Exposing)the)Poten.

al)of)
Heavy)Timber)
Construc.on)
)

Presented(by:(
((
“The(Wood(Products(Council”(is( This(course(is(registered(
a(Registered(Provider(with(The( with(AIA(CES(for(con?nuing(
American(Ins?tute(of(Architects( professional(educa?on.(As(
Con?nuing(Educa?on(Systems( such,(it(does(not(include(
(AIA/CES),(Provider(#G516.( content(that(may(be(
( deemed(or(construed(to(be(
! an(approval(or(
Credit(s)(earned(on(comple?on( endorsement(by(the(AIA(of(
of(this(course(will(be(reported(to( any(material(of(
AIA(CES(for(AIA(members.( construc?on(or(any(method(
Cer?ficates(of(Comple?on(for( or(manner(of(
both(AIA(members(and(nonOAIA( handling,(using,(
members(are(available(upon( distribu?ng,(or(dealing(in(
request.( any(material(or(product.(
( ________________________________
(
Ques?ons(related(to(specific(
materials,(methods,(and(services(will(
be(addressed(at(the(conclusion(of(this(
presenta?on.(
(
(
Course)Descrip.on)

Offering(a(mix(of(both(the(prac?cal(and(inspira?onal,(
this(presenta?on(focuses(on(the(use(of(heavy(?mber(in(
applica?ons(such(as(offices(and(schools,(as(well(as(
civic,(industrial,(midOrise/mul?Oresiden?al(and(other(
building(types.(Included(will(be(a(review(of(nonO
structural(provisions(in(the(Interna'onal*Building*Code*
and(a(discussion(of(structural(component(and(
connec?on(methods(available.(Example(projects(
ranging(from(typical(to(unique(will(be(used(to(illustrate(
the(range(of(modern(?mber(design(solu?ons(available(
and(their(ability(to(provide(unlimited(aesthe?c(
opportuni?es(for(almost(any(building(type.(
(
Learning)Objec.ves)
1.  Iden?fy(opportuni?es(available(through(nonO
structural(provisions(of(the(Interna'onal*Building*
Code((IBC),(including(maximum(height(and(area(for(
exposed(heavy(?mberOframe(structures.((((
2.  Discover(the(common(design(elements(and(
connec?on(op?ons(for(heavy(?mber(framing.(
3.  Examine(the(commonali?es(and(differences(of(awardO
winning(heavy(?mber(structures.((
4.  Become(aware(of(nonOtradi?onal(uses(for(heavy(
?mber(that(offer(unique(design(solu?ons.(
(
Outline)

•  Heavy(Timber(Code(Requirements(
•  Design(Elements(
•  Unique(Design(Solu?ons(
•  Case(Studies(
•  Technical(Resources(
(
 Timber)Frame)Construc.on)
• ))One)of)the)oldest)known)forms)
))))of)construc.on))

• ))Post)&)Beam)or)Timber)Framed)
))))structures)date)back)before)the))
))))early)Greeks.)
))
• ))Increased)interest)because)of)the))
)))allowable)height/area)and)fire)))
)))resistance)advantages.))
)))
• ))Offers)innova.ve)commercial))
))))building)solu.ons)
Butler)Building)Built)in)1906)
Benefits)of)Timber)Framing)
Layton(Petro(Mart,(Greenfield,(WI(
Photo(Credit:(Arquitectura,(Inc.(

• HandPcraQed)buildings)that)are)known)for)their)
))warmth,)beauty)and)Intriguing)Shapes.))
Outline)

•  Heavy(Timber(Code(Requirements(
•  Design(Elements(
•  Unique(Design(Solu?ons(
•  Case(Studies(
•  Technical(Resources(
(
Type)IV)–)Heavy)Timber)Code)Requirements)
Why)is)heavy).mber)in)the)code?)
•  Historical)Prac.ce)
•  Fire)Resistance)

Photos(provided(by:((
Structural(Wood(Corpora?on(
 Type)IV)Construc.on)–)IBC)602.4)
(Exterior(walls(are(of(noncombus?ble(materials(and(interior(
building(elements(are(of(solid(or(laminated(wood(without(
concealed(spaces.(FRT(wood(or(Cross(Laminated(
Timber*O2015IBC(is(permiced(in(exterior(walls,(where(2hr(fire(
ra?ng(or(less(is(required(
( •  Non(combus?ble(((((((((((((
Exterior(walls(
•  Interior(wallsOsolid(without(
concealed(spaces(
(
•  Fire(Retardant(Treated(exterior(
walls(or(Cross(laminated(
( Timber((CLT)O2015(IBC((are(
allowed(if(fire(ra?ng(is(2hr(or(
less(

•  Heavy(Timber(
(
(*Exterior(surface(of(CLT(is(protected(by(FRT(
sheathing,(½”(gypsum,(or(other(nonO
combus?ble(materials(
(
))))HT)Minimum)Sizes)–)Floor)Framing)
)
IBC)Sec.on)602.4)(Table)602.4))address)minimum)sizes)
)

Beam(Suppor?ng(
Floor(Load(
>)6x10)nominal)

Columns)and)beams)can))
be)sawn)or)GluPlaminated)

Column(Suppor?ng(
Floor(Load(
>)8x8)nominal)
))))HT)Minimum)Sizes)–)Floor)Decking)

3x(nominal(splined(or(T&G(decking(with(1”(
nominal(T&G(flooring((or(½”(par?cleboard)(OR(
Beam(Suppor?ng( 4x)planks)with)1”)nominal)flooring)(or)15/32”)
Floor(Load( WSP)or)½”)par.cleboard))
>)6x10)nominal) New)in)2015)IBC:)CLT)not)less)than)4”)thick)

Columns)and)beams)can))
be)sawn)or)GluPlaminated)

Column(Suppor?ng(
Floor(Load(
>)8x8)nominal)

The(Bullic(Center,(Seacle,(WA((((((Photo(Credit:(John(Stamets(
HT)Minimum)Sizes)–)Roof)Framing)

Column(Suppor?ng(
Roof(Load( Beam(Suppor?ng(
>)6x8)nominal) Roof(Load(
>)4x6)nominal)

Anderson(Japanese(Gardens(Visitor's(Center,(Rockford,(IL,(Photo(Credit:(Daniel(G.(Saavedra(
 HT)Minimum)Sizes)–)Roof)Decking)
Ooen(7/16”(sheathing(may(be(applied(over(2x(deck(to(increase(diaphragm(strength)

Roof(Decking(
>(2x(T&G(Deck(
!  1O1/8”(WSP(
!  3x((on(edgeOplanks(
!  New(in(2015(IBC:(CLT(not(less(than(3”(thick(

Truss(Framing(
>(4x6(

The(Pepper(Planta?on(Pavilion,(Awendaw,(SC,(Photo(Credit:(SGA(Architecture)
 Arch)Sprung)From)the)Ground)
Arches(suppor?ng(roof(loads(
from(top(of(wall(shall(be(>(4x6)
Photo(Credit:(Structural((Wood(Corpora?on(
Timber(Arches(suppor?ng(roof(
loads(and(springing(from(floor(>(6x8(
at(bocom(&(6x6(at(top(
St.(Edward(Catholic(Church,(Keizer,(OR(
Photo(Credit:(George(King(
Interior)Walls)in)Type)IV)
Type)IV)interior)par..on)wall)op.ons:)
•  Solid(wood(construc?on(–(min.(2(layers(of(1Oinch(matched(boards(
•  Laminated(construc?on(min.(4(inches(
•  1Ohour(fireOresistanceOrated(construc?on(

Photo(Credit:(FP(Innova?ons(
Exterior)Walls)in)Type)IV)
Type)IV)exterior)wall)op.ons:)
•  Non(combus?ble(materials(
•  Fire(Retardant(Treated(Wood(framing(in(assemblies(with(2(hour(ra?ng(
or(less(
•  New(in(2015(IBC:(CLT((min.(6”(thick)(in(exterior(wall(assemblies(is(
permiced(where(ra?ng(is(2(hours(or(less(and(when(exterior(surface(is(
covered(with(min.(15/32”(FRT(sheathing,(min.(½”(gypsum,(or(other(
noncombus?ble(material((

Sauter(Timber(Produc?on(Facility,(Rockwood,(TN(
Photo(Credit:(Andreas(Sauter;(Tim(Clay(Photography(
Exterior)Curtain)Walls)in)Type)IV)
Fire(retardant(treated(curtain(walls(are(an(op?on(when(glass(
façades(are(u?lized(in(type(IV(construc?on(

LCT(One((Leo)(
Illwerke(Zentrum(Montafon((Above)(
Photo(Credit:(Norman(A.(Müller(
Heights)and)Areas)–)IBC)Table)503)
 IBC)Building)Size)Limits)
Business((B)(Occupancies(

Construc.on)Type) IIA) IIB) IV)

Allowable)Limit)
Stories( 5 3 5
Height((o)( 65 55 65
Building(Area/Story((o2)( 37.5k 23k 36k
Total(Building(Area*((o2)( 112.5k 69k 108k
*(Assuming(max(stories(built(

IBC(2012(Table(503(Tabular(Values(
 ICC)Building)Valua.on)Data)
Interna?onal(Code(Council,(Feb(2015(Data(
B(Occupancy(
200(

180( 170.32(
$(per(Square(Foot(

160( 155.49(

140(

120(

100(

80(
IA( IB( IIA( IIB( IV(
IBC(Construc?on(Type(
Height)Modifica.on)–)IBC)504)
IBC)504.2)))Where(a(building(is(equipped(throughout(with(an(
approved(sprinkler(system…((NFPA(13)(
" (((maximum(height(is(increased(by(20(feet((
" (((maximum(number(of(stories(is(increased(by(one.(
"  EXCEPT(for(IO2(occupancy(of(Type(IIB,(III(and(V(
construc?on(and(H(occupancies(or(where(sprinklers(are(
used(as(subs?tu?on(for(1hr(fire(resistance.(

Can)be)combined)w/)frontage)area)increase)P)506.2)
Can)be)combined)w/)sprinkler)area)increase)P)506.3)
*
Area)Modifica.on)–)IBC)506)
(Equa?on(5O1)((

Aa(=(At((+([At(x(If](+([At(x(Is]((

Aa(=(Allowable(area(per(story((sq.(o.)(
At(=(Tabular(area(per(story((sq.(o.)(
If(=(Area(increase(factor(due(to(frontage(((IBC(506.2)(
Is(=(Area(increase(factor(due(to(sprinkler(protec?on(((IBC(506.3)(
Is=2(if(2(stories(or(more,(Is=3(for(1(story(
(
Sprinkler(Increases(
"  Up(to(3x(the(tabulated(area(for(building(w/(more(than(one(story((
"  Up(to(4x(the(tabulated(area(for(a(building(no(more(than(one(story(
"  The(larger(increased(area(might(allow(excluding(sprinklers(in(a(
project(
Automa.c)Sprinkler)Increase)–)506.3)

IBC)506.3)–)Floor(Areas(in(Table(503(is(permiced(to(be(
increased(by(an(addi?onal(:(
•  Is(=(2(for(buildings(with(more(than(one(story(above(grade(
plane([(Aa(=(At(+(2At(+(If((At)(=(3At(+(If((At)(](
•  Is(=(3(for(buildings(with(no(more(than(one(story(above(
grade(plane.([(Aa(=(At(+(3At(+(If((At)(=(4At(+(If((At)(](
Can)be)combined)with)height)and)story)increases)P)504.2.)
Excep?on((
•  Not(permiced(for(HO1,(HO2,(and(HO3(occupancies((
•  Not(permiced(where(sprinklers(subs?tute(for(1hr(
construc?on((
 Frontage)Increase)for)AreaP)IBC)506.2)
(
)
Allowable(size(of(building(may(increase(where(open(frontage(is(provided.(

(Equa?on(5O2)(
If(=([F/P(O(0.25](W/30(
F(=(Building(perimeter(that(fronts(on(a(public(way(or(open(space(having(20(feet((
(((((((open(minimum(width((feet).)
P(=(Perimeter(of(en?re(building((feet).(
W(=(Width(of(public(way(or(open(space,(not(to(exceed(30(feet((
Total)Building)Area–)IBC)506.4)
Using(the(Allowable(Area(per(Story,(Aa,(we(can(determine(
the(Allowable(Building(area(for(single(occupancy(buildings:(
(

Aba(=(Aa(x(Sa((

Aba(=(Total(allowable(building(area((sq.(o.)(
Aa(=(Allowable(area(per(story((sq.(o.)(
Sa(=(Actual(number(of(stories(above(grade(plane(
(Note:(for(NFPA(13R(sprinklered(buildings,(Sa(shall(not(
(exceed(4;(for(all(other(buildings,(Sa(shall(not(exceed(3(
(
"  No(single(story(area(shall(exceed(Aa(
"  Unlimited(area(buildings(do(not(apply(
 IBC)Building)Size)Limits)w/Increases)
Business((B)(Occupancies((

Construc.on)Type) IIA) IIB) IV)

Allowable)Limit)
Stories( 6 4 6
Height((o)( 85 75 85
Building(Area/Story*((o2)( 70.3k 64.6k 67.5k
Total(Building(Area**((o2)( 421.8k 258.7k 405k
*(Assuming(all(stories(are(equal(area(
**Assuming(max(stories(built(

IBC(2012(Table(503(values(adjusted(for(fully(sprinkled(
with(an(NFPA(13(system,(100%(frontage(
Opportunity)for)Office)Occupancy)(B))
Type(IV( NFPA13(
( (
( ( With(Sprinkler(&(Frontage(
increases,(Type(IV(Group(B(
( ( building(can(be(405,000)sf)
85’*( (
(6(stories)(
(

Occupancy) Maximum)Story)area)(Q2)*)
B( 108,000(+27,000(max(frontage)(
*ASCE7(12.2O1(limits(wood(shear(wall(seismic(systems(to(65’(in(height((in(SDC(D,E,F(
(
(
(
Butler)Brothers)Building,)1906,)9)stories,)500,000)sf)
Architect:)Harry)W.)Jones)Renovated)1974)

•  Atrium(created(to(open(the(interior(and(provide(natural(ligh?ng(
•  The(Atrium(was(the(key(to(marketability(of(the(project(
6)Story)Heavy)Timber)Structure)

Office)Building)
Quebec,)QC)
Dimensions:(65(o(x(170(o(
Height:(6(storey,11050(sf.(
Completed:(2009(
 HT)Outside)of)Type)IV)Construc.on))
Type)IB,)IIA,)IIB:)
Heavy(?mber(roofs(can(be(
used(where(the(required(
fire(resistance(ra?ng(is(1(
hour(or(less((IBC(Table(601(
footnote(c)(

c.(In(all(occupancies,(heavy(?mber(shall(be(allowed(where(a(1Ohour(or(less(fireOresistance(
ra?ng(is(required(
HT)Outside)of)Type)IV)Construc.on))
Type)I)&)II:))
IBC)603.1.19)permits)Heavy)Timber)per)IBC)602.4.7:)
Where(a(horizontal(separa?on(of(20(feet(or(more(is(provided,(
wood(columns(and(arches(conforming(to(heavy(?mber(sizes(
shall(be(permiced(to(be(used(externally(

Edgewater(at(Michaels(Landing(Canopy,(West(Des(Moines,(IA(
Photo(Credit:(AG(Architecture(
 HT)Roofs:)AWC)Reference)Chart)
AWC(FAQ:(Allowable(uses(of(wood(roofs(in(construc?on(types(I(
through(IV((
(
(
(
(
(
(
(
(
(
(
hcp://www.awc.org/pdf/Wood%20Roof%20Systems%20per
%202009%20IBC%20FAQ.pdf(
(
 HT)Outside)of)Type)IV)Construc.on))
In)Type)III)&)V)Construc.on)Requiring)Fire)Resistance)Ra.ng:)
IBC(722.1(permits(calcula?on(of(fire*resistance(for(exposed(
wood(members(and(wood(decking(performed(in(accordance(
with(NDS(Chapter(16.)
•  Common(applica?ons(
are(exposed(?mber(
floors(and(roofs(in(IIIA,(
VA(construc?on(
•  Reduced((nonOcharred)(
sec?on(is(used(for(
structural(calcula?ons(
•  Protec?on(of(
connec?ons(required(
per(IBC(722.6.3.3(
Federal(Center(South(–(Building(1202(,(Seacle,(WA((
( Photo(Credit:(Benjamin(Benschneider(
 HT)Outside)of)Type)IV)Construc.on))
In)Type)III)&)V)Construc.on)Not)Requiring)Fire)Resistance)
Ra.ng:)
Exposed(heavy(?mber(of(any(size(can(be(used.(Full(sec?on(is(
used(for(structural(calcula?ons.(Min.(HT(sizes(in(IBC(602.4(do(
not(need(to(be(met.(

Duke(School,(Durham,(NC,(Photo(Credit:(Jerry(Markatos(
 Sprinkler)Subs.tu.on)Op.on)
IBC)Table)601,)footnote)d:)
NFPA(13(sprinkler(system(can(be(
subs?tuted(for(a(1hr(fire(ra?ng(
•  For(Type((IIA,(IIIA,(and(VA(
•  Subs?tu?on(can(NOT(be(used((
•  if(sprinkler(is(used(for(allowable(
height(or(area(increase(
•  for(exterior(wall(fire(ra?ng(
requirements(
•  for(required(occupancy(
separa?on(

Radiator(Building,(Portland,(OR,(Photo(Credit:(Josh(Partee(
 Concealed)Space)Limita.ons)on)HT)
Type)IV)Construc.on)requires)that)interior)elements)
be)without)concealed)spaces:)
•  Concealed(spaces(include(dropped(ceilings,(aÇcs,(
chases,(others(
Concealed(space(requirement(does(not(apply(to(any(other(
construc?on(type.(If(using(heavy(?mber(elements(in(non(
type(IV(construc?on,(concealed(spaces(are(permiced(but(
may(be(required(to(be(sprinklered(

Example(of(concealed(space(
created(by(dropped(ceiling((
Source:(US(CLT(Handbook(
Fire)Resistance)Ra.ng)PIBC)Table)601)
Type)IV)–)Heavy)TimberPFire)Requirements)

In(a(variety(of(ways(the(building(code(does(recognize(the(
ability(for(Heavy(Timber(to(resist(fires(through(charring.(
 Achieving)One)Hour)Equivalency)for)
Protected)Construc.on)
NDS(Chapter(16(
Fire(Design(of(Wood(Members(

(OR(

TR(10(
Available(from(AWC(website(
Equa.ons)for)Calcula.ng)Fire)Endurance)
• Assump?ons(
•  Nominal(assumed(char(rate=1.5”/hr.(
•  Uses(ul?mate(strength(for(design(check(
•  Reduced(sec?on(checked( (for(capacity(vs.(demand(

Source:(AWC’s(TR(10(
 Key)Component)1)–)Char)Rate)
ACCOUNTS(FOR(
NONOCHARRED(
STRENGTH(RED’N(
1.2β n
β eff = 0.187
t
CHAR(SLOWS(
WITH(TIMEO(
NON(LINEAR(

βeff( (=(( (Effec?ve(char(rate((in/hr),(adjusted(

(((((((((((( (for(exposure(?me,(t(
βn((=(( (Nominal(char(rate((in/hr),(linear((
((((((((((((char(rate(based(on(a(1Ohour(exposure((1.5”/hr.)(
t( (=( (Exposure(?me((hrs)(
(
 Protec.ng)Steel)Connec.ons)

TR)10))EXCERPTS)

•  1)hr.)Protec.onP1)½”)wood,)approved))
))))))covering)or)coa.ng)
 Structural)Requirements)

•  Columns(IBC+2304.10.1+
•  Con?nuous(or(superimposed(throughout(all(stories((
•  Intersec?ng(beams(shall(be(closely(ficed(to(column(faces(
•  Adjoining(beams(shall(be(cross(?ed(to(each(other((across(joints(
•  Wood(bolsters(shall(not(be(placed(on(tops(of(columns(unless(the(
columns(support(roof(loads(only(

Bolster)
Structural)Requirements)
•  Floor(framingOIBC(2304.10.2(
•  Approved(wall(plate(boxes(or(hangers(are(required(where(
beams,(girders(or(trusses(rest(on(masonry(or(concrete(
walls((
•  Intermediate(beams(suppor?ng(floors(shall(rest(on(the(
tops(of(girders(or(shall(be(supported(by(ledgers(securely(
fastened(to(the(girder(or(by)approved)metal)hangers)
•  Roof(framingOIBC(2304.10.3(
•  Every(girder(and(at(least(every(other(alternate(roof(beam(
shall(be(anchored(to(its(suppor?ng(member((
•  Anchors(shall(be(steel(or(iron(bolts(of(sufficient(strength(to(
resist(ver?cal(roof(uplio(loads(
Structural)Requirements)
•  Floor(deckingOIBC(2304.10.4(
•  A(min.(½”(gap(shall%be%provided%between%the%decking%
and%wall%to%allow%for%expansion%of%the%decking
•  Molding(acached(to(the(wall(shall(cover(the(gap(and(shall(
not(obstruct(the(movement(of(the(decking(
•  Diaphragm(connec?ons(to(perimeter(elements(should(
account(for(gap(
•  Roof(deckingOIBC(2304.10.5(
•  Where(roof(decks(are(supported(by(walls,(the(decks(shall(
be(anchored(to(the(walls(to(resist(uplio(forces(per(Chapter(
16.(
•  Anchors(shall(be(steel(or(iron(bolts(of(sufficient(strength(to(
resist(ver?cal(roof(uplio(loads(
Building)Acous.cs)Overview)
AirPborne)sound:)
•  Sound(Transmission(Class(
(STC)(
Measures(how(effec?vely(an(
assembly(isolates(airOborne(
sound(and(reduces(the(level(
that(passes(from(one(side(to(
the(other((
(
StructurePborne)sound:)
•  Impact(Insula?on(Class(
(IIC)(
Evaluates(how(effec?vely(an(
assembly(blocks(impact(sound(
from(passing(through(it(
(
Acous.cal)Code)Requirements)
IBC(Sec?on(1207:(
(
Min.)STC)of)50)(FSTC)of)45))for:)
•  All(Walls,(Par??ons,(and(Floor/Ceiling(Assemblies(
which(separate(adjacent(dwelling(units(or(a(
dwelling(unit(from(an(adjacent(public(area((
(
Min.)IIC)of)50)(FIIC)of)45))for:)
•  All(Floor/Ceiling(Assemblies(which(separate(
adjacent(dwelling(units(or(a(dwelling(unit(from(an(
adjacent(public(area((
 Acous.cal)Performance)of)HT)Floors)

Source:(Maxxon.com(
 Acous.cal)Performance)of)HT)Floors)

ASTC:(49((FIIC:(48()

FSTC:(50((FIIC:(45()
Source:(kine?csnoise.com(
 Interior)Walls)in)Type)IV:)Acous.cs)
•  1Ohour(fireOresistanceOrated(construc?on(

Source:(Gypsum(Associa?on(Fire(Resistance(Design(Manual(
 CLT)Acous.cs)
Sound Insulation of Bare CLT Floors and Walls
Number of Thickness (in. ) Assembly type STC IIC
layers

3 3-3/4 to 4-1/2 Wall 32-34 N.A.

5 5-1/3 Floor 39 23

5 5-3/4 Floor 39 24

Measured on field bare CLT wall and floor

Number of Thickness in. Assembly type FSTC FIIC

layers

3 4-1/8 Wall 28 N.A.

7 8-1/5 Floor N.A 25-30

Source:(US(CLT(Handbook(
 Acous.cal)Performance)of)CLT)Floors)

Source:(US(CLT(Handbook(
 Acous.cal)Performance)of)CLT)Floors)

Note:(dropped(ceiling(
creates(concealed(space(
which(is(not(permiced(in(
type(IV(construc?on(

Source:(US(CLT(Handbook(
 Acous.cal)Performance)of)CLT)Walls)

Source:(US(CLT(Handbook(
 Acous.cal)Performance)of)CLT)Walls)

Source:(US(CLT(Handbook(
More)CLT)Acous.cs)Info)

US)CLT)Handbook,)Chapter)9)
•  Acous?c(proper?es(of(CLT(
•  STC(and(IIC(rated(assemblies(
•  FSTC(and(FIIC(rated(assemblies(
•  Recommenda?ons(for(mee?ng(IBC(requirements(
Outline)

•  Heavy(Timber(Code(Requirements(
•  Design(Elements(
•  Unique(Design(Solu?ons(
•  Case(Studies(
•  Technical(Resources(
(
 BeamsPSolid)Sawn)&)Engineered)
Lumber)Products)
))
Glued(Laminated(Timber( Structural(Composite(Lumber(

Glued)Laminated)Beams)
Available)in:)
)))))Framing/Industrial)Grades)–))
•  Intended)for)nonPexposed)condi.ons) •  Bonded(wood((
•  Architectural))Grade–)Intended)for) ((((((veneers((
exposed))members.) •  Plies(
•  Premium)Grade)also)available) •  Strands(
)
Equivalent)Glued)Laminated)Net)Size)
IBC)Table)602.4)
Wood)member)Size)Equivalents)
Minimum)Nominal) Minimum)GluedPlaminated) Minimum)Structural))
Solid)Sawn)Size) Net)Size) Composite)Lumber)Net))Size)
Width,)Inch) Depth,)Inch) Width,)Inch) Depth,)Inch) Width,)Inch) Depth,)Inch)

8) 8) 6)¾)) 8)¾)) 7)) 7)½))

6) 10) 5) 10)½)) 5)¼))) 9)½))

6) 8) 5) 8)¼))) 5)¼))) 7)½))

6) 6) 5) 6)) 5)¼)) 5)½))

4) 6) 3) 6)7/8)) 3)½)) 5)½))

ColumnsPSolid)Sawn)&)Mul.PPly)Sec.ons))
•  IBC(sec?on(602.4.3OColumnsO(solid(sawn(or(
glueOlaminated(members(only.(
•  Nailed(builtOup(columns(in(accordance(with(
NDS(Commentary(sec?on(15.3(are(not(allowed(

Mul.PPly)Columns)OK)for)) Mul.PPly)Nailed)Columns)≠)Solid)Sec.on))
unprotected)Construc.on)
Heavy)Timber)Roof)
Heavy(?mber(framework(at(entries(serve(as(focal(points.(((

Photo(by(Universal(Forest(Products(
 Tongue)and)Groove)Decking)

•  AWC:WCD2PHorizontally)applied)
tongue)and)groove)decking)
Simple)span)
SimpleP2)span)Con.nuous)
3)or)more)spans)Con.nuous)
Controlled)random)layPup)
Diaphragm)Op.ons)

•  Horizontally(applied(tongue(and(groove(decking(
Low(allowable(diaphragm(shear(values,(Aspect(Ra?o(
(((((((((

((A/R)=2:1(
•  Diagonally(applied(tongue(and(groove(decking(
((((((((((((Single(layerO(moderate(shear(values,(A/R=3:1(
((((((((((((Double(layerO(high(shear(values,(A/R=4:1(
•  Wood(Structural(Panel(Sheathing(Over(Decking(
((((((((((Acts(as(blocked(diaphragm,(can(achieve(high(shear( (
((((((values:(600+(plf((seismic)(900+(plf((wind)((ASD,(8d( (((
((((((nails);(A/R=4:1((SDPWS(Tables(4.2.4(&(4.2A)(
Structural)Panels)Over)Decking)

Panel(Installa?on(Requirements(
•  ((Panel(Edges(must(not(coincide(with(decking((joints(
•  Panel(edges(must(be(acached(to(common(member(
•  Minimum(fastener(penetra?on(must(be(provided((1O3/8”(
for(8d,(1O1/2”(for(10d(per(SDPWS(Table(4.2A)(
•  Maximum(4:1(aspect(ra?o(is(allowed.((
•  A(complete(load(path(must(be(provided(for(forces(

Addi.onal)informa.on)can)also)be)found)in:))
•  APA(Form(TTO097(Designing(Diaphragms(Over(Exis?ng(
Board(Floors(or(Roofs(
•  ATC(7(Guidelines(For(The(Design(of(Horizontal(Wood(
Diaphragms((available(for(purchase(at(atcouncil.org)(
HT)Decking)with)WSP)Diaphragm)

Radiator(Building,(Portland,(OR,(Photo(Credit:(Josh(Partee(
Timber)Connec.ons)

•  Steel(Plate/Bolted(Connec?ons(
•  Split(Rings(
•  Shear(Plates(
•  Timber(Rivets(
•  Modern(Joinery(
•  Modern/innova?ve(Heavy(Timber(
Connec?ons(
Heavy)Timber)Standard)Prescrip.ve)Details)
WCD5)

IBC)sec.on)2304.10PHeavy)Timber)
Split)rings)
 Exposed)Steel)Plate/Bolted)Connec.ons)
Solid)sawn)members))
w/)bolted)steel)plate))
members)connec.ons)
)
•  Avoid)cross)grain)shrinkage))
)))))))by)using)sloued)holes)
)
•  Provide)drainage)holes)in))
)))))))bucket)type)connec.ons)
(
Steel)Plate)Connec.ons)

•  Shop)layout)of)en.re)assembly)) •  Use)the)steel)plates)as))
))))))bolt)hole)templates)
Split)RingsPWood)to)Wood)Connec.ons)

•  Act)as)large)diameter)bolts)(bearing)area))
•  Split)in)ring)allows)for)shrinkage)
•  NotePmalleable)iron)washer)for)bolt)to)wood)connec.on))
Shear)PlatesPSteel)to)Wood)Connec.ons)

•  Act)as)large)diameter)bolts)(bearing)area))
•  Commonly)used)in)steel)plated)gluePlam)trusses)
Timber)Rivets)

•  Oval)shaped)nails)with)narrow)side)parallel)to)grain)
•  Allows))closer)spacing)of)rivetsPreduces)splivng)
Modern)Joinery)

•  Computer)program)downloads)cuts)to)saw)
•  Allows))precision)joints)
Joinery)

•  Some)joints)s.ll)require)handcraQing)

•  CraQsmanship)provides)the)true))
))))))beauty)of)Timber)frame)structures)
JoineryPTypical)Tradi.onal)Examples)

HALFPLAP)DOVETAIL)COLLAR)TIE( COMMON)RAFTERS)AT)RIDGE(
 Modern)Heavy)Timber)Connec.ons)
Compe..veness)of)a).mber)structure)may)be)determined)by)the)efficiency)of)
the)connec.ons)used.))

Connections:
•  Easy to design
•  Aesthetically attractive
•  Good serviceability (e.g.,
shrinkage, ductility, etc.)
•  Cost-effective & availability
•  Fire resistant (as required)
(

S-958
 Use)of)CNC)Technology)for)Connec.ons)

•  Computer)Numerically)Controlled)(CNC))
connec.ons))
•  Ability)to)fabricate)joints)with)precision)
Innova.ve/Proprietary)Connec.on)Systems)
)

•  Long)selfPtapping)screws))

•  Grid)plates)

•  Embedded)end)
connec.ons) •  Embedded)kerf)plates)
 Innova.ve!Lag!Screw!Bolt!(LSB)!
Connec.on!System!
Developed in 1994 & has been modified in various forms

Source: Komatsu/Japan

hcp://www.ewpa.com/Archive/2004/jun/Paper_083.pdf((O(theory)(
hcp://www.?mberdesign.org.nz/files/00155%20Makoto%20Nakatani.pdfO((tes?ng)((
 LagScrewBolt!(LSB)!System!
slit t = 1 1m m

By inserting LSBs from both

surfaces of a post, a two way semi-
be a m rigid connection can be achieved
drift8 pins
ste e l pla te (d = 8 1 2m m ) •  LSB)extend)full)width)and)depth)of)column)
be a m beam •  Short)end)bolts)allow)for)installa.on)in).ght)
la gsc re w bolt
places)
•  ShaQ)provides)bearing)capacity)of)a)bolt)
drift8 pins
•  Threads)provide)pullPout)capacity)of)a)screw)))
(d= 8 12m m ) c olu m n
fire pro tec tin g c ov e r drift8 pins
(d=8 12mm)
Source: Komatsu/Japan
Alterna.ve)System)for)Large)Scale)
Timber)Construc.on
)

•  Easy)to)install)onPsite)

Source: Komatsu/Japan

•  LSB)can)create)semiPrigid)
connec.onsPsimilar)to)a)
moment)frame)
LagScrewBolt)(LSB))System)

•  SemiPrigid)connec.ons)
can)also)be)achieved)at)
the)column)base)
•  LSB)allow)installa.on)of)
bolts)in).ght)spaces)

Source: Komatsu/Japan
Innova.ve)Connec.on)Systems)
)

Shear((
transfer((
strip(
Shear((
transfer((
strip( Hybrid system- composite wood and concrete slabs
Outline)

•  Heavy(Timber(Code(Requirements(
•  Design(Elements(
•  Unique(Design(Solu?ons(
•  Case(Studies(
•  Technical(Resources(
(
Outline)

•  Heavy(Timber(Code(Requirements(
•  Design(Elements(
•  Unique)Design)Solu.ons)
•  Wood(Podiums(
•  Gas(Sta?ons(
•  Historic(Restora?on/Seismic(Retrofits(
•  Heavy(Timber(Braced(Frames(
•  Post(Frame(Construc?on(
•  CLTOMass(Timber(
•  Case(Studies(
•  Technical(Resources(
Horizontal)Separa.on)

•  Horizontal)Wood)Assemblies)are)
effec.vely)used)to)transi.on)from)
Residen.al)units)above)to)Retail/
Parking)below)
 Parking)Beneath)Group)R)–)IBC)510.4)

Possibility(of(a(Type(IV(podium(where(number(
of(stories(starts(above(parking(when:(
•  Occupancy(above(is(R(and(below(is(SO2(
•  Lower(floor(is(open(Type(IV(parking(
with(grade(entrance(
•  Horizontal(assembly(between(1st(and(
2nd(floor(shall(be(
2Hr!
"  Type(IV(

Type!IV!
"  Have(1(hr(fire(resistance(ra?ng(
when(sprinklered(
"  Have(2(hr(fire(resistance(ra?ng(
when(not(sprinklered( 5)story)Type)III)Building)
•  Overall(height(is(s?ll(limited(to( On)Top)of)a)Type)IV)
occupancy(
(
Case)Study:)Horizontal)Separa.on)

Galt)Place)Apartments)
Loca?on:(Galt,(CA(
Mixed(Use(Residen?al(over(
Retail(and(Parking(
Architect:(Applied(Architecture(
Outline)

•  Heavy(Timber(Code(Requirements(
•  Design(Elements(
•  Unique(Design(Solu?ons(
•  Unique)Design)Solu.ons)
•  Wood(Podiums(
•  Gas(Sta?ons(
•  Historic(Restora?on/Seismic(Retrofits(
•  Heavy(Timber(Braced(Frames(
•  Post(Frame(Construc?on(
•  CLTOMass(Timber(
•  Case(Studies(
•  Technical(Resources(
 Gas)Sta.on)Canopies)–)IBC)406.7.2)

Canopies(O(Shall(be(of(noncombus?ble(materials:((
•  FireOretardantOtreated(wood(((
•  Wood(of(Type(IV(sizes(((
•  or,(construc?on(providing(1Ohour(fire(resistance.(
((
Combus?ble(materials(used(in(or(on(a(canopy(shall(be:((
•  Shielded(from(the(pumps(by(a(noncombus?ble(element(of(
the(canopy((
•  or,(wood(of(Type(IV(sizes((
Gas)Sta.ons)

•  Heavy).mber)condi.on)

•  Shielded)condi.on)
Outline)

•  Heavy(Timber(Code(Requirements(
•  Design(Elements(
•  Unique(Design(Solu?ons(
•  Unique)Design)Solu.ons)
•  Wood(Podiums(
•  Gas(Sta?ons(
•  Historic(Restora?on/Seismic(Retrofits(
•  Heavy(Timber(Braced(Frames(
•  Post(Frame(Construc?on(
•  CLTOMass(Timber(
•  Case(Studies(
•  Technical(Resources(
 Seismic)Retrofit)of)Unreinforced)
))Masonry)Buildings)(URM))
URM
overhangs
Unreinforced
parapets and Hard
projections Spot,
no tie

Jacksonville Tavern,
Jacksonville, Oregon

•  Tall,)slender)unreinforced)piers)
•  Weak)lime)mortar)
•  Con.nuous)block)long)building)sec.ons)
•  Heavy).mber)is)oQen)used)to)seismically)
retrofit)these)buildings)for)lateral)forces)and)
for)outPofPplane)wall)forces)
Lateral))Instability)
Modeled with steel
moment frame

Hard
spot
Low roof

Open)Front)Eleva.on)
Outline)

•  Heavy(Timber(Code(Requirements(
•  Design(Elements(
•  Unique(Design(Solu?ons(
•  Unique)Design)Solu.ons)
•  Wood(Podiums(
•  Gas(Sta?ons(
•  Historic(Restora?on/Seismic(Retrofits(
•  Heavy(Timber(Braced(Frames(
•  Post(Frame(Construc?on(
•  CLTOMass(Timber(
•  Case(Studies(
•  Technical(Resources(
 Heavy)Timber)Braced)Frames)(HTBF))
Heavy(?mber(braced(frames(are(becoming(a(
preferred(alterna?ve(ver?cal/lateral(resis?ng(
system(due(to(cost,(performance(and(
aesthe?cs.(
"  R=3,)Ie=1.25)for)this)project)
"  OverPstrength,)system=2.0,)braces=2.5)
"  Overall)effect)))))))))))R=1)(remains)elas.c,)no)duc.lity)))
Simpson)Strong)Tie)Materials)Demo)Lab)–)1st)approved)
HTBF)approved)under)2007)CBC)and)ASCE)7P05)
"  SEAOC(2010(Conven?on(paper:((
hcp://www.arce.calpoly.edu/newsO
events/documents/heavyO?mberObracedO
frames.pdf((
"  Structure(Magazine(Ar?cle:(
hcp://www.structuremag.org/
ar?cle.aspx?ar?cleID=1221((

"  5000)sf.)facility)u.lizing)HT)braced)frames)
as)the)primary)LFRS)
Outline)

•  Heavy(Timber(Code(Requirements(
•  Design(Elements(
•  Unique(Design(Solu?ons(
•  Unique)Design)Solu.ons)
•  Wood(Podiums(
•  Gas(Sta?ons(
•  Historic(Restora?on/Seismic(Retrofits(
•  Heavy(Timber(Braced(Frames(
•  Post(Frame(Construc?on(
•  CLTOMass(Timber(
•  Case(Studies(
•  Technical(Resources(
 Post)Frame)Construc.on)

"  Previously)used)in)
agricultural)buildings)
"  Adapted)and)commonly)
used)in)commercial)
structures)

Features)
"  Wood(side(wall(posts(
"  Pitched(Trusses(
"  Wide(bay(spacing((8o(to(12o(+)(
"  Large(clear(spans((100(o(+)(
"  Embedded(wood(posts(or(concrete(piers(
"  Walls,(roof(usually(type(V(construc?on(
 Concept)of)Post)Framing)
•  2x(purlins(and(girts((at(
((((((16”(o.c.(to(24”(o.c.((
•  Single(or(double(
trussesODepending(on(
span(

"  Common)bearing)condi.ons)
Innova.ve)Founda.on)

•  Asphalt(and(polyethylene(wrap(
•  PouredOinOplace(concrete(pier(
•  BlowOmolded(plas?c(
•  PreOcast(reinforce(concrete(
columns(
•  HDPE(plas?c(barrier(
•  Polyethylene(post(sleeve(
More)informa.on:)
www.posxrameadvantage.com)
(
Structural)features)of)HT)Construc.on)
Large)roof)overhangs) Large)openings/Tall)walls)

Posts)allow)nonPstructural)infill)
Outline)

•  Heavy(Timber(Code(Requirements(
•  Design(Elements(
•  Unique(Design(Solu?ons(
•  Unique)Design)Solu.ons)
•  Wood(Podiums(
•  Gas(Sta?ons(
•  Historic(Restora?on/Seismic(Retrofits(
•  Heavy(Timber(Braced(Frames(
•  Post(Frame(Construc?on(
•  CLTOMass(Timber(
•  Case(Studies(
•  Technical(Resources(
 CLT)is)part)of)a)new)class)of)product…)
“Mass”ive)Timber)
•  CLT,(LVL,(LSL(and(glulam(beams(
•  Plate(elements(of(mass(?mber(
O(less(surface(area(to(volume(
ra?o(
•  Improved(fire(performance(
characteris?cs(
•  Efficient(u?liza?on(of(smaller(
diameter(trees(
•  Mass(Timber(elements(can(be(
used(for(both(ver?cal(and(
lateral((resis?ng(system(

The(Brief(Open(Academy,(Norfolk(England((
Design(Team:(Sheppard(Robson,(Romboll(uK(
Photo(credit:(KLH(
(
 What)is)Cross)Laminated)Timber)(CLT)?))
•  3(layers(min.(of(solid(
sawn(lams( 4(1/8”(to(19(1/2”(
•  90(deg.(crossOlams(
•  Similar(to(pw.(sht’g.( xis
inor A
10’X40’( M
8’X64’(

Photos(provided(by(FPInnova?ons(
 MassP”Timber”PForte’,)Melbourne,)Australia)
)
•  Tallest(modern(?mber(building(
(((((((O(10(stories(total(
•  9(stories(of(CLT(over(1(story(
concrete(podium(
•  Prefabricated(CLT(panels(
•  All(CLT(loadObearing(walls,(floor(
slabs,(and(elevator(and(stair(
shaos((

Architect:(Lendlease(
Photo(credit:(Lendlease(
(
 MassP”Timber”PTreet,)Bergen,)Norway)
)
•  Currently(under(
construc?on(
•  Once(complete(will(be(
tallest(modern(?mber(
building(
(((((((O(14(stories(total,(173(
(feet(tall(
•  Scheduled(comple?on(
Autumn(2015(
•  Unique(glulam(and(CLT(
module(construc?on(
(

Architect:(Arco(
Engineer:(Sweco(
(
 Structural)Flexibility)

•  Large(clear(spans(
•  Curved(shapes(
•  Solid(CLT(shaos(
•  Wood(podiums(
•  Can?lever(stairsOno(posts(
•  Long(can?lever(roof(
overhangs(
Office)Buildings)using)CLT)Construc.on)

•  Short)construc.on).me)
•  Similar)to)concrete).ltPup)buildings)
 Case)StudyPCLT)Milestone)in)Montana)

The)Long)Hall)
•  First(CLT(project(in(the(US,(using(a(US(
CLT(supplier.((
•  Type(VB–CLT(walls(and(floor,(glueOlam(
roof(beams(and(decking(
•  2(stories,(mixed(use(
•  5(days(to(erect,(3(months(from(
founda?on(to(occupancy(
•  Cost(effec?venessO(short(construc?on(
?me(and(keeping(CLT(panels(as(
interior(finish(

Designer:(Datum(Design(Draoing(
Engineer:(CLT(Solu?ons(
Photo:(gravityshots.com(
Loca?on:(Whitefish,(MT(
Solid)Timber)ShaQ)Walls)

•  Eliminates(using(concrete(or(masonry((
•  Short(construc?on(?me(
•  Saves(money(
 Enhancing)Structural)Flexibility)with)CLT)
6-storey glulam post-and-beam
structure with reinforced concrete
cores (CSN FondAction)
Concrete(cores(to(resist(
lateral(loads(

Heavy)Timber)Frame)MidPrise))
Building,)Quebec)City)
)
•  Posts(and(beams(support(gravity(loads(
•  Concrete(cores(resist(lateral(loads((
(

CLT)shaQs)could)be)subs.tuted)for)the)
concrete)cores)
(

CLT)floor)and)roof)panels)could)be)used)
as)solid)rigid)diaphragm)elements)
Glulam(post((
&(beams(
 Is)CLT)recognized)by)the)building)Code?)

2015(IBC?(YES!(
Sec?on(602.4OHeavy(Timber((
and(sec?on(2303.1.4.(
Addi.onal)detailed)informa.on)is)available)at)www.woodworks.org))
 Fire)Performance)
•  ASTM E119 Fire Endurance •  2015 NDS Chapter 16 includes
Test char rates for CLT to achieve
•  5-Ply CLT (6-7/8” thick) up to 2 hour fire rating
•  5/8” Type X GWB each side
•  2 hour target
•  Actual 3 hours 6 minutes
Product)Standardiza.on)
US)CLT)Handbook)

1.  Introduc?on( 10. Enclosure(

2.  Manufacturing( 11. Environmental(
3.  Structural( 12. Lioing(
4.  Lateral(
5.  Connec?ons(
6.  DOL(and(Creep(
7.  Vibra?on(
8.  Fire(
9.  Sound((

www.mass?mber.com(
Outline)

•  Heavy(Timber(Code(Requirements(
•  Design(Elements(
•  Unique(Design(Solu?ons(
•  Case(Studies(
•  Technical(Resources(
Outline)–)Case)Studies)

•  Commercial,(Offices(
•  Airports(
•  HealthCare(
•  Schools(
•  Apartments/Lodges(
•  Churches(
•  Performing(Arts(Centers(
•  Aqua?c(Centers/Arenas(
 Case)Study:)Greenest)Building)in)the)World)
Bulliu)Center))
•  Loca?on:(Seacle,(WA.(
•  Type(IV(construc?on(
•  4(stories(of(wood(over(a(
(((((((2(story(concrete(podium(
•  Net(Zero(Building(
•  Construc?on(cost($360/sf.(
•  GoalO(250(year(life(expectancy(

Architect:(Miller(Hull(Partnership(
Photo(Credit:((Miller(Hull(Partnership(
 Case)Study:)1st)US)Commercial)Bldg.)“w/)NA)CLT”)

Promega)GMP)FacilityOclient(&(staff(
recep?on(area)
•  Loca?on:(Madison,(WI.(
•  Type(IV(construc?on(
•  2(stories(of(heavy(?mber(and(CLT(
•  52,000(sf.(addi?on(

(Architect:(Uihlein(Wilson(Architects(
(
 Case)Study:)Heavy)Timber)Office)Building)

Radiator)Building)
•  Portland,(OR(
•  5(stories(
•  36,000(sf(
•  Completed(2015(
Photo(Credit:(Josh(Partee(
 Case)Study:)Wood)Innova.on)Design)Center)

Wood)Innova.on)Design)Center)
•  Loca?on:(Prince(George,(BC(
•  Glulam,(LVL,(and(CLT(structure((
•  8(stories,(97(feet(tall(

(Architect:(Michael(Green(Architecture(
(
 Winery)Fermenta.on)Barn)

Nickel)&)Nickel)Winery)
•  Loca?on:(Oakville,(CA(
•  U?lizes(tradi?onal(post(and(beam(
joinery(
Design(Team:(Taylor(Lombardo(Architects(LLP,(JVA(
Incorporated(
Photo(Credit:(Adrian(GregoruÇ(
 Airports)

Jackson)Hole)Airport)
•  Loca?on:(Jackson(Hole,(WY(
•  LEED(Silver(
•  Completed(2010(

Design(Team:(Gensler,(Mar?n,(Mar?n(
Photo(Credit:(Machew(Millman,(Tim(Griffith(
(
 Case)Study:)Portland)Interna.onal)Jetport)

Portland)Interna.onal)Jetport)
•  Loca?on:(Portland,(ME(
•  LEED(Gold(
•  Completed(2012(
Design(Team:(Gensler,(Oest(Associates(
Photo(Credit:(DeStafano(&(Chamberlain,(Inc,(Robert(Benson(Photography(
 Airport:)Hybrid)Glulam)Trusses)

Raleigh)Durham)Interna.onal)Terminal)2)
•  Loca?on:(Morrisville,(NC(
•  Hybrid(Glulam(Trusses(up(to(136(o(spans(
•  Completed(2010(
Design(Team:(Fentress(Architects,(ARUP(
Photo(Credit:(Structurlam(Products(
Healthcare)

Willson)Hospice)House)
Loca?on:(Albany,(GA(
•  LEED(Silver(
•  Completed(2010(
Design(Team:(Perkins+Will,(Uzun(&(Case(
Photo(Credit:(Jim(Roof(Crea?ve(Photography(
 Case)StudyPHerrington)Recovery)Center)
Loca.on:)Okonomowoc,)WI)

Architect:(TWP(Architecture(
Photo:(Cur?s(Waltzrington(
(
•  3(story,(21,000(sf.(
•  Exposed(gluOlam(beams(and(decking(
•  Wood(selected(for(its(warmth,(and(healing(effects(
Photo:(Tom(Davenport(
 Schools)

Heavy(Timber(as(defined(in(
Sec?on(602(of(the(IBC(may(be(
used.(
Example(Project;(
•  Fayeceville,(NC(
•  Type(V(w/firewall(
•  110,000sf(
•  Heavy(Timber(Roof(System(
 Case)Study:)CLT)Framed)School)
Franklin)Elementary)School)
•  Loca?on:(Franklin,(WV(
•  2(storiesO(45,200(sf.(((
•  Structure(erected(in(less(than(3(
months(
•  1st(CLT(School(in(US(
•  Completed(2015(
Architect:(MSES(Architects(
 Case)Study:)Natural)School)Sevng)
Indian)Mountain)Student)Arts)&)Innova.on)Center)
•  Loca?on:(Lakeville,(CT(
•  Exposed(wood(chosen(for(warmth(and(to(reflect(school’s(natural(
seÇng(
•  Glulam(beams(&(columns,(salvaged(wood(flooring(

Design(Team:(Flansburgh(Architects,(
Roome(&(Guarracino(
Photo(Credit:(Robert(Benson(
Photography(
Case)Study:)Earth)Sciences)Building)
Earth)Sciences)Building,)University)
of)Bri.sh)Columbia)
•  Loca?on:(Vancouver,(BC(
•  5(storiesO(158,770(sf.(((
•  Exposed(CLT(roof(panel(and(glulam(
column(exterior(canopy(
•  Wood(chevron(braces(are(lateral(frame((

Architect:(Perkins(+(Will(
Photos:(www.naturallywood.com(
Case)Study:)Posi.ve)Learning)Environment)
)
Duke)Lower)&)Middle)School)
•  Loca?on:(Durham,(NC.(
•  Type(VB(
•  1(story(–(79,204(sf.((
•  5(new(wood(buildings,(4(exis?ng(

•  GlueOlam(columns,(girders,(and(arches((
•  exposed(T&G(decking((
•  Reason(for(using(exposed(wood(framing(
"  (aesthe?cs((
"  How(the(warmth(and(beauty(of(wood(
Architect:(DTW(Architects( could(influence(the(students.((
Case)Study:)Integra.ng)Nature)with)Mass)Timber)
)
Burr)&)Burton)Academy)–)
Mountain)Campus)
•  Loca?on:(Peru,(VT(
•  1(story(–(4,000(sf.((
•  LEED(Pla?num((83(points)(
•  Net(Zero(
•  Has(won(3(Sustainable(Design(
Awards(

Architect:(Bensonwood(
Case)Study:)Learning)With)Natural)Wood)
Albert)Lea)High)School)
•  Loca?on:(Albert(Lea,(MN(
•  Type(IV(roof(system(in(type(II(building(
•  2(storiesO(270,000(sf.((
•  Wood(provided(the(warmth(and(
beauty(desired((

•  Architect:(DLR(Group(

Photo(courtesy(of(APAOThe(Engineered(Wood(Associa?on(
Case)Study:)Cost)savings)and)Aesthe.cs)
El)Dorado)High)School)Gym)
•  Loca?on:(El(Dorado,(AR(
•  Type(IV(heavy(?mber(trussesO165’(span(
•  Using(barrel(roof(and(pw(sheathing(as(
opposed(to(flat(roof(with(parapets(and(
decking(saved($60,000(
.((

Architect:(CADM(Architects(

Photos(courtesy(of(APAOThe(Engineered(Wood(Associa?on(
 Mul.PFamily)Housing)
1201)Mercer/Rivet)
•  Loca?on:(Seacle,(WA(
•  Completed(2014(
•  145,000(sf(
•  5(Stories(Type(VA(over(2(story(
podium,(some(exposed(HT(

Design(Team:(Ankrom(Moisan(
Architects,(YT(Engineers((
Photo(Credit:(Casey(Braunger,(CBPhoto(
(exterior);(Conor(Musgrave((interior)(
 Lodging)

The)Cedar)House)Sport)Hotel)
•  Loca?on:(Truckee,(CA(
•  U?lized(local(cedar,(exposed(PSL(
Design(Team:(Ken(Meffan(Architect,(
Baird(Structural(Design(Inc.(
Photo(Credit:(Donna(Reid(
 Case)Study:)Bridport)House,)London,)UK)
)
•  Two(blocks:(5(and(8(stories,(41(
apartments(total(
•  All(CLT(loadObearing(walls,(floor(
slabs,(and(elevator(and(stair(
shaos((
•  Light(weight(CLT(structure(
accommodated(exis?ng(storm(
sewer(under(site(
•  CLT(construc?on(?me(was(12(
weeks:(50%(faster(than(with(
other(materials(
•  Carbon(benefit:(each(apartment(
stores(more(than(30(tons(of(CO2(

Architect(and(photo(credit:(
Karakusevic(Carson(Architects(
(
 Churches)
•  Heavy(?mber(is(a(common(theme(in(churches(and(religious(centers(
•  Provides(warmth(and(beauty(and(a(harmony(with(nature(

Hinsdale)United)Methodist)Church,)Hinsdale,)IL)
Design(Teram:(Saavedra(Gehlhausen(Architects,(Hanson(Professional(Consultants(
Photo(Credit:(McShaneOFleming(Studios(
 Churches)

Architect:(CDH(Partners,(Inc.(
Engineer:(KSI(Structural(Engineers(

•  Heavy(?mber(trusses(and(wood(decking(
•  Spire(created(unique(skylight(effect(
Christ)the)King)Catholic)Church)PHamilton,)GA)
 Churches)

St.)Martha)Catholic)Church)–)Porter,)TX)
Design(Team(:(Turner(Duran(Architects,(Pinnacle(
Structural(Engineers( •  45,000(sf(
Photo(Credit:(G.(Lyon(Photography,(Inc.(( •  Glulam(trusses(&(columns,(T&G(decking(
)
 Case)Study)–)Oakland)Cathedral)

Design(Team:((Skidmore(Owings(&(Merrill,(Craig(W.(Harman,(Webcore(Buildiers(
Photo(Credit:(Timothy(Hursley,(Cesar(Rubio,(and(John(Blaustein(
Cathedral)of)Christ)the)Light)–Oakland,)CA) •  108(o(high(DF(Glulam(arches(
 Case)Study:)Arena)Stage)at)the)Mead)Center)
Photo:(Nic(Lehoux(
Architect:(Bing(Thom(
Architects(
(

•  Loca?on:(Washington,(D.C.(
•  Expansion(and(renova?on(of(a(200,000(sf.(theater((
((((((((complex(((
•  PSL(?mber(columns(suppor?ng(roof(and(glass(facade(
•  Column(capacity(is(400(kips(
(
.((
 Aspen)Art)Museum)

Aspen)Art)Museum))
•  Loca?on:(Aspen,(CO(
•  Completed(2014(
•  Exterior(woven(wood(screen,(interior(HT(trusses(
Design(Team:(Shigeru(Ban(Architects,(Turner(Construc?on(
Photo(Credit:(Michael(Moran,(Derek(Skalko(
(
 Biomass)Facility)
Biomass)Hea.ng)Plant,)Hotchkiss)School)
Loca?on:(Lakeville,(CT(
•  Completed(2012(
•  LEED(Gold(Cer?fied(
Design(Team:(Centerbrook(Architects(and(Planners,(
DeStafano(&(Chamberlain,(Inc.(
Photo(Credit:(David(Sundberg/Esto(
 Aqua.c)Centers)

•  66,500(sf.(aqua?c(center(
•  (10(½”x41(½”(glueOlams(spanning(130(o.,(
spaced(at(12’(oc.(
•  2(½”(T&G(decking(overlaid(w/(pw(sheathing(
•  130(o.(span,(the(glulam(columns(and(beams(
had(to(be(assembled(onOsite.(

.((
 Aqua.c)Centers)
West)Vancouver)Aqua.c)Centre)
Design(Team:(Hughes(Condon(Marler(
Architects,(Fast(and(Epp(Engineers(
Photo(Credit:(Nic(Leboux,(Gary(Oce,(
Mar?n(Tessler(
(

•  Curved(glulam(beams(
and(wishbone(columns(
provide(ver?cal(and(
lateral(support(
•  $7.5(Million(total(cost(
 Buffalo)HarborCenter)Rink)1)

Buffalo)HarborCenter,)Rink)1)
•  Loca?on:(Buffalo,(NY(
•  140(o(span(Hybrid(Glulam(Truss(
•  Completed(2014(
•  2(rinks(part(of(a($163M(project(
Photo(Credit:(harborcenter.com(
 Anaheim)Ice)Arena)
))

Arch)splice))
connec.on)

Architect:(Frank(Gehry( 116’)Span)Glulam)Arches)
Photo(Credit:(Western(Wood(Structures(
University)Laval)Soccer)Stadium,)Quebec)
City))

Typical)concealed)hinge))
(pinned))connec.ons))
 Richmond)Olympic)Oval,)Richmond,)B.C.)

•  Mul?Opurpose(arena(with(500,000(sf.(floor(area(
•  330’(clear(span(arches(w/(2(way(curvature(roof(
covering(6(acres(
•  Proprietary(Woodwave(panel(roof(system( Credit:(naturallywood.com((
spanned(between(the(composite(glueOlam( Design(team:(CannonDesign(
arches( Owner:(City(of(Richmond(
Outline)

•  Heavy(Timber(Code(Requirements(
•  Design(Elements(
•  Unique(Design(Solu?ons(
•  Project(Examples(
•  Technical(Resources(
(
 WoodWorks(–(Resources(for(You((
Technical)Assistance)
help@woodworks.org))
•  Code(issuesOH/A,(fire(protec?on(
•  Design(assistance(
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•  Product(informa?on(

Wood)Solu.ons)Fairs)
Educa.on)and)Design)Tools)
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•  Design)guides)and)standards)
•  Design)soQware)
•  CAD)&)REVIT)details)
•  OnPline)calculators)
•  Span)Tables)
Case)Studies)
…and(more(at(woodworks.org(((
 Other(Resources((

•  American)Wood)Council)P)www.awc.org)

•  APAPEngineered)Wood)Associa.onP)
www.apawood.org)
•  www..mberframeengineeringcouncil.org/)

•  Timber)Framers)GuildP)www.xguild.org/)

•  Timber)Frame)Business)CouncilP))
)))))))www..mberframe.org)
For)more)informa.on)

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