1 1 0 0

0 0 1 1
C1 C2 C3 C4 C5 C6
A1 5 7 5 5 3 8
A2 9 4 9 4 4 8
A3 8 7 4 7 2 7
A4 7 3 7 6 9 5
w 0.3 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2
sumsq 219 123 171 126 110 202

normalized
0.338 0.631 0.382 0.445 0.286 0.563
0.608 0.361 0.688 0.356 0.381 0.563
0.541 0.631 0.306 0.624 0.191 0.493
0.473 0.271 0.535 0.535 0.858 0.352

s+ s- d+
weight no 0.101 0.063 0.038 0.045 0.057 0.113 0.02 0.01 0.15
0.182 0.036 0.069 0.036 0.076 0.113 0.01 0.01 0.10
0.162 0.063 0.031 0.062 0.038 0.099 0.02 0.01 0.15
0.142 0.027 0.054 0.053 0.172 0.070 0.00 0.03 0.05
v+ 0.182 0.027 0.069 0.036 0.172 0.070
v- 0.101 0.063 0.133 0.062 0.038 0.113

Therefore, A4 would be the best alternative

d- C rank
0.10 0.39 4
0.12 0.53 2
0.12 0.44 3
0.17 0.78 1
Weight 0.25 0.2 0.3 0.25
C1 C2 C3 C4
A1 0.115 0.586 0.749 0.337
A2 0.115 0.586 0.468 0.505
A3 0.574 0.456 0.281 0.421
A4 0.803 0.325 0.375 0.674

A1 A2 A3 A4
A1 x 0.75 0.5 0.5
A2 0.7 x 0.75 0.5
A3 0.5 0.25 x 0.2
A4 0.5 0.5 0.8 x

𝑔_𝑖 (𝑐)−𝑔_𝑖 (𝑑) 𝑤_𝑖 (𝑔_𝑖 (𝑐)−𝑔_𝑖 (𝑑))

D(1,2) 0 0 -0.281 0.168 0 0 -0.0843
D(1,3) 0.459 -0.13 -0.468 0.084 0.11475 -0.026 -0.1404
D(1,4) 0.688 -0.261 -0.374 -0.075 0.172 -0.0522 -0.1122
D(2,1) 0 0 0.281 -0.168 0 0 0.0843
D(2,3) 0.459 -0.13 -0.187 -0.084 0.11475 -0.026 -0.0561
D(2,4) 0.688 -0.261 -0.093 0.169 0.172 -0.0522 -0.0279
D(3,1) -0.459 0.13 0.468 -0.084 -0.11475 0.026 0.1404
D(3,2) -0.459 0.13 0.187 0.084 -0.11475 0.026 0.0561
D(3,4) 0.229 -0.131 0.094 0.253 0.05725 -0.0262 0.0282
D(4,1) -0.688 0.261 0.374 -0.337 -0.172 0.0522 0.1122
D(4,2) -0.688 0.261 0.093 -0.169 -0.172 0.0522 0.0279
D(4,3) -0.229 0.131 -0.094 -0.253 -0.05725 0.0262 -0.0282

Concordance Alt 1 Alt 2 Alt 3 Alt 4 Discordance

Alt 1 x 0.75 0.5 0.5 Alt 1
Alt 2 0.7 x 0.75 0.5 Alt 2
Alt 3 0.5 0.25 x 0.2 Alt 3
Alt 4 0.5 0.5 0.8 x Alt 4

b. Given the C* = 0.425, D* = 0.522, using ELECTRE I, find the set N and A\N and
the kernel graph

C* 0.425
D* 0.522

Concordance A1 A2 A3 A4 Discordance
A1 x 1 1 1 A1
A2 1 x 1 1 A2
A3 1 0 x 0 A3
A4 1 1 1 x A4
Outrank Pair
A1 A2 A3 A4 1-2
A1 x outrank not outrank not outrank 1-3
A2 outrank x not outrank not outrank 1-4
A3 not outrank not outrank x not outrank 2-3
A4 not outrank outrank outrank x 2-4
3-4
Note: Outrank = 1, Not outrank = 0

4
A 1, 2, 3, 4
N (the
kernel of 1
the graph)
A\N 2,3,4 2

Outranking relation Graph

 𝑚𝑎𝑥_(𝑐,𝑑∈𝐴) [𝑤_𝑖 (𝑔_𝑖 (𝑐)−𝑔_𝑖 (𝑑))] Discordance

0.042 0.042 0.244

0.021 0.11475 0.667
-0.01875 0.172 1.000
-0.042 0.0843 0.490
-0.021 0.11475 0.667
0.04225 0.172 1.000
-0.021 0.1404 0.816
0.021 0.0561 0.326
0.06325 0.06325 0.368
-0.08425 0.1122 0.652
-0.04225 0.0522 0.303
-0.06325 0.0262 0.152

Max 0.172

Alt 1 Alt 2 Alt 3 Alt 4

x 0.244 0.667151162790698 1.000
0.490 x 0.667151162790698 1.000
0.816 0.326 x 0.368
0.652 0.303 0.152 x

A1 A2 A3 A4
x 1 0 0
1 x 0 0
0 1 x 1
0 1 1 x
 Relation Pair Relation Conclusion
1 2-1 1 2 outranks 1
0 3-1 0 1 is incomparable to 3
0 4-1 0 1 is incomparable to 4
0 3-2 0 2 is incomparable to 3
0 4-2 1 4 outranks 2
0 4-3 1 4 outranks 3

g relation Graph
Comparision of criteria Normalize pairwise comparision matrix
C1 C2 C3 C1 C2 C3
C1 1.000 0.200 0.143 C1 0.077 0.048 0.097
C2 5.000 1.000 0.333 C2 0.385 0.238 0.226
C3 7.000 3.000 1.000 C3 0.538 0.714 0.677
SUM 13.000 4.200 1.476

Lamba Max 3.096726

Consistency Index 0.048363
Consistency Ratio 0.083384 <10% (acceptable)

LOCATION A1 A2 A3 A1 A2 A3
A1 1.000 0.111 0.167 A1 0.063 0.077 0.040
A2 9.000 1.000 3.000 A2 0.563 0.692 0.720
A3 6.000 0.333 1.000 A3 0.375 0.231 0.240
SUM 16.000 1.444 4.167

Lamba Max 3.082436

Consistency Index 0.041218
Consistency Ratio 0.071065 <10% (acceptable)

FACILITIES A1 A2 A3 A1 A2 A3
A1 1.000 5.000 2.000 A1 0.588 0.417 0.632
A2 0.200 1.000 0.167 A2 0.118 0.083 0.053
A3 0.500 6.000 1.000 A3 0.294 0.500 0.316
SUM 1.700 12.000 3.167

Lamba Max 3.113356

Consistency Index 0.056678
Consistency Ratio 0.09772 <10% (acceptable)

PROGRAM
QUALITY A1 A2 A3 A1 A2 A3
A1 1.000 5.000 7.000 A1 0.745 0.789 0.636
A2 0.200 1.000 3.000 A2 0.149 0.158 0.273
A3 0.143 0.333 1.000 A3 0.106 0.053 0.091
SUM 1.343 6.333 11.000

Lamba Max 3.111464

Consistency Index 0.055732
Consistency Ratio 0.096089 <10% (acceptable)

AHP
Alternative Location Facilities Program Total Rank
Quality Weighted
VNU 0.060 0.545 0.724 0.624 1
British Council 0.658 0.085 0.193 0.197 2
IDP 0.282 0.370 0.083 0.179 3
Weight 0.074 0.283 0.643

Therefore, VNU is the best alternative

Weight
0.074
0.283
0.643

Weight
0.060
0.658
0.282

Weight
0.545
0.085
0.370

Weight
0.724
0.193
0.083
Aggregation of individual judgments (AIJ)
A1 C1 C2 C3 Lamda_1 0.40 Normalizing
C1 1.000 3.000 5.000 A1 C1 C2
C2 0.333 1.000 3.000 C1 0.652 0.692
C3 0.200 0.333 1.000 C2 0.217 0.231
SUM 1.533 4.333 9.000 C3 0.130 0.077

A2 C1 C2 C3 Lamda_2 0.60 Normalizing

C1 1.000 7.000 4.000 A2 C1 C2
C2 3.000 1.000 6.000 C1 0.235 0.857
C3 0.250 0.167 1.000 C2 0.706 0.122
SUM 4.250 8.167 11.000 C3 0.059 0.020

AG C1 C2 C3 Normalizing
C1 1.000 4.988 4.373 AC C1 C2
C2 1.246 1.000 4.547 C1 0.404 0.803
C3 0.229 0.220 1.000 C2 0.503 0.161
Sum 2.474 6.208 9.921 C3 0.092 0.035

Aggregation of priorities (AIP)

The geometric mean aggregation
Group priority vector
W1G W2G WG
0.833 0.648 0.540
0.584 0.626 0.365
0.408 0.179 0.073

The weighted arithmetic mean

W1G W2G WG
0.833 0.648 1.481
0.584 0.626 1.210
0.408 0.179 0.586

Compatibility index
A1 C1 C2 C3 A dot B C1 C2 C3
C1 1 2 3 C1 1 1 1
C2 0.5 1 5 C2 1 1 2.5
C3 0.3333 0.2 1 C3 1 0.4 1

A2 C1 C2 C3 (1^T)(A dot B) C1 C2 C3
C1 1 2 3 C1 3 2.4 4.5
C2 0.5 1 2 C2 3 2.4 4.5
C3 0.3333 0.5 1 C3 3 2.4 4.5
n= 3
1T 1 1 1 Comp(A, B) 1.1
 C3 Weights
0.556 0.633
0.333 0.260
0.111 0.106

C3 Weights
0.364 0.485
0.545 0.458
0.091 0.057

C3 Weights
0.441 0.549
0.458 0.374
0.101 0.076
 Pairwise comparison matrix
C1 C2 C3
C1 1 ̃ 5 ̃ 7 ̃
C2 5 ̃^(−1) 1 ̃ 5 ̃
C3 7 ̃^(−1) 5 ̃^(−1) 1 ̃

C1 C2 C3
C1 1 1 3 3.00 5.00 7 5 7.00
C2 0.142857 0.2 0.333333 1 1 3 3.00 5.00
C3 0.111111 0.142857 0.2 0.1428571 0.2 0.333333 1 1

(wij) C2 C3
C1 0.038 0.051 0.125 0.032 0.070 0.181 0.028 0.030
C2 0.065 0.106 0.214 0.133 0.257 0.645 0.121 0.147
C3 0.260 0.366 0.661 0.262 0.672 1.636 0.299 0.396
C3 Fuzzy Geometric mean of criteria (rj) Fuzzy weight of criteria (wj)
9 2.466 3.271 5.739 0.299 0.715 1.653
7.00 0.754 1.000 1.913 0.092 0.218 0.551
3 0.251 0.306 0.585 0.031 0.067 0.168
SUM 3.471 4.577 8.237
SUM^-1 0.121 0.218 0.288

C3 R BNP Rank
0.053 0.016 0.054 0.315 0.128 3
0.252 0.029 0.142 0.752 0.307 2
0.695 0.111 0.435 2.111 0.886 1
Direct
Alternatives A1 A2 A3 A4 A5
A1 SF SF SF
A2
A3 Sf
A4 SF SF SF SF
A5 SF Sf

Step Y D U B D\U (D\U) U B A r2(l+1)

0 12345 4 0 0 ∅ 4 4 1
1 1235 1 0 0 ∅ 1 1 2
2 235 25 25 0 ∅ 25 25 3
3 ∅ 1 1 4
4 5 5 5 5