HKDSE Biology – a modern approach 1

Answers to Coursebook Exercises

4 Movement of Substances across Membrane

Check your progress

4.1 How are substances transported across cell membranes?

4.2 Diffusion

A. True or false

1. F
2. T
3. T
4. F
5. T (1 mark each)
(Total: 5 marks)

B. Fill in the blanks

1. (a) simple diffusion

2. (b) facilitated diffusion
3. (c) channel proteins
(d) carrier proteins (1 mark each)
(Total: 4 marks)

4.3 Osmosis

Multiple choice

1. C
2. B
3. A (1 mark each)
(Total: 3 marks)

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 HKDSE Biology – a modern approach 1
Answers to Coursebook Exercises

4.4 Active transport

4.5 Phagocytosis

Multiple choice

1. C
2. B
3. D (1 mark each)
(Total: 3 marks)

Revision exercise

A. Multiple choice

1. C
2. A
3. D
4. A
5. A
6. D
7. C
8. A
9. B (1 mark each)
(Total: 9 marks)

B. Short question

1. (a) hypertonic solution (1 mark)

(b) The microorganisms in the food will be killed (1 mark)
as the salt or sugar solution has a lower water potential (1 mark)
that draws water out from them by osmosis. (1 mark)
(c) The bacterial cells will shrink. (1 mark)
(Total: 5 marks)

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 HKDSE Biology – a modern approach 1
Answers to Coursebook Exercises

C. Structured questions

1. (a)
Osmosis Active transport
energy / ATP not required energy / ATP required
movement of water molecules movement of molecules / ions other than water
carrier proteins not required carrier proteins required
(3 marks)
(b) (i) The water potential of the solution is higher than that of the red blood cells.
(1 mark)
Water enters the red blood cells (1 mark)
by osmosis. (1 mark)
Cells increase in volume. (1 mark)
(ii) The red blood cells have different concentrations of cytoplasm.
OR
Red blood cells do not have the same water potential. (1 mark)
(c) Because they have cell wall. (1 mark)
(Total: 9 marks)

2. (a) The concentration of internal potassium ions increases with the increase in
concentration of external potassium ions. (1 mark)
(b) active transport (1 mark)
(c) The concentration of internal potassium ions does not increase (1 mark)
even when the concentration of external potassium ions increases. (1 mark)
No ATP is produced. (1 mark)
Active transport stops. (1 mark)
(d) soil air / aeration (1 mark)
(Total: 7 marks)

3. (a) concentrated salt / sugar solution (1 mark)

(b) plasmolysed / plasmolysis (1 mark)
(c) The water potential inside the plant cells is higher than the surrounding solution.
(1 mark)
Water passes out by osmosis (1 mark)
The cytoplasm shrinks (1 mark)
and the cell membrane detaches from the cell wall. (1 mark)
(d) red blood cells (1 mark)
The central region is lighter in colour suggesting this part is thinner / its
biconcave disc shape. (1 mark)

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 HKDSE Biology – a modern approach 1
Answers to Coursebook Exercises

© Aristo Educational Press Ltd. 2009 4

 HKDSE Biology – a modern approach 1
Answers to Coursebook Exercises

(e) Distilled water has higher water potential than the animal cells. (1 mark)
The cells gain water by osmosis. (1 mark)
The cells swell (1 mark)
and finally they burst. (1 mark)
(Total: 12 marks)

4. (a)

(2 marks)
(b) The water potential of the cell sap of potato cylinder X is lower than that of distilled
water. (1 mark)
The cells gain water by osmosis (1 mark)
and become turgid. (1 mark)
The water potential of the cell sap of potato cylinder Y is higher than that of 20%
sucrose solution. (1 mark)
The cells lose water by osmosis (1 mark)
and become flaccid. (1 mark)
(Total: 8 marks)

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