Peter Behrens

Hamburg 1868 -
Berlin 1940
Born in Hamburg in 1868, Peter Behrens studied at the
Hamburg School for the Applied Arts from 1886 to
1889.

From 1890 he worked as a painter and graphic artist

in Munich, where he joined the Jugendstil movement
(Art Nouveau in Germany); in 1893 he was a
founding member of the Munich Secession.

He produced woodcuts, coloured illustrations,

designs for book bindings and crafts objects entirely
shaped by the Jugendstil formal language.

In 1897 Behrens found an institution in Munich to

produce handmade utilitarian objects.

In 1898 Peter Behrens collaborated on designing the

Berlin journal "Pan" and produced his first furniture
designs.
 Haus Behrens
In 1899 Behrens designed and built his
first house, his own dwelling. Designed
as a total work of art, "Haus Behrens"
caused quite a stir; Behrens himself
designed the architecture and the
interior with all its appointments and
furnishings down to the last detail.
 AEG Turbine factory

In 1906 Peter Behrens

received his first commission
from AEG to design
advertising material. AEG
hired Behrens as an artistic
consultant to work on a
wide range of projects. In
1908-09 Behrens designed
the AEG Turbine factory in
Berlin, a concrete, steel and
glass factory building with
an outspoken agenda.

As opposed to the “materialism”,

Behrens focused his design on the
belief strength of the artist and art to
transform the brutality of daily life in a
dignified existence.
The building mainly consists of steel components, glass, and stone.
The original building measures 25.6 m + 12.5 m in width, a height of
25 m and a length of 123 m. Behrens' design provided a neo-
classical look to the industrial building, with weighty (but non-
functional) gable ends and trabeated 'columns' to either side.
The factory structural system consists of a series of hinged arches, leveling
the building with a ledge. Thus, the visual impression created Behrens of a
lintel in which the vertical elements of the arcs represent the columns of a
classical temple.
 The entire deck is glass
and rests on a metal
trusses arcs mode
discharging directly on
the outer walls.

In the elevations of the long sides is achieved a contrast between the strength
of the structural supports and the quality fragile glass panels of the enclosure.
A glass wall interrupted and materializes the wall which strengthens the
contrast curve edge between the wall structure and glazed skin.
The cover follows the contour of the upper broken porches.
ANTONIO GAUDI
1852 - 1926
ANTONIO GAUDI CORNET was a
Spanish Catalan architect and
the best-known representative
of Catalan Modernism.

•Gaudí's works are marked by a

highly individual style and the
vast majority of them are
situated in the Catalan capital
of Barcelona.

•Gaudí's work was marked by

the four passions of his life:
architecture, nature, religion,
and his love for Catalonia

•Gaudí meticulously studied

every detail of his creations
•In his architecture he used a series of crafts, in which he
himself was skilled, such as ceramics, stained glass, wrought
ironwork forging and carpentry

•Introduced new techniques in the treatment of the

materials, such as his famous trencadís, made of waste
ceramic pieces

•Under the influence of neo-Gothic art, and certain oriental

tendencies, Gaudí became part of the Catalan Modernista
movement which was then at its peak

•Gaudí's work, however, transcended mainstream

Modernisme, culminating in an organic style that was
inspired by nature without losing the influence of the
experiences gained earlier.
 Sagrada Família
Basilica and Expiatory Church of the Holy Family

commonly known as the Sagrada Família, is a large Roman Catholic

church in Barcelona Gaudí devoted his last years to the project and at
the time of his death in 1926, less than a quarter of the project was
complete. The basílica has a long history of dividing the citizens of
Barcelona—over the initial possibility it might compete with Barcelona's
cathedral, over Gaudí's design itself, over the possibility that work after
Gaudí's death disregarded his design, and the recent possibility that an
underground tunnel of Spain's high-speed train could disturb its stability
The style of la Sagrada Familia is variously
likened to Spanish Late Gothic, Spanish
Baroque and to Art Nouveau. While the
Sagrada Família falls within the Art
Nouveau period, known as "Modernisme"

Gaudi carried the Art Nouveau style far

beyond its usual application as a surface
decoration.
Spires
Gaudi's original design calls for a total of
eighteen spires, representing in
ascending order of height the Twelve
Apostles, the four Evangelists, the Virgin
Mary and, tallest of all, Jesus Christ. Eight
spires have been built as of 2010

The masterpiece has been built in such a way that the appearance of
the building changes with change in the quality of light falling on it.
The colour and visual of the building looks Rugged and coarse in
sunlight while appears to dazzle brightly in night in artificial light.
Glory Façade
The largest and most
striking of the facades
will be the Glory
Façade, on which
construction began in
2002
Nativity Façade
Constructed between 1894 and 1930,
the Nativity façade was the first façade
to be completed. Dedicated to the
birth of Jesus, it is decorated with
scenes reminiscent of elements of life
Passion Façade

contrast to the highly

decorated Nativity Façade,
the Passion Façade is
austere, plain and simple,
with ample bare stone, and
is carved with harsh straight
lines to resemble a skeleton
if it were reduced to only
bone. Dedicated to the
Passion of Christ, the
suffering of Jesus during his
crucifixion, the façade was
intended to portray the sins
of man

The stone used is of various

shades of yellow ochre
mixed with brown which
gives symbolic skeleton like
feeling to the structure.
INTERIORS
The columns of the interior are a unique
Gaudí design. Besides branching to
support their load, their ever-changing
surfaces are the result of the intersection
of various geometric forms. The simplest
example is that of a square base
evolving into an octagon as the column
rises, then a sixteen-sided form, and
eventually to a circle. This effect is the
result of a three-dimensional intersection
of helicoidal columns (for example a
square cross-section column twisting
clockwise and a similar one twisting
counter-clockwise).

The insides are done in white and cream

tones which reflect a large amount of
light which gives the feeling of enlarged
space as well as increases the height of
the roof.
The yellowish lamps that are lit go very
harmoniously with the roof and the
surrounding columns.
 Geometric shapes are cut in stone
Symbolism which is of a slaty colour and
Themes throughout the texture and give the feeling of
decoration include words ancientness which relates to the
from the liturgy. The towers are ancient stories of Bible and very
decorated with words such as aptly present them to the viewer.
"Hosanna", "Excelsis", and
"Sanctus"; the great doors of
the Passion façade reproduce
words from the Bible in various
languages including Catalan
Casa Batlló

is a building restored by Antoni Gaudí and

Josep Maria Jujol, built in the year 1877 and
remodelled in the years 1904–1906

The building looks very remarkable

The ground floor, in particular, is rather
astonishing with tracery, irregular oval
windows and flowing sculpted stone work.
goal of the designer was to avoid straight
lines completely

Much of the façade is decorated with a

mosaic made of broken ceramic tiles
(trencadís) that starts in shades of golden
orange moving into greenish blues

Gaudi has again used a plethora of colours

without creating noisiness in the building.
The effect is smooth and very well merges
with the curves and textures present in the
façade.
ROOF OF CASA BATLLO:
We can see in the roof the use of coloured broken ceramic tiles.

The colours used are vibrant and very smoothly merge from warm to cool
They are intricately used and the spire is made white to extenuate the
hieght of the spire which makes it look taller and more beautiful.

The slow transform of colour creates a very interesting visual and holds the
viewer in awe. It also looks fresh and diferent every next time you see it.