730961-8.

4-31EX AID:574363 | 08/01/2022

The factor 16  x 2 has the form a 2  x 2 with a  4 ,So use the substitution x  4sin  .
It follows that dx  4 cos   d .

Given problem,
 4sin  
2
x2
  dx    4 cos   d
 16  x 
2
 16  (4sin  )  2 2
(Substitute x, dx and limits for d )
sin   cos 
2
  16  4   d
 16  16sin   2

16  4 sin 2   cos 
4  1  sin 2 
  d
  (Taking out common values in Numerator)
sin 2   cos 
 16   d
cos 2   1  sin 2   cos2  
sin 2   cos 
 16   d
cos 
 16  sin 2   d

1 cos 2
using power reducing formula sin   
2
Rewrite with .
sin 2
2 2  
 1 cos 2 
 16    d
2 2 
  sin 2 
 16     C0
 2 2 2 


The final step is return into its original variable x. The first term is replaced by
2
1 1  x 
sin   . The second term involving .From the reference triangle
2 4 sin 2  2sin  cos 

sin 2 1
 sin  cos 
4 2

1 x 16  x 2
  
2 4 4
x 16  x 2

16

Therfore the final solution is

x2 1  x  x 16  x
2 
  dx  16  sin 1   
2


 16  x 
2
 4 16 