MATHEMATICS

With CASIO fx-991ES PLUS Calculator Techniques

Plane Geometry
sum of the interior angles, central angle, number of diagonals, parallelogram, rectangle, rhombus, square,
trapezoid and trapezium, cyclic quadrilateral, quadrilateral circumscribing a circle, regular polygon, regular
polygon circumscribing a circle, regular polygon inscribed in a circle , arc length, tangent, secant, diameter,
radius, chord, circumference, sector, segment of a circle, angle subtended by chord, circle theorem, ellipse etc.
ENGR. KRISTUFFER DARCYTH TAN PRING,
CE, MP, ME1,S02,PE, EnP
Lecturer – 2JP REVIEW CENTER
Bicol University 1
 8 DIFFERENT BRANCHES OF GEOMETRY
I. PLANE GEOMETRY – Deals with the properties of plane figures or geometrical shapes of two
dimensions, such as angles, triangles, square, polygon, conic sections.
II. SOLID GEOMETRY – Deals with the properties of geometrical shapes of three dimensions suc
as cones, pyramids, cylinders, prisms, spheres etc.
III. TRIGONOMETRY – A geometry which specializes on the study of triangles.
IV. ANALYTICAL GEOMETRY – A geometry which deals with geometric problems by using the
coordinates systems and transforming them into algebraic problems. This type of geometry was
invented by Rene Descartes.
V. EUCLIDEAN GEOMETRY – A geometry that is based on the assumptions of Euclid, the
problems of this type of geometry can be solved by logical reasoning from an initial core of
postulates.
VI. NON-EUCLIDEAN GEOMETRY– a geometry that is not based on the assumption of Euclid.
VII. PROJECTIVE GEOMETRY – deals with the study of those properties of plane figures that are
unchanged when a given set of points is projected onto a second plane.
VIII. DIFFERENTIAL GEOMETRY– a geometry that applies differential and integral calculus to
curves, surfaces and other geometric entities
 PLANE GEOMETRY
I. ANGLES – is a formed by two rays which extend from a common point called vertex.

DIFFERENT TYPES OF ANGLES:

ADJACENT ANGLES – are two angles with a leg in common.

COMPLEMENTARY ANGLES – are two angles whose sum is a right angle (90°)
SUPPLEMENTARY ANGLES – are two angles whose sum is a straight angle (180°)
EXPLEMENTARY ANGLES – are two angles whose sum is a full angle (360°)
VERTICAL ANGLES – are angles formed by two intersecting lines. Vertical angles are equal.
 ANGLES

A certain angle has a complement of 10 times its

supplement. What is the angle?
A. 190 B. 200 C. 210 D. 220
 ANGLES

Five times the supplement of an angle is equal to its

explement. Find the angle.
 PLANE GEOMETRY
II. CIRCLES – is a plane figure that is a locus of all points in the plane equidistant from a given
point, the center of the circle.

Common terms related to circle:

1. Arc – length of circle between to points on the circle
2. Tangent – a line touching the circle in one place.
3. Secant – a line cutting the circle in two places.
4. Diameter – longest chord of a circle that passes through center.
5. Radius – distance from center to the circle.
6. Chord – segment of a secant bounded by the circle
7. Circumference – the perimeter of a circle.
8. Radian – the measurement of an angle whose arc length is equal to the radius.
9. Sector – area bounded by two radii and the included arc.
10. Segment – area bounded by a chord and the arc subtending the chord.
 PLANE GEOMETRY
FORMULAS USED IN SOLVING A CIRCLE:
1. Area of Circle: 𝐴 = 𝜋𝑟 2 or 𝐴 = 𝜋𝐷 2 /4
where: r = radius, D=diameter
2. Circumference of a circle: 𝐂 = 2𝜋𝑟 or 𝐶 = 𝜋D
where: r = radius, D=diameter
𝟏 𝟏 Π𝑟²θ
3. Area of sector of a circle: 𝑨 = rc or 𝐴 = 𝟐 r2 θ , where: θ is in radian 𝐴 = , where: θ is in degrees
𝟐 360

where; c is length of arc c=rθ : θ is in radian

4. Area of segment of a circle: A= (Area of sector) – (Area of Triangle AOB)

5. Triangle circumscribed about a circle: A=√s(s-a)(s-b)(s-c) or A=rs

𝒂+𝒃+𝒄
𝐬= 𝟐

𝑎𝑏𝑐
5. Triangle inscribed in a circle: A=√s(s-a)(s-b)(s-c) or A= 4𝑟
𝒂+𝒃+𝒄
𝐬= 𝟐
 AREA OF A CIRCLE

The area of a circle is 6 times its circumference. What is its

radius?

A. 12 B. 11 C. 13 D. 10
 AREA OF A CIRCLE

What is the radius of a circle if its circumference is equal to

its area?
A.4 B. 3 C. 2 D. 1
 AREA OF A CIRCLE

In the figure shown, find the shaded area.

A.4pi B. 3pi C. 2pi D. pi
 AREA OF A CIRCLE

Given are two concentric circles with line segment AB=10

cm which is always tangent to the small circle. Find the area
of the shaded region (see figure).
A.50pi B. 25pi C. 45pi D. 30pi
 AREA OF A CIRCLE

Find the radius of a circle whose area is equal to the area of

the annulus formed by two consecutive circles with radii 5
and 13.
A.10 B. 11 C. 12 D. 13
ARC LENGTH OF A CIRCLE

Where: 𝜽 𝒊𝒏 𝒓𝒂𝒅𝒊𝒂𝒏
 ARC LENGTH OF A CIRCLE

Given a circle whose radius is 50 meters and an arc angle of

56°. Find the length of the arc.
A. 48.87 B. 49.55 C. 53.64 D. 55.45
 ARC LENGTH OF A CIRCLE

A railroad curve is to be laid out on a circle. What radius

should be used if the tract is to change direction by 25
degrees in a distance of 36m?
A. 82.51 B. 85.21 C. 81.52 D. 81.25
 THEOREMS ON CIRCLES

A road is tangent to a circular lake. Along this road and 3

km from the point of tangency, another road opens
towards the lake. The distance from this point of
intersection of the roads to the periphery of the lake
measured along this new road is 2 km. If this new road is
prolonged to cross the lake, what length of the bridge is
required?
A. 2 km B. 3 km C. 2.5 km D. 4.5 km
 THEOREMS ON CIRCLES

If AB is parallel to CD where CD is the diameter of the circle

as shown in the figure, find angle theta.

a. 10 b. 11
c. 12 d. 13
 THEOREMS ON CIRCLES

In the figure AB=BC. The value of theta is

a. 31 b. 33
c. 32 d. 34
 THEOREMS ON CIRCLES

Two chords PQ and RS of a circle meet when extended

through Q and S at a point T. If QP=7, TQ=9, TS=6, find SR.

a. 16 b. 18
c. 17 d. 19
 THEOREMS ON CIRCLES

PQ and RS are secants of a circle which when extended

beyond Q and S intersect at a point T outside the circle.
Given that arc PR=105 degrees and arc QS=67 degrees, find
angle QTS
a. 20 b. 18
c. 21 d. 19
 THEOREMS ON CIRCLES

Find the angle formed by the secant and tangent to a circle

if one intercepted arc is 30 degrees more than the other
and the secant passes through the center of the circle.
a. 15 b. 18
c. 16 d. 17
 THEOREMS ON CIRCLES

A quadrilateral ABCD is inscribed in a circle and its diagonal

AC is drawn so that angle DAC=34 degrees, angle CAB=38
degrees and angle DBA=65 degrees. Find arc AB.
a. 96 b. 86
c. 76 d. 66
 THEOREMS ON CIRCLES

PQRS is a quadrilateral that is inscribed in a circle if angle

SQR=28 and the angle between the side SP and the tangent
line through the point is 64, find angle PSR.
a. 86 b. 88
c. 87 d. 89
 THEOREMS ON CIRCLES

The lines TA and TB are tangents to a circle at points A and

B, respectively. If angle T=42 degrees and P is a point on the
major arc AB, find angle APB.
a. 69 b. 67
c. 68 d. 66
 THEOREMS ON CIRCLES

A secant and a tangent to a circle intersect an angle of 38

degrees. If the measures of the arc intercepted between
the secant and tangent are in the ration 2:1,find the
measure of the third arc.
a. 129 b. 130
c. 131 d. 132
 THEOREMS ON CIRCLES

.A circle with center at O has radius 4.5. A secant and a

tangent line are drawn from an external point P. The secant
passes through point O. The tangent segment has a length
of x+2, and the external segment of the secant has a length
of x. What is the length of the tangent segment?
A. A. 0.80 B. 1.80 C. 2.80 D. 4.80
 THEOREMS ON CIRCLES

In the figure, if arc AB=50 degrees, BC=80 degrees and arc

AD=90 degrees, find theta.
a. 85 b. 65
c. 95 d. 75
 ARC LENGTH OF A CIRCLE

What is the radius of a circle if the length of a 72-degree arc

is 4pi?
A. 11pi B. 10pi C. 9pi D. 8pi
 CENTRAL ANGLE OF A CIRCLE

What is the angle at the center of a circle if the subtending

chord is equal to two thirds of the radius?

A. 39.95 B. 38.94 C. 37.93 D. 36.92

AREA OF A SECTOR

𝟏
𝑨𝒓𝒆𝒂 = 𝒓𝒔
𝟐

Since S = rθ

𝟏 𝟐
𝑨𝒓𝒆𝒂 = 𝒓 𝜽
𝟐

𝜽
𝑨𝒓𝒆𝒂 = 𝝅𝒓𝟐
𝟑𝟔𝟎
 AREA OF A SECTOR

In a circle of radius 6, a sector has an area of 15 pi. What is

the length of the arc of the sector?
A. 3pi B. 4pi C. 5pi D. 6pi
 AREA OF A SECTOR

The area of the sector of a circle having a central angle of

60 degrees is 24pi. Find the perimeter of the sector.
A. 34.4 B. 35.5 C. 36.6 D. 37.7
 AREA OF A SECTOR

A circular sector has a radius of 6 cm and whose central

angle is 60 degrees. If it is bent to form a right circular cone,
the radius of the cone is

a. 1 cm b. 2 cm c. 3 cm d. 4 cm
 AREA OF A SECTOR

A goat is tied outside a triangular fenced garden at point A.

Sides of the fence are AB = 7 m, BC = 11 m, and CA = 13 m.
The length of the rope which the goat is tied is 15 m. Find
the area over which the goat can graze outside the fence.
 AREA OF A SECTOR

Three circles are externally tangent to each other. The

distances between the two centers of the three coplanar
circles are 22, 26 and 28 cm. What is the area of the
portion between the three circles?

A. 30.23 B. 23.30 C. 20.32 D. 24.28

AREA OF A SEGMENT

segment = sector - triangle

 AREA OF A SEGMENT

Find the area of a segment of a circle if the radius is 5 and

the central angle is 97⁰.

a. 7.98 b. 9.55
c. 8.75 d. 6.69
Ans. C
 AREA OF A SEGMENT

Find the area of the smaller segment of a circle bounded by

a chord 24 cm long and 9 cm away from the center.
a. 82.21 cm2 c. 100.64 cm2
b. 68.75 cm2 d. 124.63 cm2
 AREA OF A SEGMENT

Find the common area of two intersecting circles if their

radii are 12 and 18,respectively, and if their common chord
is 14 long.

a. 34.19 b. 35.29
c. 36.39 d. 37.49
 MISCELLANEOUS OF CIRCLES

Find the length of a chord which is 2 units from the center

of a circle of radius 6 units.

a. 6 2 b. 7 2 c. 8 2 d. 14 2
 MISCELLANEOUS OF CIRCLES

Two circles, each of radius 6 units, have their centers 8

units apart. Find the length of their common chord.

a. 2 5 b. 3 5 c. 4 5 d. 6 5
 MISCELLANEOUS OF CIRCLES

A bridge across a river is in the form of an arc of a circle. If

the span is 40ft and the midpoint of the arc is to be 8 ft
higher than the ends, what is the radius of the circle?

a. 27ft b. 28ft c. 29ft d. 30ft

 MISCELLANEOUS OF CIRCLES

Two tangent circles of radii 6 and 2 have a common

external tangent as shown in the figure. Find the length of
this external tangent.

a. 4 3 b. 5 3 c. 6 3 d. 7 3
 MISCELLANEOUS OF CIRCLES

Given a square ABCD as shown where E is the midpoint of

side AD and G is the midpoint of side BC. If arc DF has its
center at E and arc FB has its center at G, find the shaded
area.

a. 6 b. 8 c. 10 d. 12
 MISCELLANEOUS OF CIRCLES

A regular cross is inscribed in a circle shown. Find the

area(shaded) between the regular cross and the circle.

a. 43.44 b. 44.55 c. 45.66 d. 46.77

 MISCELLANEOUS OF CIRCLES

A regular cross is inscribed in a circle shown. Find the

area(shaded) between the regular cross and the circle.

a. 43.44 b. 44.55 c. 45.66 d. 46.77

 MISCELLANEOUS OF CIRCLES

A square is inscribed in a 90 degree sector of a circle of

radius 2 as shown. Find the area of the shaded region.

a. 1.214 b. 1.412 c. 1.124 d. 1.142

 MISCELLANEOUS OF CIRCLES

Assuming that the earth is a perfect sphere of radius 6,370

kilometers, a person at a point T on top of a tower 60
meters high looks at a point P on the surface of the earth.
What is the approximate distance of P from T?

a. 24.3 b. 25.4 c. 26.5 d. 27.6

 MISCELLANEOUS OF CIRCLES

If BC=2(AB), what fraction of the circle is shaded?

a. 1/4 b. 1/3 c. 1/2 d. 1/5

 MISCELLANEOUS OF CIRCLES

The minute hand of a large clock is 2in long. Find the

distance traveled by the tip of the minute hand in 5
minutes.

a. pi/4 b. pi/3 c. pi/2 d. pi/6