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RATIO ANALYSIS OF HERO FIN COPR SRINAGAR

GARHWAL, UTTARAKHAND
SIP Report Submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirement of the award of
the degree of

MASTER OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION

OF

HEMWATI NANDAN BAHUGUNA GARHWAL UNIVERSITY

(A CENTRAL UNIVERSITY)

BY
SWETA

ROLL NUMBER: 20134706019

Under the guidance of

Dr. Mahendra Babu k.

Assistant Professor

Business Management

HNBGU (A Central University)

2020-2022 Batch

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Declaration by the Candidate
I hereby declare that “Ratio Analysis of Hero Fin Corp, Srinagar Garhwal” is the
result of the Summer Internship project work carried out by me under the
guidance of in partial fulfilment for the award of Master’s Degree in Business
Administration by Hemwati Nandan Bahuguna Garhwal Central University.

I also declare that this summer internship Project is the outcome of my own efforts
and that it has not been submitted to any other university or institute for the award
of any other degree or Diploma or Certificate.

Place: Srinagar Garhwal Name: Sweta

Date: 24/12/2021 Roll Number: 20134706019

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Acknowledgement
I am hereby thankful to all the persons who spared their valuable time and helped
me a lot in preparation of this project report.

First I would like to express my sincere thanks to our university (HNBGU) for
giving me this opportunity. I am greatly thankful to my project guide Professor
Mahendra Babu Sir. For giving me proper guidance and cooperation in making
of this report more meaningful.

Last but not least, I would like to thanks my parents, for their constant guidance,
support and encouragement.

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CHAPTER2

INTRODUCTION-

Hero FinCorp, an associate company of Hero MotoCorp, is an Indian Non-


banking financial company (NBFC). The company is currently engaged in
consumer finance businesses and commercial lending. Consumer Finance includes
financing Hero MotoCorp Two Wheeler, Loyalty Customer Loans (top up loans
for existing customers) and providing Loans against property. On the commercial
lending side it provides Indian corporate with a wide portfolio of financing
products which include working capital loans, machine loans among others. It is a
captive finance company of Hero MotoCorp Ltd.

Finance Made Easy. Three simple words that drives India’s next generation ultra –
lean credit champion – Hero Fin Corp. Incorporated in December1991 as HERO
HONDA FIN LEASE LIMITED; restructuring of its parent company HERO
MOTO CORP LIMITED. Today they are present at close to 2000 retail financing
touch – points across Hero Moto Corp’s Network, and have partnered with over
2000 satisfied clients. Going forward, they plan to continuously expand their
offerings and geographic presence, whilst offering class leading financial services
to all sectors of the society.

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JOURNEY-

The company was launched in 1992 as Hero Honda Finlease Ltd by extending
working capital loans and medium-term finance to component suppliers and
dealers of parent firm Hero MotoCorp, and then called Hero Honda Motors Ltd.

In 2011, as Hero Honda Motors was restructured, the company was renamed Hero
FinCorp and acquired its present form. By April 2013, the company began giving
two-wheelers loans to customers. In 2014, it ventured into loans against property,
loans for small and medium enterprises and commercial loans.

COMPANY PERFORMANCE-
Hero FinCorp recorded a turnover of Rs.298.62 crores in 2014–15.

The company has been rated as AA+ / stable by rating agencies such as CRISIL
and ICRA.

External Funds Raised:

In September 2016, Hero FinCorp announced that they have raised about INR
1002 crores from internal as well as external sources.

Around INR 702 was raised from ChrysCapital, a private equity firm, and Credit
Suisse, a Swiss financial services firm. The remaining INR 300 Crores was raised
from the Hero Group.

ChrysCapital will take an 11% stake in Hero FinCorp while Credit Suisse will
hold around 2.5%. This transaction had valued the company around INR 5,200
crores.

The funds will be deployed to help the company achieve its growth strategy over
the next 12 to 18 months. The strategy entails entering new product segments,
such as home loans and used two-wheeler loans and by further augmenting
existing businesses, with special focus on used car finance, consumer durable and
SME lending.

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VISION

“TO BE FINANCIER OF CHOICE AND BECOME A ONE-STOP

FINANCIAL SERVICES COMPANY, BY OFFERING WORLD CLASS

PRODUCT THROUGH INNOVATION & TEAMWORK.”

MISSION

“WE STRIVE TO BE THE BEST, MOST TRANSPARENT, NEXT

GENERATION ULTRA LEAN CREDIT CHAMPION.”

VALUES

“OUR CULTURE MANIFEST THROUGH 5 CORE VALUES –

‘TITHI’

TEAMWORK | INTEGRITY | TRUST & RESPECT | HUMILITY |

INNOVTION & SPEED.

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COMPANY PLOCIES-

 CODE OF CONDUCT FOR DIRECTORS AND SENIOR


M,ANAGEMENT
Hero FinCorp Ltd. (hereinafter referred as HFCL or the Company) is
committed to maintain sound standards of Business Conduct and
Corporate Governance. It also believes in the conduct of its affairs in a fair
and transparent manner by adopting highest standards of professionalism,
honesty, integrity and ethical behavior and complete compliance of laws.
The Board of Directors {in short, the Board} and the Senior Management
of the Company undertake to abide by following Code of Conduct {in
short, the Code} adopted by the Board and affirm compliance with this
Code.
 POLICIES ON CORPORATE SOCIAL
RESPONSIBILITY
The Board of Directors (the “Board”) of Hero FinCorp Limited (the
“Company”) has adopted the following policy and procedures with regard
to Corporate Social Responsibility. The Board may review and amend this
policy from time to time subject to the recommendations of Corporate
Social Responsibility Committee. HFCL believes that in the strategic
context of business, enterprises possess, beyond mere financial resources,
the transformational capacity to create game‐changing development
models by unleashing their power of entrepreneurial vitality, innovation
and creativity. Such Corporate Social Responsibility ("CSR") projects are
far more replicable, scalable and sustainable, with a significant multiplier
impact on sustainable livelihood creation and working for a cause of
humanity.
 PRICING POLICY
Each client represents a different risk profile based on the promoter
profile, experience, credit and default risk in the respective business
segment, CIBIL scores, repayment track record of the borrower with

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lenders, group strength, nature and value of primary and collateral
security, etc. A cost premium/discount is attached to overall interest rate
on the loan for the client based upon the gradation of risks. HFCL ensures
fair practice and transparency to its customers and accordingly this interest
rate policy is also published on company’s website.
 BOARD DIVERSITY POLICY
Hero FinCorp Ltd. (hereinafter referred as the ‘Company’) believes in the
conduct of its affairs in a fair and transparent manner by adopting highest
standards of professionalism, honesty, integrity and ethical behavior and in
complete compliance of laws. The purpose for achieving diversity on the
Board of Directors of the Company is for the benefits of:-
•Enhancement of the quality of performance of the Board;
•Usher in independence in the performance of the Board;
•Eradicate the gender bias in the Board;
•Achievement of sustainable and balanced performance and development
in the Company;
• Support the attainment of strategic objectives of the Company; &
• Compliance of applicable law/s and good corporate practices.
The Company believes that to a large extent requisite diversity is already
present in the Board of the Company which, however, needs to be
reviewed in terms of this Policy.

SWOT ANALYSIS OF HERO FIN CORP

SWOT Analysis of Hero is a process of evaluating a company’s strengths,


weaknesses, opportunities, and threats. It allows you to maximize strengths,
overcome weaknesses, reduce risks, and increase your chances of success.
SWOT-analysis helps corporate decision-makers to develop strategic plans
according to the internal and external factors of the company.

Strengths-
 Enormous Brand Equity: This is the strengths of Hero MotoCorp. This
company is one of the largest performers in the market of two-wheelers.

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 Dominant Brand Image: A corporation can barely accumulate once it is
prominent by its denomination name. Hero Fin corp. is one of those corporations
that can play tough on the popularity area.
 Terrific Distribution: Hero Fin corp. has more than 3000 dealerships and
centers which have made it the leading company in the enterprise.
 Broad Variety of Products and services: The extra commodities a
corporation takeoff successfully, the more prominent it becomes. 

Weaknesses-
 Strong Competition– There is lots of national and international players in
the market who give tough competition to Hero FinCorp.
 Lack of Innovation– Most of the products of the company come with
almost similar features, whether it is in terms of design or functions.

Opportunities-
 Growing Industry– The demand for two-wheelers is increasing a lot,
especially during the pandemic, and that brings the opportunity for the company
to grow.
 Expansion of product line- The Company can introduce new services as
online services playing important role in customers.

Threats-
 Strong Competition– There is tons of other companies which are
emerging rapidly.
 Bad Debts- Some debtors don’t pay the borrowed amount which reduce
the company’s return.

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BOARD OF DIRECTORS
1. Chairman & Director : Mr. Pawan Munjal
He also serves on the board of various hero group companies,
Government and Educational Institutes.

2. Managing Director : Mrs. Renu Munjal


She is also actively involved in various philanthropic activities
across the hero group.

3. Managing Director & CEO : Abhimanyu Munjal


Abhimanyu has over15yrs of experience in strategic leadership &
people management. He has successfully spearheaded international
JVs, M&As and Complex Transformation.

OTHER MEMBERS
 Mr. Vivek Chand Sehgal
He is chairman of Samvardhana Motherson Group (SMG). SMG combines
the power of innovation and product quality across diverse industries,
especially automotive Mr.Sehgal was declare EY Entrepreneur of the year
2016.
 Mr. Sanjay Kukreja
He is the MD of Chrys Capital and leads the business services, financial
services, and manufacturing sectors for the firm. He holds an MBA from
IIM, Bangalore and a BA in Economics from SRCC, Delhi University.
 Mr. Pradeep Dinodia
He is a member of the ICAI, and a senior partner in the Delhi – based
Chartered Accountancy firm M/s. S.R. Dinodia & Co.

LEADERSHIP TEAM
 Mr. Ajay Sahasrabuddhe
Chief Operating Officer, Retail finance

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He is a retail finance Veteran with over 25 years of experience. He
is an expert in building & managing large and diverse distribution
network.
 Mr. Jayesh Jain
Chief Financial Officer
He has over 17 years of BFSI experience across Strategic Planning,
Budgeting, Accounting, Auditing, IT Governance, Fraud Control,
Regulatory Compliance and investor relations.
 Mr. Mahesh Sanghavi
Chief Business Officer
He is an alum of INSEAD Business School and has 20+ years of
experience in Credit Risk Management with expertise in
underwriting, Portfolio and stressed asset management.
 Miss Preemita Singh
Chief HR Officer
Preemita bring with her two decades of rich experience of leading
HR in BFSI, IT and consulting. She is a strong professional with a
proven record of delivering results, driving transformation, and
running large scale operations.
 Miss Priya Kashyap
Head- MDs & CEO’s Office
Priya brings with her 20+ years of rich experience in Non –
Banking Finance Companies. Having headed Risk Units in
previous assignments, she is known for effectively managing risk
in high growth environments.
 Sajin Mangalathu
Head – Technology & Operations
Sajin has 21 years of experience in Transforming Key Business
Processes & establishing governance mechanisms for information
Risk Management. He holds an MBA from IIM Bangalore.

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Product and Services of Hero Fin Corp
A product is a tangible item that is put on the market for acquisition, attention or
consumption, while arises from the output of one or more individuals. Although it
seems like the main distinction between the two concepts is founded on their
tangibility, which is not always the case. In most cases services are intangible, but
products are not always tangible.

 PERSONAL LOAN

Personal loans are short-term unsecured loans that are disbursed quickly, to meet
all your immediate /exigencies Requirement. The eligibility criteria are pretty
simple. You have to be 21-58 years of age, and have a valid Aadhaar and PAN
card.
For salaried persons, the minimum income required is Rs 15000 and they should
have been in current employment for at least 6 months.
For self-employed & professionals, the last ITR filed should be more than Rs
2,00,000 in value and they should have been in the current business for a period of
2 years. Loan amount can vary from Rs 50,000 to Rs 5 lakhs. Loan tenure is up to
60 months. The minimum age to apply for a personal loan is 21 years. Valid PAN
card and income proof are the KYC documents required.
Hero FinCorp is Best in class provider of financing solutions for all your personal
financial requirements, be it for Home Renovation, Family Functions & Wedding,
Shopping, Travel, Urgent Medical Treatments, Collateral-free personal loans with
Competitive interest rates and minimum processing fees.

How Personal Loan Works:


 Instant Personal Loans (up to 1.5 lac)
1. Install ‘Simply Cash’ app from play store
2. Choose a loan amount (up to INR 1.5 lac) & Preferred EMI
3. Enter your basic details such as Name, Income, Purpose of loan &
PAN Card Number
4. Complete your KYC Process
5. Input your Bank account details
6. Real-Time approval of the loan
7. Digitally sign eMandate & loan agreement
8. Amount Credited to your account
 Jumbo Personal Loans
Online-
1. Complete the application from site
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2. Upload the required documents online
3. Our personal loan team will contact you to complete the
application process
4. That’s it! Now sit back and wait for the money to get deposited in
your account.
Offline-
1. Visit the nearest branch office or DSA
2. Talk to an official & explain your exact need
3. Instant approval within 5 min*
4. Submit copies of the necessary documents.

 SMALL MEDIUM ENTERPRISES & COMMERCIAL


LOAN
SME loans are specially designed loans for SME’s and small businesses. They are
designed to be sync with the unique requirements and operating constraints which
small businesses encounter during various phrases their business. These loans are
available for buildup of current assets, fixed assets, Capacity expansion,
modernization and short term working capital including shoring up of net working
capital. These loans are avail for 12 to 84 months or 1 to 7 years. The
documentation requirement for availing corporate loans or loans for commercial
purpose, vary by product, location and entity type. Hero FinCorp provides loans to
address the financing requirements of SMEs. We help SMEs with financing
solution which are user friendly and can be adapted to the unique needs and
requirements of SMEs & small businesses operating in India.

WHY CHOOSE HERO FINCORP’S SME & COMMERCIAL LOANS?


Hero FinCorp’s customizable Small Business Financing options are tailor-made to
suit the needs of companies of all sizes and boost your competitive edge. Their
many benefits include:
 Affordable SME Loan Interest Rates – Hero FinCorp provides SME and
Commercial Loans at a very affordable interest rate which becomes more
lucrative when your credit score is high and business has profitable financials with
high-valued collateral.
 Easy Documentation and Quick Approval – Documents required for SME
loans are minimal and quick approval is provided with satisfactory loan
applications.
 Repayment Flexibility – To ensure maximum convenience, Hero FinCorp
gives you facility to choose a SME business loan repayment plan as per your cash-
flow cycle.
 Proactive Customer Service and Transparency – We believe in providing a
seamless customer experience that is why we ensure help at every step of the
commercial loan application process.

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 BILL DISCOUNTING OR INVOICE DISCOUNTING OR
PURCHASE INVOICING FINANCE
Invoice or bill discounting is essentially a loan against payments receivable. Now,
move your business on the fast track with Hero FinCorp bill discounting finance
to fulfil your immediate cash requirements. Hero FinCorp offers Invoice
Discounting or Purchase Invoicing Finance at very attractive and low interest rate.
Benefits include:
 Quick disbursal and immediate liquidity for businesses of all sizes
 Loan tenure of up to 120 days / 4 months
 Collateral not required for highly rated entities

 WORKING CAPITAL LOAN


Business of all sizes need enough cash in hand to fund their daily operations. And
this is where a working capital term loan comes in handy. These working capital
term loans with lower interest rates are lucrative and perfectly meet short term
business needs like wages, accounts payable, new project activities, etc. Hero
FinCorp offers both secured and unsecured forms of this loan. Benefits of a
working capital term loan are:
 Flexible tenure of 3 years and interest rate between 11% and 14%
 High LTV ratio of 75% to 80% and maximum loan amount can go up to
Rs. 5 crores
 Faster loan approvals and disbursement on fulfilment of required
documents

 SECURED TERM LOAN


Secured term loans fulfill the long term financial requirements of the business for
capital or operational expenditure. Hero FinCorp understands the long term
financing needs of business and provides secured term loan with long repayment
tenure. A secured term loan is suitable for businesses of all sizes and can be used
to purchase new plants, machinery, land, etc.
 High LTV of up to 90% against Security/ Collateral provided with tenure
up to 7 years
 Secured term loan up to Rs. 7 crores with interest rate between 11% to
14%
 Balance Transfer (BT) facility available
 Wide range of collateral accepted, including land, building, plant/
machinery, bank guarantee, FDR’s, and more.

 PROJECT & ACQUISITION FINANCE


If you are planning to buy out another business, special project, purchase new
business units or even set up new ones, Hero FinCorp helps provide you the
capital required through project and acquisition financing. The loan process
becomes faster if the business to be acquired features substantial profits, valuable
assets or a steady revenue stream.
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 Project and Acquisition financing at reasonable interest rates helps small
companies achieve economies of scale
 This loan is ideal for expanding operations and size of your business
 Low down payment accepted if company to be acquired is promising
 The loan application evaluates parameters like cash flow, total cost,
repayment structure and timelines

 MEDICAL EQUIPMENT FINANCING


Now deliver best in class medical facilities to your customers/patients with Hero
FinCorp’s Medical Equipment Financing. At Hero FinCorp, we understand the
healthcare industry needs and have come up with an easy solution to help you
purchase both new and refurbished machines through medical equipment
financing.
 A wide variety of machines such as X-Ray machines, Dental Chairs,
Ultrasound machines, Color Doppler, C-Arms, MRI Scanners, Cath-Lab and more
can be purchased.
 Loans start from Rs. 10 lacs onwards and the tenure goes up to 7 years.
 Attractive Interest rates starting from 11%*
 No Collateral (based on terms and conditions)

 MACHINERY LOAN
To grow business with a fast pace, businesses require new or refurbished
machinery which can boost their operations or manufacturing. To fund such
purchases easily, Hero FinCorp offers machinery loans that help businesses
expand at higher rate. The benefits of machinery loans are:
 Easy documentation and quick approvals
 Higher LTV (loan to value) up to 75%
 Flexible schemes to suit your unique business operation environment
 Long and flexible tenure up to 7 years

 Medical Equipment Financing
For the purchase of standard medical equipment including CT Scanners, Color
Doppler’s, Sonography Machines, MRI Machines, X-Ray Machines and other
medical equipment. To be eligible for a Healthcare loan you must belong to one of
the following categories:

 General or Super Speciality Hospitals


 Nursing Home
 Diagnostic Centre
 Pathology Lab Centre
 Speciality Clinics (like Skin, Dental, Maternity, and more)
 Dialysis Centre
 Endoscopy Centre
 IVF Centre

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 Educational Institute - Medical/ Paramedical College, Dental College
 Large Medical Equipment Dealer
 Pharmaceutical Manufacturer
 In addition, you need to:
 Current residence or office occupancy should be at least 3 years
 Should have a minimum experience of 3 years in running a
healthcare business.
 Possess repayment track records in serving any loan for at least 12
months.
 Provide banking details of at least 12 months with any schedule
commercial bank. The account needs to carry your major banking transactions.

WHY CHOOSE HERO FINCORP?


 Hero FinCorp is a best-in-class provider of financing solutions for both
new & refurbished medical equipment.
 We cater to all types of medical facilities such as Super-Specialty
Hospitals, Nursing Homes, Pathology Labs, Diagnostic Centres, Private Clinics,
etc.
 We finance a wide array of equipment including, CT/ MRI Scanners,
Cath-Labs, X-Ray Machines, Ultrasound, Colour Doppler, Dental Chairs, C-Arms
and many more.

 Used Car Loans

Existing second-hand car loan customers can avail of a top-up loan against used
cars for up to 175% of the existing loan value. The additional funds can be used
for a variety of purposes. The loan amount, however, depends upon several
factors. EMI Options Available on a Second- Hand Car Loan

Second-hand car loan customers have the option to choose between two EMI
methods for a convenient repayment experience.

Standard EMI:

Under this option, the loan interest and monthly instalments remain fixed
throughout the repayment tenure. This option is best suited for those who have a
steady monthly income that is unlikely to change soon.

Structured EMI:

Under this, borrowers can customise their second-hand car loan EMI. Usually, the
monthly instalments remain low during the initial period of the loan term and
increase gradually. This option is best for people who anticipate an increase in
their income soon.

WHY CHOOSE HERO FINCORP?

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 Hero FinCorp is a best-in-class provider of financing solutions for your
NEW used car.
 We finance both certified and non-certified cars of any make, model or
variant.
 Our loan products are available for Salaried, Self-employed individuals
and business owners.
We have range of used car products :
 Used Car Loan
 Balance transfer of Car Loan
 Loan Against Car
 LOAN AGAINST PROPERTY
A loan against property (LAP) is another form of secured loan. Self-employed and
business owners can avail of this loan after mortgaging their property as collateral.
It comes with a lower interest rate because the sanctioned amount is determined
based on the valuation of the property. As the collateral is commercial or
residential property, customers can obtain a large amount as compared to other
loan forms.
LAP helps businesses to expand. It helps you to maintain ownership of your
property without having to worry about meeting your financial obligations.

WHAT DOES HERO FINCORP CONSIDER WHILE APPROVING A LAP?


 Stable Income - We prefer borrowers with a steady and reliable income.
There are fewer chances of getting a loan against the property if you do not have a
stable income or if you earn by speculative means.
 Age Factor - As the borrower’s age increases, his/her earning potential
decreases. Therefore, we are more likely to lend to young people who are in the
early stages of their career than those who are nearing retirement or have retired.
 Occupation - We offer LAP to self-employed professionals and business
owners.
 Place of Residence - Loans are not available on agricultural property or
land that does not have government approval. As a result, the location of your
residence and the property you are willing to mortgage is crucial.

Documents Required For Loan Against Property


Before applying for a loan against property, applicants must have the following
documentation on hand.

2CHARGES ASSOCIATED WITH LOAN AGAINST PROPERTY


 Processing Fees - This fee is charged to cover the cost incurred during the
processing of your loan.
 Legal Fees- Before providing any funds, we assess the risk involved in
your profile by collecting all the legal documentation and by physically verifying the

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property and documents. To initiate this process, you may be charged with the legal
fee.
 Pre-Payment and Foreclosure Charges
(a) These depend on the type of the interest rate—whether it is floating or fixed
interest rate.
(b) There are predefined charges for prepayment and foreclosure of the loan. Read
the loan agreement carefully before applying for a LAP.

HOW CAN LOAN AGAINST PROPERTY BE USED?


 Business / commercial purposes -A loan against property in India can
help you expand your business, buy machinery or a new plant, maintain cash flow
and working capital, or finance a new project.
 Consolidation of debt - LAP loans can help you consolidate several small
but high - priced loans into one bigger loan, which is low-priced and has a higher
tenure. Your loan amount will also increase.
 Lease rent discounting - LRD is the process in which you can use rental
receipts from your existing property as security to get a LAP loan from Hero
FinCorp. This way, the money you get as rent will go into paying off the EMIs.
Consequently, you will be able to use the loan against commercial property or
residential property to buy new properties and get tax deductions.
 New commercial property - You can use LAP to buy new commercial
property, expand your business, earn more revenue and pay off your existing loan.

Why Choose Hero FinCorp For Loan Against Property?


 Loan amount - Hero FinCorp offers mortgage loan up to 75% of the
collateral value.
 Tenure and interest rates - Low-interest rates and long tenures make LAP
loans an attractive option when you need a large sum of money.
 Variety of collaterals accepted - Hero FinCorp accepts almost all kinds of
property as collateral. They can include land, building, apartment, factory, shop,
hospital, school, and more.
 Multiple repayment mode - You can repay your loan through online
payment, Electronic Clearing Service (ECS), National Automated Clearing House
(NACH), or post-dated checks (PDC).
 Doorstep document collection - Customer relationship professionals visit
your home to collect all the necessary documents.
 Fast processing - It takes only about 7 to 10 days to process a loan against
property in India if you are eligible and all the documents are in place.

 Unsecured business loans


An unsecured business loan is a business funding solution which requires no
personal or business asset as collateral. An unsecured business loan is easier to
obtain, quick, hassle-free and short tenure loan for business owners to fulfill their
business requirements. Unsecured business loans require the borrower to show a
good credit rating, with excellent financial history and business experience. Hero
FinCorp offers easy and quick unsecured business loan to Sole Proprietorship,
Partnership, Private Limited, Public Limited, Trust/Society and HUF for fast track

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business growth. Unsecured business loan assists business owners to increase their
business cash flow, expand business operations, office renovation, stock up on
inventory, technology upgrade, infrastructure, machinery lease, upgrade and
purchase.

FEATURES AND BENEFITS OF


UNSECURED BUSINESS LOAN
 Hero FinCorp’s unsecured business loans come with affordable interest
rates to help you meet your business goals easily.
 The loan amount can be anywhere between INR 5 lakhs and INR 25 lakhs,
as per your need.

 When you apply for a business loan with us, you get to pick from flexible
tenures that can go up to 36 months.
 The documentation required is simple and minimal and we approve your
request within 48 hours provided all required details and documents are furnished
properly

 Whether you are a wholesaler, retailer, manufacturer, trader, distributor or


B2B service provider, you can avail unsecured small business loans from us
 We offer multiple modes of repayment for your ease, including PDC,
NACH, ECS and Cash

Unsecured Business Loan Interest Rates And Charges


Unsecured business loan interest rate in India varies from one financial institution
to another, and so do the charges. However, the following factors usually
determine the rate you will be charged:
 Credit score: If you have a good credit score, getting a business loan that is
unsecured will be affordable, as you can expect a low interest rate or negotiate for
one. Note that the rate might be affected by your previous loan repayments as
well.
 Monthly income: Unsecured business loan interest rates are low if your
monthly income is high, as it means you can repay more easily.
 Amount of loan: The lower the loan amount, the lower will be the interest
rate, and vice versa.
 Lender-borrower relation: If the borrower enjoys a good relationship with
the lender due to a decent repayment history, he can secure a low interest rate.
 Loan tenure: Business loans without security come with low interest rates
when the tenure is long, and vice versa. However, a long tenure means you end up
bearing a larger interest burden.

Types Of Unsecured Business Loan


Unsecured loans for businesses can be of two types:

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 Line of credit – This is a flexible loan that you can use multiple times, as
per your need. You can draw the required amount of money multiple times and
pay (the interest) for only what you use. It is ideal for periodic business payments.
 Term loan – This form of unsecured business loan comes in handy when
you have a one-time need for capital to purchase a building, land or machinery. As
they are offered based on your creditworthiness and not collateral, they have short
tenures.

 Two wheeler loans


 Two Wheeler Loans are similar to any other vehicular loan, such as new or
used car loans. The asset (motorcycle or scooter) is hypothecated to the financier
such as Hero FinCorp. Upon paying the last EMI, the borrower receives a No
Objection Certificate from the lender, which is required for removing the
Hypothecation from the vehicle’s registration papers.

Benefits of Owning a Two Wheeler


 Freedom & Convenience : It is the first step towards convenience, mobility
& freedom, allowing you to go wherever you want, whenever you want.
 Safety : Personal transport offers safety, and with one’s own wheels, you
never have to worry about catching a bus or train.
 Saves Time & Cheap to Run : It helps save time, it is quick, reliable &
economical to run.
 Low Maintenance : Two Wheelers are usually low maintenance, with
minimal expense. Hero MotoCorp Bike’s provide years of trouble free service.
 Pride of Ownership : A bike comes with ownership pride and nothing can
match this feeling.
While availing a two wheeler loan, the EMI is a very crucial factor that comes into
play. EMI or Equated Monthly Installment is the amount that you pay monthly to
the financial institution from which the loan was availed. These installments
comprise the principal amount and interest rate on the loan. EMIs facilitate the
borrower to pay back the loan over a period of time, in equal monthly
installments. Until the last EMI, the vehicle will be hypothecated to the lender.
To ease your repayment, Hero FinCorp has introduced the concept of MMI or
Meri Monthly Instalment to make two wheeler loans even more accessible. Under
this, you get the liberty to select the amount of monthly installments, as per your
own convenience. The sales executive will design a loan plan for you as per the
selected MMI amount. The tenure of the loan, along with the rate of interest, are
the major factors that determine the amount of monthly instalments. Contrary to
the concept of EMI, where, the rate of interest and the tenure of the loan are
considered first, MMI, gives you the opportunity to select an instalment amount
you can afford to pay, and the tenure is fixed later.
Most lenders have their presence online and therefore, enable the use of two
wheeler loan EMI calculator on their respective websites. Using these tools, you
can enter the loan amount, rate of interest and the loan tenure to get an estimate of
the EMI that you will be paying.
 Loan amount: The higher the loan amount, the higher the EMI will be.
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 Loan Tenure: For longer tenures, the EMI will be lesser. The shorter the
tenure is, the higher the EMI will be.
 Rate of interest: A higher interest rate can lead to a higher EMI.
Hero FinCorp offers an online two-wheeler loan calculator to help you calculate
and evaluate your loan EMI.

 Working capital loan


A working capital loan can provide short term liquidity to a business to meet
emergencies, short term losses and carry out daily operations with ease. This loan
is not meant for long-term investment. Hero FinCorp provides working capital
loans to address short term financing requirements of SMEs. These loans can help
you tide over emergencies, maintain healthy cash flow, recover from short term
losses and fund day-to-day operations. As documents, you need to submit last 3
years’ audited financials, last 2 years’ tax returns, projections for next 2 years, last
6 months’ bank statement, latest shareholding pattern, PAN card, and address
proof.

REASONS TO CHOOSE WORKING CAPITAL TERM LOAN


 Daily operations and short term activities like inventory purchase,
accounts payable and wages can be met efficiently and smoothly with it. You will
have access to liquid asset and won’t have to depend only on order fulfillments to
start a new project.
 High loan to value ratio will ensure that you get a sufficient loan against
the collateral you provide, and get to expand your business the way you want.
 Flexible tenure options will let you pay back in a few years or few months
as per your convenience, depending on whether you need short term or medium
term liquidity.

BUSINESS BENEFITS FROM WORKING CAPITAL TERM LOAN


 Flexibility is the biggest advantage of this loan as it can be taken against
bills receivable, equipment, lease rentals or real estate.
 Business autonomy is guaranteed as there is no restriction on how you can
use the loan money, whether you want to buy new machinery or undertake
marketing activities for your brand.
 Quick processing makes this loan attractive, as minimal paperwork is
involved. Your application will be approved quickly, provided that the necessary
requirements are met.

COMPONENTS OF WORKING CAPITAL


 Inventory cost is a component that refers to stocking costs, and it covers
capital, depreciation, insurance, taxes, warehousing, shrinkage and obsolescence.
 Accounts receivable is the revenue that is expected to be received at a
certain future date. This also reveals the collections cycle of the business.

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 Outstanding dues or accounts payable are payments that the business has
to make to suppliers, vendors and distributors. To ensure smooth cash
management, the collections cycle is shorter than payment cycle.

LOAN FEATURES AND DOCUMENTATION


While tenure is of maximum 3 years, this SME loan interest rate will vary from
11% to 14%. Loan to value ratio of 75% to 80%, maximum loan amount of Rs. 5
crores and application processing time of only 7 to 10 days are other benefits.
Documents required:
 PAN card and address proof
 Last 6 months’ bank statement
 Last 2 year's IT returns and last 3 year's audited financials
 Next 2 year's projections and the most recent shareholding pattern

HOW IS THE LOAN PROCESSED?


 You first need to submit all necessary documents along with KYC and
application form
 Hero FinCorp will then gauge your eligibility, examine financials and
verify credit score
 If all requirements are met, disbursement of the loan will be approved
 The loan will be disbursed after checking legal and valuation reports and
follow-ups will be carried out too
Hero FinCorp’s working capital loans are ideal for tiding over sudden
emergencies, short term losses and funding daily operations so that your business
runs and grows smoothly. You can benefit from comfortable tenures, attractive
business loans interest rates, high loan-to-value or LTV ratio, fast approvals,
proactive customer service, easy documentation, and transparent service. As far as
eligibility for working capital loans is concerned, your business must be public,
private, proprietorship or you must be self-employed. You should have been in
your present business for at least 3 years and have a satisfactory credit score. To
avail this loan, your business should also be profitable as per industry standards. 
 Bill discounting & invoice discounting
Avail from our wide variety of small business loans or SME finance options that
include bill discounting, invoice discounting, working capital loan, machinery
loan and project and acquisition financing. You can benefit from comfortable
tenures, attractive business loans interest rates or SME loan interest rates, high
loan-to-value or LTV ratio, fast approvals, proactive customer service, easy
documentation, and transparent service. As far as eligibility for invoice
discounting, working capital loans and machinery loans is concerned, your
business must be public, private, proprietorship or you must be self-employed.
You should have been in your present business for at least 3 years and have a
satisfactory credit score. To avail small business loan in India, your business
should also be profitable as per industry standards. The documents you need to

22
submit include KYC and profiles of partners and directors, registration certificates
as well as company constitution papers. You will also need to provide audited
financial statements and projections of the last 3 years for a business loan. If
everything is in place, it usually takes 10 to 15 working days to process loans. The
amount of invoice discounting, working capital loans or machinery loans you can
receive and the business loans interest rates depends on the assessment of your
company and credit, and your need. As security for small business loans, you can
provide land, building, equipment, deposit certificates, fixed deposits, NSC, gold,
life insurance policies and so on.

BUSINESS BENEFITS FROM INVOICE DISCOUNTING


 Healthy cash flow and business growth: Bill discounting finance ensure a
healthy cash flow since it converts your invoices into cash, which you can invest
in your business instead of worrying about insurance against bad debts.
 Higher business flexibility: Purchase invoice finance or Supply Chain
finance provides higher business flexibility as the cash flow becomes steady and
there is no dependence on customers for working capital needs.
 Easy invoice management: While availing the invoice discounting loan,
your invoices get sorted and updated automatically, which can also help in paying
taxes.

LOAN FEATURES AND DOCUMENTATION


Maximum tenure for Invoice discounting finance is of 120 days with interest rate
ranging from 11% to 14%. 7 to 10 days are required for application processing.
Documents needed are:
 Address proof and PAN card
 Bank statement of last 6 months
 IT returns of last 2 years and audited financials of last 2 years
 Projections of next 1 year and latest shareholding pattern
 Home loan
A home/housing loan, also known as a mortgage, is an amount of money
borrowed by an individual, usually from banks and companies that lend money.
The borrower has to pay back the loan amount with interest in Easy Monthly
Instalments or EMI's over a period of time that can vary between 10-30 years
depending on the nature of the loan.

Eligibility & Documentation


 Eligibility calculator
Age limit at the time of maturity
 Salaried: up to 70 years or retirement (whichever is earlier)
 Self Employed: up to 75 years
Minimum Age Criteria
 Income applicant should be min 21 years old

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 Should be min 18 years old
 Maximum loan amount: 5 Crores
 Maximum loan tenure: 30 Years
Documentation
 Proof of both identity, age, and residence
 Income Proofs (Only for salaried applicant).
 Details of current loans
 Property related documents (If Property has been identified)

CHAPTER4
RESEARCH DESIGN
Research design is a broad framework that states the total pattern of conducting
research project. It specifies objectives, data collection and analysis methods,
time, costs, responsibility, probable outcomes, and actions.
The design of a research topic explains the type of research (experimental, survey
research, correlational, semi-experimental, review) and also its sub-type
(experimental design, research problem, descriptive case-study). 

There are three main types of designs for research: Data collection, measurement,
and analysis.

The type of research problem an organization is facing will determine the research
design and not vice-versa. The design phase of a study determines which tools to
use and how they are used.

A researcher must have a clear understanding of the various types of research


design to select which model to implement for a study. Like research itself, the
design of your study can be broadly classified into quantitative and qualitative.

Qualitative: Qualitative research determines relationships between collected data


and observations based on mathematical calculations. Theories related to a
naturally existing phenomenon can be proved or disproved using statistical
methods. Researchers rely on qualitative research methods that conclude “why” a
particular theory exists along with “what” respondents have to say about it.

Quantitative: Quantitative research is for cases where statistical conclusions to


collect actionable insights are essential. Numbers provide a better perspective to
make critical business decisions. Quantitative research methods are necessary for
the growth of any organization. Insights drawn from hard numerical data and
analysis prove to be highly effective when making decisions related to the future
of the business.

Data Collection

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Data collection can be understood as a procedure of collecting, gauging, and
analyzing the exact insights to do effective research with the help of best-suited
techniques that help researchers evaluate their hypothesis.  Key points to note
here-

1. You must be familiar with the aim and goal of the research you are doing.
Having a thought-out plan or even a rough one helps in marking the steps
that one has to take to achieve particular results.
2. Also, know what type of data you are going to gather. Different types of
processes will require one to choose the kind of data that they will be
needing. Using appropriate data enhances the speed of the whole process.
3. Protocols for collecting data, then storing and processing it. There go the
matters of ethics, principles, etc., which one should follow while collecting
data. Along with that, the data has to be organized and managed
simultaneously.

Methodology
The information is collected through secondary sources during the project. That
information was utilized for calculating performance evaluation and based on that,
interpretation were made.
Sources of secondary data:
1. Most of the calculations are made on the financial statements of the
company provided statements.
2. Referring standard texts and referred books collected some of the
information regarding theoretical aspects.
3. Method to assess the performance of the company method of observation
of the work in finance department in followed.
Financial Analysis
Financial analysis is the process of evaluating businesses, projects, budgets, and
other finance-related transactions to determine their performance and suitability.
Typically, financial analysis is used to analyze whether an entity is
stable, solvent, liquid, or profitable enough to warrant a monetary investment.
Financial analysis is used to evaluate economic trends, set financial policy, build
long-term plans for business activity, and identify projects or companies for
investment. This is done through the synthesis of financial numbers and data. A
financial analyst will thoroughly examine a company's financial statements—
the income statement, balance sheet, and cash flow statement. Financial analysis
can be conducted in both corporate finance and investment finance settings.

One of the most common ways to analyze financial data is to calculate ratios
from the data in the financial statements to compare against those of other
companies or against the company's own historical performance.

25
Literature Review – Financial Ratio Analysis

Firms and Companies include ‘Ratios’ in their external report to which it can be
referred as ‘highlights’. Only with the help of ratios the financial statements are
meaningful. It is therefore, not surprising that ratio analysis feature are prominently
in the literature on financial management. According to Mcleary (1992) ratio means
“an expression of a relationship between any two figures or groups of figures in the
financial statements of an undertaking”.
Prasanta Paul (2011) stated on the Financial Performance Evaluation – Some of
the selected NBFCs are taken for the comparative study. In the study, five of the
listed NBFCs are considered for the analyzation of comparative financial
performance. Different type of statistical tools like standard deviation, arithmetic
mean, correlation etc. are used extensively.
Sheela Christina (2011) reported on Financial Performance of Wheels India Ltd.
Secondary data collection method is used for the analytical type of research
design. Before conducting the study, validity and reliability is checked for the past
five years where the researcher used this for the purpose of study.
Ried Edwardj and Srinivasan Suraj (2010) made an investigation to check whether
the special items presented by the managers’ in the financial statements reflected
in the economic performance or opportunism.
Gaur Jighyasu (2010) focuses on the measurement of financial performance of
business group companies of nonmetallic mineral products industries of India.
This study uses the 57 business group companies’ financial data of nonmetallic
mineral products industries of India such as glass, cement, jewellery and gems,
ceramic tiles, refractories etc.
Amalendu Bhunia (2010) took the analysis of pharmaceutical company’s
financial performance to understand how the management of finance playing a
crucial role in the growth. For a period of twelve years the study has undertaken
from 1997-98 to 2008-09.
CHAPTER6
RATIO ANALYSIS
The term “Ratio” refers to the numerical and quantitative relationship between
two items and variables. This relationship can be exposed as
 Percentages
 Fractions
 Proportion of numbers
Ratio analysis is referred to as the study or analysis of the line items present in the
financial statements of the company. It can be used to check various factors of a
business such as profitability, liquidity, solvency and efficiency of the company or
the business.

26
Steps in ratio analsis
 The first task of the financial analyst is to select the information relevant to
the decision under consideration from the statements and calculates
appropriate ratios.
 The second step is to compare the calculated ratios with the ratios of the
same firm relating to past or with the industry ratios. This step facilitates in
assessing success or failure of the firm.
 The third step involves interpretation, drawing of inferences and report-
writing. Conclusions are drawn after comparison in the shape of report or
recommended course of action.
Nature of ratio analysis

Ratio analysis is a technique of analysis and interpretation of financial statements.

It is the process of establishing and interpreting various ratios for helping in

making certain decisions. However, ratio analysis is not an end in itself. It is only

a means of better understanding of financial strengths and weaknesses of a firm.

Calculation of mere ratios does not serve any purpose, unless several appropriate

ratios are analyzed and interpreted. There are a number of ratios which can be

calculated from the information given in the financial statements, but the analyst

has to select the appropriate data and calculate only a few appropriate ratios from

the same keeping in mind the objective of analysis. The ratios may be used as a

symptom like blood pressure, the pulse rate or the body temperature and their

interpretation depends upon the calibre and competence of the analyst.

The following are the four steps involved in the ratio analysis:

(i) Selection of relevant data from the financial statements depending upon the

objective of the analysis.

(ii) Calculation of appropriate ratios from the above data.

(iii) Comparison of the calculated ratios with the ratios of the same firm in the

past, or the ratios developed from projected financial statements or the ratios of

27
some other firms or the comparison with ratios of the industry to which the firm

belongs.

(iv) Interpretation of the ratios.

Use of Financial Ratio

There are several stakeholders who might need to use financial ratio analysis:

 Financial managers: Financial managers must have the information that


financial ratio analysis imparts about the performance of the various
financial functions of the business firm. Ratio analysis is a valuable and
powerful financial analysis tool.
 Competitors: Other business firms find the information about the other
firms in their industry important for their own competitive strategy.
 Investors: For either publicly traded firms or firms financed by venture
capital, potential investors need the financial information gleaned from
ratio analysis to determine whether or not they want to invest in the
business.

Pros of Financial Ratio

 Helpful in setting goals for high performance: Through financial ratio


analysis, financial and business managers can determine acceptable
financial performance for the business firm. The firm can see what is a
realistic performance by viewing its own performance across time and
aspire to better performance by looking at the industry leader's financial
data.
 Useful for small firms with a narrow focus or divisions of large firms:
Large, multidivisional firms don't find financial ratio analysis useful for
the firm as a whole. Since ratios are only useful when compared to
industry or firm financial data, smaller firms with one line of business or
the divisions of larger firms find ratio analysis useful.
 Useful to analyze a firm performance across periods of time: Time-series
or trend financial ratio analysis lets firms evaluate financial performance
across periods of time such as a quarter or a fiscal year.
 Useful to compare firms on a cross-sectional or industry basis: Comparing
a firm's financial performance to a group of similar firms within an
industry allows the financial manager to see where the firm stands
competitively.

Cons of Financial ratios

 Not useful for large, multidivisional firms: Since ratio analysis is only
useful on a comparative basis, divisions of large firms can use this

28
financial analysis technique, but it is not useful for a multidivisional
company as a whole.
 Problems if there is inflation: If the business firm is operating in an
inflationary environment, financial data will be distorted from one time
period to another and ratio analysis will not be useful
 Window dressing: Firms can cheat and window dress their financial
statements. Window dressing is the act of making financial statements
look stronger but manipulating data.
 Seasonal and cyclical firms: If business firms have seasonal or cyclical
sales, financial ratio analysis using time-series data would yield distorted
results since sales vary widely between time periods.

Classification of Ratios

There are actually two ways in which financial ratios can be classified. There is the
classical approach, where ratios are classified on the basis of the accounting
statement from where they are obtained. The other is a more functional
classification, based on the uses of the ratios and the purpose for which they are
calculated.

[A] Traditional Classification

Traditional Classification has three types of ratios, namely

i. Profit and Loss Ratios

ii. Balance Sheet Ratios

iii. Composite Ratios

1] Profit and Loss Ratios

When both figures are derived from the statement of Profit and Loss A/c we will call
it a Profit and Loss Ratio. It can also be known as Income Statement Ratio or
Revenue Statement Ratio. One such example is the Gross Profit ratio, which is the
ratio of Gross Profit to Sales or Revenue. As you will notice, both these amounts will
be derived from the Profit and Loss A/c. Other examples include Operating ratio,
Net Profit ratio, Stock Turnover Ratio etc.

2] Balance Sheet Ratios

Just as above, if both the variables are obtained from the balance sheets, it is known
as a balance sheet ratio. When such a ratio expresses the relation between two
accounts of the balance sheet, we also call them financial ratios (other than
accounting ratios).

29
Take for example Current ratio that compares current assets to current liabilities,
both derived from the balance sheet. Other examples include Quick Ratio, Capital
Gearing Ratio, Debt-Equity ratio etc.

3] Composite Ratios

A composite ratio or combined ratio compares two variables from two


different accounts. One is taken from the Profit and Loss A/c and the other from the
Balance Sheet. For example the ratio of Return on Capital Employed. The profit
(return) figure will be obtained from the Income Statement and the Capital
Employed is seen in the Balance Sheet. A few other examples are Debtors Turnover
Ratio, Creditors Turnover ratio, Earnings Per Share etc.

[B] Functional Classification

Then we move onto the functional classification. These help us group the ratios
according to the functions they perform in our understanding and analysis
of financial statements. This is a more accurate and useful classification of ratios,
and hence more commonly used as well. The types of ratios according to the
functional classification are

 Liquidity Ratio

 Leverage Ratios

 Activity Ratios

 Profitability Ratios

[C] Significance Ratios

Some ratios are important than others and the firm may classify them as primary
and secondary ratios. The primary ratio is one, which of the prime importance to a
concern. The other ratios that support the primary ratio are called secondary ratios.

IN THE VIEW OF FUNCTIONAL CLASSIFICATION THE RATIOS


ANALYSES ARE:

1. LIQUIDITY RATIOS

Liquidity is required for a business to meet its short term obligations. Liquidity
ratios are a measure of the ability of a company to pay off its short-term liabilities.
Liquidity ratios determine how quickly a company can convert the assets and use
them for meeting the dues that arise. The higher the ratio, the easier is the ability
to clear the debts and avoid defaulting on payments.
This is a very important criterion that creditors check before offering short term
loans to the business. An organisation which is unable to clear dues results in

30
creating impact on the creditworthiness and also affects credit rating of the
company.

Types of Liquidity Ratio


There are following types of liquidity ratios:

1. Current Ratio or Working Capital Ratio


2. Quick Ratio also known as Acid Test Ratio
3. Cash Ratio also known Cash Asset Ratio or Absolute Liquidity Ratio
4. Net Working Capital Ratio

Current Ratio or Working Capital Ratio


The current ratio is a measure of a company’s ability to pay off the obligations
within the next twelve months. This ratio is used by creditors to evaluate whether
a company can be offered short term debts. It also provides information about the
company’s operating cycle. It is also popularly known as Working capital ratio. It
is obtained by dividing the current assets with current liabilities.
Current ratio is calculated as follows:
Current ratio = Current Assets / Current Liabilities
A higher current ratio around two(2) is suggested to be ideal for most of the
industries while a lower value (less than 1) is indicative of a firm having difficulty
in meeting its current liabilities.

Quick Ratio or Acid Test Ratio


Quick ratio is also known as Acid test ratio is used to determine whether a
company or a business has enough liquid assets which are able to be instantly
converted into cash to meet short term dues. It is calculated by dividing the liquid
current assets by the current liabilities
It is represented as
Quick Ratio = (Cash + Marketable securities + Accounts receivable) / Current
liabilities
The ideal quick ratio should be one(1) for a financially stable company.

Cash Ratio or Absolute Liquidity Ratio


Cash ratio is a measure of a company’s liquidity in which it is measured whether
the company has the ability to clear off debts only using the liquid assets (cash
and cash equivalents such as marketable securities). It is used by creditors for
determining the relative ease with which a company can clear short term
liabilities.
It is calculated by dividing the cash and cash equivalents by current liabilities.
Cash ratio = Cash and equivalent / Current liabilities

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2.LEVERAGE RATIO
Leverage ratio is one of the most important of the financial ratios as it determines
how much of the capital that is present in the company is in the form of debts. It
also analyses how the company is able to meet its obligations.
Leverage ratio becomes more critical as it analyzes the capital structure of the
company and the way it can manage its capital structure so that it can pay off the
debts.
(a) Proprietary Ratio
A variant to the debt-equity ratio is the proprietary ratio which is also
known as equity ratio. This ratio establishes relationship between
shareholder’s funds to total assets of the firm.
Proprietary Ratio= Shareholder’s or Proprietors Fund / Total Assets –
Fictitious Assets
Shareholder’s Fund= Equity Share Capital + Preference Share
Capital + Reserve and Surplus
Total Assets= Fixed Assets+ Current Assets ( Cash in hand &
at bank + Bill Receivable + Inventories + Marketable Securities
+ Short - term investment + Sundry Debtors + Prepaid
Expenses)
3.ACTIVITY RATIOS
An activity ratio is a type of financial metric that indicates how efficiently a
company is leveraging the assets on its balance sheet, to generate revenues and
cash. Commonly referred to as efficiency ratios, activity ratios help analysts
gauge how a company handles inventory management, which is key to its
operational fluidity and overall fiscal health.  It is used to check the level of
investment made on an asset and the revenue that it is generating. For this reason,
the activity ratio is also known as the efficiency ratio or the more popular turnover
ratio.
(a) Working Capital turnover ratio
This ratio is helpful in determining the effectiveness with which a company is
able to utilise its working capital for generating sales of its goods.
The formula for calculating working capital turnover ratio is
Working capital turnover ratio = Sale or Costs of Goods Sold / Working
Capital
If a company has a higher level of working capital it shows that the working
capital of the business is utilized properly and on the other hand, a low
working capital suggests that business has too many debtors and the inventory
is unused.
(b) Fixed Assets Turnover Ratio
Fixed asset turnover measures the company’s efficiency in using fixed assets to
earn revenue. We calculate it by dividing revenue by the average fixed assets in the
last two years.

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We can see fixed assets in the non-current assets section of the balance sheet.
Companies may present them as property, plant, and equipment (PP&E).

 Fixed asset turnover = Revenue / Average fixed assets

A higher ratio is desirable because it shows the company is more efficient in using
fixed assets to generate revenue. Conversely, a low ratio usually indicates
operating inefficiency.

However, the ideal ratio will also depend on the industry in which the company
operates. For example, in capital-intensive industries, companies rely heavily on
fixed assets such as machinery and equipment. 

In addition, the ratio also depends on how long the company has been operating.
The new company has newer fixed assets, so its accumulated depreciation is lower
than the older assets. Thus, the book value – which we used as the divisor in the
above formula – will be higher.

(c) Capital Turnover Ratio


Capital turnover is the measure that indicates organization’s efficiency in
relation to the utilization of capital employed in the business and it is
calculated as a ratio of total annual turnover divided by the total amount of
stockholder’s equity (also known as net worth) and the higher the ratio, the
better is the utilization of capital employed.
Capital Turnover = Total Sales / Shareholder’s Equity

Where,

 The total sale of the company is the total turnover of the company in an
accounting year or of a period for which the ratio is calculated.
 The shareholder’sequity, also known as capital employed/net worth, is the
total amount of investment made by shareholders in the company till the date of
calculation of the ratio.

4.Profitability Ratio

Ratios help in interpreting the financial data and taking decisions


accordingly. Accounting ratios are of four types: liquidity ratios, solvency ratios,
turnover ratios, profitability ratios. Accounting ratios measuring profitability are
known as Profitability Ratio.

(a) Net Profit Ratio

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Net Profit Ratio measures the relationship between Net Profit and Net Sales.
It shows the percentage of Net Profit earned on Revenue from Operations.

Net Profit Ratio = (Net Profit/Net Sales) x 100

Net Profit = Revenue from Operations – Cost of Revenue from Operations –


Operating Expenses – Non-operating Expenses + Non-operating Incomes –
Tax

Objective:

 Net Profit Ratio indicates the overall efficiency of the business.


 Higher the Net Profit Ratio, better is the business. An increase in the ratio
over the previous year shows improvement in operational efficiency.

(b) Operating Profit Ratio

Operating Profit Ratio measures the relationship between Operating Profit


and Revenue from Operations, i.e. Net Sales.

We compute Operating Profit Ratio by dividing operating profit by revenue


from operations (Net Sales) and is express in Percentage.

 Operating Profit Ratio = (Operating Profit/Revenue from Operations) x 100


 Operating Profit = Gross Profit + Other Operating Income – Other Operating
Expenses

Or,

= Net Profit (Before Tax) + Non-operating Expenses – Non-operating


Incomes

Or,

= Revenue from Operations – Operating Cost

The objective of computing Operating Profit Ratio is to determine the operational


efficiency of the business. An increase in the ratio over the previous period shows
improvement in the operational efficiency of the business enterprise.

(c) Price – Earning Ratio

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The price-to-earnings ratio (P/E ratio) is the ratio for valuing a company that
measures its current share price relative to its earnings per share (EPS). The
price-to-earnings ratio is also sometimes known as the price multiple or the
earnings multiple. P/E ratios are used by investors and analysts to determine the
relative value of a company's shares in an apples-to-apples comparison. It can
also be used to compare a company against its own historical record or to
compare aggregate markets against one another or over time.

The formula and calculation used for this process are as follows.

Profit-Earning Ratio=Market Value of Share/Earning Per Share

To determine the P/E value, one must simply divide the current stock price by
the earnings per share (EPS).

DATA ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION-

Liquidity Ratio-

(Amount in Cr...)

For the year 2016 1.31:1


For the year 2017 1.19:1
For the year 2018 0.93:1
For the year 2019 1.12:1
For the year 2020 0.44:1

CHAPTER2

INTRODUCTION-

Hero FinCorp, an associate company of Hero MotoCorp, is an Indian Non-


banking financial company (NBFC). The company is currently engaged in
consumer finance businesses and commercial lending. Consumer Finance includes
financing Hero MotoCorp Two Wheeler, Loyalty Customer Loans (top up loans
for existing customers) and providing Loans against property. On the commercial
lending side it provides Indian corporate with a wide portfolio of financing
products which include working capital loans, machine loans among others. It is a
captive finance company of Hero MotoCorp Ltd.

Finance Made Easy. Three simple words that drives India’s next generation ultra –
lean credit champion – Hero Fin Corp. Incorporated in December1991 as HERO
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HONDA FIN LEASE LIMITED; restructuring of its parent company HERO
MOTO CORP LIMITED. Today they are present at close to 2000 retail financing
touch – points across Hero Moto Corp’s Network, and have partnered with over
2000 satisfied clients. Going forward, they plan to continuously expand their
offerings and geographic presence, whilst offering class leading financial services
to all sectors of the society.

JOURNEY-

The company was launched in 1992 as Hero Honda Finlease Ltd by extending
working capital loans and medium-term finance to component suppliers and
dealers of parent firm Hero MotoCorp, and then called Hero Honda Motors Ltd.

In 2011, as Hero Honda Motors was restructured, the company was renamed Hero
FinCorp and acquired its present form. By April 2013, the company began giving
two-wheelers loans to customers. In 2014, it ventured into loans against property,
loans for small and medium enterprises and commercial loans.

COMPANY PERFORMANCE-
Hero FinCorp recorded a turnover of Rs.298.62 crores in 2014–15.

The company has been rated as AA+ / stable by rating agencies such as CRISIL
and ICRA.

External Funds Raised:

In September 2016, Hero FinCorp announced that they have raised about INR
1002 crores from internal as well as external sources.

Around INR 702 was raised from ChrysCapital, a private equity firm, and Credit
Suisse, a Swiss financial services firm. The remaining INR 300 Crores was raised
from the Hero Group.

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ChrysCapital will take an 11% stake in Hero FinCorp while Credit Suisse will
hold around 2.5%. This transaction had valued the company around INR 5,200
crores.

The funds will be deployed to help the company achieve its growth strategy over
the next 12 to 18 months. The strategy entails entering new product segments,
such as home loans and used two-wheeler loans and by further augmenting
existing businesses, with special focus on used car finance, consumer durable and
SME lending.

VISION

“TO BE FINANCIER OF CHOICE AND BECOME A ONE-STOP

FINANCIAL SERVICES COMPANY, BY OFFERING WORLD CLASS

PRODUCT THROUGH INNOVATION & TEAMWORK.”

MISSION

“WE STRIVE TO BE THE BEST, MOST TRANSPARENT, NEXT

GENERATION ULTRA LEAN CREDIT CHAMPION.”

VALUES

“OUR CULTURE MANIFEST THROUGH 5 CORE VALUES –

‘TITHI’

TEAMWORK | INTEGRITY | TRUST & RESPECT | HUMILITY |

INNOVTION & SPEED.

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COMPANY PLOCIES-

 CODE OF CONDUCT FOR DIRECTORS AND SENIOR


M,ANAGEMENT
Hero FinCorp Ltd. (hereinafter referred as HFCL or the Company) is
committed to maintain sound standards of Business Conduct and
Corporate Governance. It also believes in the conduct of its affairs in a fair
and transparent manner by adopting highest standards of professionalism,
honesty, integrity and ethical behavior and complete compliance of laws.
The Board of Directors {in short, the Board} and the Senior Management
of the Company undertake to abide by following Code of Conduct {in
short, the Code} adopted by the Board and affirm compliance with this
Code.
 POLICIES ON CORPORATE SOCIAL
RESPONSIBILITY
The Board of Directors (the “Board”) of Hero FinCorp Limited (the
“Company”) has adopted the following policy and procedures with regard
to Corporate Social Responsibility. The Board may review and amend this
policy from time to time subject to the recommendations of Corporate
Social Responsibility Committee. HFCL believes that in the strategic
context of business, enterprises possess, beyond mere financial resources,
the transformational capacity to create game‐changing development
models by unleashing their power of entrepreneurial vitality, innovation

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and creativity. Such Corporate Social Responsibility ("CSR") projects are
far more replicable, scalable and sustainable, with a significant multiplier
impact on sustainable livelihood creation and working for a cause of
humanity.
 PRICING POLICY
Each client represents a different risk profile based on the promoter
profile, experience, credit and default risk in the respective business
segment, CIBIL scores, repayment track record of the borrower with
lenders, group strength, nature and value of primary and collateral
security, etc. A cost premium/discount is attached to overall interest rate
on the loan for the client based upon the gradation of risks. HFCL ensures
fair practice and transparency to its customers and accordingly this interest
rate policy is also published on company’s website.
 BOARD DIVERSITY POLICY
Hero FinCorp Ltd. (hereinafter referred as the ‘Company’) believes in the
conduct of its affairs in a fair and transparent manner by adopting highest
standards of professionalism, honesty, integrity and ethical behavior and in
complete compliance of laws. The purpose for achieving diversity on the
Board of Directors of the Company is for the benefits of:-
•Enhancement of the quality of performance of the Board;
•Usher in independence in the performance of the Board;
•Eradicate the gender bias in the Board;
•Achievement of sustainable and balanced performance and development
in the Company;
• Support the attainment of strategic objectives of the Company; &
• Compliance of applicable law/s and good corporate practices.
The Company believes that to a large extent requisite diversity is already
present in the Board of the Company which, however, needs to be
reviewed in terms of this Policy.

SWOT ANALYSIS OF HERO FIN CORP

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SWOT Analysis of Hero is a process of evaluating a company’s strengths,
weaknesses, opportunities, and threats. It allows you to maximize strengths,
overcome weaknesses, reduce risks, and increase your chances of success.
SWOT-analysis helps corporate decision-makers to develop strategic plans
according to the internal and external factors of the company.

Strengths-
 Enormous Brand Equity: This is the strengths of Hero MotoCorp. This
company is one of the largest performers in the market of two-wheelers.
 Dominant Brand Image: A corporation can barely accumulate once it is
prominent by its denomination name. Hero Fin corp. is one of those corporations
that can play tough on the popularity area.
 Terrific Distribution: Hero Fin corp. has more than 3000 dealerships and
centers which have made it the leading company in the enterprise.
 Broad Variety of Products and services: The extra commodities a
corporation takeoff successfully, the more prominent it becomes. 

Weaknesses-
 Strong Competition– There is lots of national and international players in
the market who give tough competition to Hero FinCorp.
 Lack of Innovation– Most of the products of the company come with
almost similar features, whether it is in terms of design or functions.

Opportunities-
 Growing Industry– The demand for two-wheelers is increasing a lot,
especially during the pandemic, and that brings the opportunity for the company
to grow.
 Expansion of product line- The Company can introduce new services as
online services playing important role in customers.

Threats-

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 Strong Competition– There is tons of other companies which are
emerging rapidly.
 Bad Debts- Some debtors don’t pay the borrowed amount which reduce
the company’s return.

BOARD OF DIRECTORS
1. Chairman & Director : Mr. Pawan Munjal
He also serves on the board of various hero group companies,
Government and Educational Institutes.

2. Managing Director : Mrs. Renu Munjal


She is also actively involved in various philanthropic activities
across the hero group.

3. Managing Director & CEO : Abhimanyu Munjal


Abhimanyu has over15yrs of experience in strategic leadership &
people management. He has successfully spearheaded international
JVs, M&As and Complex Transformation.

OTHER MEMBERS
 Mr. Vivek Chand Sehgal
He is chairman of Samvardhana Motherson Group (SMG). SMG combines
the power of innovation and product quality across diverse industries,
especially automotive Mr.Sehgal was declare EY Entrepreneur of the year
2016.
 Mr. Sanjay Kukreja

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He is the MD of Chrys Capital and leads the business services, financial
services, and manufacturing sectors for the firm. He holds an MBA from
IIM, Bangalore and a BA in Economics from SRCC, Delhi University.
 Mr. Pradeep Dinodia
He is a member of the ICAI, and a senior partner in the Delhi – based
Chartered Accountancy firm M/s. S.R. Dinodia & Co.

LEADERSHIP TEAM
 Mr. Ajay Sahasrabuddhe
Chief Operating Officer, Retail finance
He is a retail finance Veteran with over 25 years of experience. He
is an expert in building & managing large and diverse distribution
network.
 Mr. Jayesh Jain
Chief Financial Officer
He has over 17 years of BFSI experience across Strategic Planning,
Budgeting, Accounting, Auditing, IT Governance, Fraud Control,
Regulatory Compliance and investor relations.
 Mr. Mahesh Sanghavi
Chief Business Officer
He is an alum of INSEAD Business School and has 20+ years of
experience in Credit Risk Management with expertise in
underwriting, Portfolio and stressed asset management.
 Miss Preemita Singh
Chief HR Officer
Preemita bring with her two decades of rich experience of leading
HR in BFSI, IT and consulting. She is a strong professional with a
proven record of delivering results, driving transformation, and
running large scale operations.
 Miss Priya Kashyap
Head- MDs & CEO’s Office
Priya brings with her 20+ years of rich experience in Non –
Banking Finance Companies. Having headed Risk Units in

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previous assignments, she is known for effectively managing risk
in high growth environments.
 Sajin Mangalathu
Head – Technology & Operations
Sajin has 21 years of experience in Transforming Key Business
Processes & establishing governance mechanisms for information
Risk Management. He holds an MBA from IIM Bangalore.

Product and Services of Hero Fin Corp


A product is a tangible item that is put on the market for acquisition, attention or
consumption, while arises from the output of one or more individuals. Although it
seems like the main distinction between the two concepts is founded on their
tangibility, which is not always the case. In most cases services are intangible, but
products are not always tangible.

 PERSONAL LOAN

Personal loans are short-term unsecured loans that are disbursed quickly, to meet
all your immediate /exigencies Requirement. The eligibility criteria are pretty
simple. You have to be 21-58 years of age, and have a valid Aadhaar and PAN
card.
For salaried persons, the minimum income required is Rs 15000 and they should
have been in current employment for at least 6 months.
For self-employed & professionals, the last ITR filed should be more than Rs
2,00,000 in value and they should have been in the current business for a period of
2 years. Loan amount can vary from Rs 50,000 to Rs 5 lakhs. Loan tenure is up to
60 months. The minimum age to apply for a personal loan is 21 years. Valid PAN
card and income proof are the KYC documents required.
Hero FinCorp is Best in class provider of financing solutions for all your personal
financial requirements, be it for Home Renovation, Family Functions & Wedding,
Shopping, Travel, Urgent Medical Treatments, Collateral-free personal loans with
Competitive interest rates and minimum processing fees.

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 SMALL MEDIUM ENTERPRISES & COMMERCIAL
LOAN
SME loans are specially designed loans for SME’s and small businesses. They are
designed to be sync with the unique requirements and operating constraints which
small businesses encounter during various phrases their business. These loans are
available for buildup of current assets, fixed assets, Capacity expansion,
modernization and short term working capital including shoring up of net working
capital. These loans are avail for 12 to 84 months or 1 to 7 years. The
documentation requirement for availing corporate loans or loans for commercial
purpose, vary by product, location and entity type. Hero FinCorp provides loans to
address the financing requirements of SMEs. We help SMEs with financing
solution which are user friendly and can be adapted to the unique needs and
requirements of SMEs & small businesses operating in India.

 BILL DISCOUNTING OR INVOICE DISCOUNTING OR


PURCHASE INVOICING FINANCE
Invoice or bill discounting is essentially a loan against payments receivable. Now,
move your business on the fast track with Hero FinCorp bill discounting finance
to fulfil your immediate cash requirements. Hero FinCorp offers Invoice
Discounting or Purchase Invoicing Finance at very attractive and low interest rate.
Benefits include:
 Quick disbursal and immediate liquidity for businesses of all sizes
 Loan tenure of up to 120 days / 4 months
 Collateral not required for highly rated entities

 WORKING CAPITAL LOAN


Business of all sizes need enough cash in hand to fund their daily operations. And
this is where a working capital term loan comes in handy. These working capital
term loans with lower interest rates are lucrative and perfectly meet short term
business needs like wages, accounts payable, new project activities, etc. Hero
FinCorp offers both secured and unsecured forms of this loan. Benefits of a
working capital term loan are:
 Flexible tenure of 3 years and interest rate between 11% and 14%
 High LTV ratio of 75% to 80% and maximum loan amount can go up to
Rs. 5 crores
 Faster loan approvals and disbursement on fulfilment of required
documents

 SECURED TERM LOAN


Secured term loans fulfill the long term financial requirements of the business for
capital or operational expenditure. Hero FinCorp understands the long term
financing needs of business and provides secured term loan with long repayment

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tenure. A secured term loan is suitable for businesses of all sizes and can be used
to purchase new plants, machinery, land, etc.
 High LTV of up to 90% against Security/ Collateral provided with tenure
up to 7 years
 Secured term loan up to Rs. 7 crores with interest rate between 11% to
14%
 Balance Transfer (BT) facility available
 Wide range of collateral accepted, including land, building, plant/
machinery, bank guarantee, FDR’s, and more.

 PROJECT & ACQUISITION FINANCE


If you are planning to buy out another business, special project, purchase new
business units or even set up new ones, Hero FinCorp helps provide you the
capital required through project and acquisition financing. The loan process
becomes faster if the business to be acquired features substantial profits, valuable
assets or a steady revenue stream.
 Project and Acquisition financing at reasonable interest rates helps small
companies achieve economies of scale
 This loan is ideal for expanding operations and size of your business
 Low down payment accepted if company to be acquired is promising
 The loan application evaluates parameters like cash flow, total cost,
repayment structure and timelines

 MEDICAL EQUIPMENT FINANCING


Now deliver best in class medical facilities to your customers/patients with Hero
FinCorp’s Medical Equipment Financing. At Hero FinCorp, we understand the
healthcare industry needs and have come up with an easy solution to help you
purchase both new and refurbished machines through medical equipment
financing.
 A wide variety of machines such as X-Ray machines, Dental Chairs,
Ultrasound machines, Color Doppler, C-Arms, MRI Scanners, Cath-Lab and more
can be purchased.
 Loans start from Rs. 10 lacs onwards and the tenure goes up to 7 years.
 Attractive Interest rates starting from 11%*
 No Collateral (based on terms and conditions).

 MACHINERY LOAN
To grow business with a fast pace, businesses require new or refurbished
machinery which can boost their operations or manufacturing. To fund such
purchases easily, Hero FinCorp offers machinery loans that help businesses
expand at higher rate. The benefits of machinery loans are:

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 Easy documentation and quick approvals
 Higher LTV (loan to value) up to 75%
 Flexible schemes to suit your unique business operation environment
 Long and flexible tenure up to 7 years

 MEDICAL EQUIPMENT FINANCING


For the purchase of standard medical equipment including CT Scanners, Color
Doppler’s, Sonography Machines, MRI Machines, X-Ray Machines and other
medical equipment. To be eligible for a Healthcare loan you must belong to one of
the following categories:

 General or Super Speciality Hospitals


 Nursing Home
 Diagnostic Centre
 Pathology Lab Centre
 Speciality Clinics (like Skin, Dental, Maternity, and more)
 Dialysis Centre
 Endoscopy Centre
 IVF Centre
 Educational Institute - Medical/ Paramedical College, Dental College
 Large Medical Equipment Dealer
 Pharmaceutical Manufacturer
 In addition, you need to:
 Current residence or office occupancy should be at least 3 years
 Should have a minimum experience of 3 years in running a
healthcare business.
 Possess repayment track records in serving any loan for at least 12
months.
 Provide banking details of at least 12 months with any schedule
commercial bank. The account needs to carry your major banking transactions.

 USED CAR LOANS

Existing second-hand car loan customers can avail of a top-up loan against used
cars for up to 175% of the existing loan value. The additional funds can be used
for a variety of purposes. The loan amount, however, depends upon several
factors. EMI Options Available on a Second- Hand Car Loan

Second-hand car loan customers have the option to choose between two EMI
methods for a convenient repayment experience.

Standard EMI:

Under this option, the loan interest and monthly instalments remain fixed
throughout the repayment tenure. This option is best suited for those who have a
steady monthly income that is unlikely to change soon.

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Structured EMI:

Under this, borrowers can customise their second-hand car loan EMI. Usually, the
monthly instalments remain low during the initial period of the loan term and
increase gradually. This option is best for people who anticipate an increase in
their income soon.

 LOAN AGAINST PROPERTY


A loan against property (LAP) is another form of secured loan. Self-employed and
business owners can avail of this loan after mortgaging their property as collateral.
It comes with a lower interest rate because the sanctioned amount is determined
based on the valuation of the property. As the collateral is commercial or
residential property, customers can obtain a large amount as compared to other
loan forms.
LAP helps businesses to expand. It helps you to maintain ownership of your
property without having to worry about meeting your financial obligations.

 UNSECURED BUSINESS LOANS

An unsecured business loan is a business funding solution which requires no


personal or business asset as collateral. An unsecured business loan is easier to
obtain, quick, hassle-free and short tenure loan for business owners to fulfill their
business requirements. Unsecured business loans require the borrower to show a
good credit rating, with excellent financial history and business experience. Hero
FinCorp offers easy and quick unsecured business loan to Sole Proprietorship,
Partnership, Private Limited, Public Limited, Trust/Society and HUF for fast track
business growth. Unsecured business loan assists business owners to increase their
business cash flow, expand business operations, office renovation, stock up on
inventory, technology upgrade, infrastructure, machinery lease, upgrade and
purchase.

 TWO WHEELER LOANS

Two Wheeler Loans are similar to any other vehicular loan, such as new or used
car loans. The asset (motorcycle or scooter) is hypothecated to the financier such
as Hero FinCorp. Upon paying the last EMI, the borrower receives a No Objection
Certificate from the lender, which is required for removing the Hypothecation
from the vehicle’s registration papers.
 BILL DISCOUNTING & INVOICE DISCOUNTING
Avail from our wide variety of small business loans or SME finance options that
include bill discounting, invoice discounting, working capital loan, machinery
loan and project and acquisition financing. You can benefit from comfortable
tenures, attractive business loans interest rates or SME loan interest rates, high
loan-to-value or LTV ratio, fast approvals-, proactive customer service, easy

47
documentation, and transparent service. As far as eligibility for invoice
discounting, working capital loans and machinery loans is concerned, your
business must be public, private, proprietorship or you must be self-employed.
You should have been in your present business for at least 3 years and have a
satisfactory credit score. To avail small business loan in India, your business
should also be profitable as per industry standards. The documents you need to
submit include KYC and profiles of partners and directors, registration certificates
as well as company constitution papers. You will also need to provide audited
financial statements and projections of the last 3 years for a business loan. If
everything is in place, it usually takes 10 to 15 working days to process loans. The
amount of invoice discounting, working capital loans or machinery loans you can
receive and the business loans interest rates depends on the assessment of your
company and credit, and your need. As security for small business loans, you can
provide land, building, equipment, deposit certificates, fixed deposits, NSC, gold,
life insurance policies and so on.

 HOME LOAN
A home/housing loan, also known as a mortgage, is an amount of money
borrowed by an individual, usually from banks and companies that lend money.
The borrower has to pay back the loan amount with interest in Easy Monthly
Instalments or EMI's over a period of time that can vary between 10-30 years
depending on the nature of the loan.

Eligibility & Documentation


 Salaried: up to 70 years or retirement (whichever is earlier)
 Self Employed: up to 75 years
Minimum Age Criteria
 Income applicant should be min 21 years old
 Should be min 18 years old
 Maximum loan amount: 5 Crores
 Maximum loan tenure: 30 Years
Documentation
 Proof of both identity, age, and residence
 Income Proofs (Only for salaried applicant).
 Details of current loans
 Property related documents (If Property has been identified)

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CHAPTER

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