ish¨u ysñlï weúßKs'

wdvïnrldr ridhk úoHd .=rejrhd - ;ñr fyar;a chisxy wdvïnrldr ridhk úoHd .=rejrhd - ;ñr fyar;a chisxy wdvïnrldr ridhk úoHd .=rejrhd - ;ñr fyar;a chisxy
wdvïnrldr ridhk úoHd .=rejrhd - ;ñr fyar;a chisxy wdvïnrldr ridhk úoHd .=rejrhd - ;ñr fyar;a chisxy wdvïnrldr ridhk úoHd .=rejrhd - ;ñr fyar;a chisxy
wdvïnrldr ridhk úoHd .=rejrhd - ;ñr fyar;a chisxy wdvïnrldr ridhk úoHd .=rejrhd - ;ñr fyar;a chisxy wdvïnrldr ridhk úoHd .=rejrhd - ;ñr fyar;a chisxy
wdvïnrldr ridhk úoHd .=rejrhd - ;ñr fyar;a chisxy wdvïnrldr ridhk úoHd .=rejrhd - ;ñr fyar;a chisxy wdvïnrldr ridhk úoHd .=rejrhd - ;ñr fyar;a chisxy
wdvïnrldr ridhk úoHd .=rejrhd - ;ñr fyar;a chisxy wdvïnrldr ridhk úoHd .=rejrhd - ;ñr fyar;a chisxy wdvïnrldr ridhk úoHd .=rejrhd - ;ñr fyar;a chisxy
wdvïnrldr ridhk úoHd .=rejrhd - ;ñr fyar;a chisxy wdvïnrldr ridhk úoHd .=rejrhd - ;ñr fyar;a chisxy wdvïnrldr ridhk úoHd .=rejrhd - ;ñr fyar;a chisxy
wdvïnrldr ridhk úoHd .=rejrhd - ;ñr fyar;a chisxy wdvïnrldr ridhk úoHd .=rejrhd - ;ñr fyar;a chisxy wdvïnrldr ridhk úoHd .=rejrhd - ;ñr fyar;a chisxy

wOHdmk fmdÿ iy;sl m;% ^Wiia fm<& 2021

General Certificate of Education (Adv. Level) Examination 2021

m%Yk
a m;% wxl 24
Paper No 24
[02] [S] [II] ld,h meh 3
Three Hours

i¾j;% jdhq ksh;h R = 8.314 JK-1 mol-1

wej.dâfrda ksh;h NA = 6.022 X 1023 mol-1
ma,dkalaf.a ksh;h = 6.626 X 10-34 JS
wdf,dalfha m%fõ.h = 3 X 108 ms-1 Thamira Herathjayasinghe
(B.Sc (Chem) U.O.C., Chem 1)

Wmfoia (
 A fldgi - jHqy.; rpkd
 ish¨ u m%Yk
a j,g fuu m;%fha u ms<s;=re imhkak'
 Tfí ms<s;=re tla tla m%Yk
a hg bv i,id we;s ;ekaj, ,súh hq;= fõ' fï bv m%udKh ms<s;=re ,sùug m%udKj;a nj
o §¾> ms<s;=re n,dfmdfrd;a;= fkdjk nj o i,lkak'
 ms<s;=re iemhSfï§ we,alhs,a ldKav ixlaIsma; wdldrhlska ksrEmKh l, yelsh'
H H
WodyrK ( H – C – C – ldKavh CH3 CH2 – f,i ±laúh yel'

H H
 B fldgi iy C fldgi - rpkd
 Tn úiska f;dard.kakd ,o m%Yk
a y;rlg ms,s;=re imhkak' fï i|yd Tn úiska lvodis imhd .; hq;=hs'
 a m;%hg kshñ; ld,h wjika jQ miq A , B iy C fldgiaj,g ms<s;=re" A fldgi uq,ska ;sfnk mßÈ
iïmQ¾K m%Yk
tla ms<s;=re m;%hla jk fia wuqKd úNd. Yd,dêm;sg Ndrfokak'

ku (- ……………………………………………… wxlh (- ………………………………..

mdi, (-…………………………………………… k.rh (- ……………………………….

Èkh (- ……/……/…………

mÍlaIlf.a m%fhdackh i|yd muKs

fldgi m%Yk
a wxlh ,enQ ,l=Kq
1
wjidk ,l=Kq
2
A b,lalfuka
3
wl=ßka
4
5
B 6
7 ixfla; wxl
8 W;a;r m;% mÍlaIl
C
9 mÍlaId lf,a 1.
tl;=j 2.
m%;sY;h wëlaIKh

Che.=rd 1 Thamira Herathjayasinghe

 A fldgi - jHqy.; rpkd
m%YK
a 4g u fuu m;%fha u ms<s;=re imhkak'

a) keu;s WodiSk wkqj ioyd jk my; iels,,

a i,lkak

Z 1 X2 Y
Z Y
X1 yd X2 j, uqyï
q lrKh yd bf,lafg%dak cHdñ;sh yd yevh my; mrsos fõ

uqyï
q lrKh bf,lafg%dak cHdñ;sh Yevh
X1 SP3 p;=ia;,Sh ;%s wdk;s msrñvdldr
X2 SP2 ;,Sh ;s%fldaKdldr ;,Sh ;s%fldaKdldr

Z hkq yhsvscka jk w;r X yd Y pf.dkqjg wh;a tlu wdj¾;fha uQ,øjH folls. Z yd Y tlsfkl
m%;sl%shd lr idok ixfhda.h ldur WIaK;ajfha oS øjhls.

I. X yd Y y÷kd.kak.

II. P ys jvd;a ms<s.; yels ¨úia jHqyh w|skak.

III. P ys b;srs iïm%hqla; jHqy w|skak tAjdfha ia:dhS;djh fya;= iys;j olajkak.

IV. wdikak nkaOk fldaK olajñka P ys yevh weo olajkak.

V. X2 yd Y w;r σ nkaOk iEoSug tla tla mrudKqj u.ska iyNd.S ù we;s mrudKql$uqyqï ldlaIsl

olajkak.

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

…..………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

Che.=rd 2 Thamira Herathjayasinghe

 b) my; tajdfha cd, iajrEm;a" m%d:ñl iy oaú;shsl wka;¾ l%shd;a ,shd olajkak' wka;¾ l%shd ke;s kï
u.ska olajkak

kema;,ska (s) SiO2 (s) H2O (s) ñksrka Na (s)

c) § we;s m%fNao jryka ;=< we;s .=Kh wdfrdayKh jk ms<sfj,g ilikak'

i) SF2 , SF4 , SF6 nkaOk È.

ii) Cr , Mn , V , Fe , Na (øjdxl

iii) CaCO3 , BaCO3 , Na2CO3 , KCl , Ca(HCO3)2 (;dm ia:dhS;djh)

iv) NO2, NO , NO3 , NH3 (we`Èh yels iïm%hqla; jHqy ixLHdj)

2)
a) Y kï S f.dkqjg wh;a f,dayfha " ,jK 3 la jQ A , B iy C" c,h iu. b;d fyd|ska m%;sl%shd lr P , Q , R
kï jdhq 3 la ms<sfj,ska msglrk w;r" wjia:d ;=fka§u X keue;s wdú,H;djhla iys; ødjKhla ,efí' P
jdhqj oykfhka ,efnk oyk M, " X ødjKfhka heùfï§ tys lsß meyeh jeä fõ' P iy Q W;afm%arl
yuqfõ m%;sl%shdfjka Z kï c, wødjH" m%;sl%shdYS,;
S ajh wvq ,dlaIKsl >kaOhla iys; jdhqjla ksmojhs' fuu
m%;sl%shdfõ§ P : Q iafgdahslsfhdañ;sh 1 : 2 ls' R lgql >kaOhla iys; jdhqjla jk w;r c,fha fyd|ska Èh
fõ' tfukau r;= ,sÜuia ks,a meyehg yrjkq ,fí' Q jdhqj oykfhka ldur WIAK;ajfha øjhla jQ T
muKla idohs'
i. Y y÷kdf.k mykais¿ mÍlaIdfõ§ Y ys ,jK fmkajk j¾Kh fokak'

ii. A , B , C , P , Q , R , X , Z iy T y÷kd.kak'

Che.=rd 3 Thamira Herathjayasinghe

 iii. A , B , C ,jK c,fha Èhùug ;=,;
s m%;sl%shdj ,shd olajkak'

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

b) Fe3O4. x H2O(s) ic, ixfhda.fha 3.432g l ksheoshla idkaø H2SO4 jeäuk;a m%udKhl iïmq¾Kfhka u
ødjKh lr 250.00 cm3 ødjKhla ms<sfh, lr.kakd ,§. fuu ødjKfhka 25.00 cm3 ne`.ska wkqudmk
ma,dial= ;=klg f.k ixY=oaO H3PO4 øjfhka ìxÿ lsym s hla oud 0.010 KMnO4 ødjKhlA iu`.
wkqudmkh lsÍfï§ ,ndÿka wkqudmk mdGdxl 25.80 cm3 , 23.95 cm3, 24.05 cm3 úh. ( Fe = 56, O = 16, H = 1)

I. Fe3O4. x H2O(s) iy idkaø H2SO4 iu`. isÿjk m%;sl%shdj i`oyd ;=,;

s ridhksl iólrKh ,shkak .

II. wkqudmk ma,dial=j ;=< isÿjkakdjq TlaislrK - TlaisyrK m%;sl%shdj i`oyd ;=,s; whksl iólrKh
,shkak.

III. fuu wkqudmkfha§ ixY=oaO H3PO4 øjfhka ìxÿ lsysmhla tl;= lrkafka ukao?

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

………………

IV. by; wkqudmkfha§ ñkqï ;=kla .ekSfï jeo.;alu l=ulao?

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……

V. ic, ixfhda.fha x ys w.h .Kkh lrkak.

c) 15 jk ldKavfha uQ,øjH j, laf,darhsv w;ßka c,h iu`. m%;Hdj¾; c, úÉfPaok fmkajk m%;sl%shd ish,a,
,shd olajkak'

Che.=rd 4 Thamira Herathjayasinghe

 3)
a) 2A(g) + B(g) 2D(g) hk iu;=,;
s h i,lkAk. iu;=,;
s moaO;sfha PA = PD jk w;r wdrïNl moaO;sfha A yd B
iu ujq, m%udK ñY% lr iu;=,; s ùug bv yer we;. moaO;sh ;=, iu;=,s; úg uq¨ mSvkh 7 105 Pa fõ.
È.ska È.gu WIaK;ajh ksh;j mej;S we;.

I. wdrïNfha tlal, A iy B j, wdxYsl mSvk fidhkak.

II. s hg Kp fidhkak.
iu;=,;

III. WIaK;ajh 400K kï Kc .Kkh lrkak.

IV. s moaO;sfha WIaK;ajh 800K olajd tljr f.k.sh úg, mSvkho laIKslj fo.=K ù miqj hï
iu;=,;
w.hla olajd wvq ù ksh; úh. tu ksh; mSvkh 1.3 106 Pa fõ.

a. s moaO;sfha tla tla jdhqfõ wdxYsl mSvkh fidhkak.

kj iu;=,;

Che.=rd 5 Thamira Herathjayasinghe

 b. kj WIaK;ajhg Kp fidhkak.

c. s fha bÈß m%;sl%shdj ;dm odhlo, wjfYdaIl o hkak olajkak.

iu;=,;

b)
I. hkq wdkqNúl iQ;%h jk tal NdIañl ÿn, ldfndlais,sla wï,hls 500 00 lg
wvx.= ø%djKhlska iuÕ wkqudmkh l< úg jeh jQ mßudj o
tu wjia:djg wod< ma,dial=j ;=< w.hka o my; jïmi j.=fõ olajd we; mßudjg
tfrysj wod< w.hka o< jYfhka ol=Kqmi m%ia;dr .; lrkak.

pH
(i)
0.1 moldm-3
12
NaOH pH
mßudj/cm3 11
0.00 3.00 10
10.00 4.20
25.00 4.75 9
40.00 5.33
49.00 6.50 8
49.90 7.50
50.00 8.75 7
50.10 10.00
51.00 11.00 6
60.00 12.0
5

4
4
3

0 VNaOH/ cm3
0 10 20 30 40 50 60

Che.=rd 6 Thamira Herathjayasinghe

 II. by; wkqudmkh i`oyd my; § we;s o¾Yl w;=ßka Tn f;dard .kakd jvd;au iqÿiq o¾Ylh l=ulao ?

o¾Ylh j¾K úm¾hdih pH mrdih

A 5.2 - 6.8
B 6.1 - 7.5
C 7.5 - 8.8

III. X keue;s ldfndlais,l

s a wï,fha wKql iQ;%h fidhkak'

IV. X ys jHqyh my; w`Èkak'

V. X ys ú>gk ksh;h (Ka) fidhkak'

VI. NaOH 25cm3 muK ±uq ødjKhg m%N, wï,hlska iaj,amhla ±uq úg isÿjk pH úm¾hdih .=Kd;aulj
meyeÈ,s lrkak'

Che.=rd 7 Thamira Herathjayasinghe

 4)

a)
I. X, Y yd Z hkq tlsfklg cHdñ;sl iudjhúl fkdjk wKql iQ;%hg wod< ir, odu ixfhda. ;=kls. bka
Y mdr;%sudK iudjhúl;djh fmkajhs. Y yd Z W;afm%aß; yhsv%ckSlrKh l< úg tl u ixfhda.h W ,efí.
X, Y, Z yd W ys jHqy my; fldgq ;=, w`oskak.

X Y Z W

II. by; X, HBr wdl,kh l,úg ,efnk m%Odk M,fha yd iq`: M,fha jHqy ms<sfj,ska R yd S fldgq ;=< w`Èkak.

R – m%Odk M,h S – iq`: M,h

III. by; m%Odk M,h ,eîug wod, hdka;%Kh ,shkak.

IV. R fldgqj ;=, we`È jHqyh m%Odk M,h jkafka uka±hs meyeÈ,s lrkak .
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

b) wxl 1 isg 5 f;la we;s tla tla m%;sl%shdfj ys m%;sl%shlh iy m%;sldrlh my; j.=fjys § we;' tu tla tla
m%;sl%shdj i`oyd m%;sl%shd j¾.h kshqla,sfhda*s,sl wdl,k - AN , kshqla,sfhda*s,l
s wdfoaY - SN , bf,lafg%da*s,l
s
wdl,k - AE , bf,lafg%da*s,l s wdfoaY - SE yd bj;a ùu - E f,i iy m%Odk M,h wod, fldgqj ;=< ,shkak'

m%;sl%shd wxlh m%;sl%shlh m%;sldrlh m%Odk M,h m%;sl%shd j¾.h

1 CH3CH=CH2 Br2/CCl4

2 idkaø HNO3
COOH idkaø H2SO4

Che.=rd 8 Thamira Herathjayasinghe

 3 CH3CHO NO2

NO2 NHNH2

4 NaOH
OH
𝑁 + 𝐶𝑙

c) my; j.=fõ we;s ixfhda. Ndú;d lrñka § we;s ixfhda.h ixiaf,aIKhg wod, mshjr iïmQ¾K lrkak'
 fuys§ jD;a; ;=< m%;sl%shl o fldgq ;=< ksmojk ixfhda.o wvx.= úh hq;=h'
 wjYH ia:dk j,§ WIaK;aj i`oyka l< hq;=h'
m%;sl%shl
fnkaiSka, Fe l=vq , B;¾ , ks¾c,Sh , , idkaø HCl , idkaø DCl , , , Mg ,
HCl (aq) ,

𝐶𝐻 𝐶𝐻 𝐶𝐻

Cl

Che.=rd 9 Thamira Herathjayasinghe

 B fldgi - rpkd
m%YK
a folla muKla f;dardf.k ms<s;=re imhkak'

5)
a) f¾pkh lrk ,o mßudj 500 cm3 la jQ oDV Ndckhlg § AB(g) yd O2 (g) 4 : 1 ujq, wkqmd;fhka
s ;;ajhg m;aùug bv ;nk ,§' .;sl iu;=,s; wjia:dfõ § A2 (g) idkaøKh 0.4 mol
tlalr .;sl iu;=,;

dm-3 jQ w;r ujq, .Kk wkqj m%;sY;h 20% úh'

4 AB (g) + O2 (g) 2 A2 (g) + 2 B2O (g)

I. s h i`oyd kP yd kC w;r iïnkaO;dj jHq;amkak lrkak'

by; iu;=,;
II. wdrïNfha moaO;shg tla lrk ,o AB(g) yd O2 (g) ujq, .Kk fldmuK o@
III. .;sl iu;=,s; úg § moaO;sh ;=< we;s tla tla ix>gl j, idkaøKh fidhkak'
IV. s h i`oyd kC yd kP .Kkh lrkak'
by; iu;=,;
V. by; moaO;sfha WIaK;ajh tljr 1000K olajd kxjk ,§' túg AB jehjk iS>%;djh;a miq m%;sl%shdj
i`oyd A2 jehjk iS>%;djh;a tlsfklg iudk nj fidhd .kakd ,§'
i. bÈß m%;sl%shdjg wod, ys ,l=Kq wfmdaykh lrkak'
ii. by; WIaK;aj fjki isÿ lsÍfuka miq
A : iu;=,;
s ;d ,laIHhg
B : iu;=,;
s ;d ksh;hg isÿjk n,mEu i`oyka lrkak'

VI. moaO;sh m<uq iu;=,s; wjia:dfõ isg WIaK;ajh 1000K njg m;a lsÍfuka miq we;slr.;a fojk
iu;=,;s wjia:dj olajd AB jehùfï iS>%;djh;a A2 jehùfï iS>%;djh;a úp,kh jk wdldrh tlu
m%ia:drhl we`o olajkak'

b)
i. “ iïu; WodiSklrK tka;e,amhs “ hkak w¾: olajkak'
ii. ldnfkag iy nhsldnfkag ødjK my; wdldrhg c,Sh wï, iu. m%;sl%shd lrhs'

+
1 m%;sl%shdj
+
2 m%;sl%shdj

a) iïu; ;;a;aj hgf;a ødjKhlska okakd mßudjla tu idkaøKhu we;s HCl

ødjKhla iu. ñY% lsÍfuka by; 2 m%;sl%shdfõ iïu; tka;e,ams úm¾hdih ks¾Kh l< yel' tys§
,o mdGdxl lsysmhla fufiah'
Ndú;d l< ødjK mßudj
Ndú;d l< HCl ødjK mßudj
WIaK;aj fjki = -0.5
fï o;a; Ndú;d lr by; 2 m%;sl%shdõ iïu; tka;e,ams úm¾hdih ks¾Kh lrkak' (ish¨ ødjK j,
úYsIaG ;dm Odß;d hehs i,lkak')

b)
i. my; j.=fõ we;s o;a;hka Ndú;d lr by; 2 m%;sl%shdõ iïu; tka;e,ams úm¾hdih i`oyd ;j;a
w.hla ,nd .kak'

m%fNaoh +

/ kJ -285.8 -393.5 -692 0.0

Che.=rd 10 Thamira Herathjayasinghe

 ii. by; a yd b ys ,nd .;a ms<s;=re w;r fjkila ;sfío? tfia ;sfí kï ta i`oyd fya;=jla fhdackd
lrkak'

c) CS2 iy c,Sh KI w;r I2 jHdma; lr we;' § we;s o;a; Ndú;d lr my; m%;sl%shdfõ KC iu;=,;
s h
.Kkh lrkak'
I2 (aq) + (aq) (aq)

KI ia:r j, wdrïNl idkaøKh — 0.02 mol dm-3

c,Sh ia:rfha we;s iïmQ¾K I2 idkaøKh — 0.02 mol dm-3 ^ ksoyia I2 yd iu. ne`§ mj;S'&
-3
CS2 ia:rfha I2 idkaøKh — 0.124 mol dm
ixY=oaO c,fha I2 ys ødjH;djh ― 0.02 mol dm-3
CS2 ys I2 ys ødjH;djh — 0.62 mol dm-3

6)
a)
i) Al(OH)3 f.a ksp i`oyd m%ldYkhla jHq;amkak lrkak.
ii) wdi%e; c,h 400cm3 ;=, AlCl3 hï ialkaOhla Èh lrk ,È. ødjKfha 25 § pH = 3.7 la jk w;r
[ ] = 0.6 fõ. fï wkqj Al(OH)3 i`oyd 25 § ksp .Kkh lrkak.
iii) ødjKhg idkaø NaOH ìxÿ jYfhka tlalrk úg ødjKfha wdú,H;djh l%ufhka bj;aj hk w;r
wjikajk fudfydf;a ødjKfha pH w.h 10.3 la úh. 25 § fuu o;a; u; my; iu;=,s;hg iu;=,;
s d
ksh;h fidhkak.
Al(OH)3(s) + (aq) (aq) + 2H2O(l)

b) § jdhquh HI fufia úfhdackh fõ'

(g)
fkdfhl=;a wdrïNl HI idkaøK i`oyd HI jeh ùfï wdrïNl YS>%;d my; ±lafõ'
-3
wdrïNl idkaøKh / moldm 2 4 6 8
-3 -1
wdrïNl YS>%;dj / moldm s 0'5 1'5 3'5 7

i) fya;= olajñka fï m%;sl%shdfõ YS>%;d iólrKh ks¾Kh lrkak' YS>%;d ksh;fha w.h fidhkak'
ii) § bÈß m%;sl%shdfõ il%shk Yla;sh jk w;r miq m%;sl%shdfõ il%shk Yla;sh
g fõ'
a. m%;sl%shdj i`oyd m%;sl%shd ud¾.h - Yla;s igyk w`Èkak'
b. bÈß m%;sl%shdj i`oyd tka;e,ams úm¾hdih .Kkh lrkak'
iii) WIaK;ajh by, kexjQ úg HI j, úfhdackh flf¾ thska we;sjk n,mEu ljf¾o? fya;= olajñka Tfí
ms<s;=r myokak'
iv) Au W;afm%arlh we;s úg miq m%;sl%shdfõ il%shk Yla;sh fõ' fuu W;afm%rl yuqfõ § miq
m%;sl%shdj i`oyd wod, Yla;s igyk l,ska igyfkau w`Èkak'
v) fï ;;a;aj hgf;a § HI j, úfhdackh i`oyd il%shk Yla;sh .Kkh lrkak'

c) reêr ma,diauh iajdrCIlhla f,i l%shd lrhs' tys iajdrCIl l%shdj i`oyd CO2 yd HC whk wdOdr fõ'

CO2 (aq) + H2O (l) HC (aq) + H+ (aq)

iu;=,;
s ;djh i`oyd § KC = 7.90 x 10-7 mol dm-3

Che.=rd 11 Thamira Herathjayasinghe

 (i) iajdrCIlhla hkqfjka y`ÿkajkafka l=ula o@
(ii) reêr ma,diauhg H+ (aq) yd OH (aq) iaj,amhla tl;= l, úg tys w.hg l=ula isÿ fõo@
(iii) reêr ma,diaufhys [ H C ] / [ CO2 (aq) ] w;r wkqmd;h 20 : 1 kï reêr ma,diaufhys pH w.h .Kkh
lrkak'
(iv) ma,diaufha we;s HC yd CO2 idkaøK ks¾Kh lrkq ,nkafka ma,diauhg ;kql H2SO4 tl;= lr r;alr
msgjk ish¨u CO2 jdhqj Ba(OH)2 ødjKhla u.ska wjfYdaIKh lr .ekSug i,iajd bka ,efnk BaCO3

wjlafIamh fmrd fidaod úh,s tys ialkaOh uekSfuks' 100.0 cm3 reêr ma,diauhlska ,ndÿka BaCO3 ys
ialkaOh 0.600 g úh'
(1) HC (aq) ;kql H2SO4 iu. m%;sl%shdj i`oyd ;=,;
s iólrKh ,shkak'
(2) CO2 (g) yd Ba(OH)2 (aq) m%;sl%shdj i`oyd ;=,s; iólrKh ,shkak'
(3) by; (iii) § we;s o;a; mokï lr .ksñka ma,diauh ;=, CO2 (aq) idkaøKh .Kkh lrkak'
( Ba = 137 , C = 12 , O = 16 )

7)
a) f,â wï, welshqñf,agrh oaú;shsl fldaIhla f,i Ndú;d jk úoHq;a ridhksl fldaIhls fok ,o f,â wï,
welshqñf,agrhl wka;¾.; c,Sh ys wdrïNl >k;ajh jk w;r mehl ld,hla
úi¾ckfha§ tu w.h olajd wvq úh wdrïNfha§ c,Sh ys ixY=oaO;dj ialkaO m%;sY;hla
f,i jQ w;r úi¾ckfha§ tu w.h olajd wvqúh welshqñf,agrh ;=< wka;¾.; iïmQ¾K
mßudj jk w;r úi¾ckfha§ tu wï, mßudj fkdfjkiaj mj;sk nj i,lkak
(i) oaú;shsl fldaIhla hkqfjka woyia lrkafka l=ulao
(ii) fuu fldaIfha wefkdavh y÷kd.kak
(iii) fuu fldaIfha lef;davh y÷kd.kak
(iv) wefkdav m%;sl%shdj ;=<s; ridhksl iólrKhl olajkak
(v) lef;dav m%;sl%shdj ;=<s; ridhksl iólrKhl olajkak
(vi) iuia; fldaI m%;sl%shdj olajkak
(vii) fldaI úi¾ckfha§ i,a*shqßla >k;ajh wvqùu Tn meyeÈ,s lrkafka flfiao
(viii) fuu fldaIh kej; wdfrdamKfha§ úoHq;a iemhqug idfmalaIj wefkdavh yd lef;davh wi, isÿjk
m%;sl%shd fjk fjku olajkak
(ix) by; fldaIh mehl ld,hla Ndú;d lf<a kï fldaI h uÕska ,nd.;a Odrdj .Kkh lrkak
ujq,sl wdfrdamKh
ys ujq,l
s ialkaOh

(x) f,â wï, welshqñf,agrh Ndú;fha tl wjdishla yd tla jdishla i|yka lrkak

b) X kï m<uq d f.dkqjg wh;a f,dayhl" Wmßu TlaislD; ammine ixlSrKh NaOH jeämqr oud kegjQ
úg wjidkfha l¨ meye;s wjfYaIhla ,efí' fuu wjfYaIh fmrd fjkalr wdï,sl KI ødjKhl ñks;a;=
10 la ;nd Wvq.sh ødjKfhka fldgila f.k " thg msIaGh tla l, úg ks,a oï meye úh'

(i) X y÷kdf.k bf,lafg%dak úkHdih ,shkak'

Che.=rd 12 Thamira Herathjayasinghe

 (ii) X u.ska we;s úh yels ammine ixlS¾K iy tajdfha j¾K ,shd olajkak'
(iii) by; úia;r lsÍug wod, jk m%fNaohkaf.a iQ;% iy j¾K ,nd fokak'
(iv) by; wdrïNl “ammine” ixlSrKhg X f,dayh msg;ska tla lrhs' túg we;s jk ksÍlaIK iy Bg fya;=
meyeÈ,s lrkak'
(v) by; (iv) fldgfia wvx.= wjika ødjKhg id(HCl l%ufhka tla lrhs' túg we;sjk ksÍlaIK myokak'

C fldgi - rpkd
m%YK
a folla muKla f;dardf.k ms<s;=re imhkak'

8)
a) A kï ldnksl ixfhda.fha C iy H ys ialkaO m%;sY;hka 58.8% la iy 9.8% ls' b;sßh O fõ'

i. A ys wdKqNúl iQ;%h fokak'

ii. A ys lhs/,a ldnka mrudKqjla muKla wvx.= jk w;r myiqfjka TlaislrKh jk tla ldnka
mrudKqjla muKla we;s w;r th fi!uH Tlaisldrl j,g o m%;spdr foa' ta wkqj A ys jHqyh ,nd
fokak' A ys wKql iQ;%h o fokak'
iii. A ys IUPAC kduh fokak'
iv. A Ndú;fhka" fjk;a lsis÷ ldnksl ixfhda.hlska f;drj wju mshjr .Kklska my; ixfhda.h
ixiaf,aIKh lr.kakd whqre wjYH ;;a;aj iy m%;sldrl iu. ,nd fokak'

CH3 O

CH3

b)
(i) wdrïNl ldnksl øjH f,i t;fkd,a (CH3CH2OH) fhdodf.k mshjr 7 lg wvq mshjr ixLHdjlska
my; ixfhda.h ixiaf,aIKh lrk whqre olajkak' msg;ska ldnksl ixfhda. Ndú;d fkdlrkak'

Br O
CH3 — C — CH2 — C — O — CH2CH3

(ii) by; wjika ixfhda.h wh;a jk ixfhda. ldKavh y÷kd.kak'

(iii) tu ixfhda. ldKavfha úfYaI ,laIKhla olajkak'
(iv) by; wjika ixfhda.h NdIañl c, úÉfþokfhka ,efnk M,hka yd MgBr iu. m%;sl%shd lr c,
úÉfþokfhka ,efnk wjidk M,hka fjk fjku olajkak'

c) my; ixfhda. hq.,a tlsfklska fjkalr y÷kd.kakd whqre ,nd fokak'

I. CH3 iy C(CH3

I. CH3CHBrCH2CH3 iy CH3CH2CH2Br

Che.=rd 13 Thamira Herathjayasinghe

 d)
i. my; ±lafjk m%;sl%shdfõ hdka;%Kh fokak'

ii. by; m%;sls%hdj bf,lafg%d*s,sl wdfoaY m%;sls%hdjla o ke;fyd;a kshqla,sfhda*s,l

s wdfoaY m%;sl%shdjla o
hkak i|yka lr wod< bf,lafg%d*hs,h fyda kshqla,sfhda*hs,h y÷kd .kAk'
iii. CH3CH2Cl , NH3 Ndú;fhka CH3CH2NH2 njg m;a l< yels jqjo C6H5Cl tfia l< fkdyels ùug fya;=j
meyeÈ,s lrkak

9)

a) Q keue;s wldnksl ,jKh u.ska my; .e,Sï igyk wrUhs'

A jdhqj j¾Kj;a u,afm;s úrxckh lrhs'

fuys kï lr we;s m%fNao yÿkd.kak' ^bx.%Sis wlaIr ud,djla olajd we;&

b) c,Sh ødjKhl Fe2+ iy S wvx.= fõ' ødjKfhka 25 cm3 f.k 0.02 mol dm-3 jQ wdï,sl KMnO4 u.ska
wkqudmkfha§ wka; ,laIHh 40 cm3 úh'
wdrïNl ødjKfhka 100 cm3 f.k jeämqr BaCl2 tla l, úg ,efnk wjlafIamh fvisflagrhl úh<d
ialkaOh uek.;a úg 0.852 g ialkaOhla ,efí' - - -
a) by; úia;r lsÍu ;=< isÿ jQ m%;sl%shd ,nd fokak'

b) wdrïNl ødjKfha Fe2+ iy S idkaøK fidhkak'

c) wkqudmkfha Ndú;d l< hq;= jeo.;a Wml%uh meyeÈ,s lrkak'

Che.=rd 14 Thamira Herathjayasinghe

 10)
a) tla;rd jeo.;a ridhksl l¾udka;hla yd wdY%s; .e,Sï igykla my; olajd we;' fuys A , C jYfhka
l¾udka;fha wdrïNl wuqøjH ±lafjk w;r " D yd E jYfhka tajdfha wvx.= úh hq;= m%Odk l%shdldÍ
ridhksl øjH ye`Èka fõ' tajd ksjerÈj y`ÿkdf.k wid we;s m%Yak j,g ms<s;=re imhkak'

A
Q B C
Q Q
NH3

D F
Q r;a Q
lsÍu G E
Q Q

r;a lsÍu

H
I Q
Q

J
r;a lsÍu Q

r;a lsÍu

K
Q

I. A , C wuqøjH y`ÿkd.kak'
II. by; ksrEmKh jk l¾udka;h l=ulao
III. F , G , I , J , K y`ÿkdf.k ta w;ßka l¾udka;fha m%Odk M,h $ M, f;darkak'
IV. m%Odk M,h ,nd .ekSug wod, jk iuia: m%;sl%shdj i`oyd ;=,;
s ridhksl iólrKh ,shkak'
V. by; l¾udka;fha§ jeä M,odjla ,nd .ekSug fhdod.k we;s fN!; ridhksl uQ,O¾u fya;= iys;j
idlÉcd lrkak' ^lreKq 5 la m%udKj;a &
VI. fuh jvd;a id¾:l fukau ,dN ,nd.; yels l¾udka;hla f,i ms<s.ekSug fya;=ù we;af;a wehs
VII. l¾udka;fha w;=reM, $ M, y`ÿkdf.k m%fhdackhla ne.ska ,shkak'

Che.=rd 15 Thamira Herathjayasinghe

 b) ir, wKq úYd, ixLHdjla tlsfkl iu. iïnkaO fjñka úYd, wKql Ndrhla iys; wKq j¾.hla f,i nyq
wjhúl ks¾udKh fõ' fïjd ñksid úiska tÈfkod cSú;fha§ M,odhS f,i Ndú;d lrhs' nyq wjhúl ms<sn`o
Tfí ±kqu weiqßka my; j.=j iïmQ¾K lrkak'

tal wjhúl nyq wjhúl mqkrdj¾;s tallh wdl,k $ ix>kk f,i

nyq wjhjl j¾.SlrKh
I. Ethene a) b) c)
II. a) b) c)

III. a) b) c)

IV. NH2CONH2 + HCHO a) b)

c) fíf¾ jefjka ,nd.;a c,h kso¾Ylhla l=vd fnda;,hlg oud MnSO4 iy NdIañl KI iu. laIKslj
m%;sl%shd lrjd fyd|ska fid,jd jdhqfrdaOlj ñks;a;= 15 la muK ;sfnkakg yÍ' miqj úoHd.drfha§ id(H2SO4
u.ska wdï,sl lr u| fõ,djlska ødjKfha 100 cm3 msIaGh o¾Ylh f,i f.k 0.01 mol dm-3 jQ Na2S2O3
u.ska wkqudmKh lrk ,§' túg iul;d ,laIh 8 cm3 úh'

I. by; mÍlaIKfha isÿ jQ ish¨ m%;sl%shd ,shd olajkak'

II. c, kso¾Ylh ;=, ødú; O2 idkaøKh ppm j,ska .Kkh lrkak'
III. fuu mÍlaIKfha§ jvd;a id¾:l m%;sM, ,nd .ekSug isÿ l, hq;= mshjrhka fláfhka olajkak'
IV. wkqudmKh ;=,§ msIaGh o¾Ylh f,i wdrïNfhau fhdokafka ke;' fuh meyeÈ,s lrkak'

Che.=rd 16 Thamira Herathjayasinghe