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Question: Elements of Mechanical Engineering [EXP-715] (https://holooly.com/sources/elements-of-mechanical-

engineering-exp-715/)

1 kg of steam at 120 bar and 400°C expands reversibly in a perfectly thermally insulated

cylinder behind a piston until the pressure is 38 bar and the steam is then dry saturated.

Calculate the work done by the steam.

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Solution

Mass of steam,    m = 1 kg

Initial pressure of steam,   p1 ​

= 120 bar = 120 × 105 N /m2

Initial temperature of steam,    t1 = 400°C. ​

Final pressure of steam,     p2 ​

= 38 bar

From superheat tables, at 120 bar and 400°C

h1 = 3051.3kJ/kg   and   v1 = 0.02108m3 /kg

​ ​

Now, using the equation :

u = h – pv

5
∴      u1 = 3051.3– 120××10
​

103
0.02108
= 2798.34 kJ/kg ​

Also,    u1 ​
= ug   at   38 bar = 2602 kJ/kg.
​

Since the cylinder is perfectly thermally insulated then no heat

flows to or from the steam during the expansion, the process

therefore is adiabatic.

∴      Work done by the steam,    W = u1 − u2 ​ ​

= 2798.34 – 2602 = 196.34 kJ/kg.

The process is shown on p-v diagram in Fig. 2.64, the shaded area
representing the work done.

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