CHAPTER 4: SETTING AND REACHING GOALS.

Good afternoon everybody! Have a nice day! We are group 5. As you all know,
today I am going to talk to you about Chapter 4: Setting and Reaching Goals.
My presentation is divided into 7 parts. Let’s get started!
A fundamental way to make good use of your time in college is to prepare
an efficient plan for achieving your goals. Your goals are the accomplishments
you work toward or strive for; they are the things you want enough to spend
your time, effort and money to achieve them. This chapter is designed to give
you insight into three types of goals and tips for setting and reaching goals.
1/ Now let’s turn to the first part of my talk which is about 4.1.
Types of goals.
- (ask): Everybody, take a look at this and tell me how many types of
goals are there.
 There are three basic types of goals: Primary, Intermediate and
Current.
 Firstly, Primary Goals. A primary goal is something that you hope
to achieve in the future.
- (ask): Who can give me a few examples of Primary Goals.
 Following are examples of primary goals some students have for
their education:
 To earn a college degree
 To achieve IELTS 8.0
 To prepare for a specific profession
 Primary goals are of special importance because they are used as a
guide in establishing intermediate and current goals.
 Next is Intermediate Goals. An intermediate goal is a goal that
helps in accomplishing a primary goal.
- (ask): Who can give me a few examples of Intermediate Goals
Examples:
 To successfully complete a college course is an intermediate goal
that helps in attaining the primary goal of earning a college degree.
 To practise listening, speaking, reading and writing skills everyday
helps achieve the primary goal of receiving 8.0 IELTS.
 The final content of this section is Current Goals. A currents goal is
a goal that leads to accomplishing an intermediate goal.
 To earn a good grade on a test you will take next week is a current
goal that helps in attaining the intermediate goal of successfully
completing a course you are taking.
 As you come close to achieving primary goals, they usually
become intermediate goals. For instance, as you draw near to your
 primary goal of graduating from college, you may set a new
primary goal, such as to have a well-paying job or to be admitted to
a graduate school. In so doing, your primary goal of graduating
from college becomes an intermediate goal that helps you in
attaining your primary goal.
Examples of Goals:
Current Goals
Start smoking later in the day.
Smoke only ten cigarettes daily.
Smoke only half of each cigarette.
Drink water rather than smoke.
Chew gum rather than smoke.

Intermediate Goal
Become a nonsmoker

Primary Goal
Live a healthy lifestyle.

2/ So now we come to the next point, which is 4.2.Steps for achieving goals.
 To achieve our desired goal, we need to have a clear plan, execute
each step of the plan.
- (ask): Can you tell me how many steps and content are there?
 There are 6 steps and the content of each step is
 1. Write primary goals: You should place them somewhere
you can see them.
 2. Make an effective plan for achieving primary goals:
Your action plan should include the overall you’re trying to
meet and all the steps you need to take to get there.
 3. Set a deadline: Schedule the exact times you will
accomplish your current goals. A timeline creates a sense of
urgency, which in turn motivates you to stay on schedule
and finish your goal.
 4. Do your best to achieve goals: Do not be discouraged by
obstacles because roadblocks aren’t failures when one door
closes another open.
  5. Reward yourself: Monitor and assess your progress in
achieving your goals. Look back over your accomplishments
and enjoy the satisfaction that success brings. This will train
the subconscious mind to focus on activities that produce
successful results.
 6. Revise your intermediate and current goals when
necessary: This step is in the final part of Chapter 4 but is
no less important. Please follow my team's presentation to
that part!
3/ This leads me to my next point of how to write down SMART goals.
 There are normally 2 situation:
 1. People without goals are not as successful as they hope to
be.
 2. People who don’t write down goals are less likely to
accomplish them.
 So should we set a goal or not?
 Have you ever set a goal at the beginning of the day and then never
go back and look at them.
 1 reason why goals failed: Don’t know the S.M.A.R.T goal system.
 S stands for Specific, Significant
! Watch out: Don’t set a goal with the result.
If do you this: One day I’m going to the moon. It’s wrong
because it’s a wish not a goal.
A better example would be:
 In the next 5 years I would have studied enough Physics and
Chemistry.
 Workout 4 times/week, 3 hours/day, on Monday, Tuesay,
Saturday and Sunday.
 Got a job as an astronaut.
In this case, put your feet on the moon is Specific. The less
specific a goal, the more difficult you do.
 M stands for Measurable, Motivation, Meaningful
 Smart goals should be measurable in that you can track and
quantify the goal progress.
Example: If your goal is simply to be a good student. How
will you know when you achieve this goal. You need to define what you want to
achieve. A average or B average?
  Basically, you have to break the big target into other smaller.
 A stands for Achievable, Attainable, Acceptable.
 It’s mean designing your goal to be achievable set you up for
success.
EX: In last year has a trend on TikTok: When I was 18, I
wasted my parent 10 billion, after 2 years I can get 1 billion
every month.So does it acceptable? Absolutely not.
 A much more achievable goal would be being a millionaire
in the next 10 years working hard. When you achieve this
you can then go step by step pursue your goal.
 R stands for Relevant, Realistic, Rewarding, Result .
 Mean the goal must be fit well with your life by asking the
following question:
- Do you have the abilities
- Do you have enough time
- Do you willing to pay the price
 Back to the first exam: it is hard but it is not impossible to
become an astronaut if you are clever, patient, strong well
enough.
 T stands for Time-bound
 Imagine if you have homework and do not have a deadline
are you sure you do it right now?
 Therefore, when you have a deadline your sense of urgency
increases and you’re motivated to achieve your goals.
DON’T FORGET TO KEEP A LIST OF YOUR GOALS IN PLACE SO
YOU CAN READ THEM FROM TIME TO TIME.
4/ In the next section we will learn about 4.4. Planning intermediate and
current goals – Setting time for current goals.
 A primary goal is achieved by using an effective plan that is
expressed in appropriate intermediate and current goals.
 Do you know the skills to plan intermediate and current goals? If
the answer is ‘‘ No ’’, then planning your goals and taking real
action won't work.
 For us now, the primary goal is to earn a college degree,
intermediate goals invariably include satisfactorily completing all
courses that lead to the degree.
 Ex: Following is a list of the current goals a student prepared at the
beginning of a term to help in earning a grade of at least B in a
psychology course:
 I will read required material before each class.
 I will attend all classes and take good notes.
 I will review and revise notes immediately after class.
 I will do library research for the term paper.
 Use the recommendations from Chapter 6 to schedule the exact time
at which we'll read our major textbooks, modify your classroom
notes, and memorize the knowledge to prepare for your semester test.
5/ Here’s what’s most important about this for you. It’s about 4.5
Doing your best to achieve goals.
 Why do you do your best to achieve goals?
 Entering the University, if you want to have better performance,
self-taught is very necessary. The path to a goal isn’t easy to go, if
you are not prepared for hindrances well, you will be discouraged
by them. So, on the road to success, doing your best is very
important.
 About the solution:
 Hard-working, have an enquiring mind, pay attention in
lessons, have logical timetable to study and relax, and the
most important is optimistic spirit.
 Achievement:
 More self-confidence and knowledge.
 Practice your persistence.
 Accumulate experience to go over obstacles.
6/ The following is an equally important piece of content before we
get to the final part of Chapter 4. It’s 4.6 Monitoring and assessing your
progress.
 Let's learn about the definition of Monitoring and Assessing. How
do you understand progress monitoring and progress assessment?
 Definitions of Monitoring and Assessing.
1. Monitoring progress: is simply the process of checking what
has been done or result in line with plans and purposes.
 Students monitor their activities and progress and result
to ensure that they are operating in line with their plans
and to ensure they are delivering the outcomes in the
right manner.
 2. Assessing progress: is an assessment or judgment made by
comparing what actually happened with what was intended.
Assessments of judgments made are based on the analysis of
information.
 The assessing and judging of the progress of learning
work a student. Its main purpose is to help them reflect
on what they are trying to achieve, assess how far they
are successful, and identify required changes.
 Monitoring and assessing your progress.
- Students should write specific and measurable goals, it will be easy
for them to monitor and assess the progress.
- Some examples:
1. I will have all assignments completed on time.
2. I will schedule a time to study for all tests.
3. I will participate in all class discussions.
4. I will balance between study and work.
5. Etc
 Continually monitor your current goals to assess whether
you are accomplishing them. Also, monitor your
intermediate goals.
 After students had assessed their progress, They could
take timely measures to raise the grade, which led to
ways to improve and develop learning, to assess the
suitability and quality of methods used.
7/ Revising goals when necessar:
 Sometimes your actions to achieve a goal don't work very well,
look to your teacher for suggestions for textbook research, look for
new research methods that will help us move forward. closer to the
main goal and achieve it easily.
Ex: A student realizes that he has not achieved his goals because of the use of
ineffective methods in studying course textbooks. He developed a strategy for
improvement that he expressed in the following revised current goals.
1. I will make complete notes about things to learn in my history
textbook (rather than try to learn the information by reading and
rereading the textbook).
2. I will spend twelve hours (rather than eight hours) reviewing for
the next test.
3. When I review for my next history test, I will emphasize
learning the things the teacher states are important to learn
(rather than only the things that interest me most).
 However, in pursuing a goal you may sometimes find that you
were too optimistic about what you could achieve. For instance, in
working for a grade of B in a chemistry course, a student found
that despite her best efforts she was unable to earn a test grade
higher than C +. Because she did not want to delay her progress by
dropping the course and taking it later, she revised her goal to bring
it in line with the C grade that she could realistically earn.

Well, I’ve covered the points that I needed to present

today. I’d like to thank you for taking time out to listen
to my presentation. And now if there are any questions, I
would be pleased to answer them.