A TECHNICAL REPORT ON SLIDER CRANK

MECHANISM

BY
AFOLABI TOLULOPE CALEB
MATRIC NO: 18/30GD014

TO BE SUBMITTED TO

MECHANICS OF MACHINE LAB

DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
FACULTY OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
UNIVERSITY OF ILORIN

Experiment Date: December 5, 2021.

Submission Date: January 5, 2022.
TITLE:
Slider Crank Mechanism

OBJECTIVE:
To obtain the dynamic analysis in terms of velocity and acceleration of
the slider crank, the working principle governing the slider crank
mechanism.

APPARATUS/DIAGRAM
 Slider Crank
 Degree meter to show crank position
 Meter rule to indicate the amount of displacement or
reciprocating motion
 Graph paper
THEORY:
The slider-crank mechanism is a particular four-bar linkage
configuration that converts linear motion to rotational, or vice versa.
Internal combustion engines are a common example of this mechanism,
where combustion in a cylinder creates pressure which drives a piston.
The piston’s linear motion is converted into rotational motion at the
crank through a mutual link, referred to as the connecting rod. As the
geometry of the crank forces the conversion of linear motion to
rotational, shaking forces are generated and applied to the crank’s
housing. These shaking forces result in vibrations which impede the
operation of the engine. The slider-crank mechanism is frequently
utilized in undergraduate engineering courses to investigate machine
kinematics and resulting dynamic forces. The position, velocity,
acceleration and shaking forces generated by a slider-crank mechanism
during operation can be determined analytically. Certain factors are
often neglected from analytical calculations, causing results to differ
from experimental data. The assumption is frequently made that the
crankshaft’s angular velocity is constant. In reality, angular velocity is
slightly higher on the power stroke than the return stroke. The study of
these slight variances produces useful insight into the characteristics of
piston driven engines.
PROCEDURES:
● Set the crank to 0 on the degree meter and record the reading on
the slider scale.
● The crank is then moved 30 degrees through and the corresponding
slider scale reading is noted and recorded.
● The above is repeated until the crank has obtained one complete
revolution, and each slider scale reading is recorded.
● The change in position (displacement) of the slider from its top
dead center is calculated, and a graph of the slider displacement
against crank angle is plotted.
● The gradient for the graph is drawn at a crank angle of 0˚.
● The gradient is calculated for intervals of 30 degrees.
● A graph of displacement gradient against crank position is plotted.
● The crank radius is measured with the length of the connecting
link.
● The displacement, velocity and acceleration curves of the slider
crank mechanism producing a pure sinusoidal motion.
DATA, AND CALCULATION
Length of link = 11.5cm
Diameter = 7cm
Radius = 3.5
EXPERIMENTAL VALUES
S/N Crank Displacement Velocity Acceleration
Position (cm)
X104
(˚)
1 0 0 0 0
2 30 4 0.133 44.43
3 60 16 0.267 44.5
4 90 28 0.322 35.78
5 120 39 0.325 27.08
6 150 47 0.313 -20.9
7 180 49 0.2722 -15.12
8 210 47 -0.224 -10.67
9 240 39 -0.1625 6.77
10 270 28 -0.104 3.9
11 300 15 -0.05 1.67
12 330 4 -0.012 0.364
13 360 0 0 0
CALCULATED/THEORETICAL VALUES
S/N Crank Angle Displacement Velocity Acceleration

1 0 0 0 4.56

2 30 0.934 2.211 3.56

3 60 3.14 3.492 1.22

4 90 5.36 3.5 -1.06

5 120 6.64 2.570 -2.28

6 150 6.995 1.289 -2.5

7 180 7 0 -2.282

8 210 6.995 -1.289 -1.064

9 240 6.64 -2.570 +2.282

10 270 5.36 -3.5 -1.064

11 300 3.14 -3.492 1.22

12 330 0.934 -2.211 3=56

13 360 0 0 4.56
Pure Sinusoidal
S/N Crank Angle Displacement Velocity Acceleration

1 0 0 0 3.5
2 30 0.469 1.75 3.031
3 60 1.75 3.031 1.75
4 90 3.5 3.5 0
5 120 5.25 3.031 -1.75
6 150 6.531 1.75 -3.031
7 180 7 0 -3.5
8 210 6.531 -1.75 -3.031
9 240 5.25 -3.031 -1.75
10 270 3.5 -3.5 0
11 300 1.75 -3.031 1.75
12 330 0.469 -1.75 3.031
13 360 0 0 3.5
OBSERVATION:
● The experimental and theoretical values were different.
● As the crank go through a complete revolution, the slider
undergoes a kind of reciprocating sliding motion like back and
forth motion.
PRECAUTIONS:
● We made sure the crank angle was initially at zero and the slider
scale was noted to ensure the accuracy of the equipment before
commencing the experiment.
● Error due to parallax was avoided when taking the crank angle and
slider scale readings.
● We made sure to rotate the crank in a clockwise direction.
CONCLUSION
The dynamic behavior of a slider-crank mechanism with a flexible
connecting rod is investigated. Slider-crank mechanism converts rotary
motion into reciprocating motion by means of a rotating driving beam, a
connection rod & sliding body. The use of this mechanism in the wide
range of machines like pumps and compressors is observed.
ASSIGNMENT
1. The velocity was maximum when crank angle was 90 degree
2. Velocity was minimum when crank angle was 270 degree
3. The acceleration of the slider crank was maximum at crank angles
at (0,360) degrees
4. The acceleration of the crank was minimum at crank angles 180
degrees
5. The effect of second harmonic is that it causes vibration,
deviations and it will make the engine not to be balanced.
6. Application of slider Crank mechanism

● Rotary Engines: Fixing the crank in the Slider-crank mechanism it

can be used to form rotary engines. Rotary engines are used in
cars. 4. Oscillating cylinder Engine: Fixing the connecting rod in
the Slider-crank mechanism it can be used to form oscillating
cylinder engines.
● Hand Pump: Fixing the slider in the Slider-crank mechanism.
● Oscillating cylinder Engine