Category: I Marks: 2

1. The temperstutre of sink of Carnot Engine is 300K. Efficiency of the engine iS 25%. The temperature
of the source is
a. 400 K
b. 200 K
c. 600 K
d. 800 K
Answer: 400K

2. The efficiency of a Carnot cycle operating between reservoirs maintained at 27 0C and -123 0 C is
a. 50%
b. 20%
c. 7. 5%
d. 0.4%
Answer: (a) 50%

3. In an ideal refrigerator, the lower temperature is at 250K and the compressed gas in the condenser
has a temperature of 300K. the coefficient of performance is
a. 6.5
b. 6
c. 8
d. 5
Answer :5

4. For which combination of working temperatures the efficiency of Carnot’s engine is highest
a. 80 K , 60 K
b. 100 K , 80 K
c. 60 K , 40 K
d. 40 K , 20 K
Answer: (d)

5. The coefficient of performance of a Carnot refrigerator working between 300K and 270K is
a. 10
b. 9
c. 1
d. 0

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 Answer: (b)

6. A Carnot engine working between 273K and 546K has work output of 800J per cycle. What is the
amount of heat energy supplied to the engine from the source per cycle?
a. 1800 J/cycle
b. 1600 J/cycle
c. 2000 J/cycle
d. 1000 J/cycle
Answer: (b)

7. An ideal heat engine that rejects heat at 350K has efficiency of 30%. It must take heat at
a. 600K
b. 500K
c. 800K
d. 450K
Answer: (b)

8. A Carnot engine absorbs an amount of heat Q from a reservoir maintained at temperature T. The
amount of heat rejected to the sink maintained at temperature T/3 is
a. Q
b. Q/2
c. Q/3
d. Q/4
Answer: (c)

9. The efficiency of a Carnot engine operating between 227 0C and 27 0 C is

a. 6/5
b. 2/5
c. 5/4
d. 5/3
Answer: (b)

10. What is the work done when one mole of ideal gas expands isothermally at 300K to double its
original volume [ Take R = 8.3 J / deg mole and log e 2 = 0.7]
a. 2100 J
b. 100 J
c. 1743J
d. 1400J
Answer: ( c)

Category: II Marks: 2

11. Which of the accompanying PV diagrams best represents an isothermal process

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V
 (a) (b) P

P
P
(c) (d)

V
V

Answer: (b)
12. A system goes from A to B via two processes I and II as shown in figure. If ΔU 1 and ΔU 2 are
the changes in internal energies in the processes I and II respectively, then
P

(a) ΔU II >ΔU I II

(b) ΔU II <ΔU I A B
I

(c) ΔU I =ΔU II V

(d) Relation between ΔU I and ΔU II cannot be determined

Answer : (c)
13. An ideal gas is taken around ABCA as shown in the above P-V diagram. The work done during a cycle
is
P
B
(a) 2PV (3P, 3V)

(b) PV
A C
(c) 1/2PV (P,V) (P, 3V)
V
E D
(d) Zero

Answer : (a)

14. The P-V diagram shows seven curved paths (connected by vertical paths) that can be followed by a
gas. Which two of them should be parts of a closed cycle if the net work done by the gas is to be at
its maximum value?

P a
(a) ac b
c
(b) cg d
e
(c) af f
g
(d) cd V

Answer : ( c) af

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15. In pressure-volume diagram given below, the isochoric, isothermal, and isobaric parts respectively,
are
P A B
(a) BA, AD, DC
C
(b) DC, CB, BA
(c) AB, BC, CD D
V
(d) CD, AB,D A
Answer: (b)

16. Three moles of an ideal gas at pressure P A and temperature T A is isothermally expanded to
twice its initial volume. It is then compressed at constant pressure to its original volume. Finally the
gas is compressed at constant volume to its original pressure P A . Which of the following diagram
describes the process correctly?
P P
A C
(a) PA (b) PA

C B A B
PA/2 PA/2

VA 2VA V VA 2VA V
P
P
A PA A
B
PA

(c) (d)
B
PA/2 C
PA/2 C

v/2 vA v
TA/2 TA T

Answer : (a)
17. A thermodynamic system is taken from state A to B along ACB and is brought back to A along BDA as
shown in the PV diagram. The net work done during the complete cycle is given by the area
P
B
P2
(a) P1ACBP2P1 C

(b) ACBB'A'A D
P1 A
(c) ACBDA
A B V
(d) ADBB'A'A
Answer : (c)

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18. In the diagrams (i) to (iv) of variation of volume with changing pressure is shown. A gas is taken along
the path ABCD. The change in internal energy of the gas will be

V D V
C D C

A A B
B

(i) P (ii) P

D C V D
V C

A
A B B

(iii) P (iv) P

(a) Positive in all cases (i) to (iv)

(b) Positive in cases (i), (ii) and (iii) but zero in (iv) case
(c) Negative in cases (i), (ii) and (iii) but zero in (iv) case
(d) Zero in all four cases

Answer : (d)

19. A cyclic process ABCA is shown in the V-T diagram. Process on the P-V diagram is
V

C B

A T
P C
(a) (b) P
B

A
B A C
V
V
P P
A A
B

C B Page 5 of 13
C
V V
 (c) (d)

Answer: (c )

20. In the cyclic process shown in the figure, the work done by the gas in one cycle is
(a) 28 P1 V 1
P
7P1

(b) 14 P1 V 1

(c) 18 P1 V 1

(d) 9 P1 V 1 P1
V
V1 4V1

Answer : (d)

Category: III Marks : 1

21. According to zeroth law of thermodynamics
a. Kinetic energy of molecules of a gas is zero
b. Ideal gas does not contain molecules
c. Absolute zero temperature cannot be attained
d. If two systems are in thermal equilibrium with a third system then they themselves
are in thermal equilibrium each other
Answer : (d). If two systems are in thermal equilibrium with a third system
then they themselves are in thermal equilibrium each other

22. In Carnot cycle first step is

a. Isothermal expansion
b. Isothermal compression
c. Adiabatic expansion
d. Adiabatic compression
Answer :a. Isothermal Expansion

23. The efficiency of a Carnot Cycle working between steam point and ice point is
a. 1
b. 26.8%
c. 16.8%
d. zero
Answer : b. 26.8%

24. The ratio of adiabatic to isothermal elasticity of a gas is

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 a. γ
b. γ2
c. γ-1
d. γ-1/2
Answer : a. γ

25. The efficiency of a reversible Carnot engine working between temperature T 1 and T2 (T2< T1)
is
T2
a. −1
T1
T1
b. −1
T2
T2
c. 1−
T1
T1
d. 1−
T2

T2
Answer : c. 1−
T1

26. An adiabatic process occurs at constant

a. temperature
b. pressure
c. heat
d. None of these

Answer :c. heat

PV
27. The gas law = constant is true for
T
a. Isothermal change only
b. Adiabatic change only
c. Both isothermal and adiabatic changes
d. None of these

Answer : c Both isothermal and adiabatic changes

28. The physics underlying the working of a refrigerator resembles the physics underlying :
a. Ice formation
b. Vapour compression machine
c. Vaporization of water
d. Heat engine

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 Answer :d. Heat engine

29. The door of a running refrigerator inside a room is kept open; Choose the correct statement
a. The room will be cooled slightly
b. The room will be cooled to the initial temperature inside the refrigerator
c. The room will be warmed up gradually
d. The temperature of the room will remain unaffected.

Answer :c. The room will be warmed up gradually

30. A reversible heat engine can be 100% efficient, if the temperature of the sink is _________.

a. less than that of the source

b. at absolute zero temperature (OK)
c. equal to that of source
d. at 00 C
Answer : b. At absolute zero temperature.

31. Which of the following processes is reversible?

a. Transfer of heat by radiation
b. Electrical heating of nichrome wire
c. Both (a) and (b)
d. Isothermal compression
Answer :d. Isothermal compression

32. Ina cyclic process, the internal energy of the gas

a. increases
b. Decreases
c. Becomes zero
d. Remains constant
Answer : d. Remains constant

33. For a reversible process, the necessary condition is

a. That the process should be too fast
b. In the whole cycle the loss of heat energy should be zero
c. That the process should be so slow that the working substance should be in
mechanical equilibrium with the surroundings
d. That the loss of energy should be zero and it should be quasistatic

Answer :d. That the loss of energy should be zero and it should be quasistatic

34. Which law of thermodynamics introduces the concept of internal energy?

a. Zeroth law

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 b. First law
c. Second law
d. None of the above
Answer :b. First law

35. The work done in the isothermal expansion of one mole of ideal gas from V 1 to V2 is
V2
a. W = RT ×2.303 log 10
V1
V1
b. W = RT ×2.303 log 10
V2
c. zero
R
d. W = V −V 1
γ −1 2
V2
Answer :a. W = RT ×2.303 log 10
V1

36. The work done in the adiabatic expansion of one mole of ideal gas from (P 1V1 T1 ) to(P 2V2T2
) is
R
a. W = ¿ ¿]
γ −1
1
b. W = [P V ¿ ¿ 2−P1 V 1]¿
1−γ 2
c. Both (a) and (b)
V2
d. W = RT ×2.303 log 10
V1
Answer :c. Both (a) and (b)

37. Which of the following is/are irreversible process(es)

a. Spontaneous expansion gas into an evacuated space
b. Conduction of heat along a metal bar
c. Transfer of electricity through a resistor
d. All the above processes
Answer : d. All the above processes

38. The efficiency of a heat engine is defined as the

a. ratio of mechanical work done by the engine in one cycle to the heat absorbed
from the higher temperature
b. mechanical work done by the engine in one cycle
c. ratio of total heat absorbed by the engine to the heat rejected by the engine
d. none of the above
Answer : a. ratio of mechanical work done by the engine in one cycle to the

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 heat absorbed from the higher temperature

39. Total work done by the Carnot engine working between the temperatures T 1 and T2 in one
cycle is [ η is the efficiency, Q1 is the heat absorbed and Q2 is the heat rejected to the sink ]
V2
a. R[T 1−T 2 ]× log e .
V1
b. η Q1
c. η Q2
d. Both (a) and (b)
Answer :d. Both (a) and (b)

40. A Carnot engine working in opposite direction act as

a. Back engine
b. Diesel Engine
c. Refrigerator
d. Petrol engine
Answer : c. refrigerator

41. “Heat cannot by itself flow from a body at lower temperature to a body at higher
temperature” is a statement or consequence of
a. Second law of thermodynamics
b. Conservation of momentum
c. Conservation of mass
d. First law of thermodynamics
Answer :a. Second law of Thermodynamics

42. “No engine can be more efficient than a perfectly reversible engine working between the
same two temperatures”. This is the statement of
a. First law of thermodynamics
b. Carnot’s theorem
c. Clausius’ statement
d. Kelvin’s second law of thermodynamics
Answer :b. Carnot’s Theorem

43. It is impossible to construct an engine which, operating in a cycle, has the sole effect of
extracting heat from a reservoir and performing equal amount of work” This is
a. Clausius’ statement of second law of Thermodynamics
b. Kelvin – Planck statement of second law of thermodynamics
c. Carnot’s theorem
d. None of the above
Answer : b. Kelvin – Planck statement of second law of thermodynamics

44. The cylinder in the Carnot engine has

a. Perfectly conducting walls

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 b. Perfectly conducting base
c. Perfectly conducting piston which moves without friction
d. Real gas as working substance
Answer :b. Perfectly conducting base

45. The heat reservoir acting as sink in Carnot engine

a. is always at constant temperature ,less than that of source
b. has infinite thermal capacity
c. can take any amount of heat rejected by the engine
d. All of these
Answer :d. All of these

46. During Isothermal compression in Carnot cycle

a. Work is done on the gas
b. Work is done by the gas
c. No work is done
d. Pressure remains constant
e. Answer :a. Work is done on the gas

47. Choose the correct statement

a. In a refrigerator heat flows from lower temperature to lower temperature on its
own.
b. It is possible to get continuous supply of work from a body by cooling it to a
temperature lower than that of the surroundings
c. In a heat engine the working substance extracts heat from the source , convert part
of it to work and reject the rest to a sink at lower temperature
d. Maximum possible efficiency of the Carnot engine is 100%

Answer :c. In a heat engine the working substance extracts heat from the
source, convert part of it to work and reject the rest to a sink at lower temperature

48. In an isobaric process

a. Pressure is constant
b. Temperature is constant
c. Volume is constant
d. Pressure and temperature is constant
Answer :a. Pressure is constant
49. In an adiabatic process
a. PV γ = constant
b. PV = constant
c. P γ-1 T γ = constant
d. PT = constant
Answer: a. PV γ = constant
50. In an isochoric process

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a. Pressure is constant
b. Temperature is constant
c. Volume is constant
d Pressure and temperature is constant
Answer :c Volume is constant
*****************************

Exercise [L_8]
1. Dry air at NTP is compressed adiabatically to one-third of its original
volume. Calculate the resulting pressure ( γ= 1.4)
2. A Carnot engine whose temperature of the source is 400K takes 500
calories of heat at this temperature and rejects 400 calories heat to the
sink. What is the temperature of the sink and what is te hefficiency of
the engine?
3. A Carnot engine working as a refrigerator between 250 K and 300K
receives 1000 calories of heat from the reservoir at the lower
temperature.(i) Calculate the amount of heat rejected to the reservoir at
the higher temperature (ii) Calculate the amount of work done in each
cycle to operate the reservoir.
4. A reversible engine works between two temperatures whose difference is
100K. If it absorbs 746 joules of heat from the source and rejects 546
joules of heat to the sink, calculate the temperature of the source and
the sink.
5. A Carnot engine has the same efficiency between 1000K and 500K and
between x K and 1000K. (This being tempt of the sink) Calculate x.
6. The efficiency of a Carnot cycle is 1/6. if on reducing the temperature of
the sink by 650C the efficiency becomes 1/3. Find the final and initial
temperatures between which the cycle is working.
7. A Carnot engine working between a source at 400K and a sink at T 2 has
an efficiency of 50%. If the tempts of both source and sink is increased
by100K, what is the efficiency of the engine?

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