Athirapv Project

APPENDIX I
A STUDY ON ROLE OF COOPERATIVES AMONG

HOUSEHOLDS IN KASARGOD DISTRICT
A PROJECT REPORT
Submitted by
ATHIRA P V
REG NO: B9PCOM3606
Under the supervision of
Mrs. NIDHINA T V
Assistant Professor
P. G Department of Commerce
Submitted to
KANNUR UNIVERSITY
In partial fulfilment of the award of Post Graduation programme in
COMMERCE
POST GRADUATE DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE

NEHRU ARTS AND SCIENCE COLLEGE KANHANGAD
OF KANNUR UNIVERSITY
MARCH 31-2021
APPENDIX II
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
I sincerely thank God the Almighty for the eternal and invisible help
extended to me for the successful completion of my dissertation work. I
express my sincere gratitude to all who have helped me to complete the
dissertation.
I express my gratitude to our principal, Dr. T. VIJAYAN, who gave

me great support for the completion of this project work successfully.
I would like to express, my gratitude to Mrs. JISHA P.V, Assistant

Professor and Head of the Department of Commerce, and Mrs. NIDHINA T
V, Assistant Professor Department of Commerce for their assistance and
guidance in the preparation of this project.
I reserve my gratitude to my family members for the moral support

providedto me during my study.
ATHIRA P V
Reg. No: B9PCOM3606

APPENDIX III
DECLARATION
I, ATHIRA P V here by declare that the project work entitled “A STUDY ON THE ROLE OF
COOPERATIVES AMONG HOUSEHOLDS IN KASARGOD DISTRICT” has been
prepared by me and submitted to KANNUR UNIVERSITY in partial fulfilment of the requirement
for the award of Master of commerce degree programme, is a record of original work done by me
under the supervision of Mrs. Nidhina T V, Assistant professor Of P.G. department of commerce,
Nehru Arts And Science College Kanhangad.
I also declare that this project work has not been submitted by me fully or partly for the award of
any Degree, Diploma, Title of Recognition before
Signature:
Place: Padanakad Name: ATHIRA P V
Date: Reg.No: B9PCOM3606

APPENDIX IV
NEHRU ARTS AND SCIENCE COLLEGE
POST GRADUATE DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE
BONAFIDE CERTIFICATE
Certified that the project report “A STUDY ON ROLE OF COOPERATIVES AMONG
HOUSEHOLDS IN KASARGOD DISTRICT” is the bonafide work of ATHIRA P V, who carried
out the project work under my supervision.
Head of the Department
Supervisor
Nidhina T V
CONTENTS
Chapter No. Contents Page No

1 Introduction 1-4
2 Review of Literature 5-8
3 Theoretical Framework 9-18
4 Analysis of Data 19-52
5 Summary of Findings and 54-56

Suggestion
References 56
LIST OF TABLES
Table No. Title Page

No.
2.9 Cooperative societies in Kasargod district 17-18
3.1 Gender wise distribution of respondents 19
3.2 Age of the respondents 20
3.3 Education of the respondents 21
3.4 Occupation of the respondents 22
3.5 Residence of the respondents 23
3.6 Monthly income of the respondents 25
3.7 Awareness of cooperatives society 27
3.8 Media of awareness of the respondents 28
3.9 Membership of the society 29
3.10 No. Of membership the respondents 30
3.11 Frequency of contacting cooperative society 31
3.12 Duration of membership of the respondents 32
3.13 Percentage income from cooperatives 33
3.13 Lending of the money to respondents 34
3.14 The meeting attending by the respondents 35
3.15 Purpose of contacting cooperatives 36
3.16 Preference due to nearest to society 37
3.17 Preference due to better personal relationship 38
3.18 Preference due to easy terms of dealing 39
3.19 Preference due to good infrastructure 40
3.20 Preference due to employee of the society 41
3.21 Preference due to believe in cooperative values and principles 42
3.22 Problem due to lack of professional services 43
3.23 Problem due to poor infrastructure 44
3.24 Problem due to poor customer relation 45
3.25 Problem due to inadequate financing 46
3.26 Problem due to political interference 47
3.27 Problem due to partial services 48
3.28 Problem due to inadequate services of society 49
3.29 Problem due to failure of society 50
3.30 Problem due to delayed services 51
LIST OF FIGURES
Table No. Title Page

No.
3.1 Gender of the respondents 19
3.2 Age of the respondents 20
3.3 Education of the respondents 21
3.4 Occupation of the respondents 22
3.5 Residence of the respondents 23
3.6 Monthly income of the respondents 24
3.7 Awareness of cooperatives society 25
3.7 Media used by the respondents 30
3.8 Membership of the society 31
3.9 No. Of membership the respondents 32
3.10 Frequency of contacting cooperative society 33
3.11 Duration of membership of the respondents 34
3.12 Percentage income from cooperatives 35
3.13 Lending Of The money To Respondents 36
3.14 The meeting attending by the respondents 37
3.15 Preference due to nearest to society 38
3.16 Preference due to better personal relationship 39
3.17 Preference due to easy terms of dealing 40

3.18 Preference due to good infrastructure 41
3.19 Preference due to employee of the society 42
3.20 Preference due to believe in cooperative values and principles 43
3.21 Problem due to lack of professional services 44
3.22 Problem due to poor infrastructure 44
3.23 Problem due to poor customer relation 45
3.24 Problem due to inadequate financing 46
3.25 Problem due to political interference 47
3.26 Problem due to partial services 48
3.27 Problem due to inadequate services of society 49
3.28 Problem due to failure of society 50
3.29 Problem due to delayed services 51

CHAPTER-I
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Introduction
1.2 Importance of the Study
1.3 Statement of Problem
1.4 Objectives
1.5 Methodology
1.6 Limitation of Study
1.7 Chapter Scheme
1
CHAPTER-1
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Introduction
A cooperative (also known as co-operative, co-op, or coop) is "an autonomous association of

persons united voluntarily to meet their common economic, social, and cultural needs and
aspirations through a jointly-owned enterprise”. Cooperatives are democratically owned by their
members, with each member having one vote in electing the board of directors. Earlier households
were totally self-sufficient. They made what they consumed and consumed what they produced to
a large extend. Specialization took place within the households. Very few people produce their
own food, and mostly people work away from their home. Every house is different, expressing the
individuality and personality of the owner in its own way, but the need of various products and
services for the households are the same. In order to meet the daily requirement, they need various
products and services like food, groceries, money etc.
The idea of cooperation is not new to man. It is as old as man himself. Cooperatives are an
almost universal form of organization today found in practically all countries and used by people
in many ways. The Cooperatives are formed to secure low-cost credit, to purchase supplies and
equipment for farming and household needs, to market products, even to secure many services,
like electric power, irrigation health and insurance. Cooperatives can be used in many ways to
benefit people in the everyday need of life.
Cooperation is based on the idea that people are always motivated to live together in society
and try to live in peace with each other. They have always desire to cooperate. The cooperatives
are formed to secure low-cost credit, to purchase supplies and equipment for farming and
household needs, to market products, even to secure many services, like electric power, irrigation,
health, and insurance. Cooperatives can be used in many ways to benefit people in the everyday
needs of life
1
.
1.2 Importance of the Study
The study is conducted in Kasargod district to know the perception of households towards
Cooperative societies.
The Cooperative society is important in providing goods and services. It aims to eliminate the
unnecessary profit of middlemen in trade and commerce. They seek to prevent the exploitation of
the weaker member of the society. Thus the study make focus on services provided by the
Cooperatives to the households. To study how the cooperatives are formed to secure low cost
credit, to purchase supplies and equipment for farming and household needs, to market products,
even to secure many services, like electric power, irrigation, health, and insurance.
1.3Statement of Problem
In Kasargod district, there are several Cooperatives along with various other forms of
economic entities. Unlike other forms of organization, Cooperatives are unique in respect of
attachment and closeness towards people. Since Cooperative societies are eliminating middlemen
and serving the people with a variety of activities which involves providing credit at low interest
rates, it is important to examine the dependence of households on Cooperatives.
Hence the present study examines the extend of dependence of households on Cooperatives
societies in Kasaragod district.
1.4 Objectives
The study seeks to attain the following objective.
1. To know the various Cooperative societies working in Kasargod district.
2. To study the role Cooperatives on households in Kasargod district.
3. To understand the reasons for the preference of Cooperatives form of organization by

households in Kasargod district.
4. To identify the problems faced by households in dealing with Cooperatives.
2
1.5 Methodology
The study is analytical in nature. It is based on primary data collected by a sample survey
conducted in Kasargod district.
(a) Sampling Design
To choose samples from the population, convenience sampling is used. The sample size is
fixed as 50. The respondents are households in kasargod district. A structured Questionnaire is
used, both primary data and secondary data.
(b) Sources of Data
Data are obtained from two sources.
• Primary Data:
Primary data is collected from households in kasargod district. Mainly response are
collected through google forms.
• Secondary Data:
Relevant secondary data were collected from books, journals, websites in order to gather
information about the performance and scope of the cooperatives.
Period of study
Time required for the completion of the study is known as Period of study. The
duration of study is in between January and March 2021.
1.6 Limitation of the Study

Being a sample survey, the present study may suffer from sampling errors. Moreover, the
findings cannot be completely recommended for generalization owing to limited sample size. The
study is also subject to time and money constraints. The time limit to conduct the study is also
considered as one of the limitation of conducting the study.
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1.7 Chapter Scheme
The whole study is proposed to be present in four chapters as follows.
1. The first chapter deals with brief introduction, objectives and methodology of the research
problem.
2. The second chapter deals with review of literature
3. The third chapter describes meaning, features, objectives, types of cooperatives, cooperative
movement in Kerala, etc.
4. The fourth chapter deals data analysis; data are presented through various tables, charts and
their interpretation.
5. The fifth chapter gives the summary of findings, suggestion and conclusion of the study.
4
CHAPTER-II
REVIEW OF LITERATURE
5
CHAPTER-II
REVIEW OF LITERATURE
(Dighe, and Gupte, 2011) This commentary is the eleventh edition of “The MCS Act, 1960
published in the year 2011”.According to the authors, the Co-operative Movement represents anew
spirit of association, self-reliance and harmony animating the impulse towards the economic
betterment, upward striving and better living. The authors state that the co-operation by itself is
not a separate activity but a method by which several activities of the individual and group are
organized taking the people and the country to the goal namely the establishment of
Commonwealth.
Section 88 is also discussed with the aid of a High Court judgment reg. Tejas Construction,
Chalisgaon vs. VandanKohade. The Hon’ble High Court had interpreted Section 88 as inquiry
byinvoking provisions of Section 88 cannot be proceeded against person who has nothing to do
with the management of the society. Also the powers of the Registrar to assess the damages against
the delinquents have been confirmed.
A verdict given by the Hon’ble Supreme Court in Pundalik vs. District Deputy Registrar,
Chandrapore is discussed in relation to Section 73-FFF wherein it was held that once it is found
that the person has committed default, he shall cease to be a member of the committee and his seat
shall fall vacant. Section 74 was discussed regarding the powers and jurisdiction of the Registrar
being exercising statutory power. So far as the allied laws incorporated by the author are
concerned, I am of the strict view that except a consolidated MCS Act with consolidated Rules
there should be no other law which a member of a society, a society, an Advocate or any other
person should be required to look into. This will save time, energy and efforts required to find out
a suitable provision in a given situation.
(Dighe,2011)This book is based on amendments w.e.f. 14.1.2011 – MAH. Act no. 2 of 2011. The
amendment relates to the section 73(1AB) by virtue of which the members of the managing
committee were required to execute a bond within 45 days from assuming the office in case of
housing societies 15 days in case of other societies. In case of failure to execute such bond any
5
such member would be deemed to have vacated his office as the member of the committee.In
certain cases especially in case of redevelopment of society such bond was required to control the
illegal activity if any committed by any such member.However by virtue of Maharashtra
Ordinance no. VI of 2013 the said provisions are deleted. Therefore, there is no major to check the
Civities/illegalities of the committees members. The acceptance of bonds on behalf of each
member of a committee was working at par with penal provision.
(Dighe,2013)This book is based on the 97th amendments to the Constitution of India. The review
of this book is as follows. The types of members are not framed properly. So far as the insertion
active member is concerned, again, the definition is so vague. It neither makes any sense nor does
it confer any right in specie. By these amendments communication of any correspondence by the
Registrar and/or his office bearers is mandatory but no provision for ascertaining
acknowledgement or receipt is made. Its helping manipulation. Generally, active members are less
in number as compared to non active members. In most of the cases, the flats are purchased for the
purpose of investments or a member does not reside in the premises as he is gainfully employed
elsewhere or maybe a senior citizen. Therefore, it is practically not possible that active members
would be available all the time. Consequently, such an active member would lose his right.
Therefore, this provision is unconstitutional and against principles of natural justice. The
establishment of State Co-operative Election Authority is absolutely not of any help as the purpose
of election authority is not served. Further, any person found guilty of discharging his function
under the State Co-operative Election Authority shall be punished with a fine upto Rs.500/- only
that means any person would commit or omit to discharge his official duty and by paying fine of
Rs. 500/- is scot free. Section 78 is deleted in to qua the regular societies and is made applicable
only to aided societies. Thereby leaving no provisions/measures/checks on the illegalities which
may be committed by non aided societies.
(Jain andBhat,2014)This book is based on the amendments of 2014 as amended by Maharashtra

Act No. 40 of 2014 w.e.f. 23.12.2014. A vast amendment is carried out in the MCS Act after the
97th amendment of 2013. By virtue of these amendments the MCS Rules, 1961 are amended which
are by just way of either adding a term or deleting a term.MCS Election to Committee Rules, 2014
are introduced .
6
(Majumdar,2002)consumers protection [amendment] act, The book consists of the provisions
amended till August 2009. It was specifically enacted that a co-operative society is out of preview
of Consumer Protection Act. However, Hon’ble Supreme Court in Secretary, TCA Credit Society
v/s M. Lalitha[2004] 1 SCC 305:held that ‘‘As per Section 3 of the Act, as already stated above,
the provisions of the Act shall be in addition to and not in derogation to any other provisions of
any other law for the time being in force. Having due regard to the scheme of the Act and purpose
sought to be achieved to protect the interest of the consumers, better the provisions are to be
interpreted broadly, positively and purposefully in the context of the present case to give meaning
to additional/extended jurisdiction, particularly when Section 3 seeks to provide remedy under the
Act in addition to other remedies provided under other Acts unless there is clear bar.
’Consequently, the Co-operative Court and the Consumer Court land up having parallel
jurisdiction in a few cases. Apparently, the said matters would be barred by the principles of res-
judicata and confusion.
(JainandBhatt,2008)“maharashtra ownership flats [regulation of the promotion of construction,

sale, management and transfer] act, [1963] as amended in year” I have referred the said Act.An
amendment was carried out in the year 2008, whereby provisions of deemed conveyance of Co-
operative housing society were inserted. The said Act is enacted to cure malpractices and difficulty
relation to the promotion of construction, sale, management and transfer of flats taken on
ownership basis. The provisions mainly relate to regularize the construction by the builder /
promoter and to grant conveyance in favour of the society. It was noticed by the State Government
that after carrying out the development and redevelopment by the concerned builder/promoter, the
title of the land is not conveyed in favour of the society. Consequently, forwent of title the society
is unable to enjoy the benefits of ownership of land. Also in case the builder/promoter fails to
register the society, the society members can approach the concerned registrar u/s 10[1] by way of
application and get the society registered. A specific provision is inserted regarding FSI in almost
all cases the builder attempts to take liberty and deny conveyance in favour of the society. I
reiterate here that the provisions of MOFA should be incorporated in the MCS Act as it becomes
very difficult to refer various provisions and various Laws in respect of one matter. The Registrar
is again burdened with the duties concerning.
7
(Memane,2011) Thepaper of this author has revealed the importance of the co-operative society
in Agriculture economy and its growing awareness, it’s benefits which are useful for the progress
and development. This paper is also evaluating the objective of the society which is limited to its
village and the proportion of loan issued and loan outstanding which is indicating the good
progress of co-operative society in village.
(Pomeroy,2005)This paper was an initiative of the activity of , Action for neighbourhood Change,
from Canada. This paper is influencing the revitalizing of their respective neighbourhood. This
study has focused on the objects which are considered while selecting a house as per the
requirements and priorities of life. This study has also explored the deindustrialization and
deurbanisation which has led to decline in the neighborhood. A key function of the ANC is an
inclusive regeneration. This paper is beneficial in respect of factors which can be helpful for the
development of standard of living of all segments of people. For eg. The paper has revealed
information regarding, housing schemes, slum clearance, public housing, development of
condominium.
(Cooper,2013)This author has narrated the benefits of co-operatives and their beneficiary ie
member. The few of the advantages of the co-operatives are democracy, co-operation among
member for the member, focus on their benefits, local in nature , community connected, cost
effective, ect. Apart from this the author has very well described the differentiation of co-
operatives with the Companies and Association. In addition to the above societies, he has given
detail information about the consumer co-operative society in Australia who are dealing with the
consumer products like food, clothing, newspaper, departmental stores, art galleries. Producer co-
operatives and Agricultural co-operatives are also playing important role in Australia.
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CHAPTER –III
THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Meaning of Cooperatives
2.3 Definition
2.4 Features
2.5 Principles of Cooperation
2.6 Cooperative Movement in Kerala
2.7 Types of Cooperatives
2.8 Objectives
2.9 Cooperative Societies in Kasargod District
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CHAPTER-III
THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK
2.1 Introduction
Cooperative movement had made its origin from the exploitation of capitalist. Cooperative
is a worldwide movement covering various activities to improve the welfare of weaker section of
the community.
It has an impact in agriculture, industrial, political and economic transformation in rural and
urban areas. In India cooperation has its origin in the field of credit at present of stretchers. It aims
to the areas such as production, marketing, processing, public health, consumer sector etc, the
constitution of India and policy resolution have emphasized that there is no other instrument as
potentially of social purpose like the cooperative movement.
Cooperation serves as organized instrument for economically weaker employees and

consumers, for strengthening and protecting themselves against exploitation by the stronger
section like money lenders and traders. Through cooperation common people can protect their
interest by eliminating middlemen’s profit. Thus cooperation is an association of person seeking
mutual aim to protect their interest.
Cooperatives bring people together in a democratic and equal way. Whether the members are the
customers, employees, users or residents, cooperatives are democratically managed by the 'one
member, one vote ‘rule. Members share equal voting rights regardless of the amount of capital
they put into the enterprise.
As businesses driven by values, not just profit, cooperatives share internationally agreed
principles and act together to build a better world through cooperation. Putting fairness, equality
and social justice at the heart of the enterprise, cooperatives around the world are allowing people
to work together to create sustainable enterprises that generate long-term jobs and
prosperity. Cooperatives allow people to take control of their economic future and, because they
9
are not owned by shareholders, the economic and social benefits of their activity stay in the
communities where they are established. Profits generated are either reinvested in the enterprise
or returned to the members.
2.2 Meaning of Cooperatives
The word cooperation is derived from the Latin word ‘cooperari’ which means working together.
Generally it implies living, thinking and working together. Cooperatives are people-centred
enterprises owned, controlled and run by and for their members to realise their common economic,
social, and cultural needs and aspirations.
Cooperation (written as co-operation in British English) is the process of groups

of organisms working or acting together for common, mutual, or some underlying benefit, as
opposed to working in competition for selfish benefit. Many animal and plantspecies cooperate
both with other members of their own species and with members of other species
(symbiosis or mutualism).[2Cooperative organization is essentially an organization of person who
joins together on voluntary basis for the promotion of their common economic interest. It generally
considered as an organization of economically weaker section of the community who associate
together with a view to safeguard their interest from the exploitation by the stronger section.
2.3 Definition
According to C.R.Fay “Cooperation is an association for the purpose of joint trading
originating among the weak and conducted always in an unselfish spirit on such terms that all who
are prepared to assume the duties of membership may share its reward in proportion to the degree
in which they make use of their association”.
According to V.L.Mehta “Cooperation is a vast movement which promotes voluntary
association of individuals having common needs who combine towards the achievement of
common economic needs”.
The definition of cooperation is people working together to achieve results or people helping
each other out to achieve a common goal.
2.4 Features
The cooperative enterprise has its own characteristics which are as follows :
1. Voluntary Association- The membership of cooperative societies is voluntary. Anybody having a
10
common interest is free to join a cooperative society. The member can also leave the society any time
after giving a proper notice.
2. Equal Voting Rights- A cooperative society is based on the principle of “one man one vote”. A
member has only one vote irrespective of the number of share(s) held by him. Thus, a co-operative
society runs on democratic principles.
3. Separate Legal Entity- A cooperative society is required to be registered under the Co-operative
Societies Act. Registration provides it a separate legal entity. Its existence is quite different from
its members The death, insolvency or lunacy of a member does not affect its existence. It can sue
and be sued in its own name. It can make agreements as well as purchase and sell property in its
own name.
4. Service Motive- A cooperative society is based on the service motive of its members. Its main
objective is to provide service to the members and not to maximize profits. Earning profits is the
most important objective of other forms of business organization. It is not so in the case of co-
operatives.
5. Distribution of Surplus- Members are paid dividend and bonus out of the profits of the co-
operative society. The bonus is given according to the volume of business transacted by each
member with the co-operative society.
For example, in a consumer co-operative society, bonus is paid in proportion to the purchases
made by members during a year. In a producers’ cooperative society, the value of goods delivered
for sale forms the basis of distributing bonus.
6. State Control- Cooperative societies are subjected to regulation and control by the government.
In India a cooperative society can be registered under the Cooperative Societies Act, 1912 or the
State Co-operative Societies Act.
7. Elimination of Middlemen- The main object of the cooperative societies is to eliminate

middlemen and to establish direct contact between members and customers. This ensures
availability of goods at fair prices and minimizes unhealthy competition.
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8. Cash Trading- Generally, a co-operative society buys and sells goods on cash basis. Cash trading
does not involve bad debts and credit collection expenses. Thus, it helps the society to have a good
working capital and to maintain short-term solvency.
9. Audit- Accounts of cooperative society are audited by the auditors appointed by the Government
under the supervision and control of Registrar of Co-operative Societies.
10. Principle of Self and Mutual Help- Cooperative society promotes the common interests of its
members through self-help and mutual help.
11. Democratic Management- Annual General Meeting (AGM) of co-operative society is held
every year in which the managing committee is elected, which manages the affairs of the co-
operative society.
12. Perpetual Existence- Existence cooperative remains unaffected by the death, or insolvency of
any of its members. Thus, it has perpetual existence.
2.5 Principles of Cooperation
Cooperative principles are defined as” a set of rules which govern the life and activity of a
cooperative organization”. The following are the Cooperative principles.
Voluntary and Open Membership—Cooperatives are voluntary organizations,

open to all persons able to use their services and willing to accept the
responsibilities of membership, without gender, social, racial, political, or
religious discrimination
Democratic Member Control—Cooperatives are democratic organizations controlled by their

members, who actively participate in setting policies and making decisions. The elected
representatives are accountable to the membership. In primary cooperatives, members have equal
voting rights (one member, one vote) and cooperatives at other levels are organized in a democratic
manner.
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Members’ Economic Participation—Members contribute equitably to, and democratically
control, the capital of their cooperative. At least part of that capital is usually the common property
of the cooperative. Members usually receive limited compensation, if any, on capital subscribed
as a condition of membership. Members allocate surpluses for any or all of the following purposes:
developing the cooperative, possibly by setting up reserves, part of which at least would be
indivisible; benefitting members in proportion to their transactions with the cooperative; and
supporting other activities approved by the membership.
Autonomy and Independence—Cooperatives are autonomous, self-help organizations controlled

by their members. If they enter into agreements with other organizations, including governments,
or raise capital from external sources, they do so on terms that ensure democratic control by their
members and maintain their cooperative autonomy.
Education, Training, and Information—Cooperatives provide education and training for their
members, elected representatives, managers, and employees so they can contribute effectively to
the development of their cooperatives. They inform the general public, particularly young people
and opinion leaders, about the nature and benefits of cooperation.
Cooperation Among Cooperatives—Cooperatives serve their members most effectively and

strengthen the cooperative movement by working together through local, national, regional, and
international structures.
Concern for Community—While focusing on member needs, cooperatives work for the
sustainable development of their communities through policies accepted by their members.
2.6 Cooperative Movement in Kerala
Kerala state was formed on the first November, 1956. When India became independent, three
different administrative units were functioning in this region vise Travancore, Cochin and
Malabar. The states of Travancore and Cochin were merged together to form the Travancore
Cochin state. Kerala was formed by the merger of Travancore Cochin State with Malabar.
The Cochin co-operative societies Act 1913, Travancore co-operative societies Act 1914 and
the Madras co-operative societies Act 1932 were enacted in the co-operative movements at earlier
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periods. Later the Cochin act and Travancore act were merged into Travancore Cochin act in1952.
After the formation of Kerala state in 1956 there was the need for a separate law for the state and
in 1969 Kerala Co-operative Societies Act came into force.
The co-operative movement in Kerala has a long history .Co-operative Movement in Kerala started
even before the formation of Kerala state. There were three administrative units in the erstwhile
Kerala- viz, Travancore, Cochin and Malabar. In 1949, Travancore and Cochin merged in to a
single state known as Travancore- Cochin State. Kerala state was formed in 1956 by merging all
the three units.
Co-operative Movement in Travancore
In Travancore the first co-operative society registered under the Travancore Co-operative Societies
Act, 1914 was Trivandrum Central Co-operative Bank. Then it was formed as the present Kerala
State Co-operative Bank. A Central Bank was also formed for financing primary co-operative
credit societies. The societies were registered with unlimited liability. But recovery of loans
became a problem and a number of societies were liquidated because of excess liability over assets.
Then the liability of the societies was changed in to ‘limited’ from 1918 onwards. Land Mortgage
Bank was formed in 1932 to provide long-term loans for a period of 10 to 20 years on the security
of land.
Co-operative Movement in Cochin
The Cochin Co-operative Societies Act was enacted in 1913. The first co-operative society
registered under this Act was ‘Advanced Co-operative Society’. It was a credit society with
unlimited liability. The Cochin Central Co-operative Bank was formed in 1918; it was based on
British co-operative movement. The long term loans were supplied by Cochin Central Co-
operative and Mortgage Bank. The area of operation was limited to Cochin.
Co-operative Movement in Malabar
14
Malabar district and Kasrgod Taluk was governed by Madras Co-operative Societies Act of 1932.
In Malabar, there were producers and consumers co-operative societies having large share capital.
The Malabar Co-operative Central Bank registered in 1917 at Calicut rendered much service in
providing loans to primary co-operatives.
Travancore-Cochin Co-operative Societies Act of 1951
Travancore-Cochin state came into existence in 1949. It was found necessary to have a uniform
co-operative law applicable in the entire Travancore-Cochin area. In 1951, Travancore-Cochin Co-
operative Societies Act was passed. This Act was in force till Kerala Co-operative Societies Act
came into force in 1969
Kerala Co-operative Societies Act of 1969
All states in India have its own Acts on Co-operation. All laws are written on the basis of Indian
Co-operative Societies Act 1904 and 1912. When Travancore, Kochi and Malabar were integrated
to form the kerala state, a common co-operative Law became inevitable. Accordingly, The Kerala
Co-operative Societies Act came into existence on 15 thMay 1969.There after, the Co-operative
Act in Kerala was revised and modified on various stages..
2.7 Types of Cooperative Societies
Cooperative societies can be classified into different categories based on the objectives and
purpose for which they are formed and nature of activities they are performing.
When few cooperatives are formed to achieve specific economic objectives, others come up
with an objective of upliftment of social and economical status of its members. Based on that the
following are the forms of cooperative societies which have developed in India:
(a)Consumer Cooperative
Consumer Cooperatives are formed with the objectives of fulfilling need and requirement
of its member consumer by supplying goods and services at cheaper rate by eliminating the
middlemen.
15
(b)Producer Cooperative
These types of cooperatives are formed to assist the manufactures/ industrial units in setting up,
production and marketing their products.
(c)Marketing Cooperative
It is the marketing cooperative whose business is to purchase all the goods produced by the
small manufacturer and market them when market is favourable or at different places when there
is demand for the same.
(d)Housing Cooperative
Housing Cooperative are those voluntary association of members which are engaged in
acquiring land from general public, develop the same and construct houses as per requirements
and transfer ownership.
(e)Credit Cooperatives
Credit Cooperative societies are made to assist the poor farmers and needy people of the
society with the provision of soft loan, easy loans at comparatively lower rate of interest and easy
terms and conditions.
Credit cooperatives are of two types namely:
i) Agricultural credit cooperatives

ii) Non –agricultural credit cooperative
An Agricultural credit cooperative extends credit to the rural people for both productive
and non-productive purpose, mainly related to agricultural financing. A Non-agricultural society
is meant for urban as well as rural masses and to meet their financial requirements for any other
purpose.
(f)Cooperative Farming Society
This society is formed for farmers. They go for mass farming to get higher rate of return
from economies of scale.
16
2.8 Objectives of Cooperative Society
The following are the objective of cooperative society:
1. Elimination of middleman.
2. Raising the standard of living of the poor.
3. Raising moral standards of its members.
4. Increasing the prosperity of the community.
5. Development of corporate life.
6. Abolition of social inequalities and economic imbalances
7. Neutrality in region and politics.
8. Removing the evils of capitalism.
2.9 Cooperative Societies in Kasargod District
Types of Societies Number of

societies
Primary Agriculture Development Bank 3
Kasargod District Cooperative Bank 1
Primary Agriculture Credit Societies 61
Farmers Service Cooperative Societies 3
Agriculture Improvement Societies 8
Urban Cooperative Banks BR Act 2
Urban Cooperative Bank Non-BR Act 12
Employees Credit Cooperative Societies 27
Primary Non-Agricultural Credit Societies 1
Primary Housing cooperative Societies 11
Primary Consumer Stores 10
College Cooperative societies 8
17
School Cooperative Societies 137
Marketing and Processing Cooperative Societies 10
Poultry Societies 1
Labour Contract Cooperative Societies 27
Other Industries Cooperative Society 1
Transport Cooperative Societies 4
SC/ST Cooperative societies 27
Women Cooperative Societies 66
Autoriksha Cooperative Societies 2
Hospital Cooperative Societies 17
Printing Cooperative Societies 4
Chethuthozhilali Cooperative Societies 4
Canteen Cooperative Societies 2
Welfare cooperative Societies 91
Educational Cooperative Societies 7
Tailoring Cooperative Societies 1
Non-agriculture Cooperative Societies 41
Tourism Cooperative Societies 5
Wholesale Consumer Stores 1
General Marketing Stores 5
Special marketing Societies 1
Agriculture Other Cooperative Societies 2
18
CHAPTER-IV
ANALYSIS OF DATA
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Analysis of Findings
3.3 Conclusion
19
CHAPTER-IV
ANALYSIS OF DATA
3.1 Introduction
To complete this study properly, it is necessary to analyze the data collected in order to test the
hypothesis and answer the research questions. This chapter comprises the analysis, presentation
and interpretation of the findings result of the study.
3.2 Analysis of Findings

1. Gender
In the study, gender is classified as male and female. Table 3.1 shows the gender wise
distribution of respondents.
Table no.3.1: The Gender wise distribution of respondents
Gender No. of Respondents Percentage
Male 20 40
Female 30 60
Total 50 100
Source: Primary Data
Figure no.3.1
Gender Of Respondents
Male
Female 40%
60%
19
Interpretation
The table no. 3.1, shows details regarding the gender of the respondents. Here 40percent of
respondents are male and 60 percent of respondents are female.
Hence the majority of respondents are female.
2. Age
In the study, age is classified as below 30 years, 30 to 45 years, 45 to 60 years and above
60 years. Table 3.2 shows the age wise classification of respondents.
Table no.3.2 : Age wise distribution of respondents
Valid No. of Respondents Percentage
Below 30 9 18
30-45 16 32
45-60 20 40
Above 60 5 10
Total 50 100
Figure no.3.2
Age of the Respondents

50
No.of Respondents
40
30
20
10
0
Below 30 30-45 45-60 Above 60
Age groups
Interpretation
The table no.3.2, shows details regarding the age of the respondents. Here, 18 percent of
respondents come under the age group of below 30 years, again 32 percent of respondent come
20
under the age group of below 30 to 45 years, 40 percent of respondents come under the age group
of 45 to 60 years and 10 percent of respondents are under above 60 years age.
Hence, majority of respondents comes under the age group of 45 to 60.
3. Educational Qualification
Educational qualification is one important choice of the study. The educational
qualification is classified as uneducated, up to SSLC, plus two and UG/PG. Table 3.3 shows
educational qualification of respondents.
Table no.3.3 : Educational Qualification
Uneducated 2 4
Up to SSLC 25 50
Plus two 13 26
UG/PG 10 20
Total 50 100
Figure no. 3.3 Educational Qualification
No. of Respondents
Uneducated
4%
UG/PG
20%
Up to SSLC
Plus two 50%
26%
Interpretation
From table no.3.3, it shows details regarding the educational qualification of respondents.
Here, 4 percent of respondents are uneducated, 50 percent of respondents are educated up to SSLC,
26 percent of respondents are educated up to plus two and 20 percent of respondents have
21
completed Under Graduation and Post Graduation. Here the majority of respondents are educated
up to SSLC.
4. Occupation
In the study, occupation is classified as Farmers, self-employed, Govt./semi-govt.

employees and others. Table 3.4 shows the occupation of respondents.
Table no.3.4: Occupation of Respondents

Farmers 7 14
Self-employment 20 40
Govt./semi 12 24
others 11 22
Total 50 100
Figure no.3.4: Occupation of Respondents
50
40
Percentage
30
20
10
0
Farmers self-employment Govt./semi others
Occupation
Interpretation
From table no. 3.4, it shows details regarding the occupation of respondents. Here 14
percent of respondents are farmers, 40 percent of the respondents are self-employed, 24 percent of
22
respondents are government or semi-government employee and 22 percent of respondents are
engaged in other sectors. Here the majority of respondents are self-employed.
5. Place of Residence
In the study, place of residence is classified as rural and urban. Table 3.5 shows place of
residence of respondents.
Table no.3.5: Place of Residence

Place No. of Respondent Percentage
Rural 36 72
Urban 14 28
Total 50 100

Figure no. 3.5
Residence of Respondents
Urban
Rural

Interpretation
From table no.3.5 it shows details regarding the place of residence of the respondents. Here
72 percent of respondents live in rural area and 28 percent of respondents live in urban area.
Hence majority of respondents are live in rural areas.
23
6.Monthly Income of Family of Respondents
In the study, monthly income is classified as below Rs.5000, Rs.5000 to Rs25000,
Rs.25000 to Rs 50000. Table 3.6 shows monthly income of respondents.
Table no.3.6: Monthly Income of Family of Respondents

Valid(Rs.) No. of Respondents Percentage
Below 5000 10 20
5000-25000 20 40
25000-50000 15 30
Above 50000 5 10
Total 50 100

Figure no.3.6
Monthly Income of Respondents

50
No. of Respondent
40
30
20
10
0
Below 5000 5000-25000 25000-50000 Above 50000
Income

Interpretation
From table no.3.6, it shows details regarding the respondent’s monthly income. Here, 20
percent of respondent’s monthly income is below Rs. 5000, 40 percent of respondent’s monthly
income ranges between Rs. 5000 to Rs. 25000, 30 percent of respondent’s monthly income ranges
24
between Rs.25000 to Rs.50000 and 10 percent of respondents have monthly income above
Rs.50000.
Hence majority of respondents have monthly income Rs.5000 to Rs.25000.
7. Are you aware of different types of cooperatives society?
Valid No. Of respondents Percentage
Yes 20 40
No - -
To an extent 30 60
Figure no.3.7
Awareness of cooperative society
60
50
40
Percentage
30
20
10
0
Yes No To an exent

Figure no. 3.7 shows the awareness of cooperatives in the respondents it’s clear from that no
respondent is unaware of the different cooperatives. But this awareness is only to an extent shows
a percent of 60.
25
8..Media of awareness of cooperatives
Table 3.7 shows media regularly used by respondents. It includes newspaper, television,
magazine etc.
Table no.3.7: Media regularly used by Respondents

Social media 10 20
Television 5 10
New 15 30
Magazine 3 6
More than one media 17 34
Figure no.3.8
Media regularly used by the Respondents
Newspaper
More than 1 20%
media
34%
Television
10%
Magazine Social media

6% 30%
26
Interpretation
From table no.3.7, it shows details regarding the media regularly used by the respondents.
Here 20 percent of respondents regularly use newspaper. 10 percent of respondents regularly use
television. 30 percent of respondent regularly use mobile phones. 6 percent of respondents
regularly uses magazine. And 34 percent of respondents regularly use more than one media like
newspaper, television, mobile phone.
Hence majority of respondents use more than one media.
9.Are you member of any co-operative society?

Table no.3.8: Are you member of any cooperative society
Yes 50 100
No 0 0
Total 50 100
27
Figure no. 3.9
Are you member of Cooperative

Society?
50
No. of Respondents
40
30
20
10
0
Yes No
Interpretation
From Table.3.8, we can see that 100 percent of respondents are members in any of the co-
operatives. It is estimated to have 100 percent of respondents to the members of the society. Some
of the people avail the benefits of cooperative society but they are not member in such society.
Hence majority of respondents are members of cooperative society.
10.In how many co-operative you have membership?
Membership in a cooperative society is one important choice of the study. The membership is
classified as membership in one, two and more than two cooperatives. Table 3.9 shows no. of
membership of respondents.
28
Table no.3.9 No. of Membership
One 24 48
Two 16 32
More than two 10 20
Total 50 100
Figure no.3.10
No. of Membership
50
40
Percentage
30
20
10
0
One Two More than two
No. of membership
Interpretation
From table no.3.9, it shows details regarding the number of membership that the
respondents have. Here 48 percent of respondents have membership in any one of the co-operative
29
Society, 32 percent of respondents have membership in two co-operatives and 20 percent of
respondents have members in more than two co-operatives.
Hence majority of respondents have membership in only one cooperative.
11.How long you have been member in cooperatives?
Duration of being member is one important choice of the study. The duration is classified
as below one year, one to three years, three to ten years and above ten years. Table 3.10 shows
duration of being member of respondents.
Table no.3.10: Duration of being Member
Below one year 3 6
One-three year 13 26
Above three up to ten 25 50

years
Above ten years 9 18
total 50 100
30
Figure no.-3.11
How long you have been member in

60
Cooperatives
Percentage
40
20
0
below 1 year 1 to 3 year 3 to 10 year more than 10 year
No.of Years

Interpretation
From table no.3.110, it shows details regarding, how long the respondents are members in
cooperatives. Here, 6 percent of respondents are members for below one year, 50 percent of
respondents are members for more than three years but less than ten years.
Hence majority of respondents are members for 3 to 10 years.
12.How frequently you are contacting cooperative societies?
Frequency of contacting cooperatives is one important choice of the study. It is classified

as daily, weekly, monthly and quarterly. Table 3.11 shows frequency of contacting cooperatives
by respondents.
Table no.3.11: frequency of contacting cooperative societies

Daily 4 8
Weekly 8 16
Monthly 18 36
31
Quarterly 20 40
total 50 100
Figure no. 3.12
Frequency of Contacting
dialy
8% weekly
quarterly 16%
40%
monthly
36%
Interpretation
From table no.3.11 it shows details regarding the frequency of contacting the co-operatives
society. Here 8 percent of respondents daily contact the co-operative society, 16 percent of
respondents weekly contacts the co-operative society, 36 percent of respondents monthly contacts
co-operatives and 40 percent of respondents quarterly contacts co-operatives. Hence majority of
respondents visit quarterly.
13.How much of your income is from cooperative society?

Income from cooperatives is one important choice of the study. The income is classified as
one to ten percent, eleven to fifty percent and more than fifty percent. Table 3.12 shows income
from cooperatives.
Table no.3.12: Income from Cooperative society

1 to 10 % 17 34
32
11 to 50 % 22 44
More than 50% 11 22
Total 50 100

Figure no.3.13
Income From Cooperative societies
60
Percentage
40
20
0
1 to10% 11 to 50% more than
50%

Interpretation
From Table no.3.12, it shows details regarding the income that they earn from cooperatives.
Here 34percent of respondents get one to ten percentage of income from cooperatives, 44 percent
of respondents get eleven to fifty percentage of income from cooperative, and 22 percent of
respondents get more than fifty percentage of income from cooperatives.
Hence majority of respondents gets eleven to fifty percent of income from cooperatives.
14.Whether any cooperative lend money when needed?

Lending capacity of cooperatives is one important choice of the study. It is classified as
never, always and sometimes. Table 3.13 shows lending capacity of cooperatives.
Table no 3.13: cooperative lend money when needed

Never 1 2
33
Always 25 50
Sometimes 24 48
Total 50 100

Figure no.3.14: cooperative lend money when needed
No. of Respondents
Never
2%
Sometimes
50%
Always
48%

Interpretation
From Table no.3.13, 2 percent of respondents have the opinion that cooperative societies
never lend money when needed, whereas 48 percent of respondents have the opinion that
cooperative societies always lend money when needed, and 50 percent of respondents have the
opinion that cooperative societies may sometimes lend money when needed.
Hence majority of respondents have the opinion that cooperatives sometimes lend money
when needed.
15.Whether you are attending the meeting conducted by cooperative societies?

Table no.3.14: attending meeting conducted by cooperative societies

Always 5 10
Sometimes 30 60
34
Never 15 30
total 50 100
Figure no.3.15
Percentage of Respondents for attending

meeting conducted by Cooperatives
70
60
50
percentage
40
30
20
10
0
Always Sometimes Never

Interpretation
From Table no.3.14, 10 percent of respondents are always attending meeting conducted by
cooperatives, 60 percent of respondents may sometimes attend meeting conducted by the
cooperatives and 30 percent of respondents never attending meeting held by the cooperatives.
Hence majority of respondents attend meeting very rarely.
16.Purpose of contacting cooperative societies

A customer has various needs for meeting a cooperative society. Table 3.15 shows the
purpose of contacting cooperative societies by the respondents.
35
Table no.3.15: Purpose of contacting cooperative societies
Preference Daily(%) Weekly(%) Monthly(%) Quarterly(%)

Purpose
Banking 30 28 50 20
Groceries 26 22 40 30
Milk-related 20 32 30 12
Agriculture 20 40 26 12
societies
Others 4 8 30 58
Interpretation
From Table no.3.15, it shows details regarding purpose for which households are
contacting cooperative societies. Here 50 percent of respondents are depending cooperative
societies for banking need on a monthly basis. 28 percent on weekly, 20 percent quarterly and 30
percent of respondents visit daily. Majority of respondents are visiting cooperative societies for
banking needs on a monthly basis.
Here 40 percent of respondents are depending cooperative societies for groceries on a

monthly basis. 22 percent on weekly, 30 percent quarterly and 26percent of respondents visit daily.
Majority of respondents are visiting cooperative societies for groceries on a monthly basis.
And here 32 percent of respondents are depending cooperative societies for milk related
items on weekly basis. 30 percent on monthly, 20 percent daily and 12 percent of respondents visit
quarterly. Majority of respondents are visiting cooperative societies for milk related items on a
weekly basis.
Here 40 percent of respondents are depending cooperative societies for agricultural purpose
on weekly basis. 26 percent on monthly, 20 percent dailly and 12 percent of respondents visit
quarterly. Majority of respondents are visiting cooperative societies for agricultural purpose on a
weekly basis.
36
And here 58 percent of respondents are depending cooperative societies for other purpose
need on a quarterly basis. 30 percent on monthly, 8 percent weekly and 4 percent of respondents
visit daily. Majority of respondents are visiting cooperative societies for other needs on a monthly
basis.
Hence the dependence on banking societies is more by the respondents.
17.Why do you prefer cooperative society for your needs?
A) Nearest to your Residence

In the study, nearest to residence is one preference of customers towards cooperative
society. Table3.16 shows the near to resident preference of the respondents.
Table no.3.16: Nearest to your Residence

1st prefer 15 30
2nd prefer 10 20
3rd prefer 8 16
4th prefer 7 14
5th prefer 6 12
6th prefer 4 8
37
Figure no.3.16
Nearest to your Residence

35
30
25
Percentage
20
15
10
5
0
1st prefer 2nd prefer 3rd prefer 4th prefer 5th prefer 6th prefer
Preference

Interpretation
From table no.3.16, it is clear that 30 percent of respondents gives first preference, 20
percent of respondents give second preference,16 percent of respondents give third preference,14
percent of respondents give forth preference,12 percent of respondents give fifth preference and 8
percent of respondents give sixth preference due to nearest to their residence.
Hence majority of respondents first prefer near to residence.
B) Better Personal Relationship
In the study, better personal relationship is one preference of customers towards

Cooperative society. Table3.17 shows the better personal relationship preference of the
respondents.
Table no.3.17: Better Personal Relationship

1st prefer 6 12
2nd prefer 14 28
3rd prefer 12 24
38
4th prefer 5 10
5th prefer 10 20
6th prefer 3 6

Figure no.3.17
Better Personal Relationship

30
25
20
Percentage
15
10
0
Preference

Interpretation
From table no.3.17, it is clear that 12 percent of respondents gives first preference, 28 percent
of respondents give second preference,24 percent of respondents give third preference,10 percent
of respondents give forth preference,20 percent of respondents give fifth preference and 6 percent
of respondents give sixth preference due to better personal relationship.
C) Easy terms of Dealings
In the study, easy terms of dealing are one preference of customers towards cooperative
society. Table3.18 shows the easy terms of dealings preference of the respondents.
39
Table no.3.18: Easy terms of Dealings
1st prefer 6 12
2nd prefer 7 14
3rd prefer 15 30
4th prefer 12 24
5th prefer 8 16
6th prefer 2 4
40
Figure no.3.18
Easy terms of Dealings

35
30
25
Percentage
20
15
10
5
0
Preference

Interpretation
of respondents give forth preference,16 percent of respondents give fifth preference and 4 percent
of respondents give sixth preference due to easy terms of dealings
D) Good Infrastructure
In the study, good infrastructure is one preference of customers towards cooperative society.
Table3.19 shows the good infrastructure preference of the respondents.
Table no.3.19: Good Infrastructure

1st prefer 4 8
2nd prefer 2 4
3rd prefer 5 10
4th prefer 18 36
5th prefer 11 22
41
6th prefer 10 20

Figure no. 3.19
Good Infrastructure
40
30
Percentage
20
10
0
Preference
Interpretation
From table no.3.19, it is clear that 8 percent of respondents gives first preference, 4 percent of
respondents give second preference,10 percent of respondents give third preference,36 percent of
respondents give forth preference,22 percent of respondents give fifth preference and 20 percent
of respondents give sixth preference due to good infrastructure.
E) Employee of a Society
In the study, employee of a society is one preference of customers towards cooperative society.
Table3.20 shows the employee of a society preference of the respondents.
Table no.3.20: Employee of a Society

1st prefer 6 12
2nd prefer 4 8
42
3rd prefer 8 16
4th prefer 6 12
5th prefer 3 6
6th prefer 23 4

Figure no.3.20
Employee of a Society
20
15
Percentage
10
0
Preference

Interpretation
of respondents give forth preference,6percent of respondents give fifth preference and 4 percent
of respondents give sixth preference due to employee of the society.
F) Believe in cooperative values and principles
In the study, believe in cooperative values and principles is one preference of customers
towards cooperative society. Table3.21 show they believe in cooperative values and principles
preference of the respondents.
43
Table no.3.21: Believe in cooperative values and principles
1st prefer 4 8
2nd prefer 6 12
3rd prefer 7 14
4th prefer 10 10
5th prefer 5 5
6th prefer 18 18

Figure no.3.21
Believe in Cooperative Values and

Principles
20
Percentage
15
10
5
0
Preference

Interpretation
From table no.3.21, it is clear that 8 percent of respondents gives first preference, 12
percent of respondents give second preference,14 percent of respondents give third preference,10
percent of respondents give forth preference,5 percent of respondents give fifth preference and 18
percent of respondents give sixth preference due belief in cooperative values ad principle.
17. What are the problems faced by you in dealing with co-operative societies
44
A) Lack of Professional Service
Lack of professional services is one problem faced by the respondent while dealing with
cooperative societies. Table 3.22 shows the problem lack of professional services.
Table no 3.22: Lack of Professional Service
Always 6 12
Sometimes 26 52
Never 18 36

Figureno.3.22
Lack of Professional Services

60
50
Percentage
40
30
20
10
0
always sometimes never
Interpretation
From table no.3.22, it shows details regarding the problems faced by the respondents while
dealing with cooperative society. One of the main problems faced by the people are lack of
professional services. Here 12 percent of respondents always face the problem of lack of
professional services among employees in a society, 52 percent of respondents may sometimes
face such problem and 36 percent of respondents never feel such problem.
45
B) Poor Infrastructure
Poor infrastructure is one problem faced by the respondent while dealing with cooperative
societies. Table 3.23 shows the problem poor infrastructure.
Table no.3.23: Poor Infrastructure

Always 20 40
Sometimes 22 44
Never 8 16
Figure no.3.23
Poor Infrastructure
50
45
40
35
Percentage
30
25
20
15
10
5
0
Interpretation
dealing with cooperative society. Other problems faced by the people are poor infrastructure. Here
46
40 percent of respondents always face the problem of poor infrastructure, 44 percent of
respondents may sometimes face such problem and 16 percent of respondents never feel such
problem.
C) Poor Customer Relation
Poor customer relation is one problem faced by the respondent while dealing with
cooperative societies. Table 3.23 shows the problem poor customer relation.
Table no.3.24: Poor Customer Relation
Always - -
Sometimes 30 60
Never 20 40

Figure no.3.24
Poor Customer Relation
60
50
Percentage
40
30
20
10
0
47
Interpretation
dealing with cooperative society. Other problems faced by the people are poor customer relation.
Here 60 percent of respondents sometimes face the problem of poor customer relation and 40
percent of respondents never feel such problem.
D) Inadequate Financing
Inadequate financing is one problem faced by the respondent while dealing with
cooperative societies. Table 3.25 shows the problem inadequate financing.
Table no.3.25: Inadequate Financing

Always 5 10
Sometimes 30 60
Never 15 30

Figure no.3.25
Inadequate Financing
70
60
50
Percentage
40
30
20
10
0
48
Interpretation
dealing with cooperative society. Other problems faced by the people are inadequate financing.
Here 10 percent of respondents always face the problem of inadequate financing, 60 percent of
problem.
E) Political Interference
Political interference is one problem faced by the respondent while dealing with
cooperative societies. Table 3.26 shows the problem political interference.
Table no.3.26: Political Interference

Always 29 58
Sometimes 18 36
Never 3 6
49
Figure no.3.27
Political Interference
70
60
50
Percentage
40
30
20
10
0

Interpretation
dealing with cooperative society. Other problems faced by the people are Political interference.
Here 58 percent of respondents always face the problem of Political interference, 36 percent of
problem.
F) Offer only Partial Services
Partial service is one problem faced by the respondent while dealing with cooperative
societies. Table 3.27 shows the problem partial services.
Table no.3.27: Offer only Partial Services
Always 6 12
Sometimes 29 58
50
Never 15 30

Figure no.3.28
Offer only Partial Services

70
60
50
Percentage
40
30
20
10
0

Interpretation
dealing with cooperative society. Other problems faced by the people are partial service. Here 12
percent of respondents always face the problem of partial service, 58 percent of respondents may
sometimes face such problem and 30 percent of respondents never feel such problem.
G) Inadequate Services
Inadequate service is one problem faced by the respondent while dealing with cooperative
societies. Table 3.28 shows the problem inadequate services.
Table no.3.28: Inadequate Services

Always - -
51
Sometimes 29 58
Never 21 42
Figure no.3.29
Inadequate Services
60
50
40
Percentage
30
20
10
0
Interpretation
dealing with cooperative society. Other problems faced by the people are inadequate services. Here
58 percent of respondents sometimes face the problem of inadequate services and 42 percent of
respondents never feel such problem.
H) Fear of Failure of Society
Failure if society is one problem faced by the respondent while dealing with cooperative
societies. Table 3.29 shows the problem failure of society.
52
Table no.3.29: Fear of Failure of Society
Always 10 20
Sometimes 18 36
Never 22 44

Figure no.3.30
Fear of Failure of Society

50
45
40
35
Percentage
30
25
20
15
10
5
0

Interpretation
dealing with cooperative society. Other problems faced by the people are failure of the society.
Here 20 percent of respondents always face the problem of failure of the society, 36 percent of
problem.
Hence majority of respondents never face the problem of failure of society.
53
I) Delayed Services
Delayed service is one problem faced by the respondent while dealing with cooperative
societies. Table 3.30 shows the problem delayed services.
Table no.3.30: Delayed Services

Always 7 14
Sometimes 29 58
Never 14 28

Figure no.3.31
Delayed Services
70
60
50
Percentage
40
30
20
10
0
Interpretation
dealing with cooperative society. Other problems faced by the people are delayed services. Here
14 percent of respondents always face the problem of delayed service, 58 percent of respondents
may sometimes face such problem and 28 percent of respondents never feel such problem.
54
Hence majority of respondents sometimes face the problem of delayed services
3.3 Conclusion
The sources of data used for analysis is purely from questionnaire. Questionnaire was taken
as a tool for collecting data from households.50 households were taken as sample unit. Based on
the above analysis, summary of findings and suggestion are made.
55
CHAPTER-V
SUMMARY OF FINDINGS AND SUGGESTION
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Findings
5.3 Suggestions
5.4 Conclusion
56
CHAPTER-V
SUMMARY OF FINDINGS AND SUGGESTION
4.1 Introduction
After an in-depth analysis of the primary data collected directly from the 50 households, in
kasargod district, the following points have been identified. This chapter makes an attempt to list
out the various findings identified after the analysis, suggestions put forwards by the respondents
and the conclusion to the study.
4.2 Findings
1. In kasargod district almost all households have membership in any of the cooperative societies.
2. In the study majority of respondents are female.
3. Majority of respondents are under the age group of 45 to 60 years.
4. Most of the people who reside in rural areas were respondents.
5. Majority of respondents have membership in one cooperatives.
6. Most of the respondents have the opinion that cooperative society lends money when needed
but the quantum of loan amount is comparatively less.
7. Majority of respondents attend the meeting conducted by the cooperatives.
8. Banking societies are most preferred by the households.
9. One of the most important problem suffered by the respondents are poor customer relation.
10. Most the respondents gather information from more than one media, but any information
related to cooperatives are gathered only from newspaper.
11. The uneducated respondents were comparatively less than educated households. And the
awareness about the cooperative society for them was very poor.
12. Majority of households responded were from rural areas. This show the dependents on
cooperative society by the rural households are more.
13. Some of the reason for the preference of cooperative society are
• Nearest to residence
• Easy terms of dealing
56
14. Some of the reasons for the problems faced while dealing with cooperative society are :
• Political interference
• Poor customer relationship
• Inadequate services
4.3 Suggestions
1. Basically people are interested investing in cooperatives society due to their interest rates but
they lack certain factors of nationalized bank , including these factors improves performances
of cooperatives banks.
2. In order to attract higher income groups, the cooperatives should offer the goods and services
required for them.
3. The modern techniques of banking including the use of ATM should also be extended to the
cooperative banks. As most of the respondents prefer to have easy access, while they are dealing
with cooperative banks.
4. The selection of staff should be made purely on the basis of merits to improve the efficiency of
cooperatives.
5. By adequate communication, it should ensure that the members are participating in meetings
on all occasions.
6. It is necessary to stop political interference in the day-to-day functioning of cooperatives.
7. More focus should be given to attract urban consumers towards cooperative societies.
8. Proper awareness should be given to the public relating to the schemes, amenities provided by
the cooperatives.
9. Television, newspaper have to be used for making the people conscious about the utility of the
cooperatives. All the respondents use the Medias as prescribed, but the awareness among them
regarding cooperatives is very poor.
4.4 Conclusion
In the study of “Role of cooperative among households in kasargod district”, I have experienced
that cooperation has vital role among households in kasargod district. Cooperatives are service
57
oriented institutions based on the principle of each for all and all for each. The basic objective of
the cooperative movement is to achieve the welfare of the members concerned and to protect them
from exploitation.
Thus, the study was conducted to know the cooperatives working in kasargod district and to
understand the dependence or influence of households on cooperatives.
REFERENCE
BOOKS:
1. Balan, T.S., Krishnan, A.P., Ashokan, K.K, Cooperation Part-One.
2. Balan, T.S., Krishnan, A.P., Ashokan, K.K, Cooperation Part-two
3. Kothari, R.C, Research Methodology -.
WEBSITES:
https://cooperativessociety.//
https://roleofcooperativesociety//
58
QUESTIONNAIRE
Name:
1.Gender : Male( ) Female( )

2.Age : Below 30( ) 30 to 45( ) 45 to 60 ( ) above 60( )
3. Education : Uneducated ( ) up to SSLC ( ) Plus two( UG/PG( )
4. Occupation : Farmer ( ) self-employment ( ) Govt/Semi ( ) Others( )
5. Place of residence: Rural ( ) Urban( )
6.Monthy income of family : below 5000 ( ) 5000 – 25000 ( ) 25000 -50000 ( )
above50000( )
7. Are you a member of any cooperative society ? Yes ( ) no( )
8.If yes, In how many cooperatives you have membership
Zero( ) 1 ( ) 2 ( ) more than 2( )
9. For what purpose you contact cooperative society (Tick)
Daily Weekly Monthly Quarterly
Banking society
Groceries
Milk-related
Agricultural societies
Other societies
10. Are you aware about different segment of Co-operatives society?

Yes ( ) No ( ) To an extent ( )
11.Medium of awareness: Newspaper ( ) television ( ) radio ( )Magazine ( )
others( )
12.. How frequently you are contacting cooperative society? Daily ( ) weekly ( ) monthly(
) quarterly( )
59
13. How long you have been member in cooperative society ? below 1 year ( ) 1-3 years( )
above 3 up to 10 years ( ) above 10 years( )
14.How much of your income is from cooperative society ? Zero ( ) 1 to 10%( ) 11 to
50%( ) more than 50%( )
15.Whether any cooperative societies lend money when needed

Never ( ) always ( ) sometimes ( )
16.Whether you are attending meeting conducted by cooperatives
Always ( ) sometimes( ) never( )
17.Why do you prefer cooperative society for your needs (rank 1 to 6)
Nearest to your resident
Better personal relationship
Easy terms of dealing
Good infrastructure
Employee of a society
Believe in cooperative values and principles
18..What are the problems faced by you in dealing with cooperative society (Tick)
Always Sometimes Never
Lack of professional
service
Poor infrastructure
Poor customer relation
Inadequate financing
Political interference
offers only partial service
Fear of failure of society
Inadequate service
Delayed services
60

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APPENDIX I

A STUDY ON ROLE OF COOPERATIVES AMONG

POST GRADUATE DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE

I express my gratitude to our principal, Dr. T. VIJAYAN, who gave

I would like to express, my gratitude to Mrs. JISHA P.V, Assistant

I reserve my gratitude to my family members for the moral support

Reg. No: B9PCOM3606

Place: Padanakad Name: ATHIRA P V

Date: Reg.No: B9PCOM3606

NEHRU ARTS AND SCIENCE COLLEGE

POST GRADUATE DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE

Head of the Department

Chapter No. Contents Page No

2 Review of Literature 5-8

3 Theoretical Framework 9-18

4 Analysis of Data 19-52

5 Summary of Findings and 54-56

Table No. Title Page

Table No. Title Page

3.1 Gender of the respondents 19

3.2 Age of the respondents 20

3.3 Education of the respondents 21

3.4 Occupation of the respondents 22

3.5 Residence of the respondents 23

3.6 Monthly income of the respondents 24

3.7 Awareness of cooperatives society 25

3.7 Media used by the respondents 30

3.8 Membership of the society 31

3.9 No. Of membership the respondents 32

3.10 Frequency of contacting cooperative society 33

3.11 Duration of membership of the respondents 34

3.12 Percentage income from cooperatives 35

3.13 Lending Of The money To Respondents 36

3.14 The meeting attending by the respondents 37

3.15 Preference due to nearest to society 38

3.16 Preference due to better personal relationship 39

3.17 Preference due to easy terms of dealing 40

3.19 Preference due to employee of the society 42

3.20 Preference due to believe in cooperative values and principles 43

3.21 Problem due to lack of professional services 44

3.22 Problem due to poor infrastructure 44

3.23 Problem due to poor customer relation 45

3.24 Problem due to inadequate financing 46

3.25 Problem due to political interference 47

3.26 Problem due to partial services 48

3.27 Problem due to inadequate services of society 49

3.28 Problem due to failure of society 50

3.29 Problem due to delayed services 51

A cooperative (also known as co-operative, co-op, or coop) is "an autonomous association of

1.2 Importance of the Study

The study seeks to attain the following objective.

1. To know the various Cooperative societies working in Kasargod district.

2. To study the role Cooperatives on households in Kasargod district.

3. To understand the reasons for the preference of Cooperatives form of organization by

4. To identify the problems faced by households in dealing with Cooperatives.

(a) Sampling Design

(b) Sources of Data

Data are obtained from two sources.

1.6 Limitation of the Study

(Jain andBhat,2014)This book is based on the amendments of 2014 as amended by Maharashtra

(JainandBhatt,2008)“maharashtra ownership flats [regulation of the promotion of construction,

Cooperation serves as organized instrument for economically weaker employees and