National Institute of Textile Engineering & Research (Niter)

National Institute of Textile Engineering & Research
(NITER)
Nayarhat,Savar,Dhaka
REPORT ON
INDUSTRIAL ATTACHMENT
Duration
(12 March 2016 to 6 th May 2016)
th
WITH
Hamid Fabrics Ltd
(A Concern of MAHIN Group)
Shilmandi, Pachdona, Narshingdi
SUPERVISING TEACHER
Prof. Dr. Mohammed Mizanur Rahman
Principal, NITER
Professor, Dept. of Applied Chemistry & Chemical Engineering
University of Dhaka
Submitted By :
NAME ID DU Exam Roll DU Reg. No SESSION
Rony Mia 120101018 1124 3822 2014-15
Jalal Ibn Amin Mojumdar 120101070 1176 3874 2014-15
©National Institute of Textile Engineering and Research (NITER) Page 1

I. Acknowledgement
At first our gratefulness goes to Almighty Allah to give us strength and ability to complete
the industrial training and this report. May your name be exalted, honored and glorified.
Industrial Attachment Course is an academic function of National Institute of Textile

Engineering and Research (NITER). We are highly delighted to express our regards &
gratitude to honorable Principal Prof. Dr. Mohammed Mizanur Rahman for providing us the
chance to complete our Industrial Training at Hamid Fabrics Ltd.
We also take the opportunity to express our sincerest gratitude to the management,
administration & personnel of Hamid Fabrics Ltd. for their kind assistance. Heartfelt thanks
goes to Abdullah Al Mahmud, Managing Director, Mr. Mir Azharul Islam (Chief Operating
officer), Mr. K.K Ghose (GM, Admin) for their permission & excellent cooperation during
training period. The generous support is greatly appreciated. Our gratitude also goes to all the
employees of Hamid Fabrics Ltd. for their sincere co-operation, support and valuable
advices.
Finally, we would like to acknowledge that we remain responsible for the inadequacies &
errors, which doubtless remain in the following report.

II. Executive Summary /Introduction
Textile sector is one of the largest and fastest growing sector in Bangladesh.
Bangladesh earns highest foreign currency through this sector.
Industrial attachment helps us to familiar with technical support of modern

machinery. It also provides us sufficient practical knowledge about production management,
efficiency, industrial management, purchasing, utility, maintenance of machinery, their
operation techniques etc. The above mentioned factors cannot be achieved successfully by
means of theoretical knowledge only. This is why it should be accomplished with practical
knowledge in which it is based on. Industrial training minimizes the gap between theoretical
and practical knowledge and makes us accustomed to industrial environment.
In Hamid Fabrics Ltd, We got an opportunity to complete 8 weeks long industrial

training, which is a 100% export oriented factory. It has well planned & equipped with
modern fabric weaving, dyeing and finishing unit. In here we apply our theoretical
knowledge in the practical field, which minimizes our gap about actual concept. It also
improves our knowledge, confident & performance in that particular environment. University
education provides us vast theoretical knowledge, but industrial attachment helps us to be
familiar with technical support of modern machinery, skills about various processing stages.
We have prepared this report as required on completion of our industrial attachment

course in regarding guideline given by the university authority.

III. Table of Contents
Content Page
No
I. Acknowledgement 2
II. Executive Summary/ Introduction 3
Chapter 1 Description of Project/Organization 7-10
1.1 General information about the organization: 8
1.2 Location/ Address 9
1.3 Sponsors/ Associate Organization 9
1.4 Product Mix 9
1.5 Annual Production Capacity 10
1.6 Project cost & Net profit 10
1.7 Different Departments 10
1.8 Physical Infrastructure 10
Chapter 2 Manpower Management/ Organogram 11-14
2.1 Total Manpower Strength 12
2.2 Organogram 13
2.3 Shift Change 14
2.4 Responsibilities of officer 14
2.5 Job description of the officer 14
Chapter 3 Laboratory & Pilot Plant 15-37
3.1 Laboratory 16
3.1.1 Lab 16
3.1.2 Activities of laboratory 18
3.1.3 Process Sequence of laboratory 19
3.1.4 Sample Dyeing Method 20
3.1.5 Specifications of Machine Used in Dyeing Lab 29
3.1.6 Machineries at the section of checking shade of dyed 31
sample
3.2 Pilot Plant 33
3.2.1 Pilot Plant 33
3.2.2 Functions of Pilot Plant 33
3.2.3 Dyeing Methods in Pilot Plant 35
3.2.4 Specifications of Machine Used in Pilot Plant 37
Chapter 4 Machine Description 38-49
4.1 Pretreatment Section 39
4.2 Dyeing Section 43

4.3 Finishing Section 46
4.4 Inspection Section 48
Chapter 5 Material Management 50-52
5.1 Types of Material 51
5.2 Source of Materials 52
5.3 Task of Material Management 52
Chapter 6 Production Planning Sequence & Operation 53-69
6.1 Pretreatment Section 54
6.2 Dyeing Section 58
6.3 Finishing Section 64
6.4 Inspection Section 66
6.5 Delivery 69
Chapter 7 Quality Assurance 70-76
7.1 Objects of Quality Assurance 71
7.2 Activities of Quality Assurance Department 71
7.3 Test Performed in Quality Assurance Department 72
7.4 Procedure of Test Performed 72
7.5 List of Equipment/ Machine used in QA 75
7.6 Quality Standard used for different test 76
7.7 Quality Report 76
Chapter 8 Maintenance 77-81
8.1 Maintenance 78
8.2 Objects of Maintenance 78
8.3 Time Schedule for Maintenance 79
8.4 Manpower for Maintenance 79
8.5 Duties & Responsibilities of Maintenance Department 80
8.6 Maintenance Tools/ Equipment 81
Chapter 9 Utility Services 82-85
9.1 Utility Facility Available 83
9.2 Water Treatment Plant 83
9.3 Electricity 84
9.4 Steam 84
9.5 Compress Air 85
Chapter 10 Store & Inventory Control 86-91
10.1 Inventory 87
10.1.1 Characteristic of Inventory 87
10.1.2 Types of Inventory 87
10.2 Store 88

10.2.1 General Store 88
10.2.2 Dyes & Chemical Store 89
10.2.3 Finished fabric Delivery Store 91
Chapter 11 Cost Analysis 92-93
11.1 Revenue, Cost & Profit of the Product 93
11.2 Cost of the Product 93
Chapter 12 Marketing Activities 94-95
12.1 Consumer of the Product 95
12.2 Major Customer in HFL 95
12.3 Product Label 95
12.4 Package Size 95
12.5 Importing Countries 95
12.6 Duties & Responsibilities of Marketing Officer 95
Chapter 13 Effluent Treatment Plant 96-98
13.1 Objects of ETP 97
13.2 Process Flow chart of ETP 97
13.3 Working procedure of ETP 98
13.4 Causes of pH Control 98
Impact of Internship 99
Conclusion 100

Mahin Group has been involved in the RMG sector since its inception in 1993. The core
activity of the Group is to manufacture and export textile fabrics. Around $90m has been
injected into its textile division so far. It also has significant investments in the financial and
real estate sectors of the country.
Hamid Fabrics Ltd is a Public Limited Company registered in Bangladesh and incorporated
under the Companies Act, 1994. It manufactures solid-dyed fabrics for the 100% export
oriented Ready Made Garment (RMG) industry of Bangladesh. HFL is a deemed exporter,
which qualifies for all export incentives and benefits.
HFL was formed as a Private Company limited by shares, with the name and style of
Siddique Fabrics Limited, on 27 April 1995. Subsequently on 23rd May 2000, the Company
name was changed to Hamid Fabrics Limited. It was later converted into a Public Limited
Company vide a resolution passed in the Extraordinary General Meeting, held on 25
February 2010.

1.2 Location/Address:
Hamid Fabrics Ltd
(A Concern of MAHIN Group)
Office: Hamid Tower (5th& 6thFloor), 24, Gulshan C/A Circle-2, Dhaka 1212
Factory: Shilmandi, Narshingdi, Dhaka Division, Bangladesh
Website: www.mahingroup.com
1.3 Sponsors/ Associate Organization:
1.4 Product Mix:

Woven Dyed Fabric:
100% Cotton Twill/Blended Fabric , Canvas , Oxford , Rib, Ottoman , Herringbone ,
Calico , Poplin , Broken Twill , Matt , Dobby , Stretch Fabric , Cotton Linen , Bedford
Cord

1.5 Annual Production Capacity:
The following table illustrates the production capacity of 2014-15 session.
Particulars Unit Production Production during this
Capacity period
Grey Fabric (weaving) Yards 3,426,500 194,277
Woven dyed Fabric Yards 21,600,000 21,276,251
Source: HFL Annual Report 2014-15
1.6 Project Cost & Net Profit:

The following table illustrates the Total revenue, cost of goods sold & net profit of 2014-15
& 2013-14 session.
Particulars 2014-15 (Taka) 2013-14 (Taka)
Revenue 1,782,564,422 2,198,620,623
Cost of goods sold 1,318,795,208 1,536,430,904
Gross profit 463,769,214 662,189,719
Profit before tax 157,872,216 305,583,433
Net profit 135,565,074 272,587,692
1.7 Different Departments:

 Administration  Dyeing  Store & Inventory
 Laboratory &  Finishing Control
Pilot Plant  Inspection  Planning
 Quality Assurance  Utility &  Marketing
 Pretreatment Maintenance
1.8 Physical infrastructure:

The industry is built in such a way that there is possibility for further expansion of the mill.
These are made of solid hard concrete & brick metals. The whole area is surrounded by
safety brick wall. The main set up for m/c’s are built of corrugated iron & iron sheet,
transparent hard plastics with enough ventilation & scope for passing light & air. The Hamid
Fabrics Ltd. is one of the most efficient & beautiful industry in Bangladesh.

2.1 Total Manpower Strength:
In Hamid Fabrics Ltd., there is a central controller that is Managing Director, who controls
the entire company. Besides him there are also Director & General Manager who control the
factory itself. All the departments are controlled by respective departmental head i.e.
Manager. The following table illustrates the total manpower strength.
Serial Dept. Officer Staff Worker Labor Total

No.
01 Admin 07 60 21 00 88
02 Security 00 20 00 00 20
03 Cleaning 00 03 11 00 14
04 Planning 05 01 00 00 06
05 Accounts 08 01 00 00 09
06 Store 14 07 34 00 55
07 Civil 03 01 10 00 14
08 Electrical 07 04 19 00 30
09 Mechanical 07 05 22 00 34
10 Utility 00 08 14 00 22
11 Sample 00 04 02 00 06
12 Laboratory 06 13 00 00 19
13 QC 09 15 00 00 24
14 Pilot plant 06 09 00 00 15
15 Preparation 10 04 71 00 85
16 Dyeing 10 06 66 00 82
17 Finishing 09 05 34 00 48
18 Inspection 10 06 74 00 90
& rolling
19 IT 01 00 00 00 01
20 Yarn dyeing 09 00 07 00 16
21 Head office 07 00 00 00 07
22 Casual 00 00 00 12 12
labor
Total 128 172 385 12 697

2.2 Organogram:
In Every department of Hamid Fabrics Ltd. follows the following organogram.
Managing Director
Chief Operating
Officer
General Manager
Assistant General
Manager
Manager
Assistant Manager
Executive
Jr. Executive
Supervisor
Operator
Worker
2.3 Shift Change:

Textile Industry run 24 hours a day continuously in different shifts. In Hamid Fabrics Ltd
employees work in following shifts
 Shift A : From 6.00A.M to 2.00 P.M
 Shift B : From 2.00 P.M to 10.00 P.M
 Shift C : From 10.00 P.M to 6.00 A.M
 General Shift : From 9.00 A.M to 6.00 P.M

2.4 Responsibilities of officers:
1. To collect necessary information from previous shift for smooth running of the section
2. To match production sample with target shade
3. To discuss with production manager about overall production if necessary.
4. To identify disputed fabrics & report to production manager for necessary action.
5. To execute overall floor work
6. To supervise personal working under him
7. Batch preparation
8. To sign the store requisition.
2.5 Job description of the officers:
Report to: Assistant Production Manager

Job Summary: To plan, execute & follow up the production activities & control the quality.

3.1.1 Lab: Laboratory is the heart of dyeing section. An efficient laboratory can increase the
efficiency of dyeing. So, laboratory in-charge is sometimes called pilot. Before bulk
production a sample is sent to buyer for approval. Laboratory supplies the recipe to the floor.
Objective of Laboratory:
 Get color approval from buyer.
 Recipe supply to the floor.
 Shade correction.
 Minimize the deviation between bulk and laboratory.

Section Layout of Dyeing Lab:
Basin &
Hot Water
Dissolve Table
Steaming Padder Padder Padder
Machine
Dyes & Chemical

Pad Steam
Machine
Room
Stenter
Machine
Stenter
Machine
Ironing
M/C
Presentation Table
Entry
File Shelf
Fabric
Quality Lab
Entry

Section Lay out of Checking Shade of Dyed Sample:
XENON
Test
Spectrophotometer
Chamber
Light Box
Manager Table
Entry File Shelf
3.1.2 Activities of Laboratory:
Lab Dip:
A lab dip is a swatch of fabric test dyed to hit a color standard. It is a process by which
buyer’s supplied swatch is matched with the varying dyes percentage in the laboratory with
or without help of spectrophotometer. Lab dip plays an important role in shade matching &
this is an important task before bulk production.
Objective of Lab Dip:

The main objectives in lab dip are as follows:
1. To calculate the recipe for sample dyeing.
2. To compare dyed sample with swatch by light Box or Spectrophotometer.
3. To calculate revise recipe for sample dyeing.
4. Finally approved Lab Dip (Grade: A, B, C & D)
There are different matching systems followed in Labs. They are:
1. Tube light matching.
2. Sun light matching.
3. Ultra Violet matching.
4. Sodium light matching.
3.1.3 Process Sequence of Lab Work:

Lab dip plays an important role in Dyeing process. Bulk dyeing process completely depends
on the lab dip development work. Lab dip is completely managed as the following sequence:
Lab Dip Requisition from buyer

↓
Entry in the computer
↓
First recipe is given by swatch/pantone number
↓
First correction
↓
Second correction
↓
Grading of sample (A, B, C, D)
↓
Send for buyer’s approval
↓
Approved by buyer
↓
Order for bulk production
↓
Production card with approved sample and recipe send to production section.

3.1.4 Sample Dyeing Methods:
There are different sample dyeing process followed in lab for buyer’s approval. They are as
given below:
 Vat Method.
 PDS (Pad Dry Pad Steam) Method.
 CPB (Cold Pad Batch) Method.
 CPB-NC Method.
 Pigment Method.
1. Vat Method:
Method: Pad Dry Pad Steam

Dye Stuff: Vat Dyes.
Material: 100% Cotton.
Recipe:
Serial No: Dyes & Chemical Amount
01. Dyes X gm/l
02. Albaflu Pad (Wetting Agent) 2 gm/l
03. Thermocol MP 10 gm/l
04. Citamol WS 2 gm/l
Alkaline Solution:
01. Glauber Salt 65-75 gm/l
02. Caustic Soda (Flakes) 50 gm/l
03. Sodium Hydrosulfide 50-65 gm/l
For Oxidation:
01. Hydrogen peroxide 3-5 ml/l
02. Soda Ash 1 gm/l

Process Sequence:
Pad ( Vat Dyes, PU-60%)
Dry (120℃, 2-3 min)
Pad (Alkaline Solution)
Steaming at 102℃, 1min
Cold Rinse
Oxidation
Soaping (2 min)
Hot Rinse
Cold Rinse
Dry

Process Description:
A) Padding :
For 200ml solution preparation
1. Take dyes
2. Add some water
3. Add 2ml Alba Flow Pad
4. Add 10ml Thermocol MP
5. Add Cetamol WS
6. Stire the solution until it dissolves then padding is done.
B) Dyeing:
1. Take dyeing solution in dye bath and complete coloration
2. Dry the colored fabric in oven for 2 minutrs
3. Fix the color with vat chemical through steaming in pad steam Machine
Vat chemical: Glauber salt: 70gm/L
Soda Ash: 5gm/L
Hydrose: 75gm/L
Caustic: 60gm/L
C) Oxidation:
1. Take the sample in a mug and rinse it
2. Carry on oxidation process by rinsing the fabric with 16ml Hydrogen peroxide and 6gm
Soda in 2L water for 2 minutes.
D) Washing:
1. Wash in water
2. Wash again in hot water
3. Wash with Abla Flow pad mixed with water
4. Squeeze by padder
5. Iron the fabric
6. Send for color check

2. PDS (Pad Dry Pad Steam) Method:
Method: Pad Dry Pad Steam

Dye Stuff: Reactive Dyes.
Recipe:
01. Dyes X gm/l
Alkaline Solution:
01. Glauber Salt 250 gm/l
02. Caustic Soda 15 gm/l
03. Soda Ash 20 gm/l
Process Sequence:
Pad ( Reactive Dyes, PU-60%)
Dry (120℃, 2-3 min)
Pad (Alkaline Solution)
Cold Rinse
Soaping (2 min)
Hot Rinse
Cold Rinse
Dry

A) Dyeing Solution Preparation:
1. At first in a beaker dyes are taken
2. Then little water is added and stired for several minutes
3. Then Thermocol MP is added
4. Then 2ml/L Alba Flow Pad is added
5. Then rest of the beaker is filled with required water
6. Then mixed solution is stirred until it dissolves
B) Dyeing:
1. Dyeing solution is kept on the dyeing bath of Padder Machine
2. Machine is started and fabric passes through dyeing bath and then squeezed by padder
3. Dyeing is completed
C) Fixing:
Fixing consist of several processes. In fact total fixing process takes much longer time than
dyeing itself.
1. Drying: The dyed fabric is dried in oven at 100℃ temperature for 1 minute
2. Fixing via PDS chemical: Then the fabric is treated with PDS chemical in padder Machine.
PDS chemical is a mixture of 3 chemicals with certain concentration as follows
PDS Chemical:
Glauber Salt: 250gm/L
Soda Ash: 20gm/L
Caustic: 6gm/L
3. Steaming: Then the fabric is treated with steam in a steamer at 100℃ temperature for 1
minute
4. Cold Washing: Fabric is then washed in cold water
5. Hot Washing with Cylalone-XC: Fabric is then washed in hot water with 2ml of Cylalone-
XC. 6. Hot washing with water: Then fabric is again hot washed this time with only water
7. Then fabric is ironed with an iron machine.

3. CPB (Cold Pad Batch) Method:
Method: Cold Pad Batch

Recipe:
01. Dyes X gm/l
03. Sodium Silicate 50 ml/l
04 Caustic Soda 10-30 ml/l
Alkaline Solution:
01. Sodium Silicate 50 gm/l
02. Caustic Soda 10-30 gm/l
Process Sequence:
Pad ( Reactive Dyes+ Alkaline Solution 4:1, PU-60%)
Batching (Microwoven, 30 min)
Cold Rinse
Hot Soaping (2 min)
Hot Rinse
Cold Rinse
Dry

1. Take Dyes
2. Add some water
3. Stirring the solution.
4. Add CPB chemical
CPB chemical for dyeing:
Na Silicate 50 ml/L
Caustic 10-30 ml/L
Alba Flow Pad 2ml/L
5. Dyeing in CPB Machine

6. Drying for 20-30 minutes in micro woven.
7. Washing with cold water.
8. Soap Wash in 2 minute.
9. Washing with hot water.
10. Washing with cold water.
11. Drying by dryer.
12. Ironing by an iron.
13. Cut a small piece to send with lab dip for color match.
Note: Alkaline solution must be adding 4:1 ratio.

Batching time 15-30 minutes at room temperature. Before fixation microwave can improve
result.

4. CPB-NC (Cold Pad Batch) Method:
Method: Cold Pad Batch-NC

Recipe:
01. Dyes X gm/l
03. Sodium Silicate 40 ml/l
04 Soda Ash 15 gm/l
05. Urea 30gm/l
Process Sequence:
Pad (Reactive Dyes mix with urea solution, PU-60%)
Batching (Microwoven, 30 min)
Cold Rinse
Hot Soaping (2 min)
Hot Rinse
Cold Rinse
Dry

5. Pigment (Pad Dry Thermofix) Method:
Method: Pad Dry Thermofix.

Recipe:
01. Dyes X gm/l
03. Thermocol MP 10 ml/l
04 Soda Ash 10 gm/l
05. Urea 50-100 gm/l
Process Sequence:
Pad (Reactive Dyes, PU-
60%)
Dry ( 120℃, − )
Curing (160℃, . )
Cold Rinse
Soaping (2 min)
Cold Rinse
Dry

3.1.5 Specifications of Machine Used in Dyeing Lab:
1. Rapid Padder:
Brand: Rapid
Origin: China
Speed: 0-20 rpm
Standard Speed During Dyeing: 10 rpm
Standard pressure Applied by padder: 2 bar
Voltage: 220 V
2. CPB Padder:
Brand: Roaches
Origin: England
Voltage: 230 V
3. Steaming Machine:
Brand: Roaches
Origin: England.
Standard Temperature: 100℃
Voltage: 400 V
4. Pad Steam:
Brand: Rapid
Origin: China

5. Stenter Machine:
Brand: Rapid
Origin: China
Model: R-3
Temperature Range: 0-200 ℃
Standard Temperature: 100 ℃
Standard Process duration: 1-2 minute.
Voltage: 380 V
6. Micro-Oven:
Brand: P Selecta
Origin: Spain
Temperature Range: 0-250 ℃
Voltage: 230
7. Rapid Padder:
Brand: Rapid
Origin: China
Speed: 0-20 rpm
Standard Speed During Dyeing: 10 rpm
Voltage: 220 V

3.1.6 Machineries at the Section of checking shade of dyed sample:
1. Spectrophotometer:
A spectrophotometer is used for the quantitative measurement of the
reflection or transmission properties of a material as a function of wavelength. It
measures reflected or transmitted light across a light spectrum. The resulting data
creates a visual curve. Spectral measurements ensure that color is consistent across
varying substrates and production processes .It detect the percentage of coloring
material in a substance.
Functions:
1. Recipe Formulation
2. Shade Matching with standard.
3. Grey Scale Assessment.
4. Whiteness Assessment.
5. Strength Assessment.
Specifications:
Machine Name: GretagMacbeth
Model: Color-Eye-700A

2. Light Box:
A light box is a physical emitter of light where different light sources are
present. It is used for visual shade matching of dye particle under different light
sources because today’s complex color requirements a shade cannot always be
assumed under one light source.
Functions:
1. Visual assessment of color by reflectance & transmission.
2. Mainly used for shade matching.
3. To check Metamerism of the fabric.
Different Types of Illuminants:

Symbol Full meaning Functions
UV Ultra- violet Used for white color matching
F Fluorescent light Check the Metamerism of the
fabric
TL84 Tube light (Tungsten Check the Metamerism of the
fluorescent light) fabric
TL83 Tube light (Tungsten Check the Metamerism of the
fluorescent light) fabric
A Inca (Tungsten fluorescent Check the Metamerism of the
light) fabric
D65 Artificial day light Used for color matching

3.2.1Pilot Plant: Pilot Plant is one of the main section of dyeing. Pilot Plant in-charge is
sometimes called pilot. An efficient pilot can increase the efficiency of dyeing. Before bulk
production a sample is sent to buyer for approval. After approving the sample the sample
then run in pilot plant before bulk production. It is mainly same as floor of dyeing.
3.2.2 Functions of Pilot Plant:
 To produce lab dip.
 To produced Sample.
 To produce sample before production.
 Process development.

Section Layout of Pilot Plant:
Recipe Formulation Table

Entry
Managers
Hot Water
Room
Pad Steam
Besin
Table
Machine
Mini Jigger
Machine
Micro-
woven
Controlling
unit
Presentation Table
Mini
Thermosol
Machine
Dyes & Chemical Shelf

3.2.3 Dyeing Methods in Pilot Plant:
There are different dyeing process followed in Pilot Plant. They are as given below:
 Vat Method.  PD-CPD Method
 PDS (Pad Dry Pad Steam) Method.  CPB Method
1. Vat Method:
Recipe:
01. Dyes X gm/l
04. Citamol WS 2 gm/l
Alkaline Solution:
01. Glauber Salt 65-75 gm/l
02. Caustic Soda (Flakes) 50 gm/l
03. Sodium Hydrosulfide 50-65 gm/l
For Oxidation:
01. Hydrogen peroxide 3-5 ml/l
02. Soda Ash 1 gm/l
Process Sequence:
Padding, Drying & Curing in Mini Thermosol
Machine
Pading & Steaming with Alkaline Solution in

Pad Steam Machine
Cold Rinse
Oxidation
Soaping (2 min)
Hot Rinse
Cold Rinse
Dry

2. PDS (Pad Dry Steam) Method:
Recipe:
01. Dyes X gm/l
Alkaline Solution:
01. Glauber Salt 250 gm/l
02. Caustic Soda 15 gm/l
03. Soda Ash 20 gm/l
Process Sequence:
Pad, Dry & Curing in Mini Thermosol Machine
Padding in Pad Steam Machine
Cold Rinse
Soaping (2 min)
Hot Rinse
Cold Rinse
Dry

3.2.4 Specifications of Machine Used in Pilot Plant:
1. Mini Thermosol Machine:
Brand: Rapid
Origin: Taiwan
Model No: 8005
Speed: Vat-5 rpm
PDS- 10rpm
Temperature Drying- 150 ℃
Curing- 200 ℃
Standard pressure Applied by padder: 1-3 bar
Voltage: 220 V
Power: 25 KW
PH: 3
No of IR: 6+6 = 12
2. Pad Steam Machine:
Brand: Rapid
Origin: Taiwan
Model No: 8003
Temperature: 100 ℃
Pressure: 1 bar
Dwell Time: Vat: 80 Sec.
PDS: 90 Sec.

Machine used in different Section:
 Pretreatment Section
 Dyeing Section
 Finishing Section
 Inspection Section

4.1 Pretreatment Section:
Section Layout of Pretreatment Section:
Rotating Singeing & De-sizing

Stations
Machine
Manager’s ENTRY
Room
Scouring & Bleaching Machine

Caustic Recovery plant
Mercerizing Machine
Laying
Section
(Grey Fabric
Inspection)

4.1.1 Grey Fabric Inspection Machine:
Machine Specification:
BRAND: Shiaw tai tong
ORIGIN: Taiwan
NO. OF MACHINE: 2
4.1.2 Singeing & De-Sizing Machine:

TYPES OF THE MACHINE Gas singeing & enzymatic de-sizing machine
BRAND Kuster
BURNER Osthoff
ORIGIN Germany
NO.OF BURNER 2 in opposite flame direction
NO.OF BRUSHING UNIT 2
PADDER PRESSURE 0.2-0.4 bar
BATCHING TIME 12 hours
LENGTH OF FABRIC REQUIRED 50m
TO PASS THE MACHINE
CAPACITY ON A SINGLE 4000m
BATCH
Different parts of the Machine:

1. Guider: It guides and draws fabric in to the Machine
2. Tension roller: It puts sufficient pressure on the fabric
3. Tension roller controller: It controls the tension of tension roller
4. Brush: It raises the fiber of thee fabric so that they can be burned off the fabric easily
5. Burner: It burns the fibers raised from fabric surface to provide a smooth appearance. It
is powered by gas to make flame.
6. Draw roller: It draws fabric from one place to another in the Machine
7. Chemical bath: It is a bath containing de-sizing chemical. Here chemicals react with
size material and degrades them partially
8. Padder: It squeezes extra chemical from fabric

9. Rotating stations: It is a batcher filled with treated fabric that rotates for a certain time
period to accomplish the de-sizing. Here enzymes reacts with size material and
degrades them. For proper de-sizing enzyme requires a certain time which is around 8-
12 hours. After that fabric is washed to remove degraded size material.
4.1.3 Scouring & Bleaching Machine:

BRAND KUSTER
ORIGIN GERMANY
CAPACITY 6000 m/day
SPEED 600 m/min
FABRIC LENGTH TO PASS 500 m
THROUGH THE MACHINE
Different parts of the machine:

1. J-box: Here fabric can be stored if necessary.
2. Guider: It guides and draws fabric in to the Machine.
3. Tension roller: It puts sufficient pressure on the fabric.
4. Pre washer: here fabric is washed before treating with chemical.
5. Tension roller controller: It controls the tension of tension roller.
6. Draw roller: It draws fabric from one place to another in the Machine.
7. Flex nip: It is a bath containing scouring & bleaching chemical. Here chemicals react
with textile material.
8. Dryer: Here fabric is dried.
9. Cooling line: It cools fabric.
10. Steamer: It is a closed container that treats fabric with steam to complete scouring &
bleaching.

4.1.4 Mercerizing Machine:
BRAND KYOTA
ORIGIN JAPAN
SPEED 45 m/min
FABRIC LENGTH REQUIRED 275m
TO PASS THROUGH THE
MACHINE
Parts of the machine:

1. J-box: Here fabric can be stored if necessary
2. Pressure padder: To put pressure to penetrate chemicals into fabric
3. Guider: It guides and draws fabric in to the Machine
4. Tension roller: It puts sufficient pressure on the fabric
5. Tension roller controller: It controls the tension of tension roller
6. Draw roller: It draws fabric from one place to another in the Machine
7. Dryer: Here fabric is dried
8. Cooling line: It cools fabric
9. Caustic bath: It contains caustic solution that mercerize cotton
10. Chain: It keeps fabric straight
11. Disk: It drives chain
4.1.5 Caustic Recovery Plant:

BRAND UNITOP
ORIGIN TAIWAN
No of Preheater 4
No of Flash Vessel 4
No of Heater 4
No of Steam Trap 3
No of Flow Indicator 4
No of Cond. Flash Tank 4
Valve 9

4.2 Dyeing Section:
Section layout of Dyeing Section:
Light box
Manager’s room
CPB
Thermosol Machine
Machine
Rotating
station
Pad steam machine
Jigger
machine
Machine
Washing

4.2.1 Thermosol Machine:
Brand (Operating board & padder) KUSTER
Brand (Burner & plan board) BRUCKNER
Origin Germany
Machine speed 65 m/min
No. of roller 169
Fabric length to pass through machine 220
Temperature 95℃-100℃ in burners

135℃-155℃ in IR
Major defining parts of Thermosol machine:

1. IR: Infra-Red Burner
2. Blower: A device that blows wind through burners
3. Pit Roller
4. Drying chamber: Here fabric is dried
5. Burner: It provides heat for drying
6. Winder: It lays the fabric properly in delivery zone
4.2.2 Pad Steam Machine:
Brand Kuster
Origin Germany
Speed 60 m/min
Fabric length to pass through the 235 m
machine
4.2.3 CPB (Chemical Pad Batch) Machine:

Brand Kusterk
Origin Germany
Speed 45 m/min
Dye making bath 200 L
Chemical making bath 175 L
Chemical store tank 1000 L
Fabric length required to pass 25 m
through the machine

4.2.4 Washing Machine:
Brand Kuster
Origin Germany
Speed 50 m/min
Fabric length require to pass through 250 m
the machine
Temperature 50℃ in normal wash bath,
70℃ in detergent wash bath,
50℃ in acid wash bath,
110℃ in dryer
Pressure 0.5bar in normal wash bath,
0.6bar in detergent wash bath,
0.5bar in acid wash bath
4.2.5 Jigger Machine:
It is a versatile machine that can performs various processes like scouring, bleaching, dyeing,
stripping etc.
In Hamid Fabrics Ltd jigger is mostly used for stripping of defectively dyed fabrics.
Brand Sung Moo
Origin Korea
Model SM80-300
No of Machine 2
Capacity 1200-2000 kg solution, 3000 m fabric.

4.3 Finishing Section:
Section Layout of Finishing Section:
Stenter machine
Stenter machine
Managers room
Sanforizing machine
Sanforizing machine
Emerizing Carbon Brush Diamond Brush

Sueding Sueding
Machine
Machine Machine

4.3.1 Stenter Machine:
Machine specification:
Brand Bruckner
Origin Germany
Speed 50-80 m/min
through the machine
Capacity 6000 m/day
Pressure of padder 2 bar
Temperature of burners 130℃ − 170℃
No of Machine 2
4.3.2 Sanforizing Machine:

Brand Monforts
Model E.U.A Kombi
Origin Germany
through the machine
Capacity 80000 m/day
Speed 50 m/min
Applied pressure Steam drum : 3-5 bar
Steam Cylinder: 2.5 bar
Rubber blanket: 4.5bar
4.3.3 Carbon Brush Sueding Machine:

Machine name Carbon brush sueding machine
Brand Unitech
Origin Italy
4.3.4 Diamond Brush Sueding Machine:

Machine name Diamond brush sueding machine
Brand Dantipaolo
Origin Italy

4.4 Inspection Section:
Section layout of Inspection Section:
8
Managers
Room
7
6 Enter
5
Inspection machine
4
Roll fabric
(Waiting for delivery)
3
Emergency
exit
Rejected & cut piece fabric

4.4.1 Inspection Machine:
Machine name Inspection Machine
Brand Shiaw Tai Tong
Origin Taiwan
kVoltage AC 380V
No of the Machine 8

In Hamid Fabrics Ltd. there are various types of raw materials which are needed to carry out
the production of fabric. The raw materials are purchased from various sources. The quality
of raw material is also ensured before they accept the raw materials. Raw materials are one of
the important issues to produce good quality of fabric. So they source the raw materials from
foreign or local market where they find better quality.
5.1 Types of Materials:

1. Grey Fabric: The different construction of grey fabric is used in dyeing & finishing
process. These are:
100% Cotton Twill/Blended Fabric , Canvas , Oxford , Rib, Ottoman , Herringbone ,
Calico , Poplin , Broken Twill , Matt , Dobby , Stretch Fabric , Cotton Linen ,
Bedford Cord
2. Dyes & Chemicals: The different types of dyes & chemicals are used for running the
dyeing & finishing process: These are:
Dyes Chemicals
Reactive & Vat Dyes: Basic Chemical : Dyeing Chemical :

Remazol Ultra Yellow Acetic Acid Thermocal MP
RGBN Caustic soda Flake Albaflow Pad
Remazol M/N.Black RGB Hydrogen Peroxide Satamol WS
01 Sodium Urea
Remazol Ultra Red RGB Sulphate(G.Salt)
Remazol Ultra Crimson Sodium Cyelanon XC-W
RGB Hydrosulfite(Hyd)
Remazol Ultra Navy Blue Soda Ash Primasol V
RGB Sodium Silicate Primasol N F
Remazol Grey SAM Oxalic Acid Seragal MIP
Remazol Navy RGB Dekol SN
Remazol Green 6BT Vitexol PFA
Pretreatment Finishing Chemical:
Levafix Fast Red CA
Chemical:
Levafix Blue CA Kieralon FRHP Belfasin 55 Cone
Levafix Amber CAN Lufibrol Red Siligen SIH
Levafix Olive CA Lufibrol EX Siligen SIE
Bezaktiv Blue VP2238/S- Kieralon Jet B-Conc Siligen SIS
2G Prest.Stabilizer D Perapret PEP
Bezaktiv Blue SRN Kieralon(wash) F- Belfasin 44 CONC
Bezaktiv Red HP-3B ALB V-PI-B
Bezaktiv NAVY S-CR Cottoclarin-BLN Belfasin 2597

Bezaktiv Cosmos Red SC CONC V-PI-B
Bezaktiv Red S-LF Lufibrol MSD Catalyst FM
Jinlong VAT Brown BR Foryl LN Fixapret (Resin)F-
Eco
Jinlong VAT Brown G
Stabilol ZM Fixapret (Resin) -CL
Jinlong VAT Blue - RSN
Securon - 540 ReSin C D 281
Jinlong VAT Olive T
Securon - C ReSin F-ECO
Jinlong VAT Olive MW
Forylase AT Ultratex SI
Jinlong VAT Grey RBN Ultratex FMI
Jinlong VAT Black RB Terpex ACN
Jinlong VAT Red FBB Quat ET Plus
Ultraphore AUX-NY
Cyelanon NYX
5.2 Source of Materials:
The woven fabric is supplied from two units of Hamid fabrics ltd. These are:
1. Hamid Weaving Mills Ltd, Unit-III
2. Tazrian Weaving Mills Ltd, Unit-IV.
HFL purchases yarn for these weaving mills ltd from following yarn manufacturing
company.
1. Square Limited.
2. Sinha & Opex Group
3. Sudan yarn.
4. Arti International Limited.
5. Sunray yarn. etc.
5.3 Task of Material Management:
 Fabric should keep carefully
 Fabric defect should minimize with requirements of buyer
 Yarn should keep in better place with carefully
 Dyes & Chemicals selection should be accurate
 Dyes & Chemicals should keep with perfect measurement
 Whole of the materials should remain perfectly

Grey Fabric in
Pretreatment
Dyeing
Finishing
Inspection
Delivery

6.1 Pretreatment Section:
Sequence of Operation
Grey inspection
Laying
Sewing
Singeing & de-sizing
Scouring & Bleaching
Mercerising
6.1.1 Singeing : Singeing is a process applied to both yarns and fabrics to produce an even
surface burning off projecting fibres, yarn ends, and fuzz. This is accomplished by passing
the fibre or yarn over a gas flame or heated copper plates at a speed sufficient to burn away
the protruding material without scorching or burning the yarn or fabric.
Singeing can be done by various methods such as plate singeing, roller singeing, gas
singeing. In Hamid fabrics ltd Gas singeing Machine is used for singeing.
Objects of singeing:
1. To remove hairy fibres projecting on the surface of cloth.
2. To increase luster in the finished fabric.
3. To give the smoothen surface.
6.1.2 De-sizing: De-sizing is a process by which size materials from warp yarn in woven
fabric is removed. For de-sizing a de-sizing agent is used which degrades the size material.
De-sizing can be done in various process such as Chlorite de-sizing, Bromite de-sizing,
Rot steeping, Acid steeping, Alkali steeping, Enzymatic de-sizing.
In Hamid fabrics ltd Enzymatic de-sizing is used which uses enzyme that degrades size
material of fabric.
Objects of de-sizing:
1. To remove starch from the fabric.
2. To increase absorbency of the fabric.
3. To increase luster of dyeing & printing.

In Hamid fabrics ltd singeing & de-sizing are carried out successively in a single
Machine consists both singeing and de-sizing parts.
Process Sequence:
Drawing fabric into Machine by guider
Brushing the fabric to raise fibers
Passing over burners to burn projecting

fibers
Brushing again
Drawing fabric in - tank containing de-

sizing chemical
Squeezing by padder
Batching
Complete de-sizing by keep the batch

rotating for 12 hours
Washing
Recipe for de-sizing:

Serial no. Chemical Amount
1 Beisol SED 1g/l
2 Felson RGN 5g/l
3 Sequren C 3g/l
4 Acetic acid .3g/l
Temperature 60℃
PH 5.5-6.0
6.1.3 Scouring: Scouring is a process of removing the impurities such as oil, wax, fat, dirt
and dust from the textile material to make it hydrophilic.

Objects of scouring:
1. To make the fabric highly hydrophilic.
2. To remove impurities such as oil, waxes, gum etc.
3. To increase absorbency of fabric without undergoing physical & chemical change.
6.1.4 Bleaching: Bleaching is the process by which textile material becomes white by the
destruction of natural color matters of fiber.
Objects of bleaching:
1. To ensure a pure and permanent basic white color fabric.
2. Destruction of natural coloring matters from the fabric.
3. To increase absorbing for dyeing operation.
4. To ensure level dyeing property.
In Hamid Fabrics Ltd scouring & bleaching are carried out together in the same
machine.
Process Sequence:
Drawing fabric into Machine
Store fabric in J-box
Pre wash
Chemical application on fabric in Flexnip
Steaming in steamer for 20 minutes
Competition of scouring & bleaching
Washing
Drying
Cooling by cooling line
Drawing fabric on batcher

Recipe:
Serial no Chemical Amount
1 Wetting agent 1 g/l
2 Detergent 2 g/l
3 Sequestering agent 1 g/l
4 Caustic soda 4 g/l
5 Hydrogen per oxide( ) 4 g/l
6 Peroxide stabilizer 1 g/l
Temperature 95℃ at wash bath

97℃ at steamer
110℃ at dryer
P.H. 10.5
6.1.5 Mercerizing: It is a process by which luster & smoothness of fabric is improved by

treating with alkali solution. In this process alkali absorbed by cotton fiber and then cross
sectional shape of cotton is changed to kidney shape to circular shape thus increasing its
luster, absorption and other properties.
Objectives of mercerization:
1. Increase tensile strength.
2. Improved hygroscopicity & dye affinity.
3. Improved smoothness & lusture.
4. Improved dimensional stability and physical compactness.
5. 20-30% dye & chemical save while dyeing after mercerization.
Process sequence:
Fabric is drawn into machine
Padding in alkaline liquor
Squeezing by squeezer roller
Washing at 85℃ temperature
Neutralization in acid solution
Washing again
Drying
Drawing fabric in batch

6.2 Dyeing Section:
Dyeing is the most important stage in Textile processing. Without it, we can’t get a
proper colorful textile material. Because dyeing is “the process of coloring fibers, yarns or
fabrics by using a liquid containing coloring matter for imparting a particular hue to a
substance.” Dyeing of a fabric can be done by different procedure.
In Hamid Fabrics Ltd, The Major Woven Dyeing processes are:
1. Vat Dyeing Process
2. PDS Dyeing Process
3. CPB Dyeing Process
& these processes are to be performed in different machine with different working principle.
The machines are:
1. Thermosol & Pad Steam Machine
2. CPB & Washing Machine
3. Jigger Machine
6.2.1 Vat Dyeing Process:

Process Sequence:
Preparation of dye chemical with dyes and chemicals
Dyeing in thermosol
Drying
Color fixing in pad steam by vat chemical and steam
Oxidation
Cold Wash
Hot wash
Acetic acid wash
Squeezing
Drying

Dyeing recipe :
Serial no Dyeing chemical Amount
1 Dyes As required
2 Alba flow pad 2 g/l
3 Thermocol MP 10 g/l
Serial no Fixing chemical Amount
1 Glauber salt 60 g/l
2 Caustic 60 g/l
3 Hydrose 60 g/l
4 Soda ash 5 g/l
6.2.2 PDS Dyeing Process:

Process sequence:
Preparation of dye chemical with dyes and

chemicals
Dyeing in thermosol
Drying
Color fixing in pad steam by PDS

chemical and steam
Cold Wash
Hot wash
Squeezing
Drying

Dyeing recipe:
1 Dyes As required
2 Alba flow pad 2 g/l
3 Thermocol MP 10 g/l
Serial no Fixing chemical Amount
1 Glauber salt 250 g/l
2 Caustic 6 g/l
3 Soda ash 20 g/l
6.2.3 CPB Dyeing Process:

Process sequence:
Preparation of dye chemical
with dyes and chemicals
Dyeing in CPB
Drying
Color fixing
Hot Wash
Cold wash
Squeezing
Drying
Dyeing recipe :
1 Dyes As required
2 Silicate 50 g/l
3 Caustic 30 g/l

6.2.4 Thermosol & Pad Steam Machine:
Sequence of operation:
Drawing fabric in thermosol
Store fabric in J-box
Chemical bath if necessary
Padding to penetrate dye chemical
Drying (40%) by IR
Drying (60%) in drying chamber by

burners
Collecting fabric
Sending fabric to pad steam for

fixation of dye
Drawing fabric in pad steam
Store fabric in J-box if necessary
Applying fixing chemical in

chemical bath
Steaming in steamer
Cold wash in wash bath
Hot wash in wash bath
Drying by dryer
Cooling by cold dryer
Collecting fabric on batcher

6.2.5 CPB & Washing Machine:
Sequence of operation:
Drawing fabric into the machine
Cooling by cooling roller powered by

cold water
Application dyeing chemical in dye

bath
Squeeze by padder
Collecting fabric in batcher
Rotating fabric in rotating

station for color fixing
Sending dyed fabric to washing

machine
Drawing fabric into washing machine
Normal wash
Detergent wash
Acetic acid wash
Squeezing by padder
Drying by dryer
Cooling by cooler
Collecting fabric

6.2.6 Jigger machine:
Process sequence for stripping by jigger:
Fill tank with 200L water

↓
Mount fabric on roller in machine

↓
Add caustic 10kg to make solution

↓
In 95C fabric is folded and unfolded from one roller ton another roller through this solution
for 8 rounds
↓
Drain
↓
Hot wash with water for 4 rounds at 95C temperature

↓
Add new water 200L

↓
Add 12kg hydrous and 2kg caustic to make new solution

↓
Fabric is treated in this solution for 6 rounds

↓
Drain
↓
Hot wash at 90C for 4 rounds

↓
Cold wash for 1 round

↓
Add 200L new water and 500g acetic acid and treated in this solution for 2 rounds
↓

Drain
↓
Overflow container with cold water and treated in this water for 2 rounds
↓
Drain
↓
Take fabric out
6.3 Finishing Section:

Textile finishing is a term commonly applied to different processes that the textile
materials undergo after different treatment to enhance their attractiveness and sale appeal as
well as comfort and effectiveness. A finish is done to a fabric after knitting or weaving to
change its appearance handle and performance. Textile finishing involves treating the fabric
in such a way that the product has the desired aesthetic and functional properties required for
its intended use and therefore has a great market value.
Objectives of finishing:
 To improve attractiveness
 To achieve required properties
 To improve serviceability
 To improve comfort and usefulness.
6.3.1 Stenter Machine:

Process sequence:
Drawing fabric into machine
Applying finishing chemical
Controlling skew and bow
Width adjusting
Drying
Collecting fabric

Processes Performed:
1. Soft Finish
2. Hard Finish
3. White finish
4. Paper touch
5. Peach finish
6. Water repellant
Standard recipe for soft finish:
Serial no Finishing chemical Amount
1 Belfasin 5 g/l
2 Siligen SIS 10 g/l
3 AlbafixR 10 g/l
4 Acetic Acid 0.5 g/l
Standard recipe for white finish:
Serial no Finishing chemical Amount
1 Uvitex MST 1.5 g/l
2 Uvitex 2B 3 g/l
3 Siligen SIS 5 g/l
4 Parapret FPEB 5 g/l

6.3.2 Sanforizing Machine:
Process sequence:
Drawing fabric into machine
Damping
Steaming to make fabric soft
Shrinking
Ironing
Cooling
Collecting fabric
The major function of inspection department is to find out faults in fabric and their possible
remedies.
In Hamid Fabrics Ltd fabric is inspected as both grey and finished.
6.4.1 Types of inspection:
1. Grey inspection:
Inspection & grading of fabric quality is one of the important functions of quality control is
the grey or finished state. The grading of fabric is difficult task, taking two primary
considerations: as the frequency of effects & the seriousness of defects.
Grading has two primary functions: 1 st to classify fabrics according to standard qualities
based on the end use & customer demands and 2 nd is to supply information as to the qualities
actually being produced.
2. Final Inspection:
 All pieces will be graded on the base of 4 points per 100 linear yards mapping will be
done on each piece to ensure proper grading. Do not count more than 4 points per one
yard.
 All defects must be recorded & marked in final inspection & an accurate account of
points made to ensure proper grading,

 All fabrics must meet specifications,
 At the end of each piece of fabric, the inspector will add up total points & decide
whether the piece can be shipped as first quality or not, reworked, placed in lower
quality, or cut & upgraded for shipment. Fifteen yards or more can be shipped as first
quality,
 Quality control supervisor must approve the grading of all quality levels & check the
lower quality,
 Major or unsightly defects in the first & last yard of a roll or piece will be cut. All
defects of one yard length or more will be cut of the piece. Defects within the first 2
inches or the last 2 inches of a piece will not be cut out or counted in the grading,
 Open defects on the back of fabric such as drops, runs & hanging picks are to be
included in the grading of the fabric,
 Pieces can be connected together, once each piece must be the same shade,
 All defects such as runs that extend more than a yard in length will be cut out.
6.4.2 Major fabric faults:

1. Crease mark
2. Miss pick
3. Shade variation
4. Stop mark
5. Foreign yarn
6. Mixed yarn
7. Thick/thin yarn
8. Knot
9. Line mark
10. Broken yarn
11. Slub
12. Drops mark
13. Dye stain
14. Dye resist
15. Oil spot
16. Hole

6.4.3 Inspection of Fabric by 4-point system:
Inspection of Fabric is a procedure by which the defects of fabrics are identified &
fabrics are classified according to degree or intensity of defects. In Hamid Fabrics
Ltd. fabric inspection is done by 4-point inspection system. The details of it is given
below-----
Fault Point
Band/ starting mark/shade bar 4-point
Lost end 4-point
1. Up to 5 mm dia = 1point
Oil spots 2. Up to 10 mm dia = 2 point
3. More than 10 mm dia = 4point
Slabs 1point
Embedded fly 4-point
Max. penalty point for any running yds(36”
4-point
× fabric width)
All hole 1-4-point(according to fault size)
Faults in both warp & weft receive equal
1-4-point(according to fault size)
points
1. Up to 0.05” = 1 point
Missing pick/double pick
2. Over 0.50” = 2 point
Yarn contamination according to the size 1point
Knot 1point
1. Fabric dark crease may be rejected,
Neps
2. Light crease may be considered
1. Up to 5 mm dia = 1point Up
Crease mark 2. to 10 mm dia = 2 point
Water drops 2. to 10 mm dia = 2 point
Dye resist 2. to 10 mm dia = 2 point
Dye stain 2. to 10 mm dia = 2 point
Dirty mark 2. to 10 mm dia = 2 point

Note for 4-point system:
1”-3” = 1 point
3”-6” = 2 point
6”-9” = 3 point
More than 9” = 4 point
Total points × 100 ×36

Points per 100 sq. yards =
Total length in yards × useable width in inch
6.4.4 Fabric flagging with sticker:
 Large 6 point major fault in either warp & weft should be fagged with arrow
marked sticker in the right hand side of the fabric,
 Holes, stains & soils should be flagged,
 Flags should be clearly visible when fabric is spread face up or face down,
 Flags should not be detached from the fabric during transportation & handling by
any means.
After Inspected the finished fabric, the fabrics are to be rolled & packing with Batch & other
specification number. Then the fabric is stay in waiting for delivery. When all clearance is
complete, then the fabric is to be delivered.

Quality Assurance:
The quality department is assigned to maintain consistently uniform quality of the material in
process and various stages of its manufacturing. Quality assurance department checks the
quality of a sample through different test and takes proper action to ensure desired quality.
7.1 Objects of Quality Assurance:
 Research,
 Selection of raw materials,
 Process control,
 Process development,
 Product testing,
 Specification test.
7.2 Activities of QA department:

In laboratory:
1. Prepare swatch card from buyer according to their requirement,
2. Recipe prediction for sample dyeing,
3. Sample dyeing until matching with swatch card,
4. Fastness & other tests of the fabric or yarn are done here.
In dyeing section:
1. According to the buyer's sample, sample dyeing is done in sample dyeing Machine in
dyeing shed &again matched with the approved sample,
2. If result is OK then bulk production,
3. During dyeing, samples are taken until accurate shade matching. The interval may be
30-40 min.
4. After dyeing sample is collected after softening matching is done,
5. Then sample is collected after fixation & matched,
6. Then allowed the fabrics to be finished.
In finishing section:
1. By using a series of finishing Machines correct width, softness & appearance are
maintained according to requirements,
2. Then sampling is done for several times to test GSM, shrinkage & fastness properties,
3. Finally fabric is inspected &prepared for delivery.

7.3 Test Performed in QA Department:
Physical Test Chemical Test
a. Tensile strength a. Color Fastness to Water
b. Tearing strength b. Color Fastness to wash
c. Lycra property c. Color Fastness to Perspiration
d. Piling test d. Absorbency Test
e. Abrasion test e. Hardness of water

f. Dimensional Stability
f. Rubbing test
g. Wicking test
g. Fabric width
h. test
h. Fabric GSM
i. Skewness
i. EPI & PPI
j. Count
k. Seam Slippage
7.4 Procedure of tests performed:

1. EPI & PPI:
 Machine used: Thread counter
 Procedure: 1 square inch samples are taken from a fabric, these samples are taken one
from the left, one from the right & other from the center threads of each samples are
counted both weft & warp wise.
2. Fabric GSM:
 Machine used: GSM cutter
 Performance standard: According to buyer's standard.
 Procedure: 3 samples are cut with GSM cutter. Find their average GSM.
3. Width test:
 Machine used: Measuring tape
 Procedure: Manual measurement by tape
4. Count:
 Machine used: Measuring Scale & Electric Balance.
 Procedure: Take yarn, then measure its length & weight by Measuring Scale &
Electric Balance respectively. Then Find its count by count calculation formula.

5. Tensile strength:
 Machine used: Titan universal Strength Tester.
 Manufacturer: James H. Heal & company, Halifax, England
 Procedure: A sample of 20cmX10cm is taken and placed on jaws of the Machine.
Machine increase its pressure on the sample until it breaks down. Final applied
pressure is shown on the display
6. Tear strength:
 Machine used: Tearing Tester
 Procedure: A sample of 10cm*6.3cm is taken and placed on the jaws of machine.
Jaws move opposite and tears the sample. Force applied is shown on the display.
7. Seam slippage:
 Machine used: Titan universal Strength Tester.
8. Abrasion resistance:
 Machine used: Nu-Martindale Abrasion & pilling Tester.
 Procedure:
o At first cut the fabric into 4 pieces according to the measurement of the
instrument.
o Weight these 4 pieces of fabric samples.
o Now place these samples in the instrument under a certain load as supplied in
the instrument.
o Now start the machine and observe the counter of abrasion no.
o After an abrasion of 200 bring out the first sample and weight it.
o After an abrasion of 300 bring out the second sample and weigh it.
o Similarly after abrasion of 400 and 500 bring out the third and fourth sample
and take their weight.
o Now put the weights before and after abrasions in a table and find out their
wear index.
9. Wicking test:
 18cm x 5 cm sample is cut from scoured sample.

 In a beaker 0.1% Royal Blue color is taken
 After that a marker is drawn at 1cm above from the sample bottom.
 Now the sample is hung from a wood stick supported by immersing that 1cm portion
of fabric in the dye liquor
 Then we measured the point up to which the colored solution in absorbed straight
above way by the sample in 5 min time
 Standard range 30-50 mm. Expt. Sample Average range is 30 mm
10. Fastness to wash:

 Fabric size: 10cm x 4 cm
 Temperature: 60°C
 Time: 30min.
 Chemical: Soap or detergent & soda.
 Operation procedure:
a) Adjust the Machine to maintain the required temperature & time as test
required,
b) Pre heat the canister & steel ball to set the temp, of the Machine,
c) Check the temp, by using thermometer,
d) Pour the container with the detergent,
e) Place the sample with adjacent fabric
f) Clamp on the cover & fasten the canister vertically into the color of the Machine,
g) Start the Machine,
h) Stop the Machine when the buzzer on after completion of the test,
i) Remove the sample from the can, wash properly & dry it.
11. Fastness to water:

 Machine used: Perspirometer chemical kit & carbolite incubator.
 Time: 4hrs.
 Chemical: No chemical used.
12. Fastness to perspiration:

 Machine used: Perspirometer chemical kit &carbolite incubator.

 Frequency: Whenever required.
 Time: 4hrs.
 Chemical: Acid, Alkali & Sea water.
13. Fastness to rubbing:

 Machine used: Crock meter.
 Manufacturer: James H. Heal & company, Halifax, England.
 Procedure : Take sample fabric , mount it on bed of crockmeter, take another white
bleached sample of 5cmX5cm and mount it on the finger of crockmeter and rub it
against sample fabric for 10 seconds and 10 cycles
 Remove the specimen and take a wet sample and rub it against the fabric sample
following above procedure
 Compare two sample using grey scale.
14. pH:
 Machine used: pH meter.
 Procedure: After production, collect 4m of fabric sample & dissolve in hot distilled
water of 200ml, then the sample with water is conditioning & test in the pH meter.
7.5 List of Equipment’s/ Machines used in QA:
1. GSM Cutter
2. Electric Balance
3. pH meter
4. Crock meter
5. Micro-Woven
6. Titan universal strength tester
7. Elmatear James H. Heal Digital Tear Tester
8. Nu Martindale Abrasion & Pilling tester
9. Incubator
10. Spray Tester
11. Gyrowash James H.Heal
12. Whirpool washing machine
13. Whirpool Drying machine

14. Orbitor Pilling & Snagging Tester
15. Q-Sun Xenon Test Chamber
16. Impulse Tumble pilling tester
7.6 Quality Standard Used for Different Tests:

Name of the Test Test Method
Fiber Content AATCC 20/20A-2007
Thread Count ASTM D 3775
Yarn Count ASTM D1059
Fabric Weight ISO 3801, ASTM D 3776-09
Fabric pH DIN EN1413
Dimensional Stability to washing ISO 6330, AATCC 135-2004
Skewness AATCC 124-2006
Tensile Strength BSEN ISO 13934-2, ASTM D 5034-09
Tear Strength BSEN ISO 13937-1, ASTM D 1424-09
Seam Slippage BSEN ISO 13936-1, ASTM D 434-95
Martindale Abrasion Tester BSEN ISO 12947-2, ASTM D 1514-09
Color Fastness to Crocking BSEN ISO 105X12, AATCC 8-2007
Color Fastness to Washing BSEN ISO 105C06, AATCC 61-2007
Color Fastness to Water BSEN ISO 105E01
Color Fastness to Perspiration BSEN ISO 105E04, AATCC 15-2009
Color Fastness to Light BSEN ISO B02, AATCC 16-2004
7.7 Quality Report:

Quality report is make according to Buyers specification. For different Buyers, Test Method
is performed in different quality standard. If the test result is in acceptable range then the
fabrics is to be delivered otherwise re-process carried out or the fabrics is to be rejected.

8.1 Maintenance:
Maintenance is a set of organized activities that are carried out in order to keep an item in or
restore it to a state in which it can perform with its best operational condition.
Objectives:
1. Maximizing production.
2. Minimizing energy usage.
3. Optimizing useful life of equipment.
4. Providing budgetary control.
5. Optimizing resource utilization.
6. Reduce breakdown, hazard, down time.
7. Improving equipment efficiency.
8. Reduce scrap rate and improving quality of production.
8.2 Classification of maintenance:
Maintenance
Planned Unplanned
Preventive Corrective Breakdown
In Hamid fabrics limited preventive & breakdown maintenance is normally performed.

 Preventive maintenance: It is a predetermined routine actively to ensure on time
inspection/checking of facilities to uncover conditions that may lead to production break
downs or harmful description. In other words it is a scheduled maintenance which is

done to avoid premature failure of equipment’s and parts in order to minimize
breakdown and depreciation rates.
 Breakdown maintenance: Repairs that are done when equipment has already broken
down. Focuses on restoring equipment to its normal operating condition. In this case,
repairs are made after the equipment is out of order & it cannot perform its normal
functions.
8.3 Time schedule for Maintenance:

There are four types of maintenance for all production machines mainly.it is-
 Weekly maintenance.
 Monthly maintenance.
 Yearly maintenance.
 Break down maintenance.
Mainly there are two types of maintenance. One is electrical & other is mechanical.
Mechanical maintenance is needed more than electrical. The procedure & schedule of these
two maintenances differ from each other.
8.4 Manpower for Maintenance:
In electrical & mechanical section there is a strong manpower arrangement for carrying the
production smoothly. The manpower is arranged by following sequence-
Electrical section:
Assistant General Manager
Manager
Deputy Manager
Senior Executive
Sub-assistant Engineer
Foreman
Electrician

Mechanical section:
Assistant General Manager
Manager
Deputy Manager
Senior Executive
Sub-assistant Engineer
Foreman
Fitter
8.5 Duties & Responsibilities of Maintenance Department:

Duties of Mechanical maintenance department:
1. Complete cleaning of m/c.
2. Cleaning of drain valves, replace seals if require.
3. Check air supply filters, regulators auto drain seals.
4. Clean filters element & blow out.
5. Greasing of unloading roller bearing.
6. Checking of oil level & bolts of unloading roller gearbox.
7. Checking of unloading roller coupling & packing.
8. Checking & cleaning of main vessel level indicator.
9. Checking & cleaning of main vessel level indicator.
10. Check the function of heat & cool modulation valves.
11. Check all door seals.
Duties of Electrical maintenance department:
1. Check & clean fluff &dirt from all motor fan covers.
2. Check all motor’s terminals.
3. Check panel cooling fan & clean its filter.
4. Check main pump inverter & its cooling fan.
5. Check all circuit breaker, magnetic conductors & relays.

6. Check current setting of all circuit breaker & motor over load.
7. Visual checking of all power & control cables.
8. Check all pressure switches.
9. Check calibration of main vessel & all addition tanks.
8.6 Maintenance Tools/ Equipment: There are two types of Maintenance system. So there
are two types of maintenance tools. They are essential during maintenance. They are listed
below-
Electrical tools Mechanical tools
1.Multi meter 1.Spanel
2.RPM meter 2. Combination spanner set.
3.DE soldering pump 3. Ring spanner set.
4.Cutter 4. Open spanner set.
5.Anti cutter 5. Hammer.
6.Screw driver set 6. Ratchet.
7. Temperature meter. 7. Pipe wrench.
8. Measuring tape.
9. Micrometer

9.1 Utility facility available: Hamid Fabrics Ltd. is a big project. So, it has adequate utility
services. Here the following utility services are available-
 Water
 Electricity
 Steam
 Gas
 Compress air
9.2 Water Treatment Plant:
Multigrade Activated Softener Unit

Raw Water
Filter Unit Carbon ( Permutit for
Tank
( For Dirt ) Filter Unit softening )
( For Odour )
The plant processes 160 cubic meters per hour. The source of water is the surface water. By
using various pump and pipe arrangement surface water is carrying to the raw water tank.
Then sodium hypochlorite (NaoCl) is added directly into water tank for removing Fe. NaoCl
is used as one third of total raw water in tank. After that water is passing through multigrade
filter unit for filtering dirt, then passing through carbon filter unit for removing odour. Now
raw water is entered into the water softening unit composed of permutit, artificial zeolite.
After sometimes permutit is lost its softening capacity. For this NaCl is used for renewing
permutit efficiency. For renewing per kg of permutit NaCl is used 150 gm. It takes 45
minutes to renew the resin.
Different parts of water treatment plant:
Water Treatment Plant Raw Water Exhaust Line

9.3 Electricity:
Electricity is supplied in the industry by Rural Electricity Board & Gas Generator.
Specification of Generator:
Power Max 800 KW
Brand MWM
Origin Germany
Power factor 0.8
Voltage 415V
RPM 1500
Average power generation 13500KW
No of generator 2
Maintenance time 1500hr interval
Oil required 2 Lt/day
Fuel Gas
9.4 Steam:
The steam is supplied in the industry by Boiler.

9.4.1 Boiler: The equipment used for producing steam from water is called steam generator
or boiler .The boiler used for producing steam in Hamid Fabric Ltd. is COCHRAN boiler
which is a fire tube type boiler. This produced steam is supplied by the steam line in different
section. Simple vertical boiler of fire tube type is mainly used in small plant requiring small
quantity of steam and where floor area is limited.
9.4.2 Classification of boilers:
1) Fire – tube boiler (gas): Low pressure, low running cost, less chance of busting but
greater risk of damage.
2) Oil – tube boiler: High pressure, high running cost, high chance of bursting & don’t
damage the whole boiler.
As this factory used fire tube boilers and its description is given below.
In boiler house, steam is produced at high temperature and pressure. This produced steam is
supplied by the steam line in different section.
9.4.3 Uses of Steam: Steam use for –
 Power generation (steam engine / turbine).
 Processing in industries (dyeing & finishing mill, sugar mill, paper mill etc.).
 Heating purposes (houses, offices, hospitals etc in cold countries).
 Hot water supply.

9.4.4 Essentials of a good boiler:
 Required pressure and quality at minimum fuel.
 Initial installation and maintenance cost low.
 Parts approachable for repairs.
 Quick starting capacity.
 Conform to the safely regulations of boiler act.
9.4.5 Working principle of Boiler:
The gas is fed through the front side to the furnace where fire created by electric spark .The
blower move the fire into the flue pipe by compress air and then the flue gases enter through
the combustion chamber which is lined with fire bricks on the outer wall of boiler. The hot
gases passing through the horizontal smoke tubes give their heat to the water and convert
water into steam. This steam gets accumulated in the upper portion of shell from where it can
be supplied to the users. Finally, the flue gases are discharged to the atmosphere through the
smoke box and chimney.
9.4.6 Specification of Boiler:
Year of manufacture 2002
Design press 8RAG
Design temp 188C
Hydraulic test press 16.5 BRAG
Boiler designed to BS 2790 CLASS1
Max continuous rating 6000 Kg
Max operating press 10.3BRAG
Max net heat input 4380KW
Fuel type Natural gas
Gas minimum supply press 130mb
Gas maximum supply press 300mb
9.5 Compress Air: The compress air is supplied in the industry by compressor.
Specification of air compressor:
Brand Atlas copco
Origin Belgium
Product type GA30C
Serial number AII265397
Max working pressure 10 bar
Free air delivery 70.3 I/S
Nominal shaft power 30 KW
RPM 3000
Gross weight 560 kg

10.1 Inventory:
Inventory is the stock of any item or resource used in an organization. Inventory includes:
raw materials, finished goods, component parts, supplies and work in process.
An inventory system is the set of policies and controls that monitors levels of inventory and
determines what levels should be maintained, when stock should be replenished and how
large orders should be.
10.1.1 Characteristics of inventory:

1. Saleable in the market.
2. Directly saleable in the manufacturing process of the business.
3. Usable directly in the manufacturing process of the undertaking.
10.1.2 Types of inventory: There are four types of inventory, such as-
1) Raw materials and purchased components: Raw materials are inventory items that are
used in the manufacturer's conversion process.
Typically, raw materials are commodities such as chemicals, paper, wood, paint, steel, and
food items. However, items such as nuts and bolts, ball bearings, key stock, casters, seats,
wheels, and even engines may be regarded as raw materials if they are purchased from
outside the firm.
2) In process inventory: Work-in-process (WIP) is made up of all the materials, parts
(components), assemblies, and subassemblies that are being processed or are waiting to be
processed within the system.
3) Finished Products: A finished good is a completed part that is ready for a customer order.
Therefore, finished goods inventory is the stock of completed products. These goods have
been inspected and have passed final inspection.
4) Maintenance, repair and tooling inventories: Maintenance, repair, and operating
supplies, or MRO goods, are items that are used to support and maintain the production
process and its infrastructure.
Examples of MRO goods include oils, lubricants, coolants, janitorial supplies, uniforms,
gloves, packing material, tools, nuts, bolts, screws, shim stock, and key stock.

10.2 Store:
Store is the place where different kinds of inventory are stocked which are used in the
organization. There are different store systems. In which the important kinds of inventory are
kept in the store.
In Hamid fabrics limited usable inventory items are kept in different store system. These are-
1. General store
2. Dyes & chemical store
3. Finished fabrics delivery store.
10.2.1. General store: It keeps spare parts (mechanical &electrical), utility, packing material,
Stationary items, printing items etc.
These store items that’s are purchased are two types:
 Local
 Foreign
Process sequence of purchasing items:
Department requisation
Indent/purchase requisation
Approval
Purchase department
Buy
Delivery to store

In received time:
Gate entry
Store inventory
Check(indent,quality)
MRR(Material
receiving report)
Posting in ledger
In issuing time:
Department
requisation
SRV(Store requisation
voucher)
Quantity & material
Delivery
Posting in ledger
10.2.2 Dyes & chemical store: It keeps different vat and reactive dyes and other auxiliary
chemical. These are very essential for different process.
In this department the products which are stored they are purchased by two forms. Among
them 10% is local product and 90% is foreign product.
Process sequence of purchasing item:
Indent/purchase requisation
Approval
Purchase department
Buy
Delivery to store
In received time:
Gate entry
Store inventory
Check(indent,quality)
MRR(Material receiving
report)
Posting in ledger
In issuing time:
SRV(Store requisation
voucher)
Quantity & material
Delivery
Posting in ledger

10.2.3 Finished fabrics delivery store: A finished good is a completed part that is ready for
a customer order. Therefore, finished goods inventory is the stock of completed products.
These goods have been inspected and have passed final inspection.
Process sequence of delivery the finished product:
RMG Order Sourcing
LC Received
Raw Materials and

Supplier Selection
Back to Back LC
Releasing Import Documents

from Banks
Sending Documents to C&F
agent
Production Begins
booking with shipping line
Sending goods to defined

Depot
Customs formalities
Receiving all shipping

documents
Obtaining GSP/CO from EPB

or Chamber
Preparing export documents
Pre-shipment Inspection
Sending the documents through

bank
Discounting Bills or waiting for

payment
Proceeds realization
Payment of import bills
Duty Draw Back or Cash

Incentives
Audit facing

Costing of product is very important for running of business. Hamid Fabrics Ltd. puts much
importance on Costing. Costing of products is made basis on the Raw material expenditure
(fabrics and Dyes & Chemicals), salary & wages of officials & workers, distribution &
advertisement expenses etc. It is determined by accountants with advice & consultancy of
executive director.
11.1 Revenue, Cost & Profit of the product:

The following table illustrates the Total revenue, cost of goods sold & net profit of 2014-15
& 2013-14 session.
Particulars 2014-15 (Taka) 2013-14 (Taka)
Revenue 1,782,564,422 2,198,620,623
Cost of goods sold 1,318,795,208 1,536,430,904
Gross profit 463,769,214 662,189,719
Profit before tax 157,872,216 305,583,433
Net profit 135,565,074 272,587,692
11.2 Cost of the product:

For producing product, the total cost in 2014-15 session is 1,646,999,348 Taka. The
following figure shows the distribution of revenue for producing product in 2014-15 session.

In Hamid fabrics limited there is marketing departments which play a great role for smooth
running of its business. Information about marketing section is discussed below-
12.1 Consumer of the product: Hamid fabrics limited is a 100% export oriented woven
fabric manufacturer. So consumer of it is foreign people. The main two buyer of its product
are PVH and A&F. The two buyers are from USA. Some of their consumers are Europeans &
Indians also.
12.2 Major customer of HFL:
12.3 Product Label: The products of Hamid fabrics limited are specified by a product label
which is attached with it before packing. The label contains all kinds of information about the
product by which anyone can identify its specification easily.
12.4 Package size: The package size differs from buyer to buyer. The product is mainly
supply as roll form. Sometimes some buyers want his product as piece or other types of
package form.
12.5 Importing countries: The main import country of its product is USA. Texas is one of
the countries of America where its product is imported excessively. Some Europe countries
import fabric from In Hamid fabrics limited. Our neighbor country India is also an importer
for its product.
12.6 Duties & Responsibilities of Marketing Officer: There are some duties for a
marketing officer. His main duty is to bring production order to mill. Marketing officer also
has to observe the cost & quality of the product. He must bring an order which is profitable to
the company.

Effluent is the stream of excess chemical liquor extracted from an industry after using in
original operation. Industrial effluent generated from different processes are treated with
various chemicals to remove or neutralize the environmentally toxic materials present in it,
before discharging it to surface or ground water. This is called effluent treatment. The whole
plant is called effluent treatment plant.
13.1 Object of ETP:

 To control pH.
 To remove coloring matter.
 To maintain proper value of BOD & COD.
BOD: The amount of Oxygen requires for living organism in the water to organize organic
matter present as food for organism is called as Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD).
COD: Chemical Oxygen Demand is defined as the amount of oxygen require to oxidize the
organic matter by strong oxidizing agent (KMnO4). It is known as Permanganate value.
13.2 Process Flow chart of ETP:
Process House
Equalization Tank
Aeration Feed Pump
Aeration Tank
Clarifier
EC Feed Tank
EC Skid
DAF (Dissolved Air Fluetation) Filter Press
Clear Waterto Discharge Sludge Drain

13.3 Working procedure of ETP:
1. Collection Tank: The gross waste such as waste thread, fabric pieces, lints, color,
chemical etc are accumulate to the collection tank. Temperature is controlled to this tank.
2. Equalization Tank: Blower is always worked to supply oxygen to the equalization tank.
Color is also applied to mix the color at uniform stage.
3. Bio-logical Tank: Bio-logical Tank is very important stage of ETP. Aero bacteria is
produced in it. Urea-15kg/week, Dap-12kg/week, Mayleg-20kg/week is used. BOD, COD,
TSS, TS, DO, TDS, MLASS etc are controlled remaining pH at 7.6 to 7.8.
4. Clarifier: Clarifier helps the waste water to clear from sludge. The solid sludge
accumulate under the clarifier tank. Clear water separate from this tank. A moving roller
always move accumulated sludge not to fix them.
5. Electric Coagulation: It is a direct electric applied system where create folk into water.
High voltage electricity is used in it.
6. DAF (Dissolve Air Fluetation): After that polymer is used to make the folk particle
bigger from smaller. 250g polymer is used in 1000L water.
7. Filter: At last, Filter the water in a filter where water & sludge being separate from each
other. Water is drained and sludge is saved into filter which is cleaned after 1 week.
13.4 Causes of pH control:

 To prevention of the passage of alum through filters and the prevention of its attar
precipitation in distribution system.
 Prevention corrosive action.
 Control of small plant and animal life through ability to control the optimum living
conditions.
 Possible reduction in size of coagulating basins due to better flocculation.
 Possible increase in the efficiency of bacteria removal.

Impact of the Internship
Industrial training is an integral part of our education in textile engineering. It helps us to
know about the process performed in an industry. It makes us strong enough to perform our
duties in job properly. It also helps us to develop our skill through different activities.
In this training at Hamid Fabrics Ltd we have gained following things:
In Pre-treatment:
1. We have learned about functions of different chemicals and their application.
2. We have learned about the pre-treatment faults and remedies.
3. We have learned about the machines used in pre-treatment.
In Dyeing Lab & Quality Control:
1. We have learned about process sequence followed in laboratory.
2. We have learned about lab dip and its development process.
3. We have learned to calculate dyeing recipe.
4. We have learned about the different test methods performed.
In Dyeing floor:
1. We have learned about the dyeing methods.
2. We have learned about the production calculation.
3. We have gained knowledge about process sequence.
In Finishing:
1. We have learned about industrial procedure of different textile finishing.
In inspection:
1. We have learned about different faults and their rectifications.
Beside above this we have also gained following things:

1. It helped us to become skilled in conducting different process of textile wet processing.
2. We have learned about the procedures that an industry follows from start to end of
production.
3. We have gained knowledge about maintenance system and techniques followed in an
industry.
4. We have learned about the techniques used to get efficient production.
5. We have become experienced about the industrial application of different dyeing
processes.
6. Industrial training helped us to know about the responsibility of a textile engineer in
industries.
7. It also helped us to develop a good communication skill.
8. We have learned the different tricks used for manpower management.
9. We have learned the duties of finance department.
10. We have also learned the activities of administration department.
11. We have visited different section of the company and learned about the inter relationship
among them.
12. We have gained knowledge about the responsibilities of different employees.

CONCLUSION
In textile education practical knowledge is often more important than theoretical knowledge.
Theoretical background is not sufficient so, industrial training is an essential part of study to
make a technologist technically sound in this field. Industrial training provides us that
opportunity to gather practical knowledge. This Industrial training increases our thought a lot
about textile technology. It also helps us to know a lot about industrial production process,
machineries, and industrial management and made us suitable for industrial life. It gave us
the first opportunity to work in industry. So we can say industrial attachment prepare us for
the expected destiny of practical life.
We have completed our industrial attachment from Hamid Fabrics Ltd. we got the
impression that this factory is one of the modern export oriented industry of our country. This
factory does not compromise in case of quality. Hamid Fabrics Ltd is a major woven
manufacturing and dyeing factory. It has the capability to offer a complete product range for
the export & domestic textile markets. The goal of the textile division is to become the
preferred partner for sourcing high quality fabrics & clothing from Bangladesh. With high
advanced technology & an emphasis on developing local human resources, the textile
division has the potential to make an important contribution to the nation’s growing textile
export sector. It aims to build a true marketing led enterprise with motivated workforce,
innovative vision, and strong revenue based product portfolio, customer satisfaction &
understanding of global market and be one of the best leading Textile Industry in Bangladesh.

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©National Institute of Textile Engineering and Research (NITER) Page 1

Industrial Attachment Course is an academic function of National Institute of Textile

©National Institute of Textile Engineering and Research (NITER) Page 2

Industrial attachment helps us to familiar with technical support of modern

In Hamid Fabrics Ltd, We got an opportunity to complete 8 weeks long industrial

We have prepared this report as required on completion of our industrial attachment

©National Institute of Textile Engineering and Research (NITER) Page 3

©National Institute of Textile Engineering and Research (NITER) Page 4

©National Institute of Textile Engineering and Research (NITER) Page 5

©National Institute of Textile Engineering and Research (NITER) Page 6

©National Institute of Textile Engineering and Research (NITER) Page 8

1.3 Sponsors/ Associate Organization:

1.4 Product Mix:

©National Institute of Textile Engineering and Research (NITER) Page 9

1.6 Project Cost & Net Profit:

1.7 Different Departments:

1.8 Physical infrastructure:

©National Institute of Textile Engineering and Research (NITER) Page 10

Serial Dept. Officer Staff Worker Labor Total

©National Institute of Textile Engineering and Research (NITER) Page 12

2.3 Shift Change:

©National Institute of Textile Engineering and Research (NITER) Page 13

2.5 Job description of the officers:

Report to: Assistant Production Manager

©National Institute of Textile Engineering and Research (NITER) Page 14

©National Institute of Textile Engineering and Research (NITER) Page 16

Dyes & Chemical

©National Institute of Textile Engineering and Research (NITER) Page 17

Entry File Shelf

3.1.2 Activities of Laboratory:

Objective of Lab Dip:

3.1.3 Process Sequence of Lab Work:

Lab Dip Requisition from buyer

©National Institute of Textile Engineering and Research (NITER) Page 19

Method: Pad Dry Pad Steam

©National Institute of Textile Engineering and Research (NITER) Page 20

Pad ( Vat Dyes, PU-60%)

Dry (120℃, 2-3 min)

Pad (Alkaline Solution)

Steaming at 102℃, 1min

©National Institute of Textile Engineering and Research (NITER) Page 21

©National Institute of Textile Engineering and Research (NITER) Page 22

Method: Pad Dry Pad Steam

Dry (120℃, 2-3 min)

Pad (Alkaline Solution)

Steaming at 102℃, 1min

©National Institute of Textile Engineering and Research (NITER) Page 23

©National Institute of Textile Engineering and Research (NITER) Page 24

Method: Cold Pad Batch

Pad ( Reactive Dyes+ Alkaline Solution 4:1, PU-60%)

Batching (Microwoven, 30 min)

Hot Soaping (2 min)

©National Institute of Textile Engineering and Research (NITER) Page 25

5. Dyeing in CPB Machine

Note: Alkaline solution must be adding 4:1 ratio.

©National Institute of Textile Engineering and Research (NITER) Page 26

Method: Cold Pad Batch-NC