Deflection of Beams

Macaulay’s Method
Problem – 5A
 36 kN/m 36 kN/m

A D
B C
2 2
6

Ra Rd

Analyze above beam ABCD of total span 6 meter having hinged

supports at extreme ends A and D, for slope and deflection.
Beam has UDL of 36 kN/m over the span AB and CD of lengths
2 meter.
Find the slopes at the extreme ends and the maximum
deflection.
 36 kN/m 36 kN/m

A D
B C
2 2
6

𝑹𝑨 = 𝒘 ∗ 𝒂 = 𝟕𝟐𝒌𝑵 𝑹𝑫 = 𝒘 ∗ 𝒂 = 𝟕𝟐

𝑺𝒖𝒑𝒑𝒐𝒓𝒕 𝑹𝒆𝒂𝒄𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏𝒔 𝑹𝑨 = 𝑹𝑫 = 𝟑𝟔 ∗ 𝟐 = 𝟕𝟐 𝒌𝑵 From Similarity.

 36 kN/m 36 kN/m

A D
𝒙
B C
𝟐 2
6.0
x
Ra = 72kN Rd = 72kN
2

𝑨𝑩, 𝟎 < 𝒙 < 𝟐, 𝑴(𝒙) = 𝟕𝟐 𝒙 − 𝟏𝟖𝒙𝟐

 36 kN/m 36 kN/m

A D
B X C
1 (x-1) 2
Ra = 72kN
Rd = 72kN
x
2

6.0

𝑩𝑪, 𝟐 < 𝒙 < 𝟒, 𝑴 𝒙 = 𝟕𝟐 ∗ 𝒙 − 𝟕𝟐 ∗(x −1)

 36 kN/m 36 kN/m

A D
B C X
(x-4)/2

Ra = 72kN
(x-4) Rd = 72kN
1 (x-1)

2 2

6.0

CD, 𝟒 < 𝒙 < 𝟔, 𝑴 𝒙 = 𝟕𝟐𝒙 − 𝟕𝟐 (x − 𝟏) − 𝟏𝟖 ∗ (𝒙 − 𝟒)𝟐

 36 kN/m 36 kN/m

A D
B C
2 2
6

Ra = 72kN Rd = 72kN

𝑨𝑩, 𝟎 < 𝒙 < 𝟐, 𝑴(𝒙) = 𝟕𝟐 𝒙 − 𝟏𝟖𝒙𝟐

𝑩𝑪, 𝟐 < 𝒙 < 𝟒 , 𝑴 𝒙 = 𝟕𝟐𝒙 − 𝟕𝟐 (x −1)
CD, 𝟒 < 𝒙 < 𝟔, 𝑴 𝒙 = 𝟕𝟐𝒙 − 𝟕𝟐 (x - 𝟏) − 𝟏𝟖 ∗ (𝒙 − 𝟒)𝟐
 36 kN/m 36 kN/m
36 kN/m

A D
B
2 C 2
2
Ra = 72 kN Rd = 72 kN
 36 kN/m
36 kN/m 36 kN/m

A D

2 C 2
6
Ra = 72kN Rd = 72kN

𝐴𝐵, 0 < 𝑥 < 2, 𝑀(𝑥) = 72𝑥 − 18𝑥 2

BC, 2<x<4, M(x) = 72𝑥 − 18𝑥 2 + 18 (𝑥 − 2)2
CD, 4<x<6, M(x) = 72𝑥 − 18𝑥 2 + 18 (𝑥 − 2)2 −18(𝑥 − 4)2
 36 kN/m 36 kN/m
36 kN/m

A D
B C
2 2
6
Ra = 72kN Rd = 72kN

𝐴𝐷, 0<𝑥<6

M(x) = 72 ∗ 𝑥 − 18 ∗ 𝑥 2 + 18 ∗ [𝑥 − 2]2 −18 ∗ [𝑥 − 4]2

AD, 0<x<6

Differential Equation of Elastic Curve.

EI*y’’(x)= 𝟕𝟐 𝐱 − 𝟏𝟖𝐱 𝟐 + 18 [𝐱 − 𝟐]𝟐 −𝟏𝟖[𝐱 − 𝟒]𝟐

Slope Equation
EI*y’(x)=𝟑𝟔 𝐱 𝟐 + 𝐂𝟏 − 𝟔𝐱 𝟑 +6[𝐱 − 𝟐]𝟑 −𝟔[𝐱 − 𝟒]𝟑

Equation of Elastic Curve

𝟑 𝟒 𝟑 𝟑
EI*y(x)=𝟏𝟐 𝐱 + 𝐂𝟏 𝐱 + 𝐂𝟐 − 𝐱 + [𝐱 − 𝟐] − [𝐱 − 𝟒]𝟒
𝟑 𝟒
𝟐 𝟐 𝟐
To find Constants of Integration.
Conditions on Seema*, y(0)=0 *Seema = Boundary
3 4 3 3
x3
EI*y(x)=12 + C1 x + C2 − x + [x 4
− 2] − [x− 4]4
2 2 2
𝑦 0 = 0, 𝑖𝑚𝑝𝑙𝑖𝑒𝑠 𝑡ℎ𝑎𝑡 𝐶2 = 0
𝑦 6 = 0, 𝑖𝑚𝑝𝑙𝑖𝑒𝑠 𝑡ℎ𝑎𝑡
3 4 3 4 3
EI*y(6)=12 6 + C1 6 − 6 + [6 − 2] − [6 − 4]4 =0
3
2 2 2
𝐶1 = −168
AD, 0<x<6

Differential Equation of Elastic Curve.

EI*y’’(x)= 𝟕𝟐 𝐱 − 𝟏𝟖𝐱 𝟐 + 18 [𝐱 − 𝟐]𝟐 −𝟏𝟖[𝐱 − 𝟒]𝟐

Slope Equation
EI*y’(x)=𝟑𝟔 𝐱 𝟐 − 𝟏𝟔𝟖 − 𝟔𝐱 𝟑 +6[𝐱 − 𝟐]𝟑 −𝟔[𝐱 − 𝟒]𝟑

Equation of Elastic Curve

𝟑 𝟒 𝟑 𝟑
EI*y(x)=𝟏𝟐 𝐱 − 𝟏𝟔𝟖 𝐱 − 𝐱 + [𝐱 − 𝟐] − [𝐱 − 𝟒]𝟒
𝟑 𝟒
𝟐 𝟐 𝟐