LITERATURE MATRIX

Author (s) Title Context of RQ / RO IV, DV, Theory Method Analysis Findings Limitation
Study MV (if
any)
Breuer, E., Using theory To determine How are Theory of Secondary Descriptive A total of 62 papers Although a
Lee, L., De of change to how ToCs ToCs for change research – statistics were were included in large number of
Silva, M. et design and have been public health N/A research on calculated the review. Forty- papers were
al. (2015) evaluate public developed and interventions papers using STATA nine (79 %) included in the
health used in the developed reporting the 13. The papers described the review, their
interventions development and refined? use of theory were development of descriptions of
and evaluation of change compared, ToC, 18 (29 %) the ToC
of public evaluated and described the use of development
health summarised ToC in the and use in
interventions narratively in development of the intervention
globally relation to intervention and 49 design and
review (79 %) described evaluation
questions. the use of ToC in lacked detail.
the evaluation of
the intervention.
Brons, M., Access to The propensity
Givoni, M., Railway to travel by
Stations and rail, and not, N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
& Rietveld, Its Potential in for example by
P. (2009) Increasing Rail car, can be
Use considered to
be a factor of
the rail service
offered, the
access to it and
the
characteristics
of the
population
served.
Chen, C. How The structural The Exploratory
F., & Tsai, destination relationships questions in factor analyses
D. (2007) image and between all N/A N/A N/A the using principal N/A N/A
evaluative variables with questionnaire component
factors affect respect to is based on a method with
behavioral different review of the varimax
intentions? stages of literature rotation were
tourist and specific conducted on
behaviours destination destination
were characteristic image and trip
s quality to
 investigated in examine their
the study. dimensionaliti
es
and
psychometric
properties
Chew, J. Transport and Tourism
(1987) Tourism in the continues to
Year 2000 increase with N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
the aid of
improved
transport and
communicatio
ns facilities.
Chew, E. Destination How perceived Online Data collected The paths from The stud was
Y. T., & image as a risks affect survey from perceived physical limited to
Jahari, S. mediator destination N/A N/A N/A questionnaire risks to cognitive examining the
A. (2014). between image and were and affective revisit intention
perceived risks intention to computed images were not to Japan as a
and revisit revisit. using SPSS significant thus risky
intention: A and AMOS hypothesis 1 & 2 destination and
case of post- 18.0 were not supported. sample size of
disaster Japan. 255 repeat
 tourists may not
be
representative
of the views of
the total
number of
Malaysian
repeat tourists
to Japan.
Cozzio, C., The effect of Tourists The findings Research done
Tokarchuk, price bundling acquiring indicate that through a pilot
O., & on tourists’ packaged N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A consumers fail to study.
Maurer, O. extra holidays tend fully recognize the Comparative
(2021) expenditure: a to incur extra value of single evaluations of
mental budget expenditure items included in tourists’
approach. while on the bundle as they behaviour in
vacation and, are allocating the different
in turn, to set a same budget for settings are
mental budget extra expenditure needed to
to avoid independently of further increase
overspending. what is included in results’
the vacation generalizability.
package.
Croy, W. Planning for Presents a What do The need of an Image strategies
G. (2010) film tourism: strategic destination image strategy require the
Active image- managers N/A N/A N/A to assessment of a N/A
destination management specifically obtain the destination’s image,
image framework for need to focus most and the role that
management the planned on? What are sustainable films play to
use of film. the crucial benefits from reinforce or
roles that films. enhance the
film plays to destination’s
induce positive
tourists to a attributes.
destination,
and how can
this be
understandin
g
be
maximised
for the
destination’s
sustainability
Davis, D., Budgeting for Budgeting on
& Turner, the Holidays. holidays to N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
J. (2006) avoid
overspending
Fishbach, Goals as This article
A., & Dhar, Excuses or examines
R. (2005) Guides: The subsequent N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
Liberating consumer
Effect of choice
Perceived following
Goal Progress initial goal
on Choice. pursuit in
personal
budgeting.
Freeman, What is a Assesses how Theory of
M., White, ‘theory of the change
S., Majorin, change’ and development N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
F. (2020) how does it of theory of
inform change can
COVID-19 help a project
program achieve its
monitoring outcomes
 and
evaluation.
Guilherme The Role of The precise (1) How can
Lohmann Transport in relationship transport
Palhares. Tourism between services, N/A N/A Survey N/A N/A N/A
(2003) Development: transport and infrastructure
Nodal tourism s and
Functions and networks
Management improve
Practices tourism in
gateways?
(2) What are
the roles of
different
players (the
demand, the
transport
suppliers and
the tourism
organisation)
in the
development
of multiple
 nodal
functions?
(3) How can
partnerships
among these
players
improve
tourism in
gateways?
Govers, R., Promoting tourism i)What are Using the It reports the
Go, F., & tourism promotion the various content findings of a study
Govers, R., Promoting does not have information N/A N/A N/A analysis in which 1,100 N/A
Go, F., & Tourism a major impact sources that software, the respondents, from
Kumar, K. Destination upon the consumers totality of across the globe,
(2007) Image perceptions of use to form qualitative described their pre-
travellers destination responses for visit perceived
images? each image of seven
ii)What is the destination sample
relative was processed destinations, as
importance in order to well as the
of tourism identify the information sources
promotion? most they used
and frequently
 iii)Does the used words to
relative describe
importance salient
of tourism perceived
promotion image
vary among elements
destinations?

Hashim, The Influence How perceived DV – Four-section

N., Mohd, of Tourist risk influences Travel questionnaire
Zaimatul Perceived Risk the travel N/A intention N/A N/A N/A N/A
Awang, & towards Travel intention of IV –
Abdullah Intention: A tourists. Physical
Muhamed Conceptual risk,
Yusoff. Paper social
(2019) risk,
performan
ce risk,
psycholog
ical risk,
financial
 risk and
time risk.
Hosany, S., Destination This study Independe Theory The paper Findings offer Results indicate
Ekinci, Y., image and provides some nt developme reviews the important that destination
& Uysal, destination empirical N/A variables nt results in literature on implications image and N/A
M. (2007) personality support to this an confusion brand for developing destination
contentious attitude and (destination) destination personality are
debate. Results toward impedes image, marketing related concepts.
indicate that the managerial brand strategies. The Canonical
destination destinatio practices. (destination) tourism correlation analyses
image and n and The personality industry is reveal that the
destination intention relationship and identifies increasingly emotional
personality to between examples of competitive component of
are two recomme brand definitional with destination image
different but nd. image and inconsistenci destination captures the
related brand es and marketing majority of
concepts. personality instances organisations variance on
necessitates where the competing to destination
substantive terms brand attract tourists. personality
empirical image and dimensions.
testing and brand
confirmatio personality
n. are used
 interchangea
bly. Two
studies were
carried out to
investigate
the
relationship
between the
two
constructs.
Data were
analysed
using
canonical
correlation.
Kozak, M. Repeaters’ This paper Questionnair Analysis of the The findings Limitations on
(2001). behaviour at proposes a e literature suggested that some disconfirmation
two distinct model of N/A N/A N/A displayed people preferred approach.
destinations. multiple substantial visiting different
relationships variance in the destinations
among tourist number and
satisfaction, nature of
previous visits, attributes
 and behavioral considered
intention to relevant to
revisit. tourist
satisfaction
with
destinations.
Liu, Y. C., What makes The demand Muslim Theory of Questionnair Muslim Muslim tourists Some Muslims
Li, I. J., Muslim for supply of friendly planned e friendly found it safe to travelled to
Yen, S. Y., friendly the Islamic N/A tourism, behaviour tourism travel to Taiwan Taiwan for
& Sher, P. tourism? An tourism destinatio consists of but felt there were work and not
J. (2018) empirical industry has n image, three main insufficient access for a trip and
study on increased by travel components: to prayer spaces some will not
destination rising number intention, key faith- and inconvenient be able to
image, tourist of Islamic tourists’ based needs, dining options. answer the
attitude and followers. attitude reasons and questionnaire if
travel motivation for they do not
intention. travel by understand
Muslims and English.
travel &
hospitality
services
Lertputtara The Destination allows identify the The findings were The data
k, S. (2012) relationship image and N/A N/A N/A minimizing underlying limited to only collection was
between food image are the number factors of Thai Pattaya. Thai food collected by
destination the essences of of variables food image image should be convenience
image, food tourists’ that have a attributes studied in other sampling and
image, and destination high loading parts of Thailand as the results
revisiting selections. The on the factor well in order to find cannot be
Pattaya, purposes of in order to the differences generalized to
Thailand this improve the between different the
research was interpretabilit places. whole
to study y of the population. In
tourists’ factors and addition, the
perception maintains the majority of
toward factors that respondents in
destination are this study were
image and not from Asia and
Thai food correlated Europe, which
image as well with each could
as study the other. be
relationship overrepresented
between those in the data set.
two variables
and the
tourists’
 intention to
revisit.
Litman Evaluating The concept of The concept Measurin Theory of Accessibility More Conventional Mobility
(2008) Accessibility accessibility of g people’s economic can be comprehensive planning tends to (physical
for and how it can accessibility ability to evaluated analysis of overlook and movement), the
Transportation be and how it reach from various accessibility in undervalue some of quality and
Planning incorporated in can be desired perspectives, planning these factors and affordability of
transport incorporated goods and including a expands the perspectives. transport
planning in transport activities. particular scope of options,
planning group, mode, potential transport
location or solutions to system
activity. transport connectivity,
problems. mobility
substitutes, and
land use
patterns.
Le-Klähn, Tourist Use of Understanding
Diem- Public tourists' use of
Trinh, and Transport at public N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
C. Michael Destinations transport (PT)
Hall (2015) at the
destination is
important for
 sustainable
mobility,
destination
satisfaction,
PT
management
and destination
management.
Matos, N., The role of tourists to the importance
Mendes, J., imagery and experience the of the
& Pinto, P. experiences in desired N/A N/A N/A N/A construct N/A N/A
(2015) the holidays prior imagery
construction of to visitation at all stages of
a tourism consumption,
destination because of the
image intangibility
that
characterizes
tourism and
services in
general.
Mork, L. A Guide to The
F., & Budgeting for importance of N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
Cooper, M. the Young managing
L. (1979) Couple. finances for
young couples
O’Leary, Qualitative The study The This might Unstructured
S., & and highlights the objective of also prove to techniques,
Deegan, J. quantitative need for image this initiative N/A N/A be an namely N/A N/A
(2003) images of modification is to make effective content
Ireland as a to ensure that people method of analysis and
tourism the (Directly or ‘internal’ free
destination in portrayed indirectly) branding; elicitation,23
France image of connected that was used to
Ireland is with tour is, getting the derive the
consistent with Page 222 general image
what Images of public to attributes of
the destination Ireland as a support and Ireland which
has to offer in tourism ‘live’ the are applicable
reality. destination in brand to
France French
ism more travellers
aware of
what
differentiates
Ireland
 from
competing
destinations
and to
encourage
them to be
more
proactive in
protecting
those core
value
O’Reilly, From drifter to The increasing Extensive
C. C. gap year growth of fieldwork
(2006) tourist. Annals backpacking N/A N/A and N/A N/A N/A N/A
of Tourism travellers research on
Research backpacker
-oriented
websites
Promsivapa A comparative Comparison of DV – Findings suggest Limited
llop, P., & assessment of destination Travel that Vietnam and previous
Kannaovak destination image and N/A intention N/A Survey N/A Thailand are riskier research on
un, P. image, travel travel risk as IV – than Singapore due destination
(2017) risk perceived by Destinatio to multiple factors. image and
 perceptions young German n image, travel risk
and travel travellers travel risk perceptions
intention by across three perceptio simultaneously.
young ASEAN ns
travellers countries,
across three namely
ASEAN Singapore,
countries Thailand and
Vietnam.
Rietveld, P. The The market The The role The bicycle appears The reasons
(2000) Accessibility potential of competitive of the to play a large role why the train is
of Railway railway position of bicycle in N/A N/A N/A as an access mode often not
Stations: The services rail transport The with a share of chosen as a
Role of the depends on the in view of Netherlan 35%. travel
Bicycle in the quality of the the need of ds alternative
Netherlands, total chain an access relates to the
Transportation from residence mode. accessibility of
Research to place of railway
activity. stations.
Shani, A. Testing the Objectives in Independe Factor Importance of
(2009) impact of a promoting nt analyses were promoting
promotional N/A their variables) N/A N/A utilised on N/A the desired
video on destinations and destination
destination such as behaviour the image image to an
image change improving al attributes in international
them intentions both the pre- audience, it
national regarding test and should be noted
image as a China as a the post-test that such
whole and travel data. efforts are not a
leveraging destinatio substitute for
them n dealing with
international (dependen true
status. t political and
variables) socio-economic
, four challenges that
multiple a
regression destination
analyses might face.
were
conducted
for both
pre-test
and post-
test
data.
Ursil Majid Destination To study the What is the Destinatio Questionnair Purposive Destination brand,
Makhdoom image and effect of impact of n image, e sampling was entertainment,
i, & travel intention destination destination travel N/A used for data nature & climate N/A
Mubashir of travellers to image on the image on risk intention, collection are the significant
Majid Jammu and risk perception? risk dimensions of
Baba. Kashmir-The perceptions of What is the perceptio destination image,
(2019) mediating tourists impact of n which in turn has a
effect of risk o study the destination positive effect on
effect of image on risk perception and
destination travel travel intention
image on the intention?
risk What is the
perceptions of impact of
tourists risk
o study the perception
effect of on travel
destination intention?
image on the What is the
risk impact of
perceptions of risk
tourists perception
To study the on travel
effect of intention?
 destination RQ4: What
image on the is the
risk mediating
perceptions of role of risk
tourists perception
between
destination
image and
travel
intention?
Winger & Personal How to
FRASCA Finance: An manage and
(2021) Integrated plan personal N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
Planning finances
Approach
Wibowo, S. Modelling Walking
S., Walking accessibility is
Olszewski, Accessibility defined as how N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
P. (2005) to Public easy it is to
Transport access public
Terminals: transport
Case Study of terminals by
Singapore walking.
 Mass Rapid
Transit,
Journal of the
Eastern Asia
Society for
Transportation
Studies
Yosef Urban The flow 1. The Random Their It should be The limitations
Sheffi Transportation pattern transportatio utility heuristic is a used for of the UE-
(1985) Networks: throughout an n N/A theory hybrid studying N/A based
Equilibrium urban network infrastructure between various distribution
Analysis with can be looked and services, capacity scenarios, each model have led
Mathematical upon as the including restraint and corresponding transportation
Programming result of two streets, incremental to a possible planning
Methods competing intersections, assignment state of any professionals to
mechanisms. and transit method. one (or a use trip
On the one lines. combination distribution
hand, users of 2. The of) the functions.
the system transportatio aforementione These functions
(drivers, n system d constant determine the
passengers, operating characteristics. number of trips
pedestrians) and control that should be
try to travel in policies. assigned to
a way that 3. The each destination
minimizes the demand for from each
disutility travel, origin, given
associated including the the respective
with activity and travel times.
transportation. land-use
patterns.