl wOHdmk wdh;kfha .Ks; fomd¾;fïka;=j
úiska ldf,daÑ; j úúO l%shd ud¾. wkq.ukh lrñka isà' zzmqyK
q qùfï m%Yk
a dj,sh - ms<s;=re
iu`.ZZ kñka rÑ; fmd; tys tla m%;sM,hls'

fod<y iy oy;=kajk fY%aKsj,j, úIh ks¾foaY yeoEÍfuka miq meje;afjk wOHhk

fmdÿ iy;sl m;% ^Wiia fm<& úNd.h i|yd isiqka iQodkï lsÍu mdif,a .=rejrhdg
mejfrk m%Odk ld¾hhls' fï i|yd fhda.H we.hSï WmlrK fnfyúka úr, fõ'
fjf<|fmdf,a mj;akd fndfyduhla WmlrK j,x.= núka yd .=Kd;aul núka W!k
m%Yakj,ska iukaú; m%Yak m;%j,ska hqla; nj fkdryils' fuu ;;a;ajh j<lajd isiqkag
úNd.hg ukd f,i iQodkï ùu i|yd cd;sl wOHdmk wdh;kfha .Ks; fomd¾;fïka;=j
fuu ixhqla; .Ks;h zzmqyqKqùfï m%Yakdj,sh - ms<s;=re iu`.ZZ ilia lr we;' fuh úIh
ks¾foaYhg wkqj ilid" mQ¾j mÍlaIKhkag ,la lr lrk ,o jákd m%Yak we;=<;a
.%ka:hls' m%Yak iu`. tajdfha W;a;r we;=<;a lr ;sîu .=rejrekag fuka u isiqkag o
fnfyúka m%fhdackj;a jk nj ksiel h'

fuu fmd; mÍYS,kfhka .Ks; úIhfha we.hSï l%shdj,sh id¾:l lr .kakd fuka
.=rejrekaf.ka o" isiqkaf.ka o b,a,d isáñ'

zzmqyqKqùfï m%Yakdj,sh - ms<s;=re iu`.ZZ Tn w;g m;a lsÍu i|yd wkq.%yh ±la jQ AusAid
jHdmD;s hg;a" fuu ld¾hh id¾:l lr .ekS ug Ydia ;%S h odhl;ajh iemhQ .Ks;
fomd¾;fïka;=fõ ld¾h uKav,hg yd ndysr úoaj;=ka ish¨ fokdg;a uf.a m%Kduh ysñ
fõ'

wdpd¾h chka;s .=Kfialr

wOHlaI ckrd,a
cd;sl wOHdmk wdh;kh

iii
 wOHlaI;=udf.a mKsúvh

wOHhk fmdÿ iy;sl m;% ^Wiia fm<& úIhOdrdjka w;r .Ks;h úIhOdrdj i|yd iqúfYaIs
ia:dkhla ysñj we;' wOHhk fmdÿ iy;sl m;% ^idudkH fm<& úNd.fhka Wiia f,i
iu;ajk isiqka úfYaIfhka .Ks; úIh Odrdjg m%sh lrhs' rglg iy f,dalhg Tìk
kfjda;amdol rdYshla ìys lsÍug odhl jQ úfYaI{hska ìys lr we;af;a Wiia fm< .Ks;
úIhOdrdj ye±rE isiqka nj w;S;h uekúka idlaIs lrhs'

wOHhk fmdÿ iy;sl m;% ^Wiia fm<& .Ks; úIhhka i|yd úIhud,dj ilia lr we;af;a
úoHd;aul f,dalhg" ;dlaIK f,dalhg iy jevf,dalhg w;HjYH úoaj;=ka ìys lr §fï
mru fÉ;kdj we;sjhs'

j¾I 2017 isg Wiia fm< ixhqla; .Ks; úIh iy Wiia fm< .Ks; úIh i|yd ixfYdaê;
kj úIhud,djla l%shd;aul fõ' fuu úIhud,dj bf.k .kakd YsIH YsIHhdjkaf.a
bf.kqu myiqj i|yd mqyqKq m%Yak iy W;a;r we;=<;a fmd;la cd;sl wOHdmk wdh;kfha
.Ks; fomd¾;fïka;j = úiska ilia lr we;' fuu fmdf;a we;=<;a m%Yak isiqkaf.a ixl,am
idOk uÜgu uek ne,sug;a bÈßfha § mj;ajk wOHhk fmdÿ iy;sl m;% ^Wiia fm<&
úNd.h i|yd fmr iQodkug;a iqÿiq jk mßÈ ilia lr we;' m%Yakhg wod< W;a;r imhd
§fuka n,dfmdfrd;a;= jkafka YsIH YsIHhdjka m%Yakhla i|yd W;a;rh ,nd§fï § wkq.ukh
l< hq;= mshjr iy l%ufõo ms<sn| j w;a±lSula ,ndÈu hs' tu`.ska W;a;rh fm<.eiaúh hq;=
wdldrh ms<sn| j isiqkag ;u yelshd" l=i,;d iy oekqu jeä ÈhqKq lr .ekSug yelsfõ'
fuu m%Yak iy W;a;r ilia lsÍug úfYaI{;djhla we;s úYajúµd, lÓldpd¾hjreka
.=rejreka iy úIhud,d úfYaI{hskaf.a iïm;a odhl;ajh ,nd § we;' ;jo fuu m%Yak
ilia lsÍfï § tla tla úIh wka;¾.;hka i|yd úúO udk Tiafia YsIH YsIHhdjkaf.a
wjOdkh fhduq lsÍug;a" isiqkaf.a ±kqu mq`M,a lr .ekSug;a wjia:dj ,nd §ug yd u.
fmkaùug wjOdkh fhduq lr we;' .=rejrekaf.a Wmfoia iy u. fmkaùu hgf;a fuka u
iajhxj bf.kqu i|yd;a WÑ; f,i fuu fmd; ilia lr we;'

fujeks jákd fmd;la ks¾udKh lsÍug wjYH Wmfoia iy u. fmkaùu ,ndÿka cd;sl
wOHdmk wdh;kfha wOHlaI ckrd,a;=ñhg iy iïm;a odhl;ajh ±la jQ ieug;a ia;=;shs'
fuu fmd; Ndú; lr tu`.ska ,nk w;a±lSï ;=<ska kej; uqøKhl § Ndú;hg iqÿiq
Okd;aul woyia wm fj; ,nd fok f,i f.!jrfhka b,a,d isáñ'

fla' rxð;a m;auisß

wOHlaI
.Ks; fomd¾;fïka;=j
cd;sl wOHdmk wdh;kh

iv
 úIhud,d lñgqj

wkque;sh ( Ydia;S%h lghq;= uKav,h"

cd;sl wOHdmk wdh;kh'

WmfoaYl;ajh ( wdpd¾h à' ta' wd¾' fÊ' .=Kfialr ñh

wOHlaI ckrd,a
cd;sl wOHdmk wdh;kh

wëlaIKh ( fla' rxð;a m;auisß uhd"

wOHlaI" .Ks; fomd¾;fïka;=j"
cd;sl wOHdmk wdh;kh'

úIh iïnkaëlrKh ( tia' rdfÊkaøï uhd

fcHIaG lÓldpd¾h" .Ks; fomd¾;fïka;=j
cd;sl wOHdmk wdh;kh'

fla' fla' jðud tia' lxldkïf.a fufKúh

iyldr lÓldpd¾h" .Ks; fomd¾;fïka;=j
cd;sl wOHdmk wdh;kh'

iïm;a odhl;ajh(
Ô' mS' tÉ' c.;a l=udr uhd fcHIaG lÓldpd¾h" .Ks; fomd¾;fïka;=j"
cd;sl wOHdmk wdh;kh'

tï' ks,añKs mS' mSßia ñh fcHIaG lÓldpd¾h" .Ks; fomd¾;fïka;=j

cd;sl wOHdmk wdh;kh

tia' rdfÊkaøï uhd fcHIaG lÓldpd¾h" .Ks; fomd¾;fïka;=j

cd;sl wOHdmk wdh;kh'

iS' iqfoaYka uhd iyldr lÓldpd¾h" .Ks; fomd¾;fïka;=j"

cd;sl wOHdmk wdh;kh'

mS' úcdhsl=ud¾ uhd iyldr lÓldpd¾h" .Ks; fomd¾;fïka;=j"

cd;sl wOHdmk wdh;kh'

fla'fla'jcSud tia' lxldkïf.a fuh iyldr lÓldpd¾h" .Ks; fomd¾;fïka;=j"

cd;sl wOHdmk wdh;kh'

l;D uKAv,h (
fla' .fkaI,sx.ï uhd úY%dñl m%Odk jHdmD;s ks,Odß
cd;sl wOHdmk wdh;kh

ù' rdcr;akï uhd úY%dñl wdpd¾h

v
à' isoïnrkdoka uhd úY%dñl wdpd¾h

tka' wd¾' iynkaÿ uhd úY%dñl wdpd¾h

tÉ' ã' iS' tia' m%kdkaÿ uhd .=re fiajh" úfõydkkao úµd,h" fld<U 13

tia' Ô' fod¨ùr uhd .=re fiajh" fjIa,s úÿy,

fld<U 09

mrs.Kl joka ieliSu ( fudksld úfÊfldaka"

újD; mdi,
cd;sl wOHdmk wdh;kh

bf¾Id rx.kd Èidkdhl fukúh

uqøKd,h
cd;sl wOHdmk wdh;kh

msgljrh ( B' t,a' ta' fla' ,shkf.a uhd

uqøKd,h
cd;sl wOHdmk wdh;kh

wkqId ;rx.kS ñh
uqøKd,h
cd;sl wOHdmk wdh;kh

úúO iydh ( tia' fyÜáwdrÉÑ uhd

.Ks; fomd¾;fïka;=j

fla' tka' fiakdks ñh

.Ks; fomd¾;fïka;=j

wd¾' tï' rEmisxy uhd

.Ks; fomd¾;fïka;=j

vi
 fmrjok

wOHdmk fmdÿ iy;sl m;% ^Wiia fm<& fY%aKsj, ixhqla; .Ks;h bf.kqu ,nk isiqka
mqyqKq ùu i|yd fuu fmd; ilia lr we;' isiqkag m%udKj;a wNHdi ,nd §u i|yd;a" úIh
Odrdj ye±rE miq úNd.hg iqodkï lsÍu msKsi wNHdi lrùfï wruqfKka fuu fmd;
ilia lr we;' fuh wdo¾Y m%Yak m;% lÜg,hla fkdjk nj;a wNHdi m%Yakj, tl;=jla
nj;a isiqka .=rejreka jgyd .; hq;=hs'

fuu wNHdi m%Yak lÜg,fha wNHdi l< miq § we;s ms<s;=re iu. ;ukaf.a ms<s;=re
ii|d ne,sh yels h' fuys § we;s wdldrfha u ish¨u mshjr isiqkaf.a ms<s;=rej, ;sìu
w;jYH fkdfõ' Tfí ms<s;r= ej, ksjerÈ;djh ne,Sug;a mshjr ksjerÈj wkq.ukh lsÍug
u. fmkaùula f,i fuys ms<s;=re § we;s nj jgyd .kak'

fuu wNHdi m%Yak lÜg,h j¾I 2017 isg l%shd;aul jk ixfYdaê; úIh ud,djg wkqj
2019 wjqreoafoa m%:u jrg w'fmd'i ^W'fm<& úNd.hg fmkS isák isiqka b,lal lrf.k
ilia lr we;' kuq;a ixhqla; .Ks;h" Wiia .Ks;h" .Ks;h jeks úIhka yodrK ;ukaf.a
úIhOdrdjg wkqj m%Yak lÜg,h Ndú; l< yels h'

cd;sl wOHdmk wdh;kfha .Ks; fomd¾;fïka;=j úiska t<s olajk w'fmd'i ^W'fm<&
i|yd jq m%:u wNHdi m%Yk
a lÜg,hg wu;rj iaÓ;slh - I iaÓ;s;h - II" ixhql;
a .Ks;h I"
ixhqla; .Ks;h II i|yd tall wkqj ilia l< wNHdi m%Yak lÜg, blaukska t<s ±laùug
kshñ;h'

fuu fmdf;ys we;s wvqmdvq iïnOkaj woyia wm fj; fhduq lrkafka kï kej;
uqøKfha § ilia lsÍug yels fõ' Tfí woyia wm uy;a w.h fldg i,lk nj;a fuhska
okajd isáñ'

tia' rdfÊkaøï uhd

jHdmD;s kdhl
12 - 13 fY%aKs- .Ks;h

vii
 mgqk

msgqj

wOHlaI ckrd,a;=ñhf.a mKsúvh iii

wOHCI;=udf.a mKsúvh iv

úIhud,d lñgqj v - vi

fmrjok vii

ixhql;
a .Ks;h I - A fldgi 1-5

ixhql;
a .Ks;h I - B fldgi 6 - 12

ixhql;
a .Ks;h II - A fldgi 13 - 19

ixhql;
a .Ks;h II - B fldgi 20 - 28

mqyqKqùfï m%Yakdj,shg ms<s;=re 29 - 143

viii
 ixhqla; .Ks;h mqyqKqùfï m%Yakdj,sh (ms<s;=re iu`.)

ixhqla; .Ks;h I

A fldgi

 1   1
1' 2  x 2  2    x    14  0 úi`okak
 x   x

2' 3x  1  2  x  2 x  1 úi`okak

1
3'  
log 9 xy 2 
2
log 3 x  log 3 y nj fmkajkak

 log c a 
 b.sh ( log h a  
 log c b 

tkhska my; iu.dó iólrK úi`okak'

1
log 9 ( xy 2 ) 
2
log 3 x.log 3 y  3

4' f ( x)  3 x 3  Ax 2  4 x  B ; hhs is;uq' fuys A yd B ksh; fõ' (3 x  2), f ( x ) ys

idOl hhs o f ( x ) , ( x  1) ka fnÿ úg fYaIh 2 hhs o § we;'
(i) A ys yd B ys w.h fidhkak'
(ii) f ( x ) talc idOlj, .=Ks;hla f,i m%ldY lrkak'

5' f ( x)  x4  hx3  gx 2  16 x  12 hhs .ksuq' fuys h yd g ksh; fõ' (x  1 ), f ( x ) ys

idOlhla nj;a ( x  1) ka fn¥ úg fYaIh -24 nj;a § we;'
(i) hys yd g ys w.hka fidhkak'
(ii) ( x  2) " f ( x ) ys idOlhla nj fmkajd b;sß idOl fidhkak'
1 b2
6' ax  bx  c  0 iólrKfha uQ,  yd  fõ' x  2 
2  iólrKfha uQ, 
x ac
yd  weiqßka fidhkak'

7' x 2  bx  ca  0, yd x 2  cx  ab  0 iólrKj,g fmdÿ uQ,hla we;akï yd a,b,c

ish,a, fjkia kï iólrK foflys wfkla uQ, u.ska x 2  cx  bc  0 iólrKh
;Dma; lrk nj fmkajkak'

1
 ixhqla; .Ks;h mqyqKqùfï m%Yakdj,sh (ms<s;=re iu`.)

8' g ( x)  ax 2  2 x  (3a  2) kï x ys ish¨ ;d;a;aúl w.h i|yd g ( x ) Ok jk ays

w.h l=,lh fidhkak'
1
a úg ys y  g ( x ) m%ia;drfha o< igykla w¢kak'
3
12
9'  x  1 wiudk;dõ úi`ÿï l=,lh fidhkak'
x 3

10' 1  2 x  x  2  2 úi`okak'

11' .eyekq <uhs y;r fofkl= yd msßñ <uhs y;r fofkl= fma<shl jdä lrúh yels
wdldr .Kk fldmuK o@
(i) úfYaI .eyekq <uhska fofofkl= tlg jdä fkdjk fia
(ii) lsis u .eyekq <uhska fofofkl= tlg jdä fkdjk fia jdä lrúh yels
wdldr .Kk fidhkak'

10
 2 2k  1
12' x   ys m%idrKfha x 2 mofha ix.=Klh mofha ix.=Klhg iudk jk
 x  x
k ys w.hka olajkak'

13' (1  2 x  kx 2 ) n ys m%idrKfha x 2 yd x 3 moj, ix.=Klh k yd n moj,ska fidhkak'

fuys n Ok mQ¾K ixLHdjls' x 2 yd x 3 moj, ix.=Klh ms<sfj<ska 30 yd 0 kï Kys
yd nys w.hka fidhkak'

14' Z  1  i 3 ixlS¾K ixLHdj i,lkak'

(i) Z yd Arg ( Z ) fidhkak'
(ii) Z 2 yd a  ib wdldrhg m%ldY lrkak fuys a, b  
(iii) Z 2  pz ;d;a;aúl jkfia p ;d;a;aúl ixLHdfõ w.hka fidhkak'
5
(iv) Arg ( z 2  qz )  jkfia jq q ;d;a;aúl ixLHdfõ w.h fidhkak'
6

15' Z1  1, Z 2  cos   i sin  (0     ) ixlS¾K ixLHd fol i,lkak' Z1 yd Z 2

ixlS¾K ixLHd fol wd.%kakqä igyfka ms<sfj<ska A yd B ,CIH u.ska ksrEmKh
lrkak' Z 1  Z 2 yd Z2  Z1 ixlS¾K ixLHd ksrEmKh lrk ms<sfj<ska C yd D
,CIH fidhkak' Tfí igyk Ndú;fhka
(i) Z1  Z 2 yd Arg ( Z1  Z 2 ) (ii) Z 2  Z1 yd Arg ( Z 2  Z1 ) fidhkak'
2 2
Z1  Z 2 + Z 2  Z1  f.ka iajdh;a; nj wfmdaykh lrkak'

2
 ixhqla; .Ks;h mqyqKqùfï m%Yakdj,sh (ms<s;=re iu`.)

sin x  sin a
16' (a) lim ys w.h fidhkak'
xa xa
(b) sin y  x sin( y  a ) kï
dy sin 2 ( y  a )
 nj fmkajkak'
dx sin a

tan x  sin x
17' (a) lim fidhkak'
x0 x3
(b) y  x n lnx kï
d2 y dy
x ys ish¨ w.h i|yd 2
 2  3x2 jk mßÈ nys w.h fidhkak'
dx dx

18' x  t  lnt yd y  t  lnt (t  0) kï

dy d2y
(i) (ii) t moj,ska fidhkak'
dx dx 2
d2y 8( x  y )
 nj o fmkajkak'
dx 2
( x  y  2)3

1 1
19' 
1 x 2
(1  x ) 2 iq`: lrkak'
1
x
tkhska  (1  x
0
2
)(1  x)2 fidhkak'

20' x  2(1  cos 2  ) wdfoaYh Ndú;fhka

3
x 2

2
4 x
dx w.hkak'

21' fldgia u`.ska wkql,kh Ndú;fhka

e
4x
.cos 3 x.dx fidhkak'

22' 3 x  2 y  24 ir, f¾Ldj y wCIh A ys § o x wCIh Bys § o yuqfõ' ABys ,ïn

iuÉfþolh ^0" -1& yryd x wCIhg iudka;r j weÈ f¾Ldjg C ys § yuq fõ' ABC
;s%fldaKfha j¾.M,h fidhkak'

3
 ixhqla; .Ks;h mqyqKqùfï m%Yakdj,sh (ms<s;=re iu`.)

5 5
23' iup;=ri%hl mdohl iólrKh x  2 y  0 hs' th iup;=ri%fha úl¾Kh  ,  ys
2 2
§ fÊokh lrhs' iup;=ri%fha b;sß mdoj, iólrK fidhkak'

24' ABC hkq AB = AC yd A  (0, 8) jk ;s%fldaKhls' ms<sfj,ska B yd C yryd

x  3 y  14 yd 3 x  y  2 .uka lrhs' ABC ;sf
% ldaKfha mdoj, iólrK fidhkak'

25' x cos   y sin   p  0 ir, f¾Ldj x 2  y 2  a 2  0 jD;a;h A ys § yd B ys §

fþokh lrhs' AB úl¾Kh jk jD;a;fha iólrKh fidhkak'

26' S hkq S  x2  y2  4x  2y  4  0 u`.ska fokq ,nk jD;a;hhs' P hkq P  (4, 2) ,CIH

hs'
(i) P ,CIHh S jD;a;hg msg;ska msysgk nj fmkajkak'
(ii) P isg S f;la weÈ iam¾Ylj, È. fidhkak'
(iii) P isg S f;la weÈ iam¾Ylj, iólrK fidhkak'

27' y wCIh iam¾Y lrk x wCIh u; tall 3l wka;# LKavhla iefok ish¨ u jD;a;j,
idOdrK iñlrKh fidhkak' tajdfha flakaø 4 x 2  4 y 2  9 iólrKh u`.ska fokq
,nk jl%h u; msysgk nj fmkajkak'

28' cos 6  cos 4  cos 2  1  0 úi|kak' fuys 0    

1 1 
29' 2 tan 1    tan 1    nj fmkajkak'
3 7 4

B c A
30' ABC ;s%fldaKhla i|yd iïu; wxlkfhka (b  c  a )(cot  cot )  2a cot
2 2 2
nj fmkajkak'

31' o uqjd¾ m%fïh m%ldY lrkak' tu m%fïh Ndú;fhka (1  3i ) 7

32' o uqjd¾ m%fïh Ndú;fhka idOkh lrkak'

(i) cos 3  4 cos 3   cos 
(ii) sin 3  3sin   4 sin 3 

4
 ixhqla; .Ks;h mqyqKqùfï m%Yakdj,sh (ms<s;=re iu`.)

33' jl%hl mrdñ;sl iólrKh x  t (1  t )2 yd y  t 2 (1  t ) fuu.ska t hkq ;d;aúl

1
mrdñ;s h ls ' t  1, jk úg  t (1  t ) , t (1  t )  ,CIfha § wkq l % u Kh
2 2
3
t (2  3t ) 1
nj fmkajkak' t  jk úg tu ,CIfha § iam¾Ylfha iólrKh
(1  t )(1  3t ) 2
fidhkak'

34' y  x ( x  3) iy x wlaIfhka jg jQ m%foaYfha j¾.M,h fidhkak'

35'

(i) wÿre lr we;s fldgfia j¾.M,h fidhkak'

(ii) tu wÿre lr we;s fldgi x wCI jgd N%uKh lsÍfuka iEfok jia;=fõ mßudj
fidhkak'

5
 ixhqla; .Ks;h mqyqKqùfï m%Yakdj,sh (ms<s;=re iu`.)

B fldgi
1' (a) x 2  px  q  0 iólrKfha uQ,  yd  fõ'
(i) uQ,j, fjki 2 3 nj yd uQ,j, mriamrhkaf.a tl;=j 4 nj § we;'
p yd q .; yels w.h fidhkak'
2 2
(ii) p yd q weiqßka ix.=Kl olajñka" uQ,   yd   jk iólrKh
 
fidhkak'

x 2  3x  4
(b) ;d;a;aúl x i|yd g ish¨ w.h .; yels jk fia kg .; yels
5x  k
x 2  3x  4
w.h fidhkak' k  5 úg y  ys m%ia;drh w¢kak'
5x  k

2' (a) f ( x)   2 ( x2  x)  2 x  3  0 (  0) j¾. iólrKfha uQ,  yd  fõ'

  4
  iïnkaO;dj wkqj  yd  iïnkaO lrk  ys w.hka  , 
  3 1 2

12 2 2
jkafka kï yd uQ, jk iólrKh fidhkak' ish¨ x w.h i|yd
2 1
f ( x )  2 x jk fia  g ;sìh yels úYd,;u mQ¾K ixLHdj fidhkak'
2n 2n
1 1
.Ks; wyHqykfhka  ( 1)  
r 1
(b) nj fmkajkak'
r 1 r r  n 1 r

2r  3
3' (a) Nskak Nd.j,ska m%ldY lrkak'
r (r  1)
2 3
5 1 7 1 9 1
        ... fYa%Ksfha n jk moh Un ,shkak'
1.2  3  2.3  3  3.4  3 


U r  Vr  Vr 1 jk fia jQ Vr fidhkak' takhska U

n 1
n fidhkak'

U
n 1
r fYa%Ksh wNsidß fõ o@ Tfí ms<s;=r ;yjqre lrkak'

(b) y  2 x  1 iy y  x  1  1 Y%s; tlu rEm igykl w¢kak'

tau.ska 2 x  1  x  1  1 .úi|kak'

6
 ixhqla; .Ks;h mqyqKqùfï m%Yakdj,sh (ms<s;=re iu`.)

4' (a) msßñ <uhs ifofkla yd .eyeKq <uhs ifofkla fma<h

s l wyUq f,i wiqka .ks'
(i) .eyekq <uhs y fokd tlg wiqka .ks'
(ii) msßñ <uhs yd .eyekq <uhs udrefjka udrejg wiqka .ks' hk wjia:d j,
wiqka .; yels fjkia wdldr .Kk fidhkak'

(b) 0" 1" 2" 3" 5" 7" 8 ixLHdxlj,ska f;dard.;a iLHdxl y;rl ixLHd f.dv k`.hs'
(i) ixLHdj ;=< tl ixLHdxlj,g mqkrdj¾; úh'
(ii) ixLHdj ;=< tl ixLHdxlhla Ndú; l< yelafla tla jrla muKla kï
fldmuK ixLHd f.dvke.sh yels o@
(ii) wjia:dfõ fldmuK ixLHd .Kkla 5000gjeä yd foflka fnfoa o@

(c) Ok mQ¾K ixLHduh o¾Ylhla i|yd oaúmo m%fïhh m%ldY lr idOkh lrkak'
Ok mQ¾K ixLHdjla i|yd (1  x ) n yd ( x  1) n oaú mo m%idrK ,shd olajkak'
m%idrK 2ys u m<uq jHq;amkakh ie,lSfuka
1(n  1) nC12  2(n  2) nC2 2  ...  r.(n  r ). nCn 2  ...  (n  1).1. nCn12
(i)
 n 2 .2 n 2 Cn2
n n 1

(ii)  r. nCr . (n  1). nCr  n 2 .22n2 nj fmkajkak'

r 1 r 0

5' (a) Z 3  1 ys uQ, ;=k fidhkak'

Z 3  1 ys tl ixlS¾K uQ,hla  hhs § we;' 1      0 nj fmkajkak'
2

tkhska
 1
(i) 
 1 
2
(ii)  
2 1
3k 3k
    2 
(iii)     2   2, k T;af;a fõ'
  1    1
= + 2, k brÜfÜ fõ' nj fmkajkak'
1 3
(b) u  2i yd v   i ixlS¾K ixLHd fol i,lkak' u " v " uv "
2 2
u
v
" r (cos   i sin  ) fuys wdldrhg ,shkak'       
u
wd.kaâ igyfka u " uv yd ixlS¾K ixLHd ksrEmKh lrhs' ABC iumdo
v
;s%fldaKhla nj fmkajkak'

7
 ixhqla; .Ks;h mqyqKqùfï m%Yakdj,sh (ms<s;=re iu`.)

4 n 1
 1 i 
6' (a)   " p  iq wdldrhg m%ldY lrkak' fuys p, q  ; yd n Ok mQ¾K
 1 i 
ixLHdjls'
1 ys >k uq, 1,  ,  2 nj fmkajkak'
2 2
fuys   cos  i sin fõ'
3 3
tkhska  x  2   1 iólrKh úi`okak'
3

 2  5  2 
6
(i) 2
 729

(ii)  p  q  p  q   p 2  q   p3  q 3
 a  b  c 2 
(iii)  2 
  njo fmkajkak'
 b  c  a 

(b) wd.kaâ igyfka P ( x, y ) ,CIh Z  x  iy ixlS¾K ixLHdj ksrEmKh lrhs'

fuys x, y  
Z  3  3i  2 nj § we;' Pys m:h fidhkak' wd.kaâ igyfka o<
igykla wÈkak'

;j o 0  A rg  Z  3  3i   jkafka kï fuu wjYH;d 2 u imqrd,k wd.kaâ
3
igyfka m%foaYh w`ÿre lr olajkak' fuu m%foaYfha Z úYd,;u w.h
fidhkak'
cos 4 x  cos 2 x
7' (a) (i) lim
x 0 x2
tan 2 x  2sin x
(ii) lim fidhkak'
x 0 x3

1
(b) y  sin 1
x 1
2  
, Z  sec1 x x  2 hhs § we;'

dy
(i) cos y.   cos ec 2 z
dz
dy x2
 0
(ii) dz x 2

1 x  2 2
 nj fmkajkak'

8
 ixhqla; .Ks;h mqyqKqùfï m%Yakdj,sh (ms<s;=re iu`.)

(c) lïìhla iu oaúmdo ;s%fldaKhl yevhg kud we;' ;s%fldaKh wka;¾.; lrk
j¾.M,h Wmßu jkafka th iumdo ;s%fldaKhla jk úg nj fmkajd tu
Wmßu j¾.M,h fidhkak'

d
8' (a) f ( x)  sin 2 x kï m%:u uQ,O¾uj,ska  f ( x)  2 cos 2 x nj fmkajkak'
dx
dn  n 
n 
.Ks; wNHqyk uQ,O¾uh Ndú;fhka sin 2 x   2n sin   2x
dx  2 
nj fmkajkak'
1
(b) f ( x)  1  fuys x  0, 2
x  2x
2

f ( x ) m%ia;drfha yereï ,CIH fidhkak' m<uq wjl,kh Ndú;fhka muKla

y  f ( x ) ys m%ia;drfha o< igykla iam¾fYdakauqL yd Wmßu fyda wju fyda
^we;akï& olajñka w¢kak' tkhska"

(i) y  f ( x)
1
(ii) y hk m%ia;drj, o o< igykla w`Èkak'
f ( x)

1
9' (a) 1  x  x2 2

 1 Nskak Nd.j,ska m%ldY lrkak'

dx
tkhska  1  x  x 2 2

 1 fidhkak'

(b) sin x  cos x  t hhs § we;' sin 2x t moj,ska m%ldY lrkak'


4
sin x  cos x
by; wdfoaYh Ndú;fhka  9  16 sin 2 x dx
0
w.hkak'

 
2 2
cos x sin x
(c) I  dx, J   dx
0
a cos x  b sin x 0
a cos x  b sin x
(i) aI  bJ fidhkak'
(ii) I yd J ys ;j;a talc iïnkaO;djla ,ndf.k I yd Jys w.hka fidhkak'

9
 ixhqla; .Ks;h mqyqKqùfï m%Yakdj,sh (ms<s;=re iu`.)

a a

10' (a) 
0
f ( x )dx   f (a  x)dx nj idOkh lrkak'
0


x sin x 2
0 1  cos2 x dx  4 nj fmkajkak'

(b) fldgia u`.ska wkql,kh Ndú;fhka

x.e x
 (1  x)2 dx fidhkak'
(c) y  x f¾Ldfjka yd y  x (2  x ) jl%fhka im¾hka; j¾.M,h fidhkak'

11' (a) ABCD iDcqfldaKdi%h uq`Mukska u m<uq jD;a; mdofha msysgd we;' ADys
iólrKh x  y  4  0 yd AC iólrKh 3 x  y  8  0 fõ'
ABys È. 2 2 fõ'
(i) ABys iólrKh fidhkak'
(ii) Bys Lxvdxl fidhkak'
(iii) BD, x  3 y  7  0 iudka;r kï BC yd CDys iólrK fidhkak'

(b) (2, 0) yd (0, -1) ,CIHh yryd hk S=0 jD;a;fha idOdrK iólrKh
   4) 
S  x2  y 2    x     1 y    0 nj fmkajkak' fuys  mrdñ;shls'
 2 
tkhska
(i) (1, -1), (2, 0) yd (0, -1) ,CIH yryd hk S1  0 jD;a;fha iólrKh
fidhkak'

(ii) S1  0 u`.ska ksrEmKh lrk moaO;sfha S 2  0 jD;a;fha mßêh

S1  0 u`.ska iuÉfÊokh lrhs kï S 2  0 ys iólrKh fidhkak'

(iii) S  0 u`.ska ksrEmKh lrk moaO;sfha jD;a; 2la tlsfkl m%,ïnj

fÊokh lrhs kï 12  4 nj fmkajkak' fuys 1 yd 2 hkq
jD;a;j,g wkqrEm mrdñ;s fõ'

10
 ixhqla; .Ks;h mqyqKqùfï m%Yakdj,sh (ms<s;=re iu`.)

12' (a) ABC ;s%fldaKfha C fldaKfha wNHka;r fldaK iuÉfþolh x  4 y  10  0

yd B yryd hk uOHia:h 6 x  10 y  59  0 fõ' Ays LKavdxlh (3, -1) fõ'
(i) Bys yd Cys LKavdxl
(ii) ABC ;s%fldaKfha mdoj, iólrK
(iii) B yryd AC g ,ïn f¾Ldfõ iólrKh fidhkak'

(b) S3  0 jD;a;h S1  3 x 2  3 y 2  6 x  1  0 " S 2  x 2  y 2  2 x  4 y  1  0

jD;a; 2ys fþok ,CIH yryd hñka S1  0 flakaøh yryd .uka lrhs' S3  0 ys
iólrKh fidhkak' S3  0 yd S 2  0 jD;a; tlsfkl m%,ïnj iuÉfþokh
lrk nj i;Hdmkh lrkak'
S1  0 ys flakaøh § S3  0 jD;a;hg weÈ iam¾Ylfha iólrKh o fidhkak'

13' (a) my; iólrKj, idOdrK úi÷ï fidhkak'

(i) (2sin x  cos x)(1  cos x )  sin 2 x
(ii) 2 tan x  sec 2 x  2 tan 2 x
1
2 cos 2   2 cos 2 2  cos 2  cos 4 nj idOkh lr cos36  cos72  2
0 0
(b)
0
nj wfmdaykh lrkak' tkhska cos 360 yd cos 72 ys w.hka fidhkak'

(c) iïu; wxlkfhka ABC ;s%fldaKh i|yd kS;sh m%ldY lr idOkh lrkak'
ABC ;s%fldaKh i|yd iïu; wxlkfhka

a2  b2 b2  c2 c2  a2
(i)    0 nj fmkajkak'
cos A  cos B cos B  cos C cos C  cos A

(ii) A  450 yd B  750 kï a  2c  2b nj fmkajkak'

14' (a) (i) 2(cos x  cos 2 x)  sin 2 x(1  cos x)  2sin x úi|kak'
  x   fõ'
 1  1  1  1  3  1  1 
(ii) tan 1    tan    tan    tan  
 x 1   x 1  5 3
fuys (2  x  4) iólrK úi|kak'

(b) (1  m)sin(   )  (1  m) cos(   ) kï

   
tan      m cot     nj fmkajkak'
4  4 

11
 ixhqla; .Ks;h mqyqKqùfï m%Yakdj,sh (ms<s;=re iu`.)

(c) iïu; wxlkfhka ABC ;%f s ldaKhla i|yd fldaihska kshuh m%ldY lr idOkh
lrkak'
ABC ;%sfldaKfhys AH, BCg ,ïnl AH=Pfõ

A
b  c 
2
 a 2  2ap cot nj fmkajkak'
2

a 4  b 4  c 4  2c 2 (a 2  b 2 ) kï C  450 fyda 1350 nj idOkh lrkak'

 3 1
15' (a) A  2  2 kHdihla hhs is;uq'
 1 2 
A2  5 A  7 I  0 nj fmkajkak" I hkq fojk .Kfha tall kHdih hs'
tkhska A1 fidhkak' ;j o fojk .Kfha B kHdih BA=C jk mßÈ fõ
kï fuys B fidhkak'
 9 4 
C  
 6 16 
(b) x  y  a iy x  y  b iólrK u.ska x iy y iïnkaO ù we;' A, X, B kHdi
úg" fuu iólrKh AX = B wdldrfhka ,shd olajkak'
A -1 fidhkak'
2  p
thska a , b weiqfrka fidhkak' A    B f,i § we;' fiùfuka  A2 
1

q
f;drj" kHdi muKla Ndú; lr a iy b weiqfrka p, q fidhkak'

12
 ixhqla; .Ks;h mqyqKqùfï m%Yakdj,sh (ms<s;=re iu`.)

ixhqla; .Ks;h II

A fldgi

1. tlsfklg 10kmla wE;ska msysá A yd B kï ÿïßh ia:dk folla w;r ÿïßhla Odjkh
fõ' th u wdrïNl m%fõ.fhka A isg .uk wrUd uq,a ;;amr 40la ;=< 1ms-2 taldldr
;ajrKhlska .uka lr fõ.h 60 ms-1g <`.d fõ' B<`. ;;amr T ;=< tu fõ.h
1 2
mj;ajd f.k bka wk;=re j ms taldlr ukaokfhka .uka lr B ys § ksYp
a ,;djg
2
meñfKa'
(i) ÿïßfha p,s;h i|yd m%fõ.-ld, m%ia;drhla w¢kak'
(ii) m%ia;drh Ndú;fhka u iy T fidhkak'

2. A kï wxY=jla u m%fõ.fhka .=re;ajh hgf;a isria j by<g m%lafIamKh flf¾' A

s ug <`.d jk úg fjk;a B kï wxY=jla 2u m%fõ.fhka tu ia:dkfhka
tys by< u msyà
u isria j by<g m%lafIamKh flf¾'
(i) tl u rEm igyfka A yd B wxY=j, p,s;h i|yd m%fõ.-ld, m%ia;dr w¢kak'
(ii) B m%lafIamKh l< fudfydf;a isg wxY= fol yuq ùug .; jk ld,h fidhkak'

3. tla kejla 2u kmh-1 fõ.fhka kef`.kysr ÈYdjg .uka lrk w;r fojk kejla
ol=Kska 300 kef`.kysr ÈYdjg u kmh-1.fõ.fhka .uka lrhs' oj,a 12'00g m<uq jk
kej fojk kefõ isg lsf,daógr d km ÿßka ol=Kq ÈYdfõ Èia fõ'
(i) B g idfmalaI j Ays m%fõ.h fidhkak'
(ii) keõ fol w;r we;s jk wvq u ÿr iy ta i|yd .; jk ld,h ks¾Kh lrkak'

4. rEmfha olajd we;s mßÈ iqug ;sria fïihla u;

A(m)
ksYap, j we;s ialkaOh m jQ A wxY=jla" fïi
odrfha jQ wp, iqug lmamshla u;ska o ¨yq iqug
C lmamh
s la háka o hjd" iS,sfï jQ wp, ,laIhlg
.eg .eiQ ¨yq wú;kH ;ka;=jlg wE|d we;' C
lmamsh ialkaOh M jQ B wxY=jla orhs' moaO;sh C
ks Yap,;dfjka uqod y< miq j C lmam sfha
;ajrKh;a" ;ka;=fõ wd;;sh;a fidhkak' B M

5. ;;amr t ld,fha § wxY=jl msysgqï ffoYslh jk r hkak r  a cos nt i  b sin ntj

hkafkka fokq ,efnhs' a , b , ( a  b ) iy n hkq ksh; fõ i iy j hkq Ox, Oy
Tiafia talc ffoYsl o fõ' m%fõ. ffoYslh v iy ;ajrK ffoYslh a fidhkak'
ths k a m% f õ. ffoYs l h ;a j rK ffoYs l hg ,ïnl jk ld,h fidhka k '
v .v .  n 2  a 2  b 2  r . r 
13
 ixhqla; .Ks;h mqyqKqùfï m%Yakdj,sh (ms<s;=re iu`.)

6. ialkaOh 1200 kg jk fudag¾ r:hl 24 kmh-1 l ksh; m%fõ.fhka ;sria ud¾.hl

.uka lrhs' r:fha p,s;hg tfrys m%;sfrdaOh 600N fõ'
(i) r:fha tkaðfï cjh lsf,dafjdÜj,ska fidhkak'
(ii) bka miq r:h ;srig  wdk;shla we;s lkaol by<g .uka lrhs' fuys
1
sin   o .=re;ajdl¾IK n,h yer 600N ksh; m%;sfrdaOhla p,s;hg
24
tfrys j l%shd lrhs' tkaðu 30 kW cjfhka l%shd lrkafka kï fudag¾ r:fha
m%fõ.h
20 ms-1 jk úg tys ;ajrKh .Kkh lrkak'

7. ;;amrhla ;=< 0.1m3 c,h msg l< yels yrialv j¾.M,h 100 cm2 jQ k<hlska c,h
msg jk m%fõ.h 10 ms-1 nj fmkajkak' fuu k<h ;=<ska 12m Wilg c,h Tijd
10 ms-1 m%fõ.fhka c,h msg lrk tkaðul cjh .Kkh lrkak' ^>¾IKh
fkdi,ld yßkak'&

8. ialkaOh M jQ ;=jlal=jla iqug mS,s u; ia:dk.; lr we;' tys fjä ;nk ÈYdj mS,s
Tiafia fjhs' ;=jlal=jg idfmalaI j v m%fõ.hlska ialkaOh m jQ WKavhla msg lrk
,È' ;=jlal=fõ wdfrdayK fldaKh  kï WKavfha wdrïNl p,k ÈYdj ;srig
M  m 
tan 1  tan   fldaKhla idok nj fmkajkak'
 M 

9. ms<sfj<ska ialkaOh m, 2m, iy 3m jQ A, B yd C wxY= ;=kla ;sria fïihla u; tu

ms<sfj<g u ;nd we;' wkqhd; wxY= folla w;r ÿr a fõ' È. 2a jQ ¨yq wú;kH
;ka;=jlska A yd B .eg .id we;' fujeks u ;j;a ;ka;=jlska B yd C hd lr we;'
A wxY=j CBA ÈYdjg v m%fõ.fhka m%lafIamKh lrk ,È' C p,kh wrUk m%fõ.h
.Kkh lrkak' C .eiaiSulska hqla; j p,kh ùu wrUk fudfydf;a ;ka;=j, BC
yd AB we;s jk wdfõ.S wd;;s w;r wkqmd;h 3:1. nj fmkajkak' ;j o C p,kh
ùug mgka .;a miq ydks jk uq`M Yla;sh fidhkak'

10. ms<sfj<ska ialkaO m iy 4m jQ A iy B kï taldldr l=vd iqug f.da, folla

ms<sfj<ska 2u iy 6u m%fõ.j,ska tlsfkl foig p,kh fõ' f.da, w;r m%;Hd.;s
1
ix.=Klh fõ'
2
(i) .egqfuka miq Bys m%fõ.h .Kkh lrkak'
(ii) tla f.da,hlska wfklg ixl%uKh jQ .uH;dj .Kkh lrkak'

14
 ixhqla; .Ks;h mqyqKqùfï m%Yakdj,sh (ms<s;=re iu`.)

11. ms<sfj<ska ialkaO m yd 4m jQ A yd B wxY= folla ;sria iqug fïihla u; p,s;hg

ksoyia j we;' m<uq j A, u m%fõ.fhka p,kh ù ksYap,;dfõ we;s B iu`. ir,
f,i .efÜ' .egqfuka miq Ays ÈYdj m%;sj¾; fõ' wxY= fol w;r m%;Hd.;s ix.=Klh
e fõ' .egqu isÿ jQ jyd u A yd B wxY=j, m%fõ. i|yd m%ldYk ,nd .kak' wk;=re
j we; sj k p , s; f h aB isria iqug ì;a;shl .eà fmd<d mkshs' ì;a;sh B ys p,s;hg
4
,ïnl fõ' B yd ì;a;sh w;r m%;Hd.;s ix.=Klh fõ' A yd B w;r fojk
5
1 9
.egqula we;s fjhs kï e nj fmkajkak'
4 16

12. isria lkaol Wi 73.5m fõ' A yd B .,aleg folla" lkao uqÿfka isg ;sriaj 28ms-
1.
m%fõ.fhka A .,a legh o ta fudfydf;a u lkao mduq, isg ;srig  wdfrdayKhlska
hqla; j 35 ms-1. m%fõ.fhka B .,a legh o m%lafIam lrkq ,efnhs' .,a leg fol
tlu isria ;,fha ksoyfia p,kh fjñka .=jfka § .efghs' .,a leg fofla ;sria
p,s;h i,lñka
4
(i) cos   nj fmkajkak'
5
(ii) .,a leg m%lafIam l< fudfydf;a isg tajd .efgk fudfyd; olajd jQ ld,h
.Kkh lrkak ^ g = 9.8ms-2 f,i .kak'&

a
13 m%laCIsma;hla m%lafIamK ,laIHfha isg a ;sria ÿrlska o isria Wilska o m;s;
2
jk mßÈ 2ag m%fõ.fhka m%lafIamKh lrk ,È' úh yels m%lafIamK fldaK
.Kkh lrkak' fuu .uka ud¾. fol Tiafia p,s;hg .; jk ld,h w;r wkqmd;h
fidhkak'

14. È. a o m%;Hdia: udmdxlh 2mg o jQ AB kï ;ka;=jl A fl<jrl wp, ,laIHhlg

3g
we|d we;' B fl<jfrys ialkaOh m jQ wxY=jla .eg .id fldaKsl m%fõ.fhka
4a
;sria jD;a;hla f.jd hdug i,iajd we;' ;ka;=fõ ú;;sh;a ;ka;=j iy ;sri w;r
fldaKfha fldaihskhka fidhkak'

15. isria ;,hl iú lr we;s wrh 0.6m, jk iqug j<,a,l ialkaOh 2kg jk iqug
mn¿jla r`ojd th j<,a, Èf.a ksoyfia p,kh jk mßÈ ;nd we;' mn¿j j<,af,a
by< ,laIfha ;nd w; yeßh úg my< u ,laIhg meñKs úg fõ.h fidhkak' ;j
o mn¿j yd j<,a, w;r m%;sl%shdj Y=kH jk ,laIhg j<,af,a flakaøh yryd hk
uÜgfï isg we;s Wi fidhkak' (g = 10ms-2)

15
 ixhqla; .Ks;h mqyqKqùfï m%Yakdj,sh (ms<s;=re iu`.)

16. wxY=jla ir, f¾Ldjla u; ir, wkqj¾;s p,s;hl fhfohs' flakaøfha isg wxY=j
1.2m iy 0.9m ÿßka msysgk úg wxY=fõ m%fõ. ms<sfj<ska 0.9ms-1 iy 1.2ms-1 fõ'
wxY=fõ úia;rh iy foda,k ld,dj¾;h fidhkak'

17. m ialkaOh we;s wxY=jla iajdNdúl Èk a iy m%;Hdia: udmdxlh 2mg jk m%;Hdia:

;ka;=jl uOH ,laIHhg iïnkaaO lr ;ka;=fõ fofl<jr tlsfklg 2a ÿßka msysá
isria f¾Ldjla u; msysá ,laIH follg iïnkaO lr iu;=,s;;dõ ;nd we;'
iu;=,s;;dõ ;ka;= fldgia fol u we`§ mj;S kï iy wxY=jg l=vd úia:dmkhla ÿka
úg wxY=j ir, wkqj¾;s p,s;fha fhfohs kï wxY=fõ foda,k ld,dj¾;h fidhkak'

18. ABC hkq mdohl È. 2a jQ iumdo ;%sfldaKhls'` p, 2 p yd 3 p hk n, ms<sfj<ska

  
AB, BC yd CA Tiafia l%shd lrhs'
C
(i) n, moaO;sfha iïm%hqla; n,fha úYd,;ajh
3p 2p
yd ÈYdj ks¾Kh lrkak'
(ii) iïm%hqla; n,fha l%shd f¾Ldj Èla l< BA
fþokh lrk ,laIHhg A isg we;s ÿr
A
ks¾Kh lrkak' p B

19. ABCD hkq RcqfldaKdi%hls' AB = 4a, yd BC = 3a. fõ' 2 p, 4 p, 6 p, 7 p yd 5 p hk

    
n, ms<sfj<ska AB, BC , CD, DA yd AC Tiafia l%shd lrhs'

moaO;sh hq.auhlg W!kkh jk nj fmkajd hq.aufha >q¾Kh fidhkak' BC Tiafia
l%shd lrk n,h bj;a l< úg kj n, moaO;sfha iïm%hqla; n,fha úYd,;ajh" ÈYdj
iy l%shd f¾Ldj fidhkak'

20. È. 2a o ialkaOh w o jQ taldldr AB oKavl A, wp, ,laIHhlg iú lr we;' Bys

1  3 
l%shd lrk úYd,;ajh P jQ n,hla u`.ska há isri iu`. tan   fldaKhla
4
idoñka fuu oKav iu;=,s;;dõ ;nd we;' n, ;%sfldaKh Wmfhda.S lr .ksñka
(i) Pys n,h ;sria j we;s úg Pys úYd,;ajh fidhkak'
(ii) Pys wju w.h iy túg tys ÈYdj fidhkak'

16
 ixhqla; .Ks;h mqyqKqùfï m%Yakdj,sh (ms<s;=re iu`.)

21. wrh 9cm o ialkaOh W o jk f.da,hla ;srig 300 lska wdk; iqug ;,hla u;
iu;=,s;;dõ mj;shs' fuu f.da,fha u;=msg ,laIHhlg .eg .id we;s ;ka;=jl
wfkla fl<jr f.da,fha yd ;,fha iam¾Y ,laIHfha isg 12cmla wE;ska wdk;
;,fha jQ ,laIHhlg .eg .id we;' f.da,h u; l%shd lrk n, ,l=Kq lrkak'
f.da,fha iu;=,s;;dj i|yd n, ;%sfldaKhla w¢kak' tu`.ska
(i) ;ka;=fõ wd;;sh
(ii) ;,fhka f.da,hg we;s jk m%;sl%shdj fidhkak'

22. Èl a o nr w o jk AB, BC yd CA iudk taldlr o~q ;=kla iqug j ikaê lr ABC

;%sfldaKh idod we;' fuu rduq iels,a, isria ;,hla u; AC ;sria j isák mßÈ Ays
yd C ys § iqug wdOdrl folla u; r|jd we;' AC g by<ska B msysgd we;' nr W
a
jQ ialkaOhla AB u; jQ D ,laIHfha § .eg .id we;' fuys AD  fõ' B ikaêfha
3
m%;sl%shdj fidhkak'

23. rduq iels,a,la rEmfha olajd we;s mßÈ

D A
ieye,a¨ o~q y;rlska iukaú; fõ'
AB = BC = CA = 2a, iy AD = a o fõ'
fuh isria ì;a;sh u; jQ
B yd D ,laIHj,g iqug j wijq lr we;'
C ys È W nrla t,a,d we;' BC ;sria fõ'
fnda wxlkh Wmfhda.S lrñka m%;Hn,
igyka we| tkhs k a tla tla oKa f â
m%;Hn,h fidhkak' B C

W
24 ;srig  fldaKhlska wdk; r¿ ;,hla u; ;nd we;s ialkaOh m jk wxY=jla u;
P n,hla ;,hg iudka;r j by<g fhdod we;af;a wxY=j my<g ,siaiSug wdikak
jk f,i mj;sk mßÈ h' wxY=j my<g ,siaik úg 3P n,hla tu wxY=jg ;,hg
iudka;r j by<g fhÿ úg wxY=j by<g p,s; ùug ierfia kï iy  hkq ;,h yd
wxY=j w;r >¾IK ix.=Klh kï 2   tan  nj fmkajkak'

17
 ixhqla; .Ks;h mqyqKqùfï m%Yakdj,sh (ms<s;=re iu`.)

25. nr W jk taldldr AB oKavla isria ;,hl T

iu;=,;
s ;dõ we;af;a rEmfha ±lafjk mßÈ h' isria
,Kqjla A ,laIHhg iïnkaO lr we;'
A
(i) W weiqfrka T w.h fidhkak'
(ii) iu;=,s;;dj i|yd  ys l=vd;u w.h
fidhkak' ^  hkq Bys È >¾IK ix.=Klh
300
fõ'& B
300

26. ta l dl dr OABCD wdia;rh la OACD

D C
RcqfldaKdi%hlska o ABC ;%sfldaKhlska o
iukaú; fõ'
a
OA = 2a, OD = a, AB = a kï
(i) wdia;rfha .=re;aj flakaøhg" OB yd OD
O 2a A a B
isg we;s ÿr fidhkak'
(ii) wdia;rh O f.ka t,a,d we;s úg OAB ;sri iu`. idok fldaKh fidhkak'

2 5 3
27. A yd B hkq isoaê folla kï P  B   , P  A  B  iy P  A B   .
3 8 4
P  B  , P  A  B  , P  A  iy P  A  B fidhkak'

28. (a) A yd B hkq P  A  0.3, P  B   0.4 f,i we;s tlla wfklska iajdh;a;
isoaê folls' A yd B iajdh;a; kï
(i) P  A  B
(ii) P  A  B fidhkak'
(b) hka;%hla u`.ska ksIamdokh lrk úÿ,s n,anj,ska 20% la fodaI iys; fjhs'
tjeks n,an f;d.hlska f;dard.;a n,an 4lska 3la krla ù ;sîfï iïNdú;dj
fidhkak'

29. <uhska 9 fofkl= ,nd.;a ,l=Kq my; olajd we;'

7, 11, 5, 8, 13, 12, 11, 9, 14
,l=Kqj,
(i) uOHkHh
(ii) uOHia:h
(iii) iïu; wm.ukh
(iv) l=ál;d ix.=Klh .Kkh lrkak'

18
 ixhqla; .Ks;h mqyqKqùfï m%Yakdj,sh (ms<s;=re iu`.)

30. fydag,hl kjd;eka .;a lsysm fofkl=f.a jhia ms<sn| f;dr;=rla my; jD;a; m;%
igyfkys ±lafõ'

0 2 (01)
1 1 5 7 9 (04)
2 1 3 8 9 (04)
3 2 3 3 5 6 6 7 9 9 9 9 (11)
4 0 5 7 7 8 9 (06)
5 8 (01)

2/3 hkq wjqreÿ 23 hs

(i) by; jhiaj, Wmßuh" wjuh iy ud;h fidhkak'

(ii) Q1 , ^m<uq jk - p;=¾:lh&" Q3 ^;=ka jk p;=¾:lh& iy uOHia:h fidhkak'

(iii) msg; msysàï Q1  1.5(Q3  Q1 ) yd Q3  1.5(Q3  Q1 ) u.ska olajhs kï msg;

msysàï lsisjla we;a ±hs úuikak'

19
 ixhqla; .Ks;h mqyqKqùfï m%Yakdj,sh (ms<s;=re iu`.)

B fldgi

(01) (a) ksYap,;djfha isg .uka wrUk P kï wxY=jla a taldldr ;ajrKhlska ir,
f¾Ldjla Èf.a .uka lrhs' ;;amr t ld,hlg miq ;j;a Q wxY=j la tu
3a
,laIHfha isg u wdrïNl m%fõ.fhka .uk wrUd taldldr ;ajrKhlska
2
p,kh fõ' P yd Q wxY= fol tl u ÈYdfõ p,kh ù tl u fõ,dfõ tlu
Wmßu fõ.hla ,nd .kS' Wmßu fõ. ,nd.;a ú.i P yd Q wxY= ms<sfj<ska a
yd 2a taldldr ukaokj,ska p,s; ù ksi, fõ' tl u rEm igykl P yd Q
i|yd m%fõ. ld, m%ia;dr w¢kak'
tu`.ska
(i) Wmßu fõ.h 3at  2u nj fmkajkak'
5t u
(ii) iuia; p,s;fha wxY= fol .uka l< ld, mr;rh  nj fmkajkak'
2 a
(iii) tla tla wxY=j .uka l< ÿr fidhkak'

(b) OA yd OB ir, f¾Çh ud¾. folla  iq`M fldaKhlska fþokh fõ' P

r:hla O isg OA ÈYdjg u taldldr fõ.fhka p,kh jk w;r" fojk Q
r:hla OB ÈYdjg V taldldr fõ.fhka p,s;h fõ' t = 0 § P r:h O isg
Q ÿßka o Q r:h Oys o we;' Q g idfmalaI j P ys m%fõ.h fidhkak'
av sin 
(i) r: fol w;r flá u ÿr nj fmkajkak' tu
u 2  v 2  2uv cos 
ÿfrys msysàug .; jQ ld,h fidhkak'

(ii) tajd flá;u ÿfrys msysgk úg O isg tajdg we;s ÿr w;r wkqmd;h
v  u cos  : u  v cos  nj o fmkajkak'

(02) (a) ialkaOh W jQ r:hl Wmßu cjh H fõ' jd;h yd >¾IKh wdÈfhka we;s jk

1  1 
ksh; m%;sfrdaê; n,h R fõ' r:h sin   wdk;shlska hq;= ud¾.hl Wvq
n
w;g v Wmßu fõ.fhka o my<g 2v Wmßu fõ.fhka o p,kh fõ.
W yd n weiqfrka R fidhkak' iu;,d u`.l r:fha Wmßu fõ.h u fõ.
u
by; wdk;sfhka hq;a ud¾.fha Wvq w;g fõ.fhka .uka lrk úg tys
2
Wmßu ;ajrKh fidhkak'

20
 ixhqla; .Ks;h mqyqKqùfï m%Yakdj,sh (ms<s;=re iu`.)

(b) tlsfklg ,ïn ÈYdjka Tiafia tall ffoYsl i yd j jQ ;,hl A yd B wxY=


p,kh ùug ks o yia h' A f.a fõ.h 3 i  2qj ms 1 o Bys fõ.h
 
v i  7 j m s  1 fõ' fuys v hkq ksh;hls' Ag idfmalaI j Bys fõ.h fidhd
 
ld,h t jk úg AB ffoYslh ;jo fidhkak' t = O, AB  56 i  8 j m  

iy wxY= tlsfkl .efghs kï vys w.h fidhkak' v = 3 jk úg AB

ffoYslh AB   6t  56  i  8(1  t ) j u`.ska ksrEmKh jk nj fmkajkak'
tu.ska A yd B wxY= fol tlsfklg <x jk úg t ys w.h fidhkak'

iqÿiq ffoYsl ;s;a .=Ks;h fh§u;a iy fidhd .;a t i|yd iy v = 3 kï AB
ffoYsl Bg idfmalaI Ays m%fõ.hg ,ïnl nj fmkajkak'

(03) (a) ialkaOh m yd 2m jk A yd B wxY= A B

folla ;ka;j
= k fofl<jr iïnkaO
lr rEmfha ±la fjk mßÈ iqu gj m 2m
p,kh úh yels ialkaOh M jk
lmamshlg iïnkaO lr ;nd we;' A
yd B ialkaO ;sri r`M ;, folla
u; ;nd we;s w;r iajdh;a; >¾IK
ix.=Kl ms<sfj<sk a  yd   fõ'
moaO;sh ksYp
a ,;djka w;yßkq ,efí' M
(i) ;ka;=fõ wd;;sh
2 Mmg  2      
nj fmkajkak'
 3M  8m 
(ii)   2   > kï p,s;h i|yd
 M  8m
 nj fmkajkak'
  2 2M

(b) ABCD ¨yq wú;kH ;ka;=jla wp, ,laIHlg A

iïnkaO lr we;af;a rEmfha mßÈ AB = BC = a
a
jk mßÈ h' iqug isria CD k,hla Ag my<ska
iú lr we;af;a ACD tl u isria f¾Ldfõ b B (m)
msysgk mßÈ iy AC = b jk mrÈ h' ;ka;=fõ D
fl<jr l=vd k,h ;=<k s a ialkaOh m jk wxY=jla
ord isáhs' wxY=jg k,h ;=<ska .uka l< fkdyels a
w;r B ,laIHh ialkaOh m jk wxY=jla iïnkaO c
lr ACjgd ksh; fldaKsl m%fõ.fhka ;sria D
O
jD;a; p,s;hl fhfohs kï
km

21
 ixhqla; .Ks;h mqyqKqùfï m%Yakdj,sh (ms<s;=re iu`.)

;ka;= fldgia fofla wd;;s iy D ys § k,h u`.ska wxY= u; we;s lrk isria
n,h o fidhkak' ;j o w2 ab  2 g (a  kb) nj fmkaj kak ' ;ka;=j
fkdlefvk mßÈ ;ka;=j ±ßh yels Wmßu wd;;sh  mg kï p,s;h mej;Su
i|yd    k  b  2a nj fmkajkak'

(04) (a) iudk m ialkaO iys; A, B, yd C wxY= ;=kla AB = BC = d jk mßÈ iqug ;sria
fïihla u; ir, f¾Ldjl msysgk fia ;nd we;' Bys ÈYdjg u m%fõYfhka
A m%lafIamkh lrhs' B o ta fudfydf;a u C foig u m%fõ.fhka fïih Èf.a
m%lafIam lrkq ,efí' ljr fyda wxY= folla w;r m%;Hd.;s ix.=Klh e kï
(i) A, B iu`. .eàug .; jQ ld,h fidhkak'
(ii) by; .egqu isÿjk ;=re A p,s; jQ ÿr fidhkak'
(iii) B yd C w;r ;j;a .egqula we;s jk nj fmkajkak'

(b) ialkaOh m jQ P wxY=jla flakaøh O iy wrh a jQ wp, l=yr f.da,hl iqug

we;=¿ mDIaGh u; O flakaøh wvx.= isria jD;a;hl p,kh fõ' wxY=j f.da,fha
my;a u ,laIHfha u ;sria m%fõ.fhka m%lafIamKh lrkq ,efí' fuys
u 2  2ag fõ' OP Wvq isri iu`.  fldaKh idok úg wxY=fõ m%fõ.h v
o f.da,h iy wxY=j w;r wNs,ïn m%;sl%shdj Rfõ' V yd R i|yd m, a, u,  yd
g weiqfrka m%ldYk ,nd .kak' u 2  5ag kï f.da,fha Wmßu ,laIHhg
<`.dùug fmr wxY=j f.da,fhka wE;a jk nj fmkajkak' wxY=j f.da,fhka
bj;a jk úg cos  ys w.h u, a yd g weiqfrka fidhkak' wxY=j A ,laIHfha
§ f.da,fhka wE;a ù m%lafIams; u`. AB úIalïNfha jk mßÈ Bys § yuq fõ
kï OA isri iu`. 450 idok nj fmkajd túg uys w.h fidhkak'

(05) (a) wxY=jla ;sria fmdf<djg h ÿrla by<ska msysá ,laIHhl isg  wdfrdayK
fldaKhlska m%lafIamKh flfrhs' wxY=j ;sria fmdf<dj u; m%lafIamK
,laIHfha isg 2h ;sria ÿrlska m;s; fõ' m%lafIamK m%fõ.h g,  yd h
weiqfrka fidhkak' wxY=j ìu m;s; jk úg tys p,s; ÈYdj ;sri iu`.  ,
fldaKhla idohs kï tan   1  tan  nj fmkajkak'

(b) M ialkaOfhka yd  wd;;shlska hq;a l=[a[hla  fldaKh iys; wdk;

;,hla u; ;nd we;af;a l=[a[fha Wvq uqyqK; ;sria jk mßÈ h' wdrïNfha §
moaO;sh ksYap,;dfõ ;sfnk úg ialkaOh M iys; wxY=jla l=[a[fha iqug
Wvq uqyK
q ; u; ;nkq ,efí' moaO;sh ksYap,;dfjka uqod yeßh miq j l=[[
a fha
;ajrKh fidhkak'
M ( M  m) g cos 
l=[[
a fha iy wdk; ;,h w;r m%;l
s sh
% dj nj fmkajkak'
M  m sin 2 

22
 ixhqla; .Ks;h mqyqKqùfï m%Yakdj,sh (ms<s;=re iu`.)

(06) A yd B hkq iqug fïihla u; 8l wE;ska msysá ,laIH folls' wxY=jla"

fl<jrla A g iú lr we;s iajdNdúl È. 2l o m%;Hdia: udmdxlh  o we;s
;ka;=jlg o" Bg fl<jrla iúlr we;s iajdNdúl È. 3l o m%;Hdia: udmdxlh
4  o we;s fjk;a ;ka;=jlg o we|d we;' M hkq ABys uOH ,laIH fõ' wxY=j
2l
M yd B w;r msysá O ,laIHfha § iu;=,sj mj;shs' OM  nj fmkajkak'
11
wxY=j M ,laIHfha w,a,d ;nd uqod yeßh úg th ir, wkqj¾;S p,s;hl
3l
fhfok nj fmkajd foda,k ld,dj¾;h fidhkak' wxY=j M isg ÿrlska
11
wE;s C ,CIfha § B foig p,kh jk úg tys m%fõ.h .Kkh lrkak'

(07) ialkaOh m jQ wxY=jla iajdNdúl È. 6a o m%;Hdia: udmdxlh 3mg o iys;

;ka;=jl tla fl<jrlg iú lr we;' ;ka;=fõ wfkla fl<jr ;srig 300
fldaKhlska wdk; jQ iqug wdk; ;,hla u; msysá O kï ,laIHhl iú lr
we;' ;ka;=j wdk; ;,fha jeä;u nEjqï f¾Ldj Èf.a ;sfnk mßÈ wxY=j wdk;
;,h u; msysá C kï ,laIHhl ksi, j we;' OC È. l=ula o@ wxY=j ;jÿrg;a

2a olajd nejqu Èf.a my,g weo iSrefjka w;yßkq ,efí' t ld,fha § C isg

gx
wxY=jg we;s ÿr x kï Yla;s ixia;;s kshuh Ndú;fhka 
x   0 nj
2a

fmkajkak'

(08) (a) ABC hkq mdohl È. 2a jQ iumdo ;%sfldaKhls' ABC;%sfldaKfha ;,fha l%shd
M
lrk n, moaO;shl A, B, yd C ,laIH jgd >Q¾K ms<sfj<ska M , iy 2M
2
7 M
fõ' fok ,o n, moaO;sfha iïm%hqla;fha úYd,;ajh nj fmkajd
12 a
iïm%hqla;fha ÈYdj AB iu`. idok fldaKh fidhkak' iïm%hqla;fha l%shd
f¾Ldj AB mdoh Dys § lmhs kï AD fidhkak'

(b) ieye,a¨ wú;kH ;ka;=jl tla fl<jrla wrh a jQ taldldr nr f.da,hl

mDIaGh u; jQ ,laIHhlg iú lr we;' ;ka;=fõ wfkla fl<jr r`M ì;a;shl
msysá ,laIHhlg iú lr we;' tu ,laIHlg isria j my<ska jQ h ÿrlska jQ
,laIHh iam¾Y lrñka f.da,h ksi, j mj;shs' f.da,h ì;a;sfha my<g ,siaid

23
 ixhqla; .Ks;h mqyqKqùfï m%Yakdj,sh (ms<s;=re iu`.)

hk wjia:dfõ we;' ì;a;sh yd f.da,h w;r >¾IK ix.=Klh  kï ;ka;=j

isri iu`. idok fldaKh fidhkak'
h W
 o f.da,fha nr W o kï ;ka;f
= õ wd;;sh 1   2 nj fmkajkak'
2a 2

(09) (a) ABCDEF hkq mdohl È. 2a jQ iúê Ivdi%hls' P, P , Q yd 3P N nj

  
ms<sfj<ska DA, CE yd AE mdo Èf.a l%shd lrhs'
(i) moaO;sh hq.auhlg W!kkh fkdjk nj fmkajkak'
(ii) Q  3 P jk úg moaO;sfha iïm%hqla;h fidhkak'
(iii) iïm%hqla;fha l%shd f¾Ldj AB mdoh G ys§ lefma kï AG fidhkak'

(b) nr W jk AB iy BCtaldldr o`vq folla Bys § ksoyia f,i wijq lr we;'

moaO;sh A fl<jr § iqug j ksoyia f,i wijq lr my< msysá C fl<jr
;sriaj P n,hla fhdod we;' iu;=,s; msysàfï § AB oKav há isri iu`. 300

W 3
fldaKhla idohs kï BC isrig ork wdk;sh fidhkak' P  nj
2
fmkajd Bys È iïm%hqla;h fidhkak'

(10) (a) nr ms<sfj<ska 3W yd W jQ iudk È.ska hq;a taldldr AB yd AC o~q folla Ays
§ iqug f,i ikaê lr we;' B yd C fl<jrj,a r`M ;sria ;,hl /f|k fia
tajd isria ;,hl iu;=,s; j we;' Bys yd C ys § >¾IK ix.=Klh  fõ'
R yd S hkq ms<sfj<ska ABys iy ACys § ;,fhka u;=jk wNs,ïn m%;sl%shd

o BAC  2 o kï
5 3
(i) R w, S  w nj fmkajkak'
2 2
Qys w.h ìkaÿfõ isg jeä jk úg B yd C fl<jr foflka iSudldÍ
wjia:djg meñfKkafka l=uk ,laIHh ±hs fidhkak'
3
(ii) tan   nj fmkajd tla oKavla u`.ska wfkla oKav u; we;s lrk
2
m%;sl%shdj isri iu`. tan 1 (3 ) fldaKhla idok nj fmkajkak'

(b) fmkajd we;s rduq iels,af,ys BC = 6a o A ,laIHfhka t,a,d we;af;a BC

;sria j isák mßÈ Bys § my<g iy BD ,ïnj l%shd lrk n,hla u`.sks' 60N
iy 40N nr

24
 ixhqla; .Ks;h mqyqKqùfï m%Yakdj,sh (ms<s;=re iu`.)

C iy D ,laIHj,ska t,a,d we;' A wiùfï § n,fha úYd,;ajh yd ÈYdj

fidhkak' fnda wxlkh Ndú;fhka m%;Hn, igykla we| o~qj, m%;Hn,j,
úYd,;ajh fidhkak' B C

w;r f;rmqï hkak y÷kajd fokak' 300 300
0
(i) Bys n,h 60 60N
(ii) wiùfï m%;sl%shdfõ úYd,;ajh
D
yd ÈYdj
40N
(iii) fnda wxlkh Ndú;fhka m%;Hn,
igykla we| o~qj, m%;Hn,j,
úYd,;ajh fidhd tajd f;rmqï o
hk j. olajkak'

A

(11) (a) i , j hkq ms<sfj<ska Ox yd Oy wlaI Tiafia jQ tall ffoYsl fõ' F1  3 i  4 j >
F2   i  6 j > F3  3 i  3 j n, r1  2 i  3 j , r2  6 i  j , r3  3 i  2 j
hk msysgqï ffoYsl iys; ,laIHhkays § l%shd lrhs' iïm%hqla; n,h R iy
tys l%shd f¾Ldfõ ldàish iólrKh fidhkak' moaO;shg isjqjeks F4 ,n,hla
o n,j, ;,fha l%shd lrk >Q¾Kh G hq.auh o tl;= l< úg moaO;sh
iu;=,s;;dõ mj;S kï F4 iy G fidhkak'

  

(b) ABC ;%sfldaKfha n,  BC ,  CA yd  AB ms<sfj<ska BC, CA yd AB mdo
Tiafia ls%hd lrhs      kï yd tkï muKla n, moaO;sh hq.auhl
W!kkh jk nj fmkajkak'

(c) M kg ialkaOh  wd;;sfhka hq;a ;,h Èf.a by<g p,kh lrùug wjYH
wju n,h P hkak P  Mg sin(   ) nj fmkajkak' fuys  hkq wxY=j yd
;,h w;r >¾IK fldaKh hs' ialkaOh ;,h Tiafia by<g p,kh lsÍug
wjYH ;,hg iudka;r wju n,h P sec  nj fmkajkak'

(12) (a) wrh a o nr W o jk taldldr jD;a;dldr ;eáhla tla tla ;,h  fldaKhlska
wdk; jQ r`M wdk; ;, folla u; ish ;,h isria jk mßÈ ksi, j mj;shs'
;,j, fþok f¾Ldj ;eáfha ;,hg ,ïn fõ' tla tla iam¾Y ,laIHfha §
>¾IK ix.=Klh  kï ;eáfha flakaøh jgd ;eáfha ;,h lerleùug
Wa
 
wjYH hq.auh >Q¾Kfha wju w.h 1   2 cos  nj fmkajkak'

25
 ixhqla; .Ks;h mqyqKqùfï m%Yakdj,sh (ms<s;=re iu`.)

(b) >K;ajh  o" wrh r o Wi jk Rcq >k fla;=jl jl% mDIaGh wrh 4r o
>K;ajh  jk >k w¾O f.da,hl jl% mDIaGh yd iumd; lsÍfuka >k
jia;=jla idod we;' tu >K jia;=fõ .=re;aj flakaøhg jl% mDIaGfha isg we;s
r 16   3 
8  2    
ÿr nj fmkajkak'

   kï >k jia;=j ;, mDIAG iïnkaO jk udhsfï ,laIHhlska t,a¨ úg

>k jia;=fõ isrig wdk; jk fldaKh fidhkak'

3a
(13) wrh a >k w¾O f.da,hl .=re;aj flakaøh" flakaøfha isg ÿrlska mj;sk
8
nj fmkajkak' >k w¾O f.da,Sh md;%hla idod we;af;a wrh 2a jk >k w¾O
f.da,hlska wrh a jk >k w¾O f.da,hla ydrd bj;a lsÍfuks' >k w¾O f.da,
foflys u flakaøh O kï md;%fha .=re;aj flakaøhg O isg we;s ÿr fidhkak'

(i) md;%h msg; odrfha ,laIHhl t,aÆ úg ;, uqyqK; ;sri iu`. idok
1  112 
fldaKh  kï   tan   nj fmkajkak'
 45 

(ii) ;srig  fldaKhlska wdk; ;,hla u; jl% mDIaGh .efgñka md;%h

iu;=,s;fõ we;akï yd ;,h iam¾Yh ,siaid hdu je<elaùug ;rï r`M
kï  ys Wmßu w.h fidhkak'

(14) (a) ëjrfhla bßod Èkj, uiqka we,a,Su i|yd ;u ksjig ióm jQ ia:dk ;=klska
tllg hdu isß;ls' Tyq bßod Èkl § uiqka we,A,u
S i|yd uqyoq g hdfï iïNdú;dj
1 1 1
o .`.g hdfï iïNdú;dj o ú,g hdfï iïNdú;dj o fõ' Tyq uqyqog
2 4 4
.sh úg uiqka we,a,Sug we;s yelshdj 80] o .`.g .sh úg uiqka we,a,Sug we;s
yelshdj 40] o ú,g .sh úg uiqka we,a,Sug we;s yelshdj 60] o fõ'
(i) bßod Èkj, Tyq uiqka we,a,Sfï yelshdfõ iïNdú;dj l=ula o@
(ii) t<fUk bßod ojia 3lska hg;a msßfihska bßod ojia foll § j;a uiqka
w,a,d ;sîfï iïNdú;dj l=ula o@
(iii) tla;rd bßod ojil ud`Mka we,a,Sfuka f;dr j wdmiq .sfha kï Tyq
ud`Mka we,a,Su i|yd tÈk ia:dk ;=klska l=uk ia:dkhlg f.dia ;sîug
jeä yelshdjla ;sfí o@
(iv) ieu bßodjl u ud`Mka we,a,Su i|yd hk Tyqf.a ñ;%hl= fuu ia:dk
;=klg u ud`Mka we,a,Su i|yd hdfï iïNdú;d iudk fõ' B<`.g
t<fUk bßod ojia ;=fkka tla ojil § j;a Tjqka fofokd yuq ùfï
iïNdú;dj l=ula o@

26
 ixhqla; .Ks;h mqyqKqùfï m%Yakdj,sh (ms<s;=re iu`.)

(b) l¾udka; Yd,djl isák fiajlhka ixLHd iy Tjqkag mehlg f.jk ,o

fõ;k ms<sn| f;dr;=re my; j.=fjys ±lafõ'

fõ;kh$mehlg fiajl ixLHdj

^remsh,a&
900 - 800 14
800 - 700 44
700 - 600 96
600 - 500 175
500 - 400 381
400 - 300 527
300 - 200 615
200 - 100 660

(i) mehlg f.jkq ,nk fõ;kfha uOHhkh

(ii) iïu; wm.ukh
(iii) uOHia:h
(iv) l=ál;d ix.=Klh fidhkak'
(v) jHdma;sfha yevh ±laùug o< jl%hla w¢kak'

3 1
(15) (a) l%svd iudchl idudðlhkaf.ka la jeäysáhka jk w;r <uhsfj;s'
4 4
3 3
jeäysáhkaf.ka la yd <uhskaf.ka la msßñ fj;s' jeäysá msßñkaf.ka
4 5
1 1
la o .eyekqkaf.ka la o tys msyskqï ;gdlh Ndú; lr;s' <uhska i|yd
2 3
4
wkqrEm wkqmd;h ish¨ .eyekq msßñ <uhs i|yd fõ'
5

(i) iudcfha idudðlhl= msysgqï ;gdlh mßyrKh lrk flfkl= ùfï

iïNdú;dj fidhkak'
(ii) msyskqï ;gdlh mßyrKh lrkakl= .eyekq wfhl= ùfï iïNdú;dj
fidhkak'
(iii) msyskqï ;gdlh mßyrKh lrkakl= msßñ <uhl= ùfï iïNdú;dj l=ula
o@
(iv) msyskqï ;gdlh mßyrKh fkdlrk idudðlhl=" jeäysáhl= fyda .eyekq
whl= fyda ùfï iïNdú;dj l=ula o@

27
ixhqla; .Ks;h mqyqKqùfï m%Yakdj,sh (ms<s;=re iu`.)

(b) ck.ykhl n1 m%udKhla msßñ o n2 m%udKhla .eyekq o wvx.= fj;s' msßñkaf.a

Wfiys uOHkHh 1 o .eyekqkaf.a Wfiys uOHkh 2 o kï úp,;dj  12
iy  2 2 kï uq`M ck.ykfha uOHkHh Wi 1 w1  2 w2 iy úp,;ajh
n1
w1 12  w2 22  w1 w2  1   2  nj fmkajkak' fuys w1 
2
and
n1  n2

n2
w2  fõ'
n1  n2
<uhs 20 fokl=f.ka iukaú; lKavdhul ,l=Kqj, uOHkh 40 o iïu;
wm.ukh 5 o fõ' ;uka .Kkfha È 15 hk ,l=K 50 f,i jerÈhg tl;= lr
we;' ksjerÈ uOHkHh iy iïu; wm.ukh fidhkak' <uhs 30 fofkl=f.ka
hq;a fjk;a lKavdhul ,l=Kqj, uOHkHh yd iïu; wm.ukh ms<sfj<ska
40.25 iy 8 kï <uhs 50 fokl= iys; lKavdhfï uOHkHh iy iïu;
wm.ukh fidhkak'

28
 ixhqla; .Ks;h mqyqKqùfï m%Yakdj,sh (ms<s;=re iu`.)

ixhqla; .Ks;h I
A fldgi

 1   1
1. 2  x 2  2    x    14  0
 x   x
1
Let y  x 
x

1
x2   y2  2
x2
2( y 2  2)  y  14  0
2 y 2  y  10  0
(2 y  5)( y  2)  0

5
y fyda y  2
2

1
x  2 1 5
x x 
x2  2 x  1  0 x 2
2x2  5x  2  0
2  8
x 5  41
2 x
x  1  2 4

2. 3x  1  2  x  2 x  1
1 1
x iy x  2 iy x 
3 2
1
x2
2
j¾. lsÍfuka

(3 x  1)  (2  x)  2 (3x  1)(2  x)  2 x  1
2  (3 x  1)(2  x)
4  (3x  1)(2  x)
3x 2  5 x  2  0
(3 x  2)( x  1)  0

29
 ixhqla; .Ks;h mqyqKqùfï m%Yakdj,sh (ms<s;=re iu`.)

2
x fyda 1
3
x  1 kï L.H.S = 4  1  2 1  1
R.H.S = 1 1
L.H.S = R.H.S
2 2 1
x kï R.H.S = 3 
3 3 3
1
L.H.S =
3
R.H.S = L.H.S
2
tkhska x fyda 1
3

3.  
log 9 xy 2  log 9 x  log 9 y 2

log 3 x log 3 y 2
 
log 3 9 log 3 9
log 3 x 2 log 3 y
 
2 2
1
 log 3 x  log 3 y
2

log 3 x  a f,i o log 3 y  b f,i o i,luq'

1 1 1
log 9 ( xy 2 )  ab 
2 2 2
a  2b  1 (1)
log 3 x.log 3 y   3 ab  3 (2)

(1) yd (2) ka
b(1  2b)  3
2b 2  b  3  0
(2b  3)(b  1)  0

3
b kï a  2 b  1 kï a  3
2

1  x  27 
x  
9  fyda 1 
y 
y  3 3  3 

30
 ixhqla; .Ks;h mqyqKqùfï m%Yakdj,sh (ms<s;=re iu`.)

4. f ( x)  3 x 3  Ax 2  4 x  B
 2 8 4A 8
f       B0
 3 9 9 3
4 A  9 B  16 (1)
f ( 1)  3  A  4  B  2
A B 1 (2)

(1) yd (2)ka A = 5, B = 4

3x3  5 x 2  4 x  4  (3x  2)( x 2  x  2)

 (3 x  2)( x  2)( x  1)

5. f ( x)  x 4  hx3  gx 2  16 x  12

f (1)  1  h  g  16  12  0
h g 5 (1)
f (1)  1  h  g  16  12  24
h g 3 (2)

(1) yd (2) ka h = 4, g =  1
f ( x )  x 4  4 x 3  x 2  16 x  12
f (2)  16  32  4  32  12  0
( x  2) hkq f ( x ) ys idOlhls

f ( 1)  1  4  1  16  12  0
( x  1) hkq f ( x ) ys idOkhls'
x 4  4 x 3  x 2  16 x  12  ( x  1)( x 3  3 x 2  4 x  12)
 ( x  1)( x  2)( x 2  5 x  6)
 ( x  1)( x  2)( x  2)( x  3)

6. ax 2  bx  c  0
b c
     ,  
a a

1 b2
x2 
x ac
 b2 
x2    2  x  1  0
 ac 

31
 ixhqla; .Ks;h mqyqKqùfï m%Yakdj,sh (ms<s;=re iu`.)

     2 
x 
2
 2  x 1  0
  
 

  
x2     x  1  0
  
   
x  x    0
   
 
x fyda
 

7. x 2  bx  ca  0, x 2  cx  ab  0 iólrKj, fmdÿ uQ,h  f,i i,luq'

 2  b  ca  0 (1)
 2  c  ab  0 (2)

a (b  c)
(1) - (2)  a
(b  c)
 ,  hkq (1) ia:dkfha uq, kï
  ca iy   a tkï   c
 ,  hkq (2)ys uq, kï
  ab iy   a tkï   b
    b tkï a  c  b
 iy  uQ, jYfhka we;s j¾. iólrKh
( x   )( x   )  0
x2  (   ) x    0
x2  (b  c) x  bc  0
x2  ax  bc  0

8. g ( x)  ax 2  2 x  (3a  2)
x ys ;d;a;aúl w.hka i|yd g ( x ) Ok ùug
a  0 iy   0
a  0 iy 4  4a (3a  2)  0
3a 2  2a  1  0
(3a  1)(a  1)  0

32
 ixhqla; .Ks;h mqyqKqùfï m%Yakdj,sh (ms<s;=re iu`.)

1
a  1 fyda a  3

1
a  0 fyhska a  3

 1
úi÷ï  x : x  , x  
 3
1 1 2
a úg g ( x )  x  2 x  3
3 3

1
  x 2  6 x  9 
3
y
1
 ( x  3) 2
3

(0,3)

x
O
(3,0)

12
09.  x 1
x 3

12
 ( x  1)  0
x 3
( x 2  2 x  15)
 0
x3
( x  5)( x  3)
 0
x 3

( x  5)( x  3)( x  3)  0( x  3)

3  x  3 yd x  5

33
 ixhqla; .Ks;h mqyqKqùfï m%Yakdj,sh (ms<s;=re iu`.)

10. 1 2x  x  2  2
x  2 úg 1  2 x  ( x  2)  2
x  1 úi÷ï ke; (1)
1
2  x  úg 1  2 x  ( x  2)  2
2
3 x  1  2
x  1
1
úi÷ï 1  x  (2)
2
1
x úg (1  2 x )  ( x  2)  2
2
1  2 x  x  2  2
x5
1 (3)
 x5
2
1  x  5

tu ksid úi÷ï   x : x  R, 1  x  5

11. <uhska 8 fokd jdäúh yels wdldr .Kk 8!

8! = 40 320
(i) i|yka l< .eyekq <uhska fofokd tl <`. jdä úh yels wdldr .Kk 2  7!

úfYaI .eyekq <uhska fofokd tl <`. jdä úh fkdyels wdldr .Kk

8! 2  7!
 7!(8  2)
 7! 6  30240

(ii) msßñ <uhska 4 fokd jdä úh yels wdldr .Kk  4!

* * * *
 B1  B2  B3  B4 

.eyekq <uhs 4 jdä úh yels wdldr 5  4  3  2  5!

jdä úh yels uq`M wdldr .Kk
 4! 5!  2880

34
 ixhqla; .Ks;h mqyqKqùfï m%Yakdj,sh (ms<s;=re iu`.)

10
 2 2k 
12. x  
 x 
r
 2k 
Cr  x 2 
10  r
Tr 1  10
 
 x 
 10
C r (  2 k ) r x 20  3 r
x 2 :ys ix.=Klh iemhSfuka 20  3r  2
r6

x 2 ys ix.=Klh :
10
C6 ( 2 k ) 6

x 1 ix.=Klh : 20  3r  1
r7

x 1 ix.=Klh
10
C7 (2k )7

10
C6 ( 2 k ) 6  10C7 ( 2 k ) 7
10! 10!
( 2 k ) 6  ( 2 k ) 7
6! 4! 7! 3!
7
k
8

13. (1  2 x  kx 2 ) n

 1  x(2  kx)
n

 1  nC1 x(2  kx)  nC2 x 2 (2  kx)2  nC3 x3 (2  kx)3  ...

x 2 ys ix.=Klh : k . n C 1  4. n C 2
 nk  2 n ( n  1)

x 3 ys ix.=Klh : 4 k . n C 2  8. n C 3
4n( n  1)( n  2)
 2n( n  1) k 
3
nk  2 n( n  1)  30 (1)
4 n ( n  1)( n  2) (2)
2 n ( n  1) k  0
3
2( n  2)
(2) ka k 0
3

35
 ixhqla; .Ks;h mqyqKqùfï m%Yakdj,sh (ms<s;=re iu`.)

 2 n ( n  2)
(1) g wdfoaYfhka  2n( n  1)  30
3
2n 2  n  45  0
(2n  9)(n  5)  0

n  5 > n Ok ksÅ,hla neúka

n  5 iy k  2

14. Z  1  i 3

 1 3  2 2 
 2    i   2  cos  i sin 
 2 2   3 3 
2
Z  2, Arg ( Z ) 
3
 
2
Z 2  1  i 3  2  i 2 3

 
Z 2  pz   2  i 2 3  p  1  i 3  
 (2  p )  i  3p  2 3

Z 2  pz ;d;a;aúl neúka , 3 p  2 3  0; p2

Z 2  qz  (  2  q )  i  3q  2 3 
3( q  2) 5 1
 tan 
 ( q  2) 6 3
q4

15. OA  z  1

OB  cos   i sin   1 D B C
OACB iudka;rdi%hls
C u`.ska Z1  Z 2 ksrEmKh fõ' 
2


OA  OB neúka OACB frdïnihls O

2

A
OD  AB , OD AB g iudka;r fõ' (1, 0)
D, u`.ska Z2  Z 1 ksrEmKh fõ'

36
 ixhqla; .Ks;h mqyqKqùfï m%Yakdj,sh (ms<s;=re iu`.)


Z1  Z 2  OC  2 cos
2

Arg ( Z1  Z 2 ) 
2


AB  Z 2  Z 1  2sin
2
 
Arg ( Z 2  Z 1 )  
2 2
2 2
Z1  Z 2  Z 2  Z 1
2 2
   
  2 cos    2sin   4
 2  2

sin x  sin a
16. (a) lim
xa xa

 x  a)   x  a) 
2 cos   sin  
 2   2 
 lim
xa  x  a) 
2 
 2 
 x  a) 
sin  
 x  a)   2 
 lim cos   
xa
 2   x  a) 
 
 2 
 cos a

(b) sin y  x. sin( y  a ) (1)

x úIfhka wjl,kfhka
dy dy
cos y.  x. cos( y  a ).  sin( y  a )
dx dx
sin y
(1)ka x
sin( y  a )

37
 ixhqla; .Ks;h mqyqKqùfï m%Yakdj,sh (ms<s;=re iu`.)

dy sin y dy
cos y.  . cos( y  a ).  sin( y  a )
dx sin( y  a ) dx
 sin y. cos( y  a )  dy
cos y  sin( y  a )  dx  sin( y  a )
 
sin a dy
.  sin( y  a )
sin( y  a ) dx
dy sin 2 ( y  a )

dx sin a

tan x  sin x
17. (a) lim
x0 x3

sin x(1  cos x)

 lim
x 0 cos x.x 3
sin x 1  cos x 1
 lim  2

x 0 x x cos x
x
2 sin 2
sin x 2  1  1 1  1  1
 lim  2
x 0 x  x  cos x 2 2
4 
2

(b) y  x n .lnx

dy 1
 x n .  lnx.n.x n 1
dx x
dy
x.  x n  n.lnx.x n
dx
dy
x.  x n  ny
dx
d 2 y dy dy
x. 2   n.x n 1  n.
dx dx dx
2
d y dy
x. 2  (1  n)  n.x n 1
dx dx

tu ksid n  3

38
 ixhqla; .Ks;h mqyqKqùfï m%Yakdj,sh (ms<s;=re iu`.)

18. x  t  lm t y  t  lm t
dx 1 dy 1
 1  1
dt t dt t
t 1 t 1
 
t t
dy
dy dt t  1
  (1)
dx dx t  1
dt

d2y d  dy 
2
  
dx dx  dx 

d  dy  dt
  
dt  dx  dx
d  t 1  t
  
dt  t  1  t  1
2t

(t  1) 3

x y
kï t 
2

d2y x y 8( x  y )
 
dx 2
 x y 
3
( x  y  2) 3
  1
 2 

1 1
19. 
1 x 2
(1  x ) 2


1  x 2  1  x 2 
1  x 2 1  x 2
2x

 
1  x 1  x 
2 2

1 
1 1
x 1 1

0 
1  x 2 1  x 
2
dx 
2  0 1  x 2
 dx   1  x  
2
dx

39
 ixhqla; .Ks;h mqyqKqùfï m%Yakdj,sh (ms<s;=re iu`.)

1
1 1 
  tan 1 x 
2 1  x  0
1  1 1  
  tan 1    0  1
2  2 
1  1 1 
 tan 1  
2  2
1  1   1
   
2  4 2  8 4

20. x  2(1  cos 2  )


x  2, 
2

x  3, 
4
dx
 4 cos  .sin 
d
3
x2

2
4 x
dx


4
2 cos 2 
 
 2sin 2 
.(4 cos  .sin  .d )
2

4
cos 
  sin  .(4 cos  .sin  )d
2
 
2 2
  4 cos  d  2  1  cos 2  d
2

 
4 4

 sin 2  2
 2  
 2  
4

     1 
 2   0      
 2   4 2 

 1
2

40
 ixhqla; .Ks;h mqyqKqùfï m%Yakdj,sh (ms<s;=re iu`.)

21. I   e 4 x . cos 3 xdx, J   e 4 x . sin 3 x.dx f,i i,luq

sin3x sin3x
I   e4 x .cos3xdx  e4 x .   4e4 x dx
3 3
3I  4 J  e 4 x . sin 3 x (1)
  cos3x    cos3x 
J   e4 x .sin 3xdx  e4 x .      4e dx
4x

 3   3 
4 I  3 J  e 4 x . cos 3 x (2)
1 4x
(1) yd (2) ka I  e (3 sin 3 x  4 cos 3 x)
25

22. A  (0,12), B  (8,0) y

M  ( 4,6)
2 A
MC f¾Ld iñlrKh y  6  ( x  4)
3
3 y  2 x  10  0
M
13
C ys§ y  1, x
2
13 O B x
C  ( ,1)
2 C

ÿr AB  82  122  208

441
ÿr MC  (4  13)  (6  1)   49
2 2

1 637 364
;%sfldaKfha j¾.M,h   208  
2 4 4
= 91 j¾. tall

41
 ixhqla; .Ks;h mqyqKqùfï m%Yakdj,sh (ms<s;=re iu`.)

23. AB:ys iólrKh x  2 y  0 D C

5 5
P , 
2 2
PN ,ïnl neúka AB g
P
5
5
2 5
PN  
5 2
DCg iudka;r neúka AB N B
A
DCys iólrKh x  2 y  k  0 .
5
P isg CDg we;s ,ïn ÿr neúka
2
5
5 k
2 5

5 2

2k  5  5, k  5 or 0
CDys iólrKh x  2 y  5  0
BC iy AD f¾Ld x  2 y  0 f¾Ldjg ,ïnl fõ'
BC iy AD f¾Ldj, iólrK 2 x  y  d  0 wdldrh fõ'

5
P ; isg ,ïnl ÿr
2

5 5
2   d
2 2 5

5 2
d  10,5
tu ksid iólrK 2 x  y  5  0, 2 x  y  10  0

A
24. AB = AC neúka AD BC g ,ïnl fõ'
uOHia: ;=k yuq jk ,laIHh G.
A  (0,8)
BE : x  3 y  14 F E
CF : 3 x  y  2
G

B D C

42
 ixhqla; .Ks;h mqyqKqùfï m%Yakdj,sh (ms<s;=re iu`.)

G  ( 2,4), D  ( x0 , y0 )
AG : GC  2 : 1
2 x0  0 2 y0  8
 2, 4
2 1 2 1
D  ( x0 , y0 )  (3,2)
1
BC iólrKh y2 ( x  3)
2
2 y  x 1  0
BC : 2 y  x  1  0 
 B  (5,3)
BE : 3 y  x  14  0

BC : 2 y  x  1  0 
 C  (1,1)
CF : 3 x  y  2  0
AB ys iólrKh y  3  1( x  5)
y  x 8  0
AC ys iólrKh y  1  7 ( x  1)
y  7x  8  0

25. S  x2  y2  a2  0
l  x cos   y sin   p  0 A

A yd B yryd hk l=uk jD;a;hl jqj o iólrKh
x 
 y 2  a 2   x cos   y sin   p   0
2

f,i ,súh yelsh' B

  cos  sin  
fuys flakaøh   , 
 2 2 
AB jD;a;fha úIalïNh neúka
  cos   sin  
 , , ,laIH x cos   y sin   p  0 f¾Ldj u; msysghs'
 2 2 
 cos   sin 
 . cos   . sin   p  0
2 2
  2p
wjYH jD;a;fha iólrKh
x 2

 y 2  a 2  2 p  x cos   y sin   p   0

43
 ixhqla; .Ks;h mqyqKqùfï m%Yakdj,sh (ms<s;=re iu`.)

26. flakaøh C  (2,1) T

P  (4,2)
wrh  4  1  4  1
C
P
CP  4  22  2  12  5
(1) CP  1, P ,laIH S g msg;ska msysghs
(11) PT  CP 2  12  5  1  2
iam¾Ylfha iórlKh y  mx  c f,i i,luq
fuh P(4, 2) yryd hk neúka

2  4m  c
y  mx  (2  4m)
y  mx  (2  4m  0
CT  1
1  2 m  2  4m
1
1  m2
2m  1  1  m 2
2m  12  m 2  1

4
m  0 or 3
If m  0 > C=2
4 10
If m  > C
3 3
iam¾Ylj, iólrK y  2, iy 3 y  4 x  10  0

27. jD;a;fha iólrKh x 2  y 2  2 gx  2 fy  c  0

flakaøh (  g , f ) iy wrh } g2  f 2  c
C isg y wlaIhg we;s ,ïn ÿr jD;a;fha wrhg iudk úh hq;=hs

g
 g2  f 2  c
1
g2  g2  f 2  c C
c f2
A M
iólrKh x2  y 2  2gx  2 fy  f 2  0

44
 ixhqla; .Ks;h mqyqKqùfï m%Yakdj,sh (ms<s;=re iu`.)

AC 2  AM 2  MC 2
2
3
g2  f 2  f 2     f 2
2
9
g2  f 2 
4
idOdrK iólrK
 9
x 2  y 2  2 f 2   x  2 fy  f 2  0
 4

 9 
flakaøh   f 2  , f
4


 

9
x0   f 2  , y0   f
4

2 9 2
x0  y0 
4
2 2
4 x0  4 y0  9

( x0 , y0 ) ys m:h 4 x 2  4 y 2  9

28. cos 6  cos 4  cos 2  1  0 (o     )

2 cos 5 .cos   2 cos 2   0

2 cos  (cos 5  cos  )  0
4 cos  .cos 3 .cos 2  0
cos   0 cos 3  0 cos 2  0
  
  2n  3  2n  2  2n  ;n
2 2 2
   5  3
 ;  , , ;  ,
2 6 2 6 4 4
    3 5 
  , , , , 
6 4 2 4 6 

45
 ixhqla; .Ks;h mqyqKqùfï m%Yakdj,sh (ms<s;=re iu`.)

1
29. tan 1    A f,i i,luq
3
1
tan A  ,
3
2 tan A 3
tan 2 A  
1  tan A 4
2

 3
0  2A  , 2 A  tan 1
4 4
1  1 
Let tan    B
7
1 
tan B  iy 0  B 
7 4
1 1
2 tan 1    tan 1  
3 7

 2A  B iy 0  2 A  B 
2
3 1

tan 2 A  tan B  4 7 1
tan(2 A  B)  3 1
1  tan 2 A.tan B 1 
4 7


2A  B 
4
1 1 
2 tan 1    tan 1   
3 7 4

46
 ixhqla; .Ks;h mqyqKqùfï m%Yakdj,sh (ms<s;=re iu`.)

a b c bca
30.   
sin A sin B sin C sin B  sin C  sin A

a bca

sin A sin B  sin C  sin A
a bca

A A  BC   BC  A A
2 sin cos 2sin    cos    2 sin cos
2 2  2   2  2 2
a bca

A  BC  A
sin cos    sin
2  2  2
a bca

A  BC   BC 
sin cos    cos  
2  2   2 
a bca

A B C
sin 2sin .sin
2 2 2
a A bca A
.cos  .cos
A 2 B C 2
sin 2sin .sin
2 2 2
 BC 
sin  
A  2 
2a cot  (b  c  a)
2 B C
sin .sin
2 2
B C B C
sin .cos  cos .sin
A 2 2 2 2
2a cot  (b  c  a)
2 B C
sin .sin
2 2
A  C B
2a cot  (b  c  a)  cot  cot 
2  2 2

47
 ixhqla; .Ks;h mqyqKqùfï m%Yakdj,sh (ms<s;=re iu`.)

31. Let   r (cos   i sin  ) for all n    >  n  r n (cos n  i sin n ) .

  1  3i
1 3 
    i 
2 2 

  
   cos  i sin 
 3 3

o uqjdj¾ m%fïhfhka,
 7 7 
 7  27  cos  i sin 
 3 3 

  
 128  cos  i sin 
 3 3

7  128


Arg ( )7 
3

32. Let   r (cos   i sin  ) for all n    >  n  r n (cos n  i sin n ) .

If   cos   i sin  then

3  (cos   i sin  )3  (cos 3  i sin 3 )

cos3   3cos 2  (i sin  )  3cos  (i sin  ) 2  (2 sin  )3  cos 3  i sin 3

(cos3   3cos  sin 2  )  i (3cos 2  sin   sin 3  )  cos 3  i sin 3

;d;aúl fldgi iudk lsÍfuka

cos 3   3cos  sin 2   cos 3

cos3   3cos  (1  cos 2  )  cos 3

cos 3   3cos   3cos3   cos 3

 cos 3  4 cos3   3cos 

48
 ixhqla; .Ks;h mqyqKqùfï m%Yakdj,sh (ms<s;=re iu`.)

w;d;aúl fldgi iudk lsÍfuka"

3cos 2  sin   sin 3   sin 3
3(1  sin 2  ) sin   sin 3   sin 3

sin 3   3sin   3sin 3   sin 3

 sin 3  3sin   4sin 3 

33. y  t 2 (1  t )

dy 2
 t ( 1)  (1  t )2t  t 2  2t  3t 2
dx
 3t 2  2t
 t (2  3t )

x  t (1  t ) 2

dx
 t.2(1  t )( 1)  (1  t ) 2 .1
dy

 2t  2t 2  t 2  1  2t
 3t 2  4t  1
 (1  t )(1  3t )

dx t (2  3t )

dy (1  t )(1  3t )
t T
dx t (2  3t )
t T 
dy (1  t )(1  3t )

1
dx
 4  1
dy  1
4

1 1 1
y  1   
4 2 8
2
1 1 1
x  1   
2 2 8

49
 ixhqla; .Ks;h mqyqKqùfï m%Yakdj,sh (ms<s;=re iu`.)

1
y
8  1
1
x
8

8 y 1
 1
8x 1
8 y  1  8 x  1
8 y  8x  2  0
4 y  4x 1  0

34. y  x2  3x
9 9
y  x 2  3x  
4 4
2
 3 9
y x  
 2 4

 (x  3x)dx
2

3
 x3 3x 2 
  
3 2  0

27 27
 
3 2

27 27
  j¾. tall
6 6

50
 ixhqla; .Ks;h mqyqKqùfï m%Yakdj,sh (ms<s;=re iu`.)

(35)

3
R   e x dx
1

3
  e x 
1

 e3  e1 = e(e 2  1)

3
V    y 2 dx
1

3
   (e x ) 2 dx
1

3
3
 e2 x 
   e dx =   
2x

1  2 1

 e6 e 2 
=  
2 2

 e 2 (e 4  1)
2
 e2
V (e 4  1)
2

51
 ixhqla; .Ks;h mqyqKqùfï m%Yakdj,sh (ms<s;=re iu`.)

B fldgi
1. (a) x 2  px  q  0
     p,   q
1 1
(i)   2 3  4
 

4

 p  4q

          4
2 2

12  p 2  4q
p 2  p  12  0
( p  4)( p  3)  0

p3 
p  4  
 3
q 1  q 
4
2   2 q  2
(ii)   
  
2   2 q  2
  
  
x  px  q  0
2 (1)

q2
Let y
x
q2
x
y
q2
m<uq iólrKfha x fjkqjg fh§fuka (1),
y
2
q2 q2
   p q 0
 y   y 

 q  2  p  q  2  y  qy 2  0
2

qy 2  p ( q  2) y  (q  2) 2  0
2 2
 ,  uQ, jk iólrKh
 
qx 2  p ( q  2) x  (q  2) 2  0

52
 ixhqla; .Ks;h mqyqKqùfï m%Yakdj,sh (ms<s;=re iu`.)

x 2  3x  4
(b) Let y
5x  k
x 2  (3  5 y) x  (ky  4)  0
  (3  5 y)2  4(ky  4)
 25 y 2  (4k  30) y  25

;d;a;aúl x i|yd 0

i.e 25 y 2  (4k  30) y  25  0
y ish¨ w.hka i|yd 25 y 2  (4k  30) y  25
(i) ys ix.=Klh y 2  25  0 iy
(ii) 1  (4k  30) 2  4  25  25  0

(4k  30) 2  50 2  0
(4k  20)(4k  80)  0
(k  5)(k  20)  0
20  k  5
k=-5
( x  4)( x  1)
f ( x) 
5( x  1)
4
(1) x = 0 úg f ( x )  
5
(2) y  0 úg -4, 1
(3) x = -1 hkq iam¾fYdakauqLhls

 1
( x  4)  1  
f ( x)    x
(4) 
5 1  
1   , x 
 
 x

 -  , x 
 -
(5) x  4, f ( x)  0
4  x  1, f ( x)  0
 1  x  1, f ( x)  0
x  1, f ( x)  0

53
 ixhqla; .Ks;h mqyqKqùfï m%Yakdj,sh (ms<s;=re iu`.)

x
-4 -1 0 1
4
5

02. f ( x)   2 x 2  ( 2  2 ) x  3  0
 2  2
  
2
3
 
2

   2   2      2 4
2

   
    3
2
  2  2  3
   2 2
  
2
 4

3 3
2

 
2
2
 2  6 2 4

3 2
3
3 4  12 3  12 2  18 2  12 2
3 4  12 3  18 2  0
6r  2  0

54
ixhqla; .Ks;h mqyqKqùfï m%Yakdj,sh (ms<s;=re iu`.)

 2  12  0
   2 3    2 3   0
2 3    2 3
3.42    3.42
 ys Wmßu ksÅ, w.h 3 ls'

2n 2n
1 1
(b)  (1)r 1
r 1
 
r r  n 1 r
2
r 1 1
n  1> úg j ( me L.H.S  (1) r

r 1

1 1
 1 
2 2
2
1 1
o ( me  
r 2 r

2
j ( me = o ( me
n  1 úg m%;sM,h i;H fõ'
n  p úg m%;sM,h i;H hehs Wml,amkh lruq'

2p 2p
1 1
 (1)
r 1
r 1
 
r r  p 1 r

1 1 1 1 1 1 1
tkï 1    ...     ... 
2 3 4 2 p p 1 p  2 2p
2( p 1)
1 1 1 1 1 1 1
n  p  1 úg> r 1
(1) r 1
r
 1    ... 
2 3 4
 
2 p 2 p 1 2 p  2

 1 1 1  1 1
   ...   
 p 1 p  2 2 p  2 p 1 2 p  2

1 1 1 1 1 1
   ...    
p2 p3 2 p 2 p 1 2 p  2 p 1
1 1 1 1 1
   ...   
p2 p3 2 p 2 p 1 2 p  2
2( p 1)
1
 
r  p2 r

tkï n  p  1 i|yd m%;sM,h i;H fõ'

.Ks; wNHyk uQ,O¾uhg wkqj ish`M Ok ksÅ, i|yd m%;sM,h i;H fõ'

55
 ixhqla; .Ks;h mqyqKqùfï m%Yakdj,sh (ms<s;=re iu`.)

2r  3 A B
03. (a)  
r (r  1) r r  1

A(r  1)  Br

r (r  1)
( A  B)r  A

r (r  1)

2r  3  ( A  B)r  A
2r  3 3 1
A  3, B  1  =
r (r  1) r r 1
2r  3 1
Ur  
r (r  1) 3r

3 1  1
  . r
 r r  1 3
1 1 1 1
  . r 1  .  Vr  Vr 1
r 3 r  1 3r 

1
Vr 
r.3r 1

U r  Vr  Vr 1
u1  v1  v2
u2  v2  v3
u3  v3  v4
.....................
un1  vn1  vn
un  vn  vn1
n

U
r 1
r  V1  Vn1

n
1 1 1
U
r 1
r   .
1 n  1 3n
1 1
n   úg . 0
n  1 3n
n
lim  U r  1
n   r 1

tkï fYa%Ksh wNsidß jk w;r U

r 1
n 1

56
 ixhqla; .Ks;h mqyqKqùfï m%Yakdj,sh (ms<s;=re iu`.)

 1
2 x  1, x  2 
y  2x 1 =  
(b) 2 x  1, x  1 
 2 

 x  2, x  1
y  x  1 +1 =  
  x, x  1

y  x2 y  x2
y  2 x  1 y  2x 1
x  2  2 x  1 x  2  2x 1
3 x  1 x3
1
x
3

2x 1  x  1  1

2x 1  1 x  1
1
/ úiÿu x  3 iy x   3

57
 ixhqla; .Ks;h mqyqKqùfï m%Yakdj,sh (ms<s;=re iu`.)

04.(a)(i) .eyekq <uhska 6fofkl= tl lKavdhula f,i ie,l+ úg 7 fokd fma<shl

;eìh yels wdldr .Kk 7! fõ' lKavdhu ;=< .eyekq <uhska 6 fokd ;eìh
yels wdldr .Kk 61 fõ' wjYH wdldr .Kk 7! 6! fõ'
 5040  720
 3628800

(ii) G G G G G G (1)
     

G G G G G G (2)
     

.eyekq <uhska 6 fokd jdä lrúh yels wdldr 6! fõ'

by; wdldr folg msßñ <uhska 6 fokd ;eìh yels h'
tkï msßñ <uhska 6 fokd jeä lrúh yels wdldr 6! fõ'

tkï wjYH wdldr .Kk = 2  6! 6!

 2  720  720
 1036800

(a) 0> 2> 3> 5> 7> 8

* * * *

(i)  5 6  6  6  1080
tkï ixLHd 1080la iEÈh yels h'

(ii) tl b,lalula tl jrla muKla fõ'

ixLHd .Kk  5  5  4  3  300
5000 jvd jeä 2ka fnfok ixLHd .Kk'
* * * 0 0ka wjika jk 3  4  3 1  36

2 2ka wjika jk 3  4  3 1  36

8 8ka wjika jk 2  4  3 1  24

uq`M .Kk  36  36  24  96

58
 ixhqla; .Ks;h mqyqKqùfï m%Yakdj,sh (ms<s;=re iu`.)

c) (1  x) n  nC0  nC1 x  nC2 x 2  ...  nCr x r  ...  nCn x n

( x  1)n  nC0 x n  nC1 x n 1  nC2 x n  2  ...   nCr x n  r  ...  nCn

xg idfmalaI j wjl,kh lsÍfuka

(1) n(1  x )n 1  nC1  2. nC2 x  ...  r. nCr x r 1  ...  n. nCn x n 1

(2) n( x  1) n 1  n. nC0 x n 1  (n  1) nC1 x n  2  ...  ( n  r ) nCr x n  r 1  1. nCn 1

(1)  (2) ie,lSfuka

n 2 (1  x ) 2 n  2   n

C1  ...  n. nCn x n 1 n. nC0 x n 1  ...  Cn 1 
ol=Kq mi x n  2 ys ix.=Klh
xn2
= ( n  1) n C12  2( n  2) n C22  ...  r ( n  r ) n Cr21  ...  ( n  1) n Cn2

jï mi x n  2 ys ix.=Klha n 2 . 2 n  2Cn  2 fõ'

tkhska m%;sM,h
(3) ys x  1 fhdouq'
n 2 .2 2 n  2   n
C1  2. nC 21  ...  n. nCn  n. C
n
0  ...  1. nCn 1 
n n 1
n 2 .22 n  2   r. nCr . (n  r ). nCr
r 1 r 0

05. (a) Z3 1
 Z  1  Z 2  Z  1  0
Z  1  0 or Z 2  Z  1  0
Z 1
1  3
Z
2

1 3 1 3
Z  1 or   i or   i
2 2 2 2
Z 3  1  0 ys ixlS¾K uQ,hla  kï
3 1  0
  1  2    1  0

59
ixhqla; .Ks;h mqyqKqùfï m%Yakdj,sh (ms<s;=re iu`.)

  1 tu ksid 1     2  0
(i) 1     2
1 1
 2
1 
 1

1  

(ii) 1   2  
1 1

1  2

2
 
2 1

3k 3k
    2 
(iii)     
1    1  
3k
 1
       
3k

 

 
  1
3k
 1  
  3 k 
 3
  
k

 
  1 1  1 
3k

  1 .2
3k

 1
3k
k T;af;a isg, .2  2

 1
3k
k brÜfÜ isg, .2  2

  
(b) u  2i  2  cos  i sin 
 2 2

1 3  2 2 
v   i  1 cos  i sin 
2 2  3 3 
   2    2    7 7 
uv  2  cos     i sin      2  cos  i sin 
 2 3   2 3   6 6 

  5   5 
 2  cos     i sin   
  6   6 
60
 ixhqla; .Ks;h mqyqKqùfï m%Yakdj,sh (ms<s;=re iu`.)

u    2    2  
 2  cos     i sin   
v  2 3  2 3  A
     
 2  cos     i sin    
  6  6  

6 O 6

OA = OB = OC B C

myiqfjka u
ˆ  ABC
BAC ˆ  600 nj fmkaúh yel'
ˆ  ACB
tkï ABC iumdo ;s%fldaKhls'
4 n 1
 1 i 
06. (a)  
 1 i 
4 n 1
 1 i 1 i 
  
 1 i 1 i 
4 n 1
 2i 
 i 4 n 1   i 4  i  i
n
 
2

x3  1  0
 x  1  x 2  x  1  0
1  3
x  1, x 2  x  1  0, x 
2

1 3 1 3
x  1, x   i , x   i
2 2 2 2
2 2 4 4
x  1, x  cos  i sin , x  cos  i sin
3 3 3 3
x  1, , 2
;jo, 1     2  0,  3  1

 x  2
3
 1; y 3  1; y  1,  ,  2
x+2 = y
1 3 1 3
x  2  1, x  2    i , x  2   i
2 2 2 2

5 3 5 3
x   1, x   i , x   i
2 2 2 2

61
 ixhqla; .Ks;h mqyqKqùfï m%Yakdj,sh (ms<s;=re iu`.)

 2  5  2    2  2  2
2 6
 3 
2 6

  3   36. 6  729
6

 p  q  p  q   p 2  q 
  p  q   p 2 3  pq 2  pq  q 2 
 ( p  q)  p 2  pq  q 2   p 3  q 3

  b  c  a 2   b  c 2  a 3
 a  b  c 2
a  b  c 2

b  c  a 2

(b) Z  3  3i  2
P ys m:h flakaøh (3, 3) yd wrh 2 jq jD;a;hls'
m:fha ldàish iólrKh ( x  3) 2  ( y  3)2  2 2
m%foaYh ;=< Z ys úYd,;u w.h 3 2  2 fõ' B


3
C A
cos 4 x  cos x 2
07. (a) lim
x 0 x2 
4

1  2 sin 2 x  cos x
2 2
 lim
x 0 x2
sin 2 x sin 2 2 x
 lim 2
 2.
x 0 x x2
2
 sin x  sin 2 2 x
 lim    2  4 
2 x 
2
x 0
 x 
 1  8 1
 7

tan 2 x  2sin x
lim
x 0 x3

62
ixhqla; .Ks;h mqyqKqùfï m%Yakdj,sh (ms<s;=re iu`.)

sin 2x
 2sin x
 lim cos 2x 3
x 0 x
2sin x  cos x  cos 2x  1
 lim  2 
x 0 x  x  cos 2 x
3x x
2sin sin
2sin x 2  2 1
 lim 
x 0 x x x cos 2x
3 x
2sin x sin
2sin x 2   3 2 1
 lim 
x 0 x 3x 2 x cos 2x
2
2 2
3 1
 2  2   1  3
2 2

1
(b) y  sin 1
x2  1
,
Z  sec 1 x x  2
1
sin y  x  sec z
x2  1

1 1
sin y    cot z
sec z 2  1 tan 2 z
dy
cos y.   cos ec 2 z
dz

 
kï x  2, 0  y  , 0 z
2 2

dy
1  sin 2 y .
dz

  1  cot 2 z 
1 dy  1 
1 .   1  
x  1 dz
2 2
 tan z 
x 2  2 dy sec2 z x2
.    
x 2  1 dz sec 2 z  1 x2 1
x x

(l-2x)

63
ixhqla; .Ks;h mqyqKqùfï m%Yakdj,sh (ms<s;=re iu`.)

dy x2 x2  1
 2  2
dz x 1 x 2
dy x 2

dz 
x2  2 x2  1  
dy x2
 0
dz  
x2  2 x2  1 
dy x2
 0
(ii) dz  
x2  1 x2  2 

2
l  2 l 
(c) j¾.M,h A    x  x    x 
2  2 
2
l  l
   x  lx 
2  4
2
dA  l  1 1 l
   x   l  lx  (1)
dx  2  2 l
2 4
lx 
4

  l 
2
ll
  x    lx  
22   4 

2
l
lx 
4
l 2 3lx

 2 2
2
l
lx 
4
3l  l
 x 
l
2
 3
2 lx 
4

l l dA
x ,  0 A jeä fõ'
4 3 dx

64
 ixhqla; .Ks;h mqyqKqùfï m%Yakdj,sh (ms<s;=re iu`.)

l dA
x ,  0 A wvqfõ'
3 dx
l
tkï x  úg A g Wmßuhla mj;sk w;r ;s%fldaKh iumdo fõ'
3

1 l l
j¾.M,h     sin 60
2 3 3

1 l l 3 3l 2
     j¾. tall
2 3 3 2 36

08. (a) (i) f ( x)  sin 2 x

sin  2 x  2h   sin 2 x
f ( x)  lim
h0 h

2 cos  2 x  h  sinh
 lim
h 0 h
sinh
 lim 2 cos  2 x  2h 
h 0 h
 2 cos 2 x.  1  2 cos 2 x

dn  n 
n 
(ii) sin 2 x   2n sin   2x
dx  2 
n=1 úg
d
j( m(  (sin 2 x )  2 cos 2 x
dx
 
o( m(  2 sin   2 x   2 cos 2 x
2 

n=1 úg m%;sM,h i;H fõ'

n  p úg m%;sM,h i;H hehs Wml,amkh lruq'

dp  p 
p
(sin 2 x)  2 p.sin   2x 
dx  2 
d p1 d   p 
p 1
(sin 2 x)  2 p.sin   2 x 
dx dx   2 

65
ixhqla; .Ks;h mqyqKqùfï m%Yakdj,sh (ms<s;=re iu`.)

 p 
 2 p.cos   2 x   ( 2)
 2 
  p 
 2 p 1   cos   2 x 
  2 
   p 
 2 p 1.sin     2 x 
2  2 
  
 2 p 1.sin ( p  1)  2 x 
 2 

tkï n  p  1 úg o m%;sM,h i;H fõ'

.Ks; wNHqyk uQ, O¾uhg wkqj ish¨ n OK ksÅ, i|yd m%;sM,h i;H fõ'

1
(b) f ( x)  1 
x( x  2)
(2 x  2)
f ( x) 
x 2 ( x  2) 2
2( x  1)

x 2 ( x  2) 2
x  1 > úg f ( x )  0
x  0 yd x  2 hkq iam¾f.dakauqL fõ'

0 1 2

x0 f ( x )  0 f jeä fõ'

0  x 1 f ( x )  0 f jeä fõ'
ix2 f ( x )  0 f wvq fõ'
x2 f ( x )  0 f wvq fõ'

x  1 > f Wmßu jk w;r f (1)  0 jeä fõ'.

f ( x )  1 x   úg
y  1 iam¾fYdakauqLhls'

66
ixhqla; .Ks;h mqyqKqùfï m%Yakdj,sh (ms<s;=re iu`.)

(i) y  f ( x)
y

0 2 x

(ii) y  f ( x)
y

0 1 x

1
f ( x)  1 
x( x  2)

( x  1) 2

x( x  2)
1 x ( x  2)

f ( x ) ( x  1) 2

67
ixhqla; .Ks;h mqyqKqùfï m%Yakdj,sh (ms<s;=re iu`.)

1
x   ; úg f ( x )  1 x   úg 1
f ( x)
1
x  0, 2 úg 0
f ( x)
1
x  0 úg f ( x) jeä fõ'

1
0  x 1 úg
f ( x)
jeä fõ'

1
tu ksid x  1 úg wvq fõ'
f ( x)
f ( x)  0
1
x  1 > úg y
f ( x)
1
tu ksid y  iam¾fYdakauqLhls'
f ( x)
1  x  2, yd x  2 > úg f ( x ) wvq fõ'
1
tkï jeä fõ'
f ( x)

0 1 2 x

68
 ixhqla; .Ks;h mqyqKqùfï m%Yakdj,sh (ms<s;=re iu`.)

1 A B Cx  D
  
09. (a)
1  x  x
2 2

1 1  x 1  x 1  x2

1  A(1  x 2 )(1  x)  B (1  x)(1  x 2 )  (Cx  D )(1  x)(1  x )

1
x  1, 1  4 B, B
4
1
x 1, 1  4 A, A
4
1
x  0, 1  A  B  D, D
2
x 3 ys ix.+Klh 0   A  B  C , C  0
1 1 1 1 1 dx
 1  x 1  x dx   4 1  x dx   4 1  x dx  2  1  x
2 2 2

1 1 1
 ln 1  x  ln 1  x  tan 1 x  c
4 4 2

(b) t  sin x  cos x

t 2   sin x  cos x   1  sin 2 x
2

sin 2 x  1  t 2

t  sin x  cos x x:0 
4
dt
 cos x  sin x t : 1  0
dx

0
4
sin x  cos x dt
0 9  16 sin 2 x dx  1 9  16(1  t 2 )
0
dt
  (5  4t )(5  4t )
1
0
 A B 
   dt
1 
(5  4t ) (5  4t ) 

5 A  5B  1
4 A  4B  0
1 1
A ,B 
10 10

69
ixhqla; .Ks;h mqyqKqùfï m%Yakdj,sh (ms<s;=re iu`.)

0 0
1 dt 1 dt
   
10 1 (5  4t ) 10 1 (5  4t )
1 1
 ln 5  4t  ln 5  4t
40 40
0
1  5  4t 
 ln
40  5  4t  1
1  1
  ln1  ln 
40  9
1
 ln 9
40

 
2
cos x 2
sin xdx
(c) I  dx, J   dx
0
a cos x  b sin x 0
a cos x  b sin x


a cos x  b sin x 

aI  bJ   2 dx   x 02 
0 a cos x  b sin x 2

b cos x  a sin x
bI  aJ   2 dx
0 a cos x  b sin x


 ln a cos x  b sin x  02
b
 ln
a

1  a b
I 2 
 bln 
a b  22
a
1  b b
J 2 2 
 aln 
a b  2 a

70
 ixhqla; .Ks;h mqyqKqùfï m%Yakdj,sh (ms<s;=re iu`.)


x sin x

  x  sin   x  
  x  sin x
10. (a) 0 1  cos2 x 0 1  cos2   x 
dx  dx  0 1  cos2 x dx
 
 sin xdx x sin x
  dx
0 1  cos x
2
0 1  cos x
2

 
x sin x sin x
2 dx    dx
0
1  cos x
2
0
1  cos 2 x
u  cos x fhdouq'
du
  sin x
dx
x:0
u :1  1
 
x sin x  sin x
0 1  cos2 x dx  2 0 1  cos 2 x dx
1
 du
2  1 u
 2
1

1
  du
2  1 u
 2
1

 1
  tan 1 u 
2 1


  tan 1 (1)  tan 1 (1) 
2
     
2
     
2  4  4   4

x.e x y
(b)  (1  x)2 dx
1
  x.e x . dx
1  x 
2

1
dv 1
 x
u  x.e x dx 1  x 2 0 1 2

1
v
1  x 

71
 ixhqla; .Ks;h mqyqKqùfï m%Yakdj,sh (ms<s;=re iu`.)

x.e x 1 1
 1  x  dx  x.e 1  x    1  x  .e ( x  1) dx
x x
2

 x.e x
1 x 
  e x .dx

 x.e x
  ex
1 x
ex

1 x

(c) y  x (2  x ) D


  x2  2x 
   x 2  2 x  1  1

y    x  1  1
2
C

A
(3,1)
x(2  x)  x
x(2  x)  x  0
x(1  x)  0 B
x  0,1

1 1


j¾.M,h   2 x  x dx   x.dx
2

0 0

1
1
 x 2 x3 
  
x  x dx    
2

0  2 3 0
1
 j' tall
6

11. (a) AD : x  y  4  0
AC : 3 x  y  8  0
A  (3,1)
AB ys iólrKh
( y  x  4)   ( y  3 x  8)  0
(1  3 ) x  (1   ) y  (8  4)  0

72
ixhqla; .Ks;h mqyqKqùfï m%Yakdj,sh (ms<s;=re iu`.)

3  1
AB ys wkql%uKh 
 1
AD ys wkql%uKh  1
3  1
AB ys wkql%uKh  1 
 1
 1

túg ABys iólrKh  x  y  2  0

B  ( x0 , y0 ) hehs .ksuq'
y0  1
1
x0  3
y0  1 x0  3
 (=t hehs .ksuq)
1 1

 
2
 x0  3   y0  1
2 2
 2 2
t 2  t 2  8
2t 2  8
t 2  4
t  2

t  2, úg B  (5, 3)
t  2, úg B  ( 1, 1)
B m<uq jD;a; mdofha ksid
B  (5,3)
BCys iólrKh y  x  k ( AD // BC )
53  k
k 8
tu ksid BC iólrKh = y  x  8

BD, x  3 y  7  0
BDys iólrKh = x  3y  c  0
59c  0
c4

73
ixhqla; .Ks;h mqyqKqùfï m%Yakdj,sh (ms<s;=re iu`.)

BDys iólrKh = x  3y  4  0

BD : x  3y  4  0
AD : x  y  4  0
D  (2,2)

CDys iólrKh = x y  k
22  k
k  0

CDys iólrKh = x y 0

(b) S  x 2  y 2  2 gx  2 fy  c  0
S: (2, 0), (0, 1)
4  0  4g  0  c  0
0 1 0  2 f  c  0
4  4g  c  0
1 2 f  c  0
(c  4) c 1
g , f 
4 2

2(c  4) 2(c  1)
S  x2  y2  x yc 0
4 2
2 x 2  2 y 2  (c  4) x  2(c  1) y  2c  0
jD;a;fha idOdrK iólrKfhka
4
S  x2  y2    x     1 y    0
 2 
(1, -1) yryd hk ksid
4
11       1    0
 2 
  2
(i) S1 ys iólrKh = x2  y 2  x  y  2  0

74
ixhqla; .Ks;h mqyqKqùfï m%Yakdj,sh (ms<s;=re iu`.)

1 1
flakaøh = C1   , 
2 2

 4
(ii) S2  x 2  y 2    x     1 y    0 u`.ska S1  0
 2 
iuÉfþokh jk ksid
S1  0 yd S2  0 fmdÿ cHdh S1  S 2  0

4 
  1 x     2  y     2   0
 2 
   2 x  2    2 y  2    2  0
fmdÿ cHdh S 2  0 ys flakaøh yryd hk ksid

   4     1 
S2 flakaøh  , 
 4 2 
 4   1
   2    2    2    2    2  0
 4   2 
    2  0
  0 yd   2 úg
  2 úg S2  S1
  0 > úg S 2  x  y  2 x  y  0
2 2

 4
(iii) x2  y2   1  x   1  1 y  1  0 yd
 2 
 4
x2  y 2   2  x   2  1 y  2  0 m%,ïn fõ'
 2 
 1  4 1  1 
flakaøhka C1   , 
 4 2 

   4 2  1 
C2   2 , 
 4 2 

   4   2  4     1   2  1 
2 1     2 1    1  2
 4  4   2  2 
12  4

75
 ixhqla; .Ks;h mqyqKqùfï m%Yakdj,sh (ms<s;=re iu`.)

A (3, -1)
12. (a) CPys iólrKh x  4 y  10  0
BQys iólrKh 6 x  10 y  59  0
C, x  4 y  10  0 f¾Ldj u; fõ' P Q

 t  10 
C   t,  , A  (3, 1)
 4  

t 3 t 6 B C
Q , 
 2 8 
Q, BQ u; ksid 6 x  10 y  59  0
t 3 t6
6   10    59  0
 2   8 
t 10
C  (10, 5)

6
ACys wkql%uKh
7
1
CP ys wkql%uKh
4
BC ys wkql%uKh m kï
1 6 1
m 
4  7 4
m 6 1
1 1 
4 7 4

4m  1 1

4m 2
4m  1 1

4m 2
6 2
m fyda 
7 9
2
BC ys iólrKh y  5   ( x  10)
9
2 x  9 y  65  0

6
ACys iólrKh y  1  ( x  3)
7
6 x  7 y  25  0

76
ixhqla; .Ks;h mqyqKqùfï m%Yakdj,sh (ms<s;=re iu`.)

BC : 2 x  9 y  65  0
BQ : 6 x  10 y  59  0

 7 
B    ,8 
 2 

ACg ,ïn f¾Ldfõ iólrKh 7 x  6 y  c  0

 7 
wdldr fõ' fuh B yryd hhs B    ,8 
 2 
 7
túg" 7      6  8  c  0
 2
47
c
2
tkï" wjYH iólrKh 14 x  12 y  47  0

(b) S3  0 ys iólrKh

 3x 2
 3 y 2  6 x  1    x 2  y 2  2 x  4 y  1  0
S1  0 ys flakaøh (1, 0)
S3  0 , (1, 0) yryd hhs
 3  0  6  1   1  0  2  0  1  0
 1
S3  0

 3x 2
 3 y 2  6 x  1    x 2  y 2  2 x  4 y  1  0

4x2  4 y2  4x  4 y  0
x2  y2  x  y  0

S2  0 g 1 f  2 c 1
1 1
S3  0 g   f c  0
2 2

 1  1
2 gg   2 ff   2  1     2  (2)      1  2  1
 2  2
c  c = 1 0 = 1

77
ixhqla; .Ks;h mqyqKqùfï m%Yakdj,sh (ms<s;=re iu`.)

2 gg   2 ff   c  c

S3  0 yd S 2  0 m%,ïnj fþokh fõ'

(1, 0) hkq S1 = 0ys flakaøh hs'
( x1 , y1 ) ys §"
x 2  y 2  2 gx  2 fy  c  0 jD;a;hg we¢ iam¾Ylh
xx 1  yy1  g ( x  x1 )  f ( y  y1 )  c  0

(1, 0) ,laIHfha §
x 2  y 2  x  y  0 jD;a;hg we¢ iam¾Ylh

1 1
x  1  y  0  ( x  1)  ( y  0)  0
2 2
x 1 y
x  0
2 2
x  y 1  0
AB iólrKh

 
 1  8   7
y 8      
7
 3  2
 2 
9 2  7
y 8    
13  2
13 y  104  18 x  63
18 x  13 y  41  0

78
 ixhqla; .Ks;h mqyqKqùfï m%Yakdj,sh (ms<s;=re iu`.)

13. (a)(i) (2sin x  cos x)(1  cos x )  sin 2 x

 2sin x  cos x 1  cos x   1  cos 2 x   0

(1  cos x )  2sin x  cos x  1  cos x    0
(1  cos x )  2sin x  1  0

cos x  1  0 fyda 2sin x  1  0

1
cos x  1 sin x 
2

x  n   1 ;n
n
x  2n   , n  
6
(ii) 2 tan x  sec 2 x  2 tan 2 x

1  tan 2 x 4 tan x
2 tan x  
1  tan x 1  tan 2 x
2

2 tan x 1  tan 2 x   1  tan 2 x   4 tan x

2 tan x  2 tan 3 x  1  tan 2 x  4 tan x
2 tan 3 x  tan 2 x  2 tan x  1  0
tan 2 x  2 tan x  1  1  2 tan x  1  0
 tan 2
x  1  2 tan x  1  0

1
tan 2 x  1  0 @ tan x 
2
  1 
x  n     tan 1    n  
  2 
(b) 2 cos 2   2 cos 2 2
 1  cos 2   1  cos 4 
 cos 2  cos 4

  360 úg

2 cos 2 360  2 cos 2 720  cos 720  cos1440

2  cos 360  cos 720   cos 36  cos 72   cos 720  cos144 0

cos 720  cos1440

cos 360  cos 720 
2  cos 360  cos 720 

79
ixhqla; .Ks;h mqyqKqùfï m%Yakdj,sh (ms<s;=re iu`.)

2sin1080 sin 360


4cos 540 cos180
2cos180 cos 540 1
 
4cos 540 cos180 2

1
cos 36  cos 72 
2
cos 36  x
1
x   2 x 2  1 
2
2x  4x  2  1
2

4 x2  2x  1  0
2  4  16
x
8

22 5

8
1 5

4
cos 360  0 kï

5 1
cos360 
4
1
cos 72  cos 36 
2
5 1 1 5 1
  
4 2 4

a b c
(c) (i)  
sin A sin B sin C  k
( hehs .ksuq.)

a2  b2 b2  c2 c2  a2
 
cos A  cos B cos B  cos C cos C  cos A



k 2 sin 2 A  sin 2 B   k sin
2 2
B  sin 2 C   k  ain C  sin A
2 2 2

cos A  cos B cos B  cos C cos C  cos A


k 2
 cos 2
B  cos A
2
  k  cos
2 2
C  cos B
2
  k  cos
2 2
A  cos 2 C 
cos A  cos B cos B  cos C cos C  cos A
 k  cos B  cos A   k  cos C  cos B   k  cos A  cos C   0
2 2 2

80
 ixhqla; .Ks;h mqyqKqùfï m%Yakdj,sh (ms<s;=re iu`.)

a b c
(ii) 0
 0
  t (say)
sin 45 sin 75 sin 600

a  2c  2b

 t sin 450  2t sin 600  2t sin 750

 t sin 450  2 sin 600  2sin 750 
 1 3  3  1 
t  2  2   
 2 2  2 2  
 1 3 3  1
t   0
 2 2 2 

a  2c  2b  0
a  2c  2b

14. (a) (i) 2(cos x  cos 2 x)  sin 2 x(1  2cos x)  2sin x

2(cos x  cos 2 x)  2sin x cos x(1  2cos x)  2sin x  0

2(cos x  cos 2 x)  2sin x(cos x  2cos 2 x  1)  0
(cos x  cos 2 x)  sin x(cos x  cos 2 x)  0
(1  sin x)(cos x  cos 2 x)  0

sin x  1  0 cos x  cos 2 x  0

3x x
sin x  1 2 cos .cos  0
2 2
 x 3x
x cos 0 or cos 0
2 2 2
x  3x 
 2n   2n 
2 2 2 2

x  4n   x  4n  1
3

x   x , 
3
 
úi÷ï jkqfha :  ,  ,
3 3
   x   

81
ixhqla; .Ks;h mqyqKqùfï m%Yakdj,sh (ms<s;=re iu`.)

 1  1  1  1  3  1  1 
(ii) tan 1    tan    tan    tan  
 x 1   x 1  5 3
 1   1 
tan 1    A> tan 1  B
 x 1   x 1 
3 1
tan 1    C > tan 1    D
5 3

A-B = C-D
tan( A  B )  tan(C  D )
tan A  tan B tan C  tan D

1  tan A tan B 1  tan C tan D

1 1 3 1
 
x 1 x 1  5 3
1 3 1
1 1 
( x  1)( x  1) 5 3

2 4
2

x 18
x 9
2

x  3
2  x  4, x3

sin(   ) cos(   )
(b) 
(1  m) (1  m)

sin(   )  cos(   ) cos(   )  sin(   )


2 2m
      
m  sin(   )  sin   (   )     sin   (   )   sin(   ) 
 2    2  
       
m  2 sin     cos      2 cos     sin    
4  4  4  4 
   
m tan      tan    
4  4 
     
tan      m.cot       
4  2  4 
   
tan      m.cot    
4  4 

82
ixhqla; .Ks;h mqyqKqùfï m%Yakdj,sh (ms<s;=re iu`.)

A
b2  c 2  a 2
(c) cos A 
2bc

b  c 
2
(i)  a2

  b 2  2bc  c 2    b 2  c 2  2bc cos A 

 2bc(1  cos A)
A
 4bc.cos 2 (1) B
2 H C

1 1
ABC ;s%fldaKfha j¾.M,h  bc.sin A  a. p
2 2
bc.sin A  a. p (2)

(1) yd (2) ka
A
b  c 
2
 a 2  4bc.cos2
2

4ap A
 .cos 2
sin A 2
4ap A
 .cos 2
A A 2
2 sin cos
2 2
A
 2ap cot
2

A
b  c 
2
 a 2  2ap.cot
2

(ii) a 4  b 4  c 4  2b 2 c 2  2c 2 a 2  2 a 2b 2  2 a 2b 2

a 
2
2
 b2  c2  2a 2b 2
a 2  b 2  c 2   ab 2
a 2  b 2  c 2  ab 2 1
 
2ab 2ab 2

cos c  
1
,
 3
c or
2 4 4

83
 ixhqla; .Ks;h mqyqKqùfï m%Yakdj,sh (ms<s;=re iu`.)

 3 1
15. (a) A 
 1 2 
 3 1  3 1   8 5
A2     
 1 2   1 2   5 3 

±ka A2  5 A  7 I
 8 5   15 5   7 0   0 0 
A2      
 5 3   5 10   0 7   0 0 
A2  5 A  7 I  0
7 I  5 A  A2 7 I  5 A  A2
 A(5 I  A)  (5 I  A) A
1 1
I  A. (5I  A) I (5 I  A) A
7 7
1 1
tkhska A  (5 I  A)
7

1  5 0   3 1  
   
7  0 5   1 2  
 2 1 
1  2 1   7 7 
   
7 1 3   1 3 
 
7 7 

BA = C
(BA)A-1 = CA-1
B(AA-1) =CA-1

2 1 
 9 4   7 7   2 3 
-1     
B= CA
 6 16   1 3  4 6 
 
7 7 

(b) x  y  a ............... (1)

x  y  b ............... (2)

1 -1  x   a 
     
1 1  y  b

A X = B

1 -1  x a
A , X   , B   
1 1  y b
84
ixhqla; .Ks;h mqyqKqùfï m%Yakdj,sh (ms<s;=re iu`.)

1 1 1
A -1 
1  (1)   1 
1

1 1 1
  
2  1 1

 1 1
 2 2
A -1   
 1 1
 
 2 2

AX  B
A1 AX  A1B
X  A1 B

 1 1
   2
x 2  a 
     
 y  1 1  b 
 
 2 2

a b
x  
2 2

a b
y 
2 2

A2 X  B
A1 A2 X  A1 B

 b 
 p  2 
  
 q   a 
 
 2

b
p
2

a
q
2

85
 ixhqla; .Ks;h mqyqKqùfï m%Yakdj,sh (ms<s;=re iu`.)

w'fmd'i' ^W'fm<& ixhqla; .Ks;h II

A fldgi ms<s;=re

60  u
01. tan   1 
40
m%fõ.h
u  20ms 1
60
1 60
tan   
2 t u 
t  120
.sh ÿr 10000 m 
1 1 40 T t ld,h
 60  u   40  60  T   60  t  10000
2 2
80  20  60T  30  120  10000
T  80s

02. OA  t1 , AB  t2
u u
tan   g  , t1 
t1 g
v1 v
tan   g  , t2  1
t2 g
m%fõ.h
2u  v2
tan   g  , v  2u  gt 2u
t2 2 2

1 1 v2 
A úia:dmkh  ut1  v1t2
2 2 u
1
B úia:dmkh   2u  v2  t2 
2 t1 A  t2 B ld,h
1 1 1 v1
u.t1  v1 .t2  (2u  v2 )t2
2 2 2
u.t1  v1 .t2  (2u  v2 )t2
u.t1  (2u  v1  v2 )t2
u
u.  (2u  gt2  2u  gt2 )t2
g
u
t2 
4g

86
 ixhqla; .Ks;h mqyqKqùfï m%Yakdj,sh (ms<s;=re iu`.)

03. VA, E  2u B
300
VB , E 
300 
u
u
VA, B  VA, E  VE , B
V    B 2u
2u
300
N
u
V u

v2  LN 2   2u    u   2  2u  u.cos60
2 2
 600
L 2u M
 3u 2
V  3u
B
u v
 
sin  sin60
u 3u  2
 d
sin  3
1 M
sin  
2
  30 0
A 
3d
flá u ÿr  d cos   d cos30 
2
d sin 30 d
.; jq ld,h  
v 2 3u

04. x  2 y  ksh;hla
x  2 y  0 R

x  2 
y0

y  a f,i i,luq' x  2a Mg x

 m ys ;ajrKh AM 1 E  a y
A m1 E  2 a T T
m wxY=jg F  ma
M , Mg  2T  Ma (1)
 , T  m(2 a ) (2)
m
Mg
Mg 2 Mmg
a , T
4M  m M  4m

87
 ixhqla; .Ks;h mqyqKqùfï m%Yakdj,sh (ms<s;=re iu`.)

05. r  a cos nt i  b sin ntj

dr
 v  an sin nt i  bn cos ntj
dt
dv
 f  an2 cos nt i  bn 2 sin ntj  n 2  a cos nt i  b sin ntj 
dt
v yd f wì,ïNh v. f  0

a 2 n3 cos nt sin nt  b 2 n3 sin nt cos nt  0

1 2
2
 
b  a 2 n3 sin 2nt  0

k
t ; fuys k  0,1, 2, 3...
2n
V ..V  a 2 n 2 sin 2 nt  b 2 n 2 cos 2 nt
 n 2  a 2 sin 2 nt  b 2 cos 2 nt 

r .r  a 2 cos 2 nt  b 2 sin 2 nt
a 2  b 2  r .r  a 2 sin 2 nt  b 2 cos 2 nt


V ..V  n 2 a 2  b 2  r .r 
06. ksh; fõ.fhka ld¾ r:h Odjkh jk neúka tys ;ajrKh Y+kH fõ'
F  ma fh§fuka
 P  600  1200  0 RN

PN

P  600 N 
20 1200g
laIu;dj  600   4000 Watts.
3
 4kW

F  ma fh§fuka Q

60 0

 


1200g
Q  600  1200  10sin   1200a
1
Q  600  1200  10   1200a
24
 1200a  1100 

88
 ixhqla; .Ks;h mqyqKqùfï m%Yakdj,sh (ms<s;=re iu`.)

Q  20  30  1000
1200a  1100   20  30  1000
1 2
a ms
3

07. c,fha m%fõ.h Vms 1 f,i i,luq'

100 1
V 
100  100 10
V  10ms 1
kld¾h lsÍfï YS>%;dj laIu;dj
1 2
neúka = mv  mgh
2
1
laIu;dj   0.1  1000   102   0.1  1000   10  12
2
 17000 W
 17kW

08. Let VM , E  u
v
Vm , M 

V m , E  Vm , M  VM , E

v
w = + 
u

 
m yd M i|yd .uH;d ixiaÓ;s kshuh Ndú; lsÍfuka

u 
 M
(M, m) 

Mu  m(v cos   u )  0
mv cos 
u
M m

89
 ixhqla; .Ks;h mqyqKqùfï m%Yakdj,sh (ms<s;=re iu`.)

;sria .uH;d WKavh idok fldaKh kï

N u
M
v u
 w
sin(180   ) sin(    ) v
v mv cos  

 L
sin  ( M  m) sin(    )
( M  m)sin(    )  m sin  cos 
( M  m) sin  cos   cos  sin    m sin  cos 
M sin  cos   ( M  m) cos  sin 
M m
tan   tan 
M

09.
3m 2m m
A u

C B

3m V1 I V1


B I
 mv1  2mv1  mu
u
v1 
3

V2 V2 V2
 
A I2 I2 B I1 I1 C

A, B ,C i|yka .uH;d ixiaÓ;s kshuh fh§fuka

 mv2  2mv2  3mv2  mv1  2mv1  mu
u
v2 
6
I  ( mv ) fh§fuka
A g >   I1  m(V2  V1 )

u u
 m  
6 3
mu
I1 
6

90
 ixhqla; .Ks;h mqyqKqùfï m%Yakdj,sh (ms<s;=re iu`.)

C g,   I2  3m(V2  V0 )

u 
 m  0
6 
3mu
I1 
6
I 2 : I1  3 :1

1  1  u 2 1 2
u 1 u 
2

 ydks jQ Yla;sh  mu 2   m    2m    3m   
2  2  6  2 6 2  6  

5
 ydks jQ Yla;sh  mu 2
12

10. 
2u
 
6u
 I 
V1
 
V2

A B  A B
A B
moaO;sh i|yd I  mv fhoùfuka
 m(v1  2u )  4m(v2  6u )  0 mv1  4mv2  4m  6u  m  2u
v1  4v2  22u (1)

ksõgkaf.a m%;Hd.;s kshuh fh§fuka

1
v1  v2   6u  2u 
2
v1  v2  4u

18u
v2  (2)
5

I  ( mv ) fh§fuka
B  I1  4m(v2  6u )
 ,

 18u 
 4m   6u 
 5 
48mu
I
5
48mu
5

91
ixhqla; .Ks;h mqyqKqùfï m%Yakdj,sh (ms<s;=re iu`.)

11. A B A B A B
v2
I I v 1
u
m 4m

moaO;shg I  mv Ndú;fhka

 m(v2  u )  4m(v1  0)  0 4mv1  mv2  mu
4v1  v2  u (1)
v1  v2  eu (2)

1  e  u  4e  1 u
v1  , v2 
5 5
1 (3)
v2  0 kï e 
4

ì;a;sfha .egqug miq Bys fõ.h W.

W
v2 A A

4 1 e 
W  ev1   u
5 5 

fojk .egqu isÿùug W  V2

4 1 e  4e  1
 u  u
5  5  5
4(1  e)  5(4e  1)
9 (4)
e
16
1 9
(3) iy (4) e
4 16

12. .egqug .; jQ ld,h t f,i i,luq' 28

1 2
S  ut  at
2
Ays p,s;hg>
73.5

 x  28t

Bys p,s;hg>

 x  35cos  t 

35cos   28 x

92
 ixhqla; .Ks;h mqyqKqùfï m%Yakdj,sh (ms<s;=re iu`.)

4 (1)
cos  
5
1 2
A i|yd> h1  0  gt
2

1 2
B i|yd> h2  35sin  t  gt
2
h1  h2  35sin  .t
3
73.5  35   t
5
t  3.5 s

1 2
13. S  ut  at u
2 a
u  2ag 2


 
a
a  u cos  t (1)
a 1
 u sin  t  gt 2
2 2
a
(1)ka> t =
u cos 
a ga 2
 a tan   2
2 2u cos 2 

a a
2

 a tan   1  tan 2 
4

tan   4 tan   3  0
2

 tan   3 tan   1  0

tan   3 - tan   1
1 2
S  ut  at
2
A i|yd>  a  u cos 1 .t1

B i|yd>  a  u cos 2 .t2

t1 cos  2 1 2 1
   
t2 cos 1 10 1 5

t1 : t2  1: 5

93
 ixhqla; .Ks;h mqyqKqùfï m%Yakdj,sh (ms<s;=re iu`.)

14. Let AB = l A
È.  a >   2mg 

2mg  l  a 
T
a
F  ma fh§fuka
T

B  3g  B
> T sin   ml sin  .   
 4a  mg
3mgl
T (1)
4a

(1) iy (2)
2mg  l  a  3mgl

a 4a
8a
l (2)
5
8a 3a
ú;;sh a 
5 5

F  ma
T cos   mg  m  0
T cos   mg
6mg
cos   mg
5
5
cos  
6

94
 ixhqla; .Ks;h mqyqKqùfï m%Yakdj,sh (ms<s;=re iu`.)

15. iuia; Yla;sh A

Ays § Yla;sh = Bys § Yla;sh

1 2  mg
 mv  mgh  constant  
2  O
1
O  mga  mw2  mga
2
w2  4ag  4  10  0.6 B
w  24
2

w
w  2 6ms 1
F  ma fh§fuka
mv 2
mg cos   R 
a
mv 2
R  mg cos   (1)
a
iuia; Yla;sh
1 2
O  mga  mv  mga cos 
2
v 2  2ag (1  cos  )
(1) iy (2)
R  mg  3cos   2 
2
R  0 > cos   3

2
flakaøfha isg Wi  0.6 cos   0.6 
3
 0.4m

16. 
x   2 x x

v2   2 a2  x2 
kï x  0.9 > v  1.2
x  1.2 > v  0.9


1.22   2 a 2  0.9 2  (1)
0.9 2   2 a 2
 1.22  (2)

95
 ixhqla; .Ks;h mqyqKqùfï m%Yakdj,sh (ms<s;=re iu`.)

1.2 2 a 2  0.92
(1)  (2)> 
0.92 a 2  1.22
 
a 2 1.22  0.92  1.2 4  0.9 4
úia;drh  1.5m
 2 1.52  0.9 2   1.2 2
2  1
 1
2
foda,k ld,h T   2 Sec


17. iu;=,s;;dõfha AC  d ,   mg A A
wxY=fõ iu;=,s;;djg

a
> T2  mg  T1  0

T1
2mg  a 2mg  a C  mg
d
 2a  d    mg  d    0 T
a  2 a  2 a 2

2 a 2 a
 2a  d    1   d    0
a 2 a 2
B B
2 a a
 2a  d   d    1  0
a 2 2
5a 5a 3a
d , AM  , BM 
4 4 4

F  ma fh§fuka A

T4  mg  T3  mx 5a
4
2mg  3a a 2mg  5a a
  x    mg   x 
mg
T x
a 4 2 a 4 2 3


T
 mx 3a 4

4
2g  3a a 2 g  5a a
a  4  x  2   g  a  4  x  2   
x
   

2g  3a a 5a a
a  4  x  2  4  x  2   g  
x
 
2g  a
a  2 x  2   g  
x

96
 ixhqla; .Ks;h mqyqKqùfï m%Yakdj,sh (ms<s;=re iu`.)

4g

x x
a
 2 4g 

x   2 x   a 
 

2 a a
ld,h   2 
 4g g
18.
3P
X  3P cos 60  2 P cos 60  P  C
2

3P 3P
Y  3P sin 60  2 P sin 60  2P
2
2 R
 3P   3 P 
2

R  300 600 600

     3P
2 2

 2   2 x A P B

R  3P.N x

Y 1
tan    ,
3   30
0
X Y
R

A jgd >Q¾Kh .ekSfuka

A jgd iïm%hqla;fha >Q¾Kfha = A jgd n, moaO;sfha >Q¾Kh
R.x.sin 30  2 P.2a sin 60
D 6P C
1 3
P 3 x  2 P  2a 
2 2
x  4a 7P 4P
5P
4 3
19. cos   , sin   
5 5
A 2P B
X  2 P  6 P  5P cos 
 2P  6P  4P  0 D C

Y  4 P  7 P  3P  0
 4 P  7 P  3P  0

A jgd >Q¾Kh .ekSfuka A x B

G  4 P  4a  3P  3a  34 Pa
R  0, G  0 neúka n, moaO;sh hq.auhg W!kkh fõ'
hq.aufha >Q¾Kh 34Pa

97
 ixhqla; .Ks;h mqyqKqùfï m%Yakdj,sh (ms<s;=re iu`.)

4P n,h bj;a l< úg kj moaO;sfha iïm%hqla;h CB ÈYdfõ 4PN fõ'

= A jgd iïm%hqla;fha >Q¾Kh D C

= A jgd moaO;sfha >Q¾Kh
4 P.x  18Pa
 iïm%hqla;h Èla l< BA mdoh '
9a
x
2 A x B
9a
 A isg ÿrlska fPaokh lrhs'
2

20. oKafvys ls%hdldrl n,

(i) nr W R
(ii) ;sria n,h P A
(iii) Ays m%;sls%hdj

n, ;s%fldaKh OAC ie,lSfuka

R 
 OA (OA u`.ska R ksrEmKh fõ)
G
W 
 AC (AC u`.ska w ksrEmKh fõ)
P 
 CO (CO u`.ska P ksrEmKh fõ;)
3
tan  
4 C O B P
R W P W
 
OA AC CO

AB  2a kï
8a
AC  2a sin  
5
6a
CB  2 a sin  
5
3a
CO 
5
CO 3W
P  W. 
AC 8

AB ys iu;=,s;;djg w, p, s tl u ,laIHh yryd hd hq;= hs'

98
 ixhqla; .Ks;h mqyqKqùfï m%Yakdj,sh (ms<s;=re iu`.)

n, ;s%fldaKh ie,lSfuka
P wjuh úug kï P yd S ,ïn úh hq;= h'

ADB ;s%fldaKfha G
AG  GB, and ADB  900
 AG  GB  GD P
 
 B
2
D
 P L
P  W sin   W sin
2 W

S W
21. f.da,fha iu;=,s;;djg n, 
(i) nr w G. M
(ii) m%;sls%hdj R, P ys §
(iii) wd;;sh T
R
iu;=,s;;dõ n, ;=k Gys § T
fPaokh fõ' G 
,dñf.a m%fïhh wkqj
P
300
12 4 4 3
tan    sin   cos  
9 3 5 5
W
ABC ;s%fldaKh i|yd ihska kS;sfhka>
T W R
 
sin 30 sin  sin  30   
C T A
T
W sin 30 5W
 
sin  8
sin  30   
R W
sin  R
W sin 30 cos   cos 30 sin  

sin  300

B

W
8

3 4 3 

99
 ixhqla; .Ks;h mqyqKqùfï m%Yakdj,sh (ms<s;=re iu`.)

Y
22. ABys iu;=,s;;dj i|yd
B
A  0 X X

a a
X .a sin 60  Y .a cos 60  W . cos 60  W . cos 60  0 Y
2 3 
D W 
W
W W 5W 
3  Y   
2 3 6
BCys iu;=,s;;dj i|yd A C
W
C  0 R S

a
 X .a sin 60  Y .a cos 60  W . cos 60  0
2
W
 3X  Y  
2
(1)
W 2W
(1) yd (2) ka Y  X 
6 3 3
Bys § m%;sls%hdj X2 Y2
W 57

18

100
 ixhqla; .Ks;h mqyqKqùfï m%Yakdj,sh (ms<s;=re iu`.)
23.
d a

D A
c b

300 B C
c 
0
60 600 W
c b

ab  W
W oKav wd;;s f;rmqï
ad  W tan 30  
3 BC W
W 2W 2W 3
bd   AC 3 -
cos 30 3 2W
bd  bc  cd AB 
3
2W
AD
3 -

R2 3P
R1 F1
F1 P F2



W
W
24. iu;=,s;;dj i|yd iu;=,s;;dj i|yd

, F1  P  W sin   0 , 3P  F  W sin   0
2
, R  W cos   0 ,
1 R2  W cos   0
F1   R1 F2   R2
W sin   P  W cos  3 P  W sin   W cos  (2)
W sin 
(1) yd (2)ka P  (1)
2
2   tan 

101
 ixhqla; .Ks;h mqyqKqùfï m%Yakdj,sh (ms<s;=re iu`.)

T
25. AB oKafâ iu;=,s;dj i|yd A

300

R G
F  T cos 60  W sin 30  0 (1)

R  T sin 60  W cos 30  0 300

F
B
B jgd >Q¾Kh Y+kH fõ' 300
T .2a cos 60  Wa cos 60  0
W W
T
2

W
F  W sin 30  T cos 60 
4
W 3
R  W cos 30  T sin 60 
4

F 1 1
 ,   ,  min
R 3 3

26. OACD RcqfldaKdi%fha j¾.M,h  2a 2

1 2
ABC ;s%fldaKfha j¾.M,h  a
2

OACD RcqfldaKdi%fha ialkaOh 12m hehs .;a úg

ABC ;s%fldaKfha ialkaOh 3m
D C(m)
G   x , y  hehs .ksuq'
G1(12m)
OB jgd >Q¾K .ekSfuka G  x , y 
a
15my  12m   ma O A(m) B(m)
2
7a
y
15
OD jgd >Q¾K .ekSfuka>
15mx  12m  a  m  2a  m  2a  m  3a
19a
x
15
OA ;sri iu`. idok fldaKh  fõ' .

102
 ixhqla; .Ks;h mqyqKqùfï m%Yakdj,sh (ms<s;=re iu`.)

x 19a
tan   cot   
y 7

 19 
tan   tan 1  
 7 

27. P  B  
2
3
5
, P  AUB   , P A 
8 B
3
4
 
2 1
P ( B )  1  P ( B )  1  
3 3
P  A  B
P  A B 
P( B )
3 1 1
P  A  B   P  A B  .P ( B )   
4 3 4
5 1 1 13
P  A  B   P ( A)  P ( B )  P  A  B  ;  P  A     
8 3 4 24
1 3
P  A  B    P  ( A  B )   1  P  A  B   1  
4 4

28. A yd B iajdh;a; fõ'

P  A  B   P( A).P( B)  0.3  0.4  0.12

P  A  B   P( A)  P( B )  P  A  B 
 0.3  0.4  0.12
 0.58

P  A  B    P  A  B    1  P  A  B 
 
 1  0.58  0.42
20 1
P [fodaI iys; ùfï iïNdú;dj]  
100 5
3
1 4
P [4ka 3la fodaI iys; ùfï iïNdú;dj]  4C3   
5 5
16

625

103
 ixhqla; .Ks;h mqyqKqùfï m%Yakdj,sh (ms<s;=re iu`.)

7  11  5  8  13  12  11  9  14
29. uOHkHh 
9
90
x  10
9

5 7 8 9 11 11 12 13 14

9 1
uOHia:h  jk w.h hs'
2
= 5 jekak = 11

  xi  x 
2

iïu; wm.ukh   i 1

25  9  4  1  1  1  4  9  16

9

70 70
   2.78
9 3

3  uOHkHh - uOHia : h 
l=ál;d ix.=Klh 
iïu; wm.ukh

3 10  11

2.78
 1.04

104
 ixhqla; .Ks;h mqyqKqùfï m%Yakdj,sh (ms<s;=re iu`.)

30. 0 2 (1)

1 1 5 7 9 (4)

2 1 3 8 9 (4)

3 2 3 3 56 6 7 9 9 9 9 (11)

4 0 5 7 78 9 (6)

5 8 (1)

27

2/3 hkq wjq' 23

(i) wju w.h - wjqreÿ 02

Wmßu w.h - wjqreÿ 58
ud;h - wjqreÿ 39

1
 27  1 jk w.h hs'
th
(ii) Q1 hkq 
4
= 7th jekak = wjqreÿ 23 hs'

uOHia:h
1
 27  1 jk w.h hs'
th
Q2 hkq 
2
= 14 jekak = wjqreÿ 36 hs'
3
Q3 hkq   27  1 jk w.h hs'
4
= 21 jk w.h = wjqreÿ 40 hs'

(iii) Q1  1.5(Q3  Q1 )  23  1.5(40  23)

 23  25.5  2.5
Q3  1.5(Q3  Q1 )  40  1.5(40  23)
 40  25.5  65.5
tkï msg; msysàï ke;'

105
 ixhqla; .Ks;h mqyqKqùfï m%Yakdj,sh (ms<s;=re iu`.)

fldgi B

01. (a)
v

m%fõ.h


u

  
t t2 ld,h
T * T

3a
(i) tan   a > > tan   2a > tan  
2
v
tan   , v  aT (1)
T
3a v  u
tan   
2 T t
2(v  u )  3a (T  t ) (2)

(1) yd (2) ka
2  aT  u   3a(T  t )
3at  2u  aT
(1)  V  3at  2u
 3u 
TP  P .;a ld,h 2T  2  3t  
 a 
TQ  Q .;a ld,h T  t   t2
2u v
 2t  
a 2a
2u 3t u
 2t   
a 2 a
7t 3u
 
2 a

106
ixhqla; .Ks;h mqyqKqùfï m%Yakdj,sh (ms<s;=re iu`.)

(ii) ld, fjki  TP  TQ

 2u   7t 3u 
 2  3t    
 a  2 a 
5t u
 
2 a

1
(iii) P .uka l< ÿr  .V .2 T  V T
2

 3at  2u 
  3at  2u  .
a

 3at  2u 
2


a

1 1
Q .uka l< ÿr   u  V T  t   V .t2
2 2

1  2u  1   3t u  
 u   3at  2u    2t     3at  2u     
2  a  2  2 a 

1  2at  2u   3at  2u  
  3at  u    3at  2u  
2 a 2a 
1   3at  2u  
2

  3at  u  2at  2u   
2a  2 


107
ixhqla; .Ks;h mqyqKqùfï m%Yakdj,sh (ms<s;=re iu`.)

(b) B

 u
A
O P

V

VP , E u  VQ , E  

VP ,Q  VP , E  VE ,Q u  v cos 
V

 u  
 v sin 

 u  v cos   v sin  V0

V0 2   u  v cos     v sin  
2 2

V0 2  u 2  v 2 cos 2   v 2 sin 2   2uv cos 

V0 2  u 2  v 2  2uv cos 
V0  u 2  v 2  2uv cos 

v sin 
tan  
u  v cos  B

O  a
A
 P
d VP,Q

flá;u ÿr d  a sin 
av sin 

u 2  v 2  2uv cos 

108
 ixhqla; .Ks;h mqyqKqùfï m%Yakdj,sh (ms<s;=re iu`.)

PM a cos 
t  .;a ld,h  
V0 V0

a  u  v cos  
t
V0 2
a  u  v cos  
t
u  v 2  2uv cos 
2

P .uka l< ÿr  ut

Q .uka l< ÿr  vt

a  ut
O isg ÿrj,a w;r wkqmd;h 
Vt

a  u  v cos   u
a
V0 2 v  u cos 

va  u  v cos   u  v cos 
V0 2

02. Wmßu fõ.fha § ;ajrKh Y+kH fõ'

1
s in  
n

v T1
F  ma fhdouq
w
T1  w s i n   R   0 R
g

T1  R  w sin  
w
H  ( w sin   R )v (1)

F  ma fhdouq 2v R
w
T 2  w s in   R  0
g T2
T2  R  w sin 

H  ( R  w sin  )2v (2) w

109
ixhqla; .Ks;h mqyqKqùfï m%Yakdj,sh (ms<s;=re iu`.)

3w
(1) yd (2)ka R 
n

F  ma fhdouq u
T3  R 
w
 0 R T3
g

3w
T3  R 
n
3uw
H  T3 .u 
n u
2 T4
F  ma fhdouq
w
T 4  R  w s in  
g
 a (a hkq ;ajrKh hs) R

4w wa 
T4   w
n g
u
H  T4 .
2

u  4w wa  3wu
  
2 n g  n
2g
a
n

(b) VA, E  (3 i  29 j )

VB , E  ( i  7 j )
VB , A  VB , E  VE , A
 V ( i  7 j )  (3 i  29 j )
VB , A  (v  3) i  (7v  29) j (1)
B
ld,h t jk fudfydf;a §


rA  a  3 i  29 j t 

rB  b  v i  7 j t  B0

AB  rB  rA b

  
  b  v i  7 j t    a  3 i  29 j t 
     a
A0
A

O

110
ixhqla; .Ks;h mqyqKqùfï m%Yakdj,sh (ms<s;=re iu`.)


AB   b  a    v  3 t i   7v  29  tj
 
t  0 úg> AB  A0 B0  b  a   56 i  8 j 

AB   56 i  8 j    v  3 t i   7v  29  tj

  v  3 t  56  i   7v  29  t  8 j (2)


AB  0
tkï"  v  3 t  56  0 (3)

 7v  29  t  8  0 (4)

(3) yd (4)ka
v4


AB   v  3 t  56  i   7v  29  t  8 j
v  3 úg

AB   6t  56  i   8  8t  j fõ'

 6t  56    8  8t 
2 2
AB 


 100 t 2  8t  32 

t  4
2
AB  10  16

AB wju jkqfha' t  4 and AB wju  40m

v  3 yd t  4 úg

AB  32 i  24 j
VA, B  6 i  8 j


V A , B AB  6 i  8 j  32 i  24 j 
= -192 + 192
= 0

V A,B A B  0

tkï, VA, B , AB ,ïNl fõ'

111
 ixhqla; .Ks;h mqyqKqùfï m%Yakdj,sh (ms<s;=re iu`.)

03. (a) Let AA, E  

 a1 a1 a2
RA RB
AB , E  
 a2 hehs .ksuq' F1  T T T T F2

a1  a2 m T T 2mg
túg, AM , E 
2
wxY+ka p,kh jk úg
F1   .mg , F2     2mg 
F  ma fh§fuka"
A  T   mg  ma1 (1) T T


F  ma fh§fuka"
B  T     2mg   2ma2 (2)
Mg
F  ma fh§fuka"
 a1  a2 
M  Mg  2T  M (3)
2

T   mg
(1) ka" a1 
m
T  2  mg
(2) ka" a2 
2m
(3)ys wdfoaYfhka
M  T   mg T  2  mg 
Mg  2T  
2  m 2m 

MT  Mg MT  Mg
Mg  2T    
2m 2 4m 2

 M M   Mg  Mg
T 2     Mg  
 4m 2m  2 2

2Mmg  2      
T
 3M  8m 

112
ixhqla; .Ks;h mqyqKqùfï m%Yakdj,sh (ms<s;=re iu`.)

(ii)   2   nj § we;'
p,s;h isÿùu i|yd a1  0
T
a1   g  0
m
T   mg
2Mmg  2      
  mg
 3M  8m 
2     3M  8m

 2M
   2 3M  8m
 1
 2m
   2 M  8m

 2M
 2M

  2 8m  M

(b) F  ma fh§fuka"
B T2 cos   T1 cos   mg  0 T2

T2  T1  cos   mg (1)
a
T2

F  ma fh§fuka" b 

B
 T1  T2  sin   maw2 sin  T 1 mg
a
T1  T2   maw2 (2) 
T1
Dys iu;=,s;;dj i|yd" T1
 T1  kmg  R  0 T1
D
R  T1  kmg (3) km+R
b
cos 
2a
2mga
(1)kaa T2  T1 
b
(2) kaa T2  T1  maw2

ma  2 2 g  ma  2 2 g 
T1  w  T2  w 
2  b  2  b 
>

113
ixhqla; .Ks;h mqyqKqùfï m%Yakdj,sh (ms<s;=re iu`.)

ma  2 2 g 
(3)ka R  w   kmg
2  b 
R0
ma  2 2 g 
w   kmg
2  b 
w2 ab  2 g  a  kb  (4)
Wmßu wd;;sh  mg fõ'
tkï T1 , T2   mg
T2   mg
ma  2 2 g 
w    mg
2  b 
2 g 2 g
w2  
a b

2 g 2kg
(4)kaa w  
2

b a
2 g 2kg 2 g 2 g
  w2  
b a a b
2 g 2kg 2 g 2 g
  
b a a b
1 k  1
  
b a a b
2  k

b a
   k  b  2a

114
 ixhqla; .Ks;h mqyqKqùfï m%Yakdj,sh (ms<s;=re iu`.)

04. (a) A B C
u u
.egqug fmr
d d u
A u B C
.egqug miq
 v2  v1
A u B C

B ys yd Cys m<uq .egqug

 moaO;sh i|yd I  mv fhoùfuka

 m(v2  u )  m(v1  0)  0  mv1  mv2  mu
v1  v2  u (1)

ksõgka f.a mÍlaIKd;aul kshufhka

v1  v2  eu (2)
u u
(1) yd (2) kaa v1  1  e  , v2  1  e 
2 2

B; iu`. .eàug A .kakd ld,h t0 kï

d d
t0  
u u  v2

d d
 
u u
1  e 
u
2
d 2d
 
u u 1  e 

d 3  e
u (1  e)
A .uka l< ÿr  ut0

d 3  e

(1  e)

115
ixhqla; .Ks;h mqyqKqùfï m%Yakdj,sh (ms<s;=re iu`.)

u  v2  v1
A B C
d u  v 2 d  v1
.egqug fmr A B C
 v4  v3  v1
.egqug miq A B C

A yd B w;r fojk .egqug

 .uH;d ixiaÓ;s kshufhka"

mv3  mv4  mv2  mu
v3  v4  u  v2 (3)

ksõgkaf.a mÍlaIKd;aul kshufhka"

v3  v4  e  u  v2  (4)
u v
(3) yd (4)ka v3  1  e   2 1  e 
2 2

u u
1  e   1  e 
2

2 4
u
  2  2e  1  2e  e 2 
4
u
v3  3  e 2 
4
u u
±ka v3  v1  3  e 2   1  e 
4 2

u
 1  2e  e 2 
4
u
 1  e 
2

4
v3  v1

tkï A yd B w;r ;j;a .egqula úh yels h'

(b) Yla;s ixiaÓ;s kshufhka"

1 1
mu 2  0  mv 2  mga (1  cos )
2 2
v 2  u 2  2 ag (1  cos ) (1)

116
ixhqla; .Ks;h mqyqKqùfï m%Yakdj,sh (ms<s;=re iu`.)

v

F  ma
R
2 (2) mg
mv
R  mgcos 
a
m 2
R u  2ag  3agcos 
a
When R  0 >    (say)
O  u 2  2 ag  3agcos

u 2  2ag
cos 
3ag
2ag  u 2  5ag kï
O  cos  1

tkï  iq`: fldaKhls'

tkï by< u ,laIHhg hdug fmr wxY=j f.da,h yer hhs'

u 2  2ag
cos  úg wxY+j f.da,h yer hhs'
3ag
v0
   > v  v0 úg R
(1) ka v0  u  2ag 1  cos 
2 2
 mg

 u 2  2 ag  2 agcos
 3agcos  2 agcos
v0 2  agcos (3)
1 2
S  ut  at
2
2 a sin   v0 c os  .t0 (4)

1 2
2 a cos   v0 c os  .t0  gt0 (5)
2

(4) yd (5)ka
2a sin 2  2a 2 g sin 2 
2a cos    2 .
cos  v0 cos 2 

a 2 g sin 2  a
. 
v0 cos  cos 
2 2

117
 ixhqla; .Ks;h mqyqKqùfï m%Yakdj,sh (ms<s;=re iu`.)

ag sin 2 
v0 
2
(6)
cos 
(3) yd (6) ka
tan 2   1
  450
u 2  2ag  3ag cos 450
 3 
u2    2  ag
 2 

05. (a) mshdir ld,h t kï

1 2 (1)
S  ut  at
2
 2h  u cos  .t
 (2)

1 2
 h  u sin  .t  gt
2

(1) ka
(2) g wdfoaYfhka
2h 1 4h 2
 h  u sin  .  .g 2 u
u cos  2 u cos 2 
2 gh
1  2 tan  
u cos 2 
2

2 gh h
1  2 tan  
u cos 2 
2

2h
2 gh
u 2 cos 2  
1  2 tan 

u 
2

2 gh 1  tan 2  
1  2 tan  

v  u  at
 v1  u sin   gt
2h
 u sin   g 
u cos 
2 gh
v1  u sin  
u cos 

118
ixhqla; .Ks;h mqyqKqùfï m%Yakdj,sh (ms<s;=re iu`.)

2 gh
 m%fõ.h   u sin  2 gh
 u sin 
u cos  u cos 
2 gh
 u sin 
tan   u cos 
u cos 
2 gh
tan    tan 
u cos 2 
2

 1  2 tan   tan 
tan   1  tan  u cos 

F R S
(b) m,E   m
m g 
S
 m , M  
f
B
 m, E   m,M   M ,E 

F


f+ Mg

F  ma fh§fuka
(M, m) System
 > R sin   MF cos   m( F cos   f ) (1)

 ( M  m) g sin   MF  m( F  f cos  ) (2)

m  F  ma fh§fuka
0  m ( F cos   f ) (3)

(3)ka f  F cos 
(2) g wdfoaYfhka,
 M  m  g sin   MF  m( F  F cos2  )
 M  m sin 2   F   M  m  g sin 

 M  m  g sin  cos 
F
 M  m sin   2

119
 ixhqla; .Ks;h mqyqKqùfï m%Yakdj,sh (ms<s;=re iu`.)

M  M  m  g cos 
f 
 M  m sin  2

M  M  m  g cos 
(1)ka, R 
 M  m sin   2

T1 m T2
06.  B
A M O
AM  MB  4l > Let MO  d .
O ys§ T1  T2

  d  2l  4  l  d 

2l 3l
3  d  2l   8  l  d 
11d  2l
2l 2l
d , OM 
11 11
T3 m T4
 . B
A M P O M
x

OP  x hehs .ksuq'
F  ma
 T3  T4  mx

  2l   4  2l  
  4l   x   2l    4l  11  x   3l   mx
2l  11   3l   
  24l  4  9l 

2l  11
 x  11  x   mx
 3l  
11

x x
6ml
tkï p,s;h ir, wkqj¾;S fõ'
(i) foda,k flaIa;%h x  O > (i.e) O
11
V2   A2  x 2  (A = úia;drh)
6ml 
2l 11
x > v  0 úg V 
2
 A2  x 2 
11 6ml
2l
tu ksid - A 
11
120
ixhqla; .Ks;h mqyqKqùfï m%Yakdj,sh (ms<s;=re iu`.)

tkï wxY=j M  g meñfKk úg laIKsl j ksi, fõ'

2l
fuys OM   > '
11
4l 40l
BM   4l    3l
11 11
;ka;=j ;j ÿrg;a ;o fõ
2  2 11 
 
  
foda,k ld,dj¾;h
6ml 

6ml
 2
11

11  2l  
2

V2     x 
2

6ml  11  

3l 3l 2l l
MC  > OC   
11 11 11 11
l
x > úg v  v0 hehs .ksuq'
11

11  2l   l  
2 2

V0 2        
6ml  11   11  

11 3l 2
V0 2  
6ml 11  11
l
V0 2 
22m

l
V0 2 
22m

121
 ixhqla; .Ks;h mqyqKqùfï m%Yakdj,sh (ms<s;=re iu`.)

07. OC  d hehs .ksuq' O

mys iu;=,s;;dj i|yd R
T
T  mg sin 300  0 C
2T  mg
300

3mg ( d  6a )
2  mg
6a mg
d  7a

Let CA  2a and CP  x

Ays § Yla;sh O
 3a 
2
1 C
 0  mg .2a.sin 300  .mg  x
2 6a P
Pys § Yla;sh A
300

a  x
2
1 1
 mx 2  mgx sin 300   3mg 
2 2 6a
Yla;s ixiaÓ;s kshufhka
mg 1 mgx mg
 9a 2  mx 2  a  x
2
 2mga.sin 300  
4a 2 2 4a
t úIhfhka wjl,kfhka"
1 mgx mg
O  
m2 xx  .2  a  x  x
2 2 4
g g
x   a  x
O  
2 2a
g

x x0
2a
 2 g 
x  A cos t  B cos t   
 2a 
dx
v  x   A sin  t  B sin  t
dt

t  0 > x  2a and x  0
2a  A (1)
0  0  B (2)
B0
x  2a cos t

122
 ixhqla; .Ks;h mqyqKqùfï m%Yakdj,sh (ms<s;=re iu`.)

x  a úg ;ka;=j yelsf<a'
t  t1 úg x  a hehs .ksuq'
 a  2a cos t1
1
cos  t1  
2
2
 t1 
3
1 2
t1  .
 3
2 2a
t1 
3 g

2
 t1  úg > x  2a sin t
3

2a 2
x  2a sin
g 3

3ag 3ag
x   > fõ.h
2 2

Y
08. (a) moaO;sh iy A ,CIHh jgd G hq.auhlg W!kkh l, úg"
X C
A , M G 600
M
B ,  Y .2a  G G
2
C , 2 M  X . 3a  Y .a  G
600  600
M 5M A x D B
G  M , Y  4a , X  4 3a

M 1 25
R X2 Y2  
a 16 48
M 7
R  Y
a 12

Y 5 
tan    x
X 3

123
ixhqla; .Ks;h mqyqKqùfï m%Yakdj,sh (ms<s;=re iu`.)

A jgd >Q¾K .ekSfuka"

R. AD sin   M
 R sin   AD  M
Y . AD  M
M
AD   4a
Y

f.da,h u; ls%hd lrk n,

Oys § W
Cys § T
B
F yd Rys iïm%hqla;h S fõ'

T, W, S n, Cys § ls%hd lrhs'
ˆ 
AB  h > OA  a > OAM T S
fuys   tan 
C
OM  a tan   a  F
M
a a A 
tan    R
h  OM h  a 

 a 
  tan 1   w
 h  a 

h 1  a 
When   >   tan  
2a  2a   a  
1
  tan 1  

1
tan  

AMB ;s%fldaKh i,luq'
T  MB 

W  BA 
AMB hkq n, ;s%fldaKh hs'
S  AM 

T W S
 
sin(90   ) sin 90  (   )  sin 

T W

cos  cos(   )

124
 ixhqla; .Ks;h mqyqKqùfï m%Yakdj,sh (ms<s;=re iu`.)

W cos 
T
cos(   )
W cos 
T
cos  cos   sin  sin 
W
T
cos   sin  tan 
W
T
 

1  2
1 2
W 1 2
T
2

E D
09. (a)
A
X  P  P cos 600  Q cos 300
P Q 3 Q
X  F P 3
2 P C
 Y  P 3  P sin 600  Q sin 300
QP 3
Y
2
600 G
A P B
R
(i) moaO;sh hq.auhlg ;=,H kï"
X  0, iy Y  0
túg P  Q 3 iy Q  0
tfy;a Q  0
moaO;sh hq.auhlg ;=,H fkdfõ'

(ii) Q  P 3 kï
X   P, Y  P 3
2P
 
2
/ R2  P2  3P P 3

R  2P 
tan   3 >   600 P

125
ixhqla; .Ks;h mqyqKqùfï m%Yakdj,sh (ms<s;=re iu`.)

(iii) A jgd iïm%hqla;fha >Q¾Kh A = jg n,j, >Q¾Kj, úÔh ftlHh''

3a
R. AG sin 600  Q.
2
3a
 R sin 60  AG  P
0
3.
2
3 3Pa
Y . AG 
2

3 3Pa 1
AG  
2 3P
3a
AG 
2

(b)

A
300

Y W
B X

W
BCys iu;=,s;;djg
C P
B Wa sin   P 2a cos   0
W
P tan 
2
PX 0 X P

Y W  0 Y W

126
 ixhqla; .Ks;h mqyqKqùfï m%Yakdj,sh (ms<s;=re iu`.)

AB ys iu;=,s;;djg
A Wa sin 300  Y .2 a sin 300  X .2 a cos 300  0
W
W  P 3  0
2
3W
P
2
B ys oS m%;sls%hdj
R X2 Y2

3W 2 2P
R W 2 tan    3
4 W

7W
R   600
2
Y 2
tan   
X 3
 2 
  tan 1  
 3
Y
10. (a) AB yd ACys iu;=,s;;djg A
X 
Y
R  S  4w  0  
R  S  4w
Y
B0
S .4a sin   w.3a sin   3w.a sin   0
R S
3w 5w 3w w
S > R
2 2
 F1  F2  0; F2  F2 (=F,, say)
 B F1 F2 C

ABys iu;=,s;;djg A0

F .2a cos   R.2a sin   3w.a sin   0
F  w tan 
5 w 3w

2 2
RS
1 1

R S
F F

R S

127
ixhqla; .Ks;h mqyqKqùfï m%Yakdj,sh (ms<s;=re iu`.)

F F  
iu;=,s;;djg ,   yd;  F F 
R S
R S
F F
i.e  
R S
F
 jeä jk úg S uq,ska  g <`.d fõ'
uq,ska u C iSudldÍ fõ'
F w tan   2 2 tan 
±ka  
R 5w 5
F w tan   2 2 tan 
 
S 3w 3
F
tkï" 
S
tan 
2 
3
3
tan  
2
AB i|yd
FX 0

 X  F  w tan 

Y  R  3w  0
w 
Y
2
Y
X
tan    3
Y
x
  tan 1  3 

128
 ixhqla; .Ks;h mqyqKqùfï m%Yakdj,sh (ms<s;=re iu`.)

(b)
(b)
300 300
(e)
P (a)
(c) 60N


oKav f;rmqï wd;;s

(d)
AB 100 -
40N -
BC 60 3
(f)
CD 120 -
DB 40 -
-
AD 80 3

X f

(g)
Y X  40 3
300
Y  220
40N
Ays § m%;sls%hdj
a
R X2 Y2
60N
 40 3 
2
0
30 n   2202
c 300 b
600
30 0
 20 133N
d Y
tan  
X
220
tan  
40 3
11
e g tan  
2 3

129
 ixhqla; .Ks;h mqyqKqùfï m%Yakdj,sh (ms<s;=re iu`.)

11. (a)

(-3, 2) 3 6
3 (2, 3)
1 (6, 1)
3
0

iïm%hqla;h R  F1  F2  F3
 (3i  4 j )  (i  6 j )  (3i  3 j )

R  i  7 j

X  1, Y  7 R  12  7 2  5 2 N
O  M  (9  6)  (36  1)  (8  9)  15  37  1  51

O jgd iïm%hqla;fha >Q¾Kh = O jgd n,j, >Q¾Kj, ùcSh ftlHh

Y .x  X . y  M
7 x  y  51
ls%hd f¾Ldj 7 x  y  51  0
iu;=,s;;dj O F4  i  7 j and G  51

1
(b) A =  BC.h1     2 BC  h1
2
 2.ABC A
1 
B =  CA..h2    2   CA  h2 
2  AB  CA
 2  .ABC
1
C =  AB..h3    2   AB  h3 B  C
2  BC
 2 .ABC

[h1 > h2 , h3 hkq A, B yd C isg ms<sfj,ska BC, CA, AB f¾Ldj,g we;s ,ïnl
ÿrj,a fõ' ABC  ;S%fldaKfha j¾.M,h >Q¾Kh ABC]

130
 ixhqla; .Ks;h mqyqKqùfï m%Yakdj,sh (ms<s;=re iu`.)

(i)      hehs .ksuq'

A=B=C 0

tal f¾Çh fkdjk ,laIH 3la jgd n, moaO;shl >Q¾Kj, ùcSh ftlHh Y+kHhg
wiudk ksh; w.hla kï tu n, moaO;sh hq.auhlg W!kkh fõ'

(ii) úf,dau jYfhka moaO;sh hq.auhlg W!kkh fõ hehs .ksuq'

/ A=B=C
2 .ABC  2 ABC  2 .ABC
/   

(c) M iu;=,s;;djg
T cos   F  Mg sin   0
 R T
R  T sin   Mg cos   0 

 F
F
iSudldÍ úg 
R Mg
T cos   Mg sin  sin 

Mg cos   T sin  cos 
T cos      Mg sin    

Mg sin    
T
cos     (1)

T wju ùug cos     Wmßu úh hq;= h'

cos      1
 
T wju  Mg sin    
wjYH wvq u n,h ,efnkafka   0 in (1) úg hs'
túg ^1&ka
Mg sin    
wjYH n,h 
cos   

P
  P sec 
cos 

131
 ixhqla; .Ks;h mqyqKqùfï m%Yakdj,sh (ms<s;=re iu`.)

12 (a) iu;=,s;;dj i|yd O G

O G  F1 .a  F2 .a  0
F2 S R
G   F1  F2  a O

iSudldÍ iu;=,s;;dfõ §
F1   S > F2   R w F1
 
G  a  R  S  (1) A

A S .a tan   R.a tan   G  0

G  a tan  ( R  S ) (2)

( R  S ) cos   F2 sin   F1 sin   w  0

( R  S ) cos    sin  ( R  S )  w  0 (3)

G cos  G
(1) yd (2)   sin  w0
a a tan 

G cos   1 
   w
a  
 aw
G
1   2  cos 
(b) iuñ;sl;dj wkqj .=re;aj flakaøh OC u; fõ'

C
G1 D G2 O

B 2 3 3r
w¾O f.da,fha ialkaOh M1  r  > DG1 
3 8
1 4
fla;=fõ ialkaOh M 2   r 2  4r     r 3 
3 3
1
DG2   4r  r
4

132
ixhqla; .Ks;h mqyqKqùfï m%Yakdj,sh (ms<s;=re iu`.)

ixhqla; jia;=fõ ialkaOh  M1  M 2 

Let DG  x

D  M1  M 2  x  M 2 .DG2  M1 .DG1
2 3 4 3  4 3 2 3 3r
  r    r   x   r r   r  
3 3  3 3 8
2 3 4  3 
 r   2   x   r 4    
3 3  8 

r 16   3 
x
8   2  

13r
   úg x
24
r 24
tan   
x 13
 24 
  tan 1  
 13 

133
 ixhqla; .Ks;h mqyqKqùfï m%Yakdj,sh (ms<s;=re iu`.)

13. M

Vertical line
G


C A O B  D

iuñ;sl;dj wkqj .=re;aj flakaøh OM u; fõ'

jia;=j ialkaOh .=re;aj flakaøh

2 3 3a
  2a  
3
w¾O f.da,h CMD M1  OG1   2a 
3 8 4
2 3 3a
w¾O f.da,h ALB M2  a  OG2 
3 8
14 3
md;%h CD M1  M 2  a  OG
3

O  M1  M 2  OG  M1 .OG1  M 2 .OG2
14 3 16 3a 2 3a
 a  OG   a 3    a 3 
3 3 4 3 8
45a
OG 
56
2a 112
tan   
OG 45
 112 
  tan 1  
 45 
fmrf<k fudfydf;a §
a sin   OGSn   OG R
a sin   OG
45a
sin   

56a G

45
sin  
56


 45 
  sin 1   w
 56 

134
 ixhqla; .Ks;h mqyqKqùfï m%Yakdj,sh (ms<s;=re iu`.)

14. (a) my; wxlk Ndú; lrkak'

S: Tyq uqyqÿ hhs
R: Tyq .`.g hhs
L: Tyq ú,g hhs'
F: Tyq ud``M w,a,hs'
1 1 1
P(S )  , P( R)  , P(L) 
2 4 4
8 4 6
P( F S )  , P( F R)  , P ( F L) 
10 10 10

8 1 8
10
F P S  F   
2 10
2
1 2
1 S 10 P  S  F   
2 F 2 10
4 F 1 4
1 10 PR  F  
6 4 10
4
R 1 6
10
P  R  F   
1
F 4 10
6 F 1 6
4 10 PL  F   
4 4 10
L 10 1 4
F P  L  F   
4 10
(i) uq`M iïNdú;d kshufhka
1 8 1 4 1 6
P( F )      
2 10 4 10 4 10
13
P( F ) 
20
2
P ^bßod Èk foll ud¿  13  7
(ii)  3C 2    
we,a,Sfï iïNdú;dj&  20  20

P ^bßod Èk 3 §u ud¿  13 
3

we,a,Sfï iïNdú;dj&  C3   
3

 20 
2 3
 13  7  13 
wjYH iïNdú;dj  3C 2      3C3   
 20  20  20 
2873

4000

135
ixhqla; .Ks;h mqyqKqùfï m%Yakdj,sh (ms<s;=re iu`.)

13 7
(iii) P( F )  , P ( F ) 
20 20

1 2
P  S  F  
P  S F    2 10  2
P  F  7 7
20

1 6
P  R  F   4  10 3
P  R F    
P  F  7 7
20

1 4
P  L  F   4  10 2
P  L F    
P  F  7 7
20
tkï jeä yelshdj we;af;a .`.g hdug hs'

(iv) fok ,o bßodjl

1 1 1
P (fofokd u uqyqog hdfï iïNdú;dj)   
2 3 6
1 1 1
P (fofokd u .`.g hdfï iïNdú;dj)   
4 3 12
1 1 1
P (fofokd u ú,g hdfï iïNdú;dj)   
4 3 12
1 1 1 1
P (fofokd uqK .eiSfï iïNdú;dj)    
6 12 12 3
P (fofokd bßod Èk folloS uqK
2 2 4
fkd.eiSfï iïNdú; dj)   
3 3 9
4 5
tla ojil § j;a fofokd yuq ùfï iïNdú;dj  1  
9 9

136
 ixhqla; .Ks;h mqyqKqùfï m%Yakdj,sh (ms<s;=re iu`.)

f x x  450
14. (b) d
100 fd fd 2
800 - 900 14 850 4 56 224
700 - 800 30 750 3 90 270
600 - 700 52 650 2 104 208
500 - 600 79 550 1 79 79
400 - 500 206 450 0 0 0
300 - 400 146 350 -1 -146 146
200 - 300 88 250 -2 -176 352
100 - 200 45 150 -3 -135 405
660 -128 1684

 128 
(i) uOHkHh x  450  100  
 660 
x  469.39

2
1684  128 
(ii) iïu; wm.ukh S  100  
660  660 
S  158.55

(iii) uOHia: mka;sh   400  500 

100  660 
uOHia:h  400    279 
206  2 
51
 400  100 
206
 424.75

3
 uOHkHh-uOHia :h
(iv) l=ál;d ix.=Klh
iïu; wm.ukh

 469.39 - 424.75
=3
158.55
 0.8446

137
 ixhqla; .Ks;h mqyqKqùfï m%Yakdj,sh (ms<s;=re iu`.)

(v) Ok l=ál;djla we;s jl%hls'

jl%fha yevh

ixLHd;h

fõ;kh

15. (a) my; wxlk Ndú; lrkak

A: jeäysá

C: <ud

M: msßñ

F: .eyekq

S: msyskqï ;gdlh Ndú; lsÍu

3 1
P( A)  , P (C )  ,
4 4

3 1 2
P(M C )  , P ( F A)  , P(F C ) 
5 4 5

1 1
P S A  M   , P S A F   ,
2 3

4 4
P S C  M   , P S C  F  
5 5

138
ixhqla; .Ks;h mqyqKqùfï m%Yakdj,sh (ms<s;=re iu`.)

1 S
2
3 M
1
4 2 S
A 1 S
1
3 F 3
4
4 2
S
3
4 S
M 5
1 3
1
4 5 S
5
C 4 S
2
F 5
5
1
S
5

 3 3 1 3 1 1 1 3 4 1 2 4
(i) P( S )                    
 4 4 2  4 4 3  4 5 5   4 5 5 
9 1 3 2 87
P(S )     
32 16 25 25 160

P S  F 
(ii) P F S  
P(S)

3 1 1 1 2 4
    
 4 4 3 4 5 5
87
160

1 2

 16 25
87
160
114
PF S    0.262
435

139
ixhqla; .Ks;h mqyqKqùfï m%Yakdj,sh (ms<s;=re iu`.)

P M  S C
(iii) P C M  S  
P(M  S)

1 3 4
 
 4 5 5
3 3 1 1 3 4
    
4 4 2 4 5 5
3
 25
9 3

32 25

3 25  32
P C M  S     0.2999
25 321

P  A  F   S 
P  A  F S  
P  S 
(iv)

87 73
P  S   1  
160 160
±ka  A  F   S    A  S    F  S 

tu ksid  A  S    F  S    A  M  S    A  F  S    C  F  S 
ol=Kq mi we;s isoaê ;=k u wfkdakH jYfhka nysIaldr jk ksid"
tkhska, P  A  F   S   P  A  M  S    A  F  S   P C  F  S 

 3 3 1  3 1 2 1 2 1
         
 4 4 2  4 4 3  4 5 5
9 1 1 341
P  A  F   S     
32 8 50 800
P  A  F   S 
P  A  F  S  
P  S 

341
 800
73
160
341

365

P  A  F  S    0.934

140
 ixhqla; .Ks;h mqyqKqùfï m%Yakdj,sh (ms<s;=re iu`.)

n1

x i
15. (b) 1  1

n1
n1 n2

 xi  n1 1 ,
1
x 1
i  n2 2

n1

x i
2

 12  1
 21
n1
n1

x
1
i
2
 n1 12  n1 12

n2

fuf,iu" x
1
i  n2 2 2  n2 2 2

n1 1  n2  2
uOHkHh ix.Kkh X 
n1  n2

n1 n2
 1  2
n1  n2 n1  n2
X  1 1  2 2

n1 n2
fuys 1  , 2  fõ'
n1  n2 n1  n2

n1  n2

x i
ix.Kk úp,;dj S 2  i 1
 X2
n1  n2

1  n1 2 n2 2 
S2   xi   xi   X
2

n1  n2  1 1 
2
1  n   n2  2 
S 
2
 n1 12  n2 2 2  n1 12  n2  2 2    1 1 
n1  n2  n1  n2 

 n1  n2   2
2
n1 12 n2 2 2  n   n2  2 
   n   n2 2 2    1 1
2  1 1 
n1  n2 n1  n2  n1  n2   n1  n2 

141
ixhqla; .Ks;h mqyqKqùfï m%Yakdj,sh (ms<s;=re iu`.)

n1 12 n2 2 2 1  n1  n1  n2  12  n2  n1  n2   2 2 

    
n1  n2 n1  n2  n1  n2 2  2n1 n2 1 2  n1 1  n2  2
2 2 2

n1n2
 112  2 22   12   2  212 
 n1  n2 
2

S 2  112  2 2 2  12  1  2 

2

X 
X
n

40 
X
20
jerÈ ftlHh  X  800
ksjerÈ ftlHh  X  800  50  15
 765
765
ksjerÈ X   38.25
20

 2

x 2
i
 X2
n

25 
x 2
i
 40 2
20
jerÈ x 2
i  500  1600  20  32500

ksjerÈ x 2
i  32500  2500  225
 30225
30225
ksjerÈ 2   38.252
20
 1511.25  38.252
 48.19
  48.19
  6.94

20  38.25  30  40.25
uq`M ix.Kkh i|yd 
20  30

142
ixhqla; .Ks;h mqyqKqùfï m%Yakdj,sh (ms<s;=re iu`.)

765  1207.5

50
1972.5

50
  39.45

 2  1 12  2 22  12  1  2 

2

20 30 20  30
 40.25  30.25
2
  6.94 2   82 
50 50 50  50
2 3 6
  48.19   64  4
5 5 25
481.9  960  24

25

1465.9
2 
25
 58.636
  58.636
  7.65

143
ixhqla; .Ks;h mqyqKqùfï m%Yakdj,sh (ms<s;=re iu`.)

144