Name Date Period

Worksheet: Punnett Square Review

1. In pea plants, tall (T) plants are dominant over short (t) plants. Complete the following
crosses and give the genotypic and phenotypic ratios of offspring.

a. TT x tt
T T
t Tt Tt
t Tt Tt

Genotypic: 1:1 Tt
Phenotypic: 1:1 Tall

b. Tt x tt
T t
t Tt tt
t Tt tt

Genotypic: ½ Tt, ½ tt
Phenotypic: ½ Tall, ½ Short

c. Tt x Tt

T t
T TT Tt
t Tt tt

Genotypic: ¼ TT, 2/4 Tt, ¼ tt

Phenotypic: ¾ Tall, ¼ Short

2. In pea plants, purple flowers (P) are dominant over white (p) flowers. Complete the following
crosses and give the genotypic and phenotypic ratios of offspring.

a. A heterozygous purple plant is crossed with a homozygous purple plant.

P P
Genotypic: ½ PP, ½ Pp
Phenotypic: all purple plant
P PP PP

p Pp Pp
 b. A cross between two pea plants produces offspring in which approximately 50% of the
flowers are white and 50% are purple. What are the genotypes of the parents? Show punnett
square to support your answer.

P p Genotypes: 50% Pp, 50% pp

Phenotype: 50% Purple, 50% White
p Pp pp Parents: Pp x pp

p Pp pp

c. A cross between two purple pea plants yields approximately 25% of the offspring exhibiting
white flowers. What are the genotypes of the parents? Show punnett square to support
your answer.
P p
Genotypes: 25% PP, 50% Pp, 25% pp
Phenotypes: 75% Purple, 25% White
P PP Pp Parents: Pp x Pp

p Pp pp

3. A widow’s peak in humans is determined by a dominant/recessive inheritance. A person who is

purebred for widow’s peak is crossed with a person who is purebred for no widow’s peak. All of the
offspring have a widow’s peak. Which trait is dominant and which is recessive? Show punnett square to
support your answer.

W W Widow’s peak: Dominant

No widow’s peak: Recessive
w Ww Ww

w Ww Ww
 4. In guinea pigs, black fur is dominant. If a black guinea pig is crossed with a white guinea pig and the
litter contains a white offspring, the genotype of the black-haired parent is probably? Show punnett
square to support your answer.

B b Black-haired parent: Bb

b Bb bb

b Bb bb
5. In minks, brown is dominant over silver-blue color.

a. What offspring would you predict if you crossed a homozygous brown mink with a
silver-blue mink? Show punnett square to support your answer.

B B Genotype: 100% Bb
Phenotype: 100% Brown
b Bb Bb

b Bb Bb

b. What would the genotypic and

phenotypic ratios of two F2 generation mink from the above problem be if they were
crossed? Show punnett square to support your answer.

B b

B BB Bb

b Bb bb

6. In snapdragons, red is not completely dominant over white flowers.

a. What color flowers would you expect when you cross a red flower with a white flower? What
would be the genotypic and phenotypic ratios of the offspring be?

R r Genotypic: ½ Rr, ½ rr
Phenotypic: ½ Red, ½ White
r Rr rr

r Rr rr
b. Cross two of the F1
generation from above. What
would be the genotypic and phenotypic ratios of the offspring be?
 R r Genotypic: ½ Rr, ½ rr
Phenotypic: ½ Red, ½ White
r Rr rr

r Rr rr 7. In dragons, the ability to breath fire is a

recessive trait. Homozygous dominant
dragons cannot produce fire or smoke at all.
Heterozygous dragons can produce smoke, but no fire.

a. Cross a fire breathing dragon with a homozygous dominant dragon. What would be the
genotypic and phenotypic ratios of the offspring be?

F F
Genotypic: ½ FF, ½ Ff
Phenotypic: 1:1 Fire breathing
F FF FF

f Ff Ff

b. Cross two smoke-producing only dragons. Are any of the offspring able to produce fire?
Show punnett square to support your answer.

F f All Fire breathing

F FF Ff

f Ff ff
8. In cattle, red and white hair are codominant.
The heterozygous condition is roan colored (contains
both red hair and white hair)

a. Cross a red cow and a white cow. What would be the genotypic and phenotypic ratios of the
offspring be?
CR CR Genotypic: 1:1 CR Cr
Phenotypic: 1:1 Red
Cr CR Cr CR Cr

Cr CR Cr CR Cr

b. Would it be possible to have any red cattle when two roan cattle are crossed? Show
punnett square to support your answer.
CR Cr
¼ Red
R R R R r
C CC CC

Cr CR Cr CrCr
9. In Guinea pigs, the genotype (BB) is black, and the
genotype (bb) is white color, and (Bb) is grey color, The
gene (B) and (b) are sex-linked.

a. What type of offspring are to be expected in a cross between a black female and a white
 male?

XB XB Genotypes: ½ XBXb, ½ XBY

Phenotypes: ½ Female grey, ½ Male black
Xb XBXb XBXb

Y XBY XBY

b. A heterozygous female is crossed with a white male. What are the expected genotypic and
phenotypic ratios of the offspring?

XB Xb Genotypes: ¼ XBXb, ¼ XbXb, ¼ XBY, ¼ XbY

Phenotypes: ¼ Female grey, ¼ Female white ,¼ Male black,
¼ Male white
Xb XBXb XbXb

Y XBY XbY

c. Would it ever be possible to produce a male with grey hair? Explain

No, because males sex chromosome are XY which only carry on allele so they are not heterozygous.

10. The chart below shows the inheritance of human blood types. There are four different
phenotypes possible: A, B, AB, and O. The alleles A and B are codominant, and the O allele is recessive
to both A and B.

AB AA
a. A person with I I is crossed with a person who is I I . What are the genotypic and
phenotypic ratios of the offspring?

IA IB Genotypes: ½ IAIB, ½ IAIA

Phenotypes: ½ Blood type A, ½ Blood type AB
IA IAIA IAIB

IA IAIA IAIB
b. A person with type AB blood is crossed with
a person with type O blood. What are the
IA IB genotypic and phenotypic ratios of the offspring?

i IAi IBi
Genotypes: ½ IAi, ½ IBi
Phenotypes: ½ Blood type A, ½ Blood type B
i IAi IBi
DIHYBRID PUNNETT SQUARE PRACTICE PROBLEMS

Problem A: Suppose that black hair (B) is dominant over blonde hair (b) and brown eyes (E) are
dominant over blue eyes (e).

The father has black hair (heterozygous) and brown eyes (heterozygous) and the mother has blonde hair
and blue eyes.
Genotype of father – BbEe Genotype of mother - bbee

Possible Gametes
BE Be bE Father: BE, Be, Be, be
be Mother: be
BbE
be Bbee bbEe
e bbee

1. What percent of the offspring will be totally heterozygous?

25%
2. What is the phenotype ratio?
¼ Black hair, Brown eyes
¼ Black hair, blue eyes
¼ Blond hair, Brown eyes
¼ Blond hair, blue eyes
3. What percent of the offspring will have blonde hair and blue eyes?
25%
Problem B: Using the same traits as above, cross a completely recessive person with a blonde hair and
homozygous brown eyed person.

bE be

be bbEe bbee
1. What percent of the offspring will be totally heterozygous?
50%
2. What is the phenotype ratio?
½ Blond hair, brown eyes
½ blond hair, blue eyes
3. What percent of the offspring will have blonde hair and blue eyes?

50%