VT Acceptance Criteria PDF

Acceptance criteria for visual testing
Acceptance
criteria for
visual testing
1
Presented By: Md . Arman Hossain. NDT Inspector (UT,MPT,DPT,VT,RT). +8801828576864 . armann951@gmail.com
1.AWS D1.1 for steel building structure Inspection.(AWS-American Welding

Society)
An “X” indicates applicability for the connection type; a shaded area indicates non-
applicability.
Hint-AWS-Section-6.Table-6.1.Page-218.
Statically Cyclically Tubular
Discontinuity Category and Inspection Loaded Loaded Connections
Criteria Non-tubular Non-tubular (All Loads)
Connections Connections
(1) Crack Prohibition
Any crack shall be unacceptable, regardless of X X X
size or location.
(2) Weld/Base-Metal Lack of Fusion X X X

Thorough fusion shall exist between adjacent
layers of weld metal and between weld metal
and base metal.
(3) Crater Cross Section
All craters shall be filled to provide the X X X
specified weld size, except for the ends of
Intermittent fillet welds outside of their
effective length.
2
(4) Weld Profiles X X X
Weld profiles shall be in conformance with
5.24.
(5) Time of Inspection
Visual inspection of welds in all steels may
begin immediately after the completed welds
have cooled to ambient temperature.
Acceptance criteria for ASTM A 514, A 517, X X X
and
A 709 Grade 100 and 100 W steels shall be
based on visual inspection performed not less
than 48 hours after completion of the weld.
On web-to-flange welds on girders, under run
shall be prohibited at the ends for a length
equal to twice the width of the flange.
(6) Undersized Welds
The size of a fillet weld in any continuous
weld may be less than the specified nominal
size (L) without correction by the following
amounts (U):
L U
specified nominal allowable decrease
weld size, in. [mm] from L, in. [mm]
X X X
≤3/16 [5] 1/16 (2)
1/4 [6] ≤3/32 [2.5]
≥5/16 [8] ≤1/8 [3].
3
0In all cases, the undersize portion of the weld
shall not exceed 10% of the weld length. On
web-to-flange welds on girders,
underrun shall be prohibited at the ends for a
length equal to twice the width of the flange.
(7) Undercut
(A) For material less than 1 in. [25 mm] thick,
undercut shall not exceed 1/32 in. [1 mm],with
the following exception: undercut shall not
exceed 1/16 in. [2 mm] for any accumulated
length up to 2 in. [50 mm] in any 12 in. [300
X
mm]. For material equal to or
greater than 1 in. thick, undercut shall not
exceed 1/16 in. [2 mm] for any length of weld.
(B) In primary members, undercut shall be no

more than 0.01 in. [0.25 mm] deep when
the weld is transverse to tensile stress under
any design loading condition. Undercut shall X X
be no more than 1/32 in. [1 mm] deep for all

other cases.
(8) Porosity
(A) CJP groove welds in butt joints transverse
to the direction of computed tensile stress shall
X
have no visible piping porosity. For all other
groove welds and for fillet welds, the sum of
the visible piping porosity 1/32 in. [1 mm] or
4
greater in diameter shall not exceed 3/8 in. [10
mm] in any linear inch of weld and shall not
exceed 3/4 in. [20 mm] in any 12 in. [300 mm]
length of weld.
(B) The frequency of piping porosity in fillet
welds shall not exceed one in each 4 in. [100
mm] of weld length and the maximum
diameter shall not exceed 3/32 in. [2.5 mm].
Exception: for fillet welds connecting
X X
stiffeners to web, the sum of the diameters of
piping porosity shall not exceed 3/8 in. [10
mm] in any linear inch of weld and shall not
exceed 3/4 in. [20 mm] in any 12 in. [300 mm]
length of weld.
(C) CJP groove welds in butt joints transverse
to the direction of computed tensile stress shall
have no piping porosity. For all other groove
welds, the frequency of piping porosity shall x X
not exceed one in 4 in. [100 mm] of length and
the maximum diameter shall not exceed 3/32
in. [2.5 mm].
5
2. IACS for Ship building Inspection (IACS-International Association for
Clarification Standard) (Hint:IACS, content-20.table-3).
Discontinuity type CLASSIFICATION

ACCORDING TO Acceptance criteria
ISO 6520-1
Crack 100 not accepted
Lack of fusion 401 not accepted
Incomplete root 4021 not accepted
penetration in butt
joints welded from
one side
Single pore diameter d ≤ 0.25t1) for butt
Surface pore 2017 welds1)(d ≤
0.25a for fillet welds) with maximum
diameter 3mm;
2.5d as minimum distance to adjacent
pore.
Undercut in butt
weld 501 depth ≤ 0.5mm whatever is the length
depth ≤ 0.8mm
2)
with a maximum
continuous length of
90mm
Undercut in fillet
weld 501 depth ≤ 0.8mm whatever is the length
6
3.ASME B31.1 for power piping(American Society of Mechanical Engineer)
Hint:ASME B31.1-Chapter-06.Para -136.4.2
Types of Acceptance criteria Remarks
Discontinuity
Crack Unacceptable Should be visible
Lack of fusion Unacceptable Should be visible
Undercut Max.1 mm Depth
Incomplete penetration Unacceptable Should visible
Weld reinforcement Weld reinforcement greater than
specified in Table 127.4.2.
surface porosity with rounded
indications having dimensions greater
than 3/16 in. (5.0 mm) or four or
more rounded
Porosity indications separated by 1/16 in. (2.0
mm) or less edge to edge in any
direction. Rounded indications are
indications which are circular or
elliptical with their length less than
three times their width.
any other linear Max.5 mm linear indication
indications
7
4. ASME B31.3 for Chemical Industry or Process Piping.

Hint:ASME B31.3.Section-6.Table-341.3.2.page71
Types of Discontinuity Acceptance criteria Remarks
Crack Unacceptable
Lack of fusion Unacceptable Should be visible
Incomplete penetration Unacceptable Should be visible
Surface porosity Unacceptable
Slag inclusion Unacceptable
Weld reinforcement T( mm ) height(mm)
Here show acceptable <6 mm <1.5 mm
height according with
>6--<13mm <3 mm
thickness,t
>13--<25 mm <4 mm
>25mm <5 mm
8
5. API 1104 for underground piping (American Petroleum Institute)

(Hint:API-1104,chapter-09,para-9.7)
Type of discontinuity Acceptance criteria Remarks
Crack Unacceptable Must be visible
Incomplete penetration Unacceptable Must be visible
Root concavity Unacceptable Must be visible
Undercutting 1. 0.8 mm or 12.5% depth of 1.if undercut cross 0.8
T is acceptable if not cross mm is unacceptable
regardless with length
50 mm length
2. 04 mm or (6%-12.5%) of T ,
maximum length is 50 mm
of continuous 300 mm weld
length or one-sixth of weld
length.
9
6. API-620 for low pressure storage tanks
(Hint: API-650, section-5, para-5.15.5)
7. API 650 for oil storage tanks
(Hint: API-650,chapter-06,para-6.5.1)
Discontinuity Acceptance criteria Remarks
types
(A weld shall be acceptable by visual
inspection
if examination shows the following)
Crack the weld has no crater cracks or other Must be visible
surface crack
undercut According to para-4.15-
There shall be a maximum permissible
undercutting of 1/64 inch(0.4mm) for
longitudinal or meridional butt joints and
1/32(0.8 mm) inch for circumferential or
latitudinal butt joints.
porosity The frequency of surface porosity in welds
does not exceed one cluster (one or more
pores) in each 4 inches of length, and the
maximum diameter of each cluster does not
exceed 3/32 inch.(2.4 mm).
Lack of fusion and Complete fusion and required penetration
exists at the joint between the weld metal
Incomplete
and the base metal.
penetration
10

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Acceptance criteria for visual testing

1.AWS D1.1 for steel building structure Inspection.(AWS-American Welding

(2) Weld/Base-Metal Lack of Fusion X X X

(B) In primary members, undercut shall be no

be no more than 1/32 in. [1 mm] deep for all

Discontinuity type CLASSIFICATION

4. ASME B31.3 for Chemical Industry or Process Piping.

5. API 1104 for underground piping (American Petroleum Institute)

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