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Overview on the Object Rejection and Counting Machine

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Overview on the Object Rejection and Counting
Machine
Praveen Kumar Rai
Mechanical Engineering Department
Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology
Allahabad, India
praveen.me65@gmail.com
Abstract- The present overview on the object rejection and
counting machine relates generally to electronic component
transportation system. More particularly, the present to anti-
static conveyor system for transporting surface-mount or like
electronic component deposited. The system may be either
unidirectional or bidirectional. The present invention relates
generally to an improved system for accepting, receiving and
collecting rejected surface mount electronic components and
particularly to a system where by a controllably intermittently
operable conveyor belt accepts rejected component, maintains
there separate identity, prevents further damage to the rejected
component and allows the operator to inspect the rejected
component without material interference with the production
cycle. In an additional embodiment of the present invention, the
system is also capable of limited supply functions as well, most
likely in a counter flow direction. This paper is related with the
explanation and overview of the object reject and counting
machine. A lot of industrial application is possible by the object
rejection and counting machine.
Keywords—Machine; components; objects; industrial
applications;
I. INTRODUCTION
Now a days, with the advancement of technology, particularly
in the field of mechatronics, all the activities in our daily
living have become a part of information technology and we
find mechatronics, in each and every application. This
conveyor belt based machine aims to carries goods for
different height or material. The object rejection setup
removes the item from the moving belt if it does not fulfill the
condition. Initially when power supply is turned on the main
D.C. geared motor runs the conveyer belt in one direction. The
belt is supported by wooden platform at the center thus
provides adequate support to the moving object coming to it.
The IR sensing circuits duly connected with the switching
relay changes the status of two motors i.e. that one is on other
is off. Tsalidis et al. [1] describes in this paper that conveyor
belt design is examined as an application of a proposed design
parameters space search technique. First, the main
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characteristics of the belt conveyor design process are
presented as they appear in the current literature. Furthermore,
a proposed general knowledge-representation platform is
described, and its ability to house the relevant conveyor design
knowledge is also shown. Huang et al. [2] describes in this
paper deals with the time-minimum trajectory planning of a 2-
DOF translational parallel robot named the diamond for rapid
pick-and- place operations. Dogan Ibrahim et al [3] aim to
show the special features of the C language when
programming microcontrollers. He say that the industry
standard C51 optimizing C compiler is used throughout. This
compiler has been developed by Kiel Elektronik GmbH. C-51
is available on both MS-DOS and windows based operating
systems and the complier implements the American National
Standard Institute (ANSI) standard for the C language. Sahu,
et al. [4] describes the outline of the development of the colour
sensor meant for the radiation-robot used for the alignment of
sample for various experiments in a radiation environment
near nuclear beam line of 3MV Tandem pelletron Accelerator
at institute of Physics, Bhubaneswar. In this paper a
comparative study between APD and LDR for their sensitivity
towards different colours also discussed. A cost effective as
well as with reasonable accuracy and precision, a colour
sensor is developed with array of LDRs, where the biasing
voltage is very less compared to APT based colure sensor.
This sensor is used in microcontroller based object rejecter
and successfully able to distinguish eight colours.
Khojastehnazhand et al. [5] Grading system give many kinds
of information such as size, colour, shape, defect and internal
quality. Among these colour and size are the most important
features for accurate classification and sorting of citrus such as
oranges, lemons, and tangerines.
In this paper overview of the object rejection and counting
machine is described. All component is described and at last
conclusion is find.

II. INSPECTION
The first category is one in which the primary function is the
inspection process. This is carried out by the machine vision
system, and the robot is used in a secondary role to support the
application. The objectives of machine vision inspection
include checking of gross surface defects, discovery of flaws
in labeling, verification of the presence of components in the
assembly, measuring for dimensional accuracy, and checking
for the presence of holes and other features in a part. When.
These kinds of inspection operations are performed manually,
there is a tendency for human error. Also, the time required in
most manual inspection operation requires that the procedures
be accomplished on a sampling basis
Fig. 2.1 Overview of object rejection and counting machine
III. IDENTIFICATION
The second category identification is concerned with
applications in which purpose of machine vision is to
recognize and classify and object rather than to inspect it.
Inspection implies that the part must be either accepted or
rejected. Identification involves a recognition process in which
the part itself, or its position and/or orientation, is determined.
This is usually followed by a subsequent decision and action
taken by the robot. Identification application of machine
vision include part sorting, palletizing, and picking parts that
are randomly oriented from a conveyor or bin.
IV. VISUAL SERVOING AND NAVIGATION
The third application category, visual serving and navigational
control, the purpose of the vision system is to direct the
actions of the robot based on its visual input. The generic
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example of robot visual serving is the where the machine
vision system is used to control the trajectory of the robots end
effectors toward an object in the work space. Industrial
examples of this application include part positioning,
retrieving parts moving along a conveyor, retrieving and
reorienting parts moving along a conveyor, assembly, bin
picking, and seam tracking in continuous arc welding.
V. REJECTION
The forth category is a simple process in which the
microcontroller selects the defected components and placed
them in the rejection box. A automatic arm is attached with a
motor, when the microcontroller scanned defected piece it
gives signal to the wooden arm and throw the defected piece
into the rejection box.
VI. COUNTING
A counter is placed at the end of the machine which keeps the
tally of no. of accepted components of parts. The counter
holds the maximum count 9. It is based on microprocessor
AT89S52 8 bit microprocessor. The Atmel AT89S52 is a
powerful microcontroller which provides a highly- flexible
and cost-effective solution to many embedded control
applications. The AT89S52 provides the following standard
features: 8K bytes of Flash, 256 bytes of RAM, 32I/O lines,
timer, two data pointers, three 16-bit timer /counters, a six-
vector two level interrupt architecture, a full duplex serial port,
on chip oscillator and clock circuitry. In addition, the
AT89S52 is designed with static logic for operation down to
zero frequency and supports two software selectable power
saving modes. The idle mode stops the belt while allowing the
RPM, timer/countries, serial port, and interrupt system to
continue counting if the height parameters provided to the
sensors has been satisfied. The power mode saves the RAM
con-tents but freezes the oscillator, disabling all other chip
function until the next interrupt or hardware reset.
VII. WORKING OF MACHINE
The objects were successfully separated on the basis of color,
using image processing. It is found that objects have to be
placed at a minimum distance separation for proper working.
Presence of the ambient light conditions also plays an
important role. Certain colored objects, other than the ones
used can lead to similar RGB combination as provided in the
algorithm, leading to a wrong shorting. Image processing
consumes a bit of time, leading to a poor response time of the
system. Objects having their vertical height greater than or
equal to the level of the objects sensor have to used for proper

detection, otherwise the object won’t be detected. The objects
have to be placed in the conveyor system so that it comes in
the field of view of the camera and also within the range of the
actuating motor to make sure that they don’t miss any of the
objects.
Fig. 7.1 Object Rejection and Counting Machine
VIII. CONCLUSION
By this overview on the object rejection and counting machine
we can conclude that
1. The object separation method using image processing
plays important role in the industries.
2. Object can be separated by the height of the product.
3. We can increases the size of conveyor belt system for
this we have required to include more parts of
machine and more number of motors are required.
4. For the proper design and calibration we can use the
higher quality cameras on behalf of this we can
separate the multi colored object.
5. Instead of using an actuation motors we can also
design a robotic arm to elite the objects on the
conveyor and place it to another path.
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ELK Asia Pacific Journals – 978-93-85537-06-6
ARIMPIE -2017
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