Universitatea „Babeș Bolyai”- Facultatea de drept

Anul 1, ID
Horvat Andrea-Gabriela

The Legal profession in UK, US and RO

Law, in its essence, is a vast field of education and knowledge. Law is also a
power that governs a nation.
This domain has developed numeros careers and proffesions, which differs from
country to country.

In this essay, we will see the differences regarding the legal profession in Unite
Kingdom, United States and Romania.

Starting with the United Kingdom, it has a parliamentary system of governance,

this institution has two separate Houses: the House of Common and the House
of Lords. The head of state here is the monarchy.

On the other hand, United States has a representative system of a federal

Government. The head of state is the President, who is elected by the people
indirectly through a system known as the electoral college. The US Government
has three branches: the executive include the President, the legislative known as
Congress, and the judicial branches.

The form of government of the Romanian state is republic. The state is

organized according to the principle of separation and balance of powers:
legislative, executive and judicial, within a constitutional Democracy. The head
of state is the President.

The legal profession in England and Wales is split up into two main categories
to reflect the two broadly different roles within the legal system.
Barristers are members of the Bar Council of England and Wales and have
rights of audience in court. They are governed by the Bar Standards Board.
Every barrister also has to be a member of an Inn of Court. The four Inns are
Inner Temple, Lincoln’s Inn, Middle Temple and Grays Inn.

Solicitors are members of the Law Society, they do not generally have rights of
audience in court but there are some exceptions, they generally do the legal
research and can represent their clients in legal negotiations but then pass the
case over to a barrister if it is necessary to take action in court. There are also
more law careers, such as: legal executive, licensed conveyancers, patent
attorneys, Trade mark attorneys, Costs lawyers, notaries, Chartered accountants.

In US, the legal profession is forme by dual court system consisting of State and
Federal courts. The systems and functions of the state and federal courts roughly
mirror each other. The state courts system serves both trial and appellate
functions and in turn, the federal court system serves these purposes at the
federal level. The Federal Courts may be divided into Article III courts, and
non-Article III courts. United States District Courts are trial courts of original
jurisdiction for federal cases with mandatory appellant jurisdiction A criminal
case that goes to trial may end up using trial, appellant and supreme courts. This
basic structure and sequence is the same in both state and federal courts. There
is one category of lawyer in the United States, With minor exceptions, all states
require the completion of a test, known as the „bar exam,” to obtain a licence to
practice law. To be eligible to sit for the bar exam, candidates must graduate
from an accredited law school in the US.

In Romania, there are three big legal professions. În the first place, there is The
judge hears all the witnesses, analyzes all the evidence presented by the parties
to the case, and then pronounces a decision to settle the case, based on the
interpretation of the legislation and his own personal assessment. Then, the
prosecutor, wich oversees the fair application of the law and represents the
interests of the state in a lawsuit. For both professions a law school is needed,
and the courses of the National Institute of Magistracy. Other legal professions
in RO, are: lawyers, notaries, bailiff, judicial adviser, they must have studied
law, be able to provide legal advice and / or receive ongoing training

Bibliography:
1. Suport curs ID Partea 2- Livia Otilia Bradea
2. www.cambridge.org
3. www.practicallaw.com
4. www.ox.libguides.com