INTRODUCTION

GOOD MORNING EVERYON

A WARM WELCOME TO ONE AND ALL PRESENT HERE ON THIS SPECIAL DAY.WE
THE SECOND YEAR STUDENTS ARE HERE WITH A SMALL PRESENTATION.

JUST TO TRAVEL IS RATHER BORING, BUT TO TRAVEL WITH A PURPOSE OF

LEARNING IS EXCITING.

AS ONCE PROPHET MUHAMMED SAID”DON’T TELL ME HOW EDUCATED YOU

ARE, TELL ME HOW MUCH YOU TRAVELLED”

AS MENTIONED IN THE VTU, ARCHITECTURAL SCHOOL REQUIRES TO CONDUCT

2 STUDY TOURS BEFORE THE CLOSING OF 6 SEMESTER.

THIS STUDY TOUR OF ACADEMIC YEAR 2017-18 WE PLANNED TO HEAD

TOWARDS NORTH. DELHI, AGRA, SHIMLA AND CHANDIGARH AND THESE ARE
THE CITIES WERE WE FIND DIFFERENT ARCHITECTURAL STYLES WHICH WE ARE
LEARNING IN OUR ACADEMICS.

BY NOW YOU ALL WPOULD HAVE GOT AN IDEA ABOUT THE ARCHITECTURAL
FEATURES OF PLACES WE VISITED BY THE PRESENTATION OF THE 1ST YEARS AND
3RD YEARS.

NOW WE ARE HERE WITH SOME PROMINENT ARCHITECTURAL FEATURES OF

THE PLACES WE VISITED.

OVER THE DOMES

KING OF THE ROOFS-DOMES. AN ARCHITECTURAL ELEMENT THATB RESEMBLES
THE HOLLOW UPPER HALF OF THE SPHERE.

HUMAYUNS TOMB

PERSIAN DOUBLE DOME,WITH HIGH NECK DRUM TOPPED WITH BRASS FINIAL .
THE WHOLE DOME IS CONSTRUCTED USING WHITE MARBLE AND IS FLANKED
WITH CHHATTRIS AT ITS CORNERS.
TAJ MAHAL

THIS SPECTACULAR DOME IS MADE UP OF WHITE MARBLE AND IS ABOUT

35METERS. THIS IS AN ONION SHAPED DOME, THE TOP IS DECORATED WITH
LOTUS DESIGN AND TOPPED WITH BRONZE FINIAL. FLANKED BY FOUR SMALLER
DOMED CHHATTRIS AT ITS CORNERS.

JAMA MASJID

ONION SHAPED DOME MADE UP OF WHITE MARBLE THE TOP IS DECORATED

WITH LOTUS DESIGN AND TOPPED WITH BRONZE FINIAL.

RED FORT

SMALLER DOMED CHHATTRIS MADE OF RED SAND STONE AND TOPPED WITH
LOTUS DESIGN MADE OF WHITE MARBLE AND BRONZE FINIAL AT THE TOP.
THESE CHHATTRIS ARE SUPPORTED BY THE ARCHES.

FATHEPUR SIKRI

HEMISPHERICAL DOUBLE DOMED CHHATTRIS MADE OF RED SAND STONE

SUPPORTED BY COLUMNS AND BEAMS.

JAMA MASJID

FLANKED BY ONION DOMED CHHATTRIS AT ITS CORNERS MADE OF WHITE

MARBLE TOPPED WITH LOTUS DESIGN AND BRASS FINIAL AND THESE
CHHATTRIS ARE SUPPORTED BY THE ARCHES.

NIZAMMUDIN DARGAH

HEMISPHERICAL DOME FLANKED WITH 3 STEPPED FINIAL.

BELOW THE DOME

QUAWWAT-UL-ISLAM MOSQUE

FLORAL CARVINGS WITH CONCENTRIC RINGS. THE INFLUENCE OF JAIN AND

HINDU ARCHITECTURE IS PROMINENT IN THIS.
HUMAYUNS TOMB

THE DOME IS SURROUNDED BY ARCHES AND THE MUQARNAS ARE FOUND

ABOVE THE ARCHES.

FATHEPUR SIKRI

FLORAL CARVINGS WITH CONCENTRIC RINGS AND IT IS MADE OF RED SAND

STONE.

RED FORT

IT IS THE DOME OF THE ENTRANCE GATE IT HAS THE FLORAL PATTERN AND THE
MATERIAL USED HERE IS RED SAND STONE.

JAMA MASJID

PLAIN DOME MADE OF SAND STONE.

LOTUS TEMPLE

THE INNERMOST STAR FOUND HERE IS THE 9 POINTED STAR AND IT IS MADE OF
BRASS. THIS ACTS AS SKYLIGHTINGS AND IS MADE OF WHITE MARBLE.

PALIKA BAZZAR

FOUND AT THE CENTRE OF THIS UNDERGROUND MARKET, IT IS USED AT

SKYLIGHTINGS.

THROUGH THE ARCHES

ARCHES ARE IMPORTANT IN ISLAMIC ARCHITECTURE BECAUSE OF THEIR
SYMBOLIC SIGNIFICANCE AND HOIW THEY ALLOW BUILDERS TO CREATE MOST
THAT REFLECT THE IMPORTANCE OF PRECEPTS SUCH AS UNITY, BEAUTY AND
LIGHT IN THE MUSLIM FAITH.

QUAWWAT-UL-ISLAM MOSQUE

THE HAVE GOT THE OGGI SHAPED ARCH THESE ARE NOT TRUE ARCHES BUT
BUILT BY CORBELLING.
HUMAYUNS TOMB

A LARGE ARCH IS DIVIDED INTO 3 SMALLER ARCHES, AND IT IS OF DOUBLE

STORIED, THE EXTRIOR ARCH SHOWING NICHES ON 2 LEVELS.

TAJ MAHAL (DARWAZA-E-RAUZA)

HAVING A POINTED ARCH, THE CEILING IS VAULTED AND HAS MUQARNA

DESIGN; IT IS MADE UP OF RED SAND STONE HAVING GEOMETRICAL PATTERNS.

JAMA MASJID

IT IS MADE OF HIGH CUSPED ARCHES AND ITS SPANDREL IS ORNAMENTED WITH

FLORAL PATTERNS AND THE MATERIAL USED HERE IS RED SAND STONE.

RED FORT

A GROIN VAULT WITH ITS CEILING HAVING FLORAL CARVINGS THE MATERIAL
USED HERE IS RED SAND STONE.

DIWAN-E-KHAS

HAVING HIGH CUSPED ARCHES WHICH IS IN AISLES AND RISING FROM PIERS, IT
IS MADE OF SAND STONE.

DIWAN-E-AAM

SERIES OF CUSPED ARCHES SUPPORTED BY COLUMNS WITH INTRICATELY

CARVED COLUMN CAPITAL AND DROP PANEL, AND IT IS MADE OF WHITE
MARBLE.

RED FORT

POINTED ARCH WITH FLORAL DESIGNS AND MUQARNAS, IT IS MADE UP OF RED

SAND STONE.

FATHEPUR SIKRI

SERIES OF JACK ARCH MADE OF RED SAND STONE.

TAJ MAHAL (ENTRY GATE)

HAVING POINTED ARCH WITH DROPS THE SPANDREL IS ORNAMENTED WITH
FLORAL PATTERNS AND IT IS MADE OF RED SAND STONE.

FATHEPUR SIKRI

SIMPLE POINTED ARCH MADE UP OF RED SAND STONE.

QUTUB MINAR

SEGMENTED ARCH WITH DROPS, IT IS FOUND WITH INTRICATE CARVINGS OF

POINTED STARS AND FLORAL ORNAMENTATION, IT IS MADE OF SAND STONE

QUAWWAT-UL-ISLAM MOSQUE

CUSPED ARCH WITH INTRICATE CARVINGS IN THE BOTTOM AND SUPPORTED

WITH INTRICATELY CARVED COLUMNS, IT IS MADE OF RED SAND STONE.

CHRIST CHURCH,SHIMLA

A SIMPLE RCC POINTED ARCH FOUND AT THE ENTRANCE OF THE CHURCH.

RASHTRAPATHI NIVAS,SHIMLA

SIMPLE SEGMENTAL ARCH WITH KEY STONE. HAVING CARVINGS ABOVE THE
ARCH.

INDIA GATE

HAVING SEMI CIRCULAR WITH KEY STONE, HAVING IMPOST AND MADE UP OF
SAND STONE.

CONNAUGHT PLACE

SEMI CIRCULAR ARCH HAVING IMPOST AND VOUSSOIR.

ROCK GARDEN

SEGMENTED ARCH MADE OF RCC AND CLADDED WITH WASTE CERAMIC

MATERIALS.

LOTUS TEMPLE

A TRIANGULAR ENTRANCE ARCH MADE UP OF WHITE MARBLE.

THROUGH THE GATES
QUAWWAT-UL-ISLAM MOSQUE(PRAYER SCREEN)

SERIES OF 5 POINTED ARCH TOWARDS THE WEST SIDE WHICH SHOWS THE
DIRECTION OF KABA AND IT IS MADE OF SAND STONE.

QUAWWAT-UL-ISLAM MOSQUE

THE ENTRANCE OF THE MOSQUE, IT HAS INTRICATELY ARVED PILLARS WHICH

ARE HAVING THE HINDU AND JAIN MOTIFS. THIS COLUMN BEAM STRUCTURE IS
MADE OF SAND STONE.

HUMAYUNS TOMB

THE ENTRANCE WITH SERIES OF STAIRS WHICH LEADS TO THE ENTRANCE DOOR
OF THE TOMB, THIS POINTED ARCH ENTRANCE IS MADE OF RED SAND STONE
AND ORNAMENTED WITH GEOMETRIC PATTERNS WITH WHITE MARBLE.

RED FORT TYPICAL DOOR OF A ROOM

WOODEN DOOR FOUND IN AN ARCHED GATEWAY,THE SIDES ARE

ORNAMENTED WITH FLORAL DESIGNS.

TAJ MAHAL(COMPLEX)

POINTED ARCH MADE OF RED SAND STONE AND WHITE MARBLE, THE
SPANDRELS DECORATED WITH FLORAL PATTERNS.

ILTUTMISH TOMB

DOUBLE ARCHED MAIN ENTRANCE FOLLOWED BY SERIES OF ARCHES,

CALLIGRAPHIC INSCRIPTIONS OF VERSES FROM HOLY QURAN; IT IS MADE UP OF
RED SAND STONE AND INTRICATELY CARVED PILLARS.

TAJ MAHAL (DARWAZA-E-RAUZA)

THE MAIN ARCH IS SUBDIVIDED INTO 3 ARCHES OF 2 LEVELS, THE

RECTANGULAR SPACE AROUND THE ARCH IS FOUND WITH CALLIGRAPHIC
WRITINGS OF HOLY QURAN , SPANDREL IS ORNAMENTED WITH FLORAL
PATTERNS.
NIZAMMUDIN DARGAH

DOUBLE ARCHED GATEWAYS FOUND WITH CUSPED AND POINTED

ARCHES,MADE OF WHITRE MARBLE AND INTICATE CARVINGS OF FLORAL
PATTERNS.

INDIA GATE

MONUMENTAL ROAM ARCH WITH THIN CORNICES AND IS MADE UP OF SAND

STONE.

CONNAUGHT PLACE

ARCHED ENTRANCE GATEWAY MADE UP OF RCC.

RASHTRAPATHI NIVAS,SHIMLA

ARCHED DOORWAYS, THE DOORS ARE MADE UP OF WOOD AND GLASS THE
SEMI CIRCULAR SPACE ABOVE THE DOOR HAS THE FLORAL FORMAT.

HEAPING THE JALLIES

IT IS AN ISLAMIC ARCHITECTURAL ELEMENT USED FOR PARTITIONS, PROVIDE
PRIVACY, AND ALLOWS LIGHT AND VENTILATION.

TOMB OF SALIM CHISTI

HAVING GEOMETRIC PATTERNS AND THE SPANDREL HAVING THE FLORAL

PATTERN AND IT ENTIRELY MADE OF WHITE MARBLE.

NIZAMMUDIN DARGAH

JALLIES ARE CREATED IN THE ARCH, THE ARCH HAS 3 SEGMENTS, IT HAS
GEOMETRIC APTTERN AND IT IS MADE UP OF SAND STONE.

TAJ MAHAL

JALLIES ARE CREATED IN A CUSPED ARCH, IT HAS GEOMETRICAL PATTERNS

MADE UP OF WHITE MARBLE.

HUMAYUNS TOMB
ITS CREATED IN POINTED ARCH, IT HAS GEOMETRIC PATTERNS AND MADE UP
OF RED SAND STONE.

THROUGH THE CORRIDORS

QUAWWAT-UL-ISLAM MOSQUE

SERIES OF COLUMNS WITH INTRICATE CARVINGS , THE HINDU AND JAIN MOTIFS
ARE VERY PROMINENT IN THE COLUMNS, IT IS MADE UP OF SAND STONE.

CONNAUGHT PLACE

SERIES OF CIRCULAR COLUMN MADE UP OF RCC.

FATHEPUR SIKRI

SERIES OF JACK ARCHES, SUPPORTED WITH COLUMNS WITH COLUMN HEAD

AND DROPS, IT IS MADE OF RED SAND STONE.

LALITA KALA ACADEMY,SHIMLA

SERIES OF RCC GROIN VAULTS, AND CHANDELIERS HANGING FROM THE CENTRE
OF THE GROIN VAULT.

DIWAN-E-KHAS

SERIES OF CUSPED ARCHES MADE OF RED SAND STONE AND IT IS SUPPORTED

BY COLUMNS.

JAMA MASJID

SERIES OF CUSPED ARCHES MADE OF RED SAND STONE,INTRICATE CARVINGS,

SPANDREL ORNAMENTED WITH FLORAL PATTERNS.

SEEKING THE TEXTURES

FATHEPUR SIKRI

IT IS HIGHLY ORNAMENTED WITH GEOMETRICAL PATTERNS AND IT IS MADE OF

RED SAND STONE.
TAJ MAHAL

GEOMETRICAL PATTERNS FOUND ON THE FLOOR AROUND THE MOUSOLEUM,

IT IS MADE UP OF SANDSTONE AND WHITE MARBLE.

RED FORT

THE CEILING WITH MUQARNA DESIGN AND IT IS MADE UP OF WHITE MARBLE.

QUTUB MINAR

HAVING THE INSCRIPTIONS OF THE VERSES FROM THE HOLY QURAN ON EACH
BANDS AND IT MADE OF RED SAND STONE.

TAJ MAHAL

HAVING THE INSCRIPTIONS OF THE VERSES FROM THE HOLY QURAN AROUND
THE ARCH AND IT IS MADE UP OF WHITE MARBLE.

FATHEPUR SIKRI

ITS IN FRIEZES AND HAD FLORAL PATTERNS, GEOMETRICAL DESIGNS AND IT IS

MADE UP OF RED SAND STONE.

QUTUB MINAR

THE BASE IS IN FRIEZES HAVING GEOMETRICAL PATTERNS ABOVE THE BAND OF

GEOMETRIC PATTERN SATRTS THE VERSES OF QURAN.

FATHEPUR SIKRI

THESE WERE THE PERFORATTED WINDOWS WHICH IS CLOSED NOW IT IS

FOUND IN THE PALACE COMPLES OF FATHEPUR SIKRI IT HAS GEOMETRIC
PATTERNS AND IT IS MADE UP OF RED SAND STONE.

TAJ MAHAL(THE DOOR OF DIWAN-E-RAUZA)

THE MAIN GATEWAY MADE UP OF METALS HAVING GEOMETRICAL PATTERNS.

TAJ MAHAL(COMPLEX)

THE CEILING IS WITH MUQARNA DESIGN FOUND IN THE DOME OF THE DIWAN-
E-RAUZA AND IT IS MADE UP OF RED SAND STONE.
TAJ MAHAL(COMPLEX)

SHOWING THE SPANDREL OF WHITE MARBLE HAVING FLORAL DESIGN, ABOVE

THE SPANDREL THE RECTANGULAR SPACE HAVING THE INSCRIPTIONS OF HOLY
QURAN.

ROCK GARDEN

THE CERAMIC PIECES USED FOR ELECTRIC WORKS , THE WASTE PIECES ARE
REUSED HERE FOR CLADDING THE SURFACE.

THE WASTE PIECES OF CERAMIC TILES ARE REUSED BY CLADDING IT ON THE

SURFACES.

EARTHERN POT PIECES ARE REUSED HERE.

A COMPOSITION BY WASTE CERAMIC TILE PIECES.

COUNTING THE COLUMNS

FATHEPUR SIKRI

ITS HAVING THE SQAURE BASE, HEXAGONAL SHAFT,COLUMN HEAD FOUND

WITH DROPS AND IT IS MADE OF SAND STONE.

DIWAN-E-KHAS

ITS HAVING OCTAGONAL SHAFT,LOTUS CAPITAL AND ITS MADE OF SAND

STONE.

QUTUB MINAR

SERIES OF COLUMNS WITH INTRICATE CARVINGS , THE HINDU AND JAIN MOTIFS
ARE VERY PROMINENT IN THE COLUMNS, IT IS MADE UP OF SAND STONE.

RASHTRAPATHI NIVAS,SHIMLA

THE ENTRANCE AREA IS MADE BY COLUMNS AND ARCHES.

CONNAUGHT PLACE
SERIES OF CIRCULAR COLUMN MADE UP OF RCC.

FACE THE FAÇADE

NIZAMMUDIN DARGAH

THE RECTANGULAR SPACE HAVING THE INSCRIPTIONS OF HOLY QURAN AND IT

IS MADE OF RED SAND STONE. THE SPACE ABOVE THE ENTRANCE DOOR IS
FOUND WITH JALLIES FOR DISFUSSED LIGHT.

HIGH COURT COMPLEX,CHANDIGARH

RCC STRUCTURE FOUND IN 2 MAIN DIVISIONS, THE UPPER PART HAVE SERIES
OF VAULTED STRUCTURE FOR GOOD AIR CIRCULATION, AND THE LOWER PART
HAS SUNSHADES TO KEEP THE WHOLE BUILDING COOL.

RED FORT,BRITISH COMPLEX

THE FAÇADE IS DIVIDED IN 2 LEVELS BOTH THE UPPER AND LOWER PARTS HAVE
A SERIES OF SEMICIRCULAR ARCHES WITH KEY STONES AND IMPOST.

DIWAN-E-KHAS

SERIES OF CUSPED ARCHES SUPPORTED BY COLUMNS AND IT IS MADE OF RED

SAND STONE.

RED FORT

THIS FAÇADE CONSISTS OF ENTRANCE GATE WHICH IS ACCESSED BY ANSERIES

OF STAIRS, THE GATE CONSISTS OF ARCHES , SPANDRELS ANF CHHATTRIS.

THANK YOU