atanora Study SSStack Free Medial Flashcards about anatomy 1.8 anatomy 1a mcq for MRCS part 1 [Question 'A 19 year old female i acted with suspected meningitis. The House [Officer's due to perform lumoar puncture, What isthe most ikely structure rst encountered when the need Is inserted? [Answer A. Ligamentum flavum 8. Denticulat ligament C. Dural sheath D. Pia Mater. Supraspinous ligament = correct answer Inwhich evel is mbar puncture needle inserted? termination of spinal cord at which eve adult) Lana ans Lt structures pierced by LP needlein order? skin superficial fascia )supraspinausligament linerspinous IigamentSiigamentum flavum Sjepdural venous sinus containing vertebral venous plexus Jeuramater Jarachnoié mater (A. year old male being examined nthe pre-operative assesament [lnc A murmur identified inthe Sty intercostal space just next co the eft ede othe sternum. From were les most key thave loiinates? A. Mitral valve B. Acti valve C. Pulmonary valveD. Right ventricular eurysm€. Tricuspid valve correct answer sites of auscultation of heart sound? [Pulmonary valve Left second intercostal space atthe upper sternal Border ori ve Right secon irercostal space at the ver tral Border Mitral valve Lett ith intercostal space, ust medial tamid clvicar ine atreuspid valve L Pulmonary valve location Pulmonary valve Left second intercostal space, atthe upper sternal border (Rare valve location Mitral valve location [Aortic valve Right second intercostal space atthe upper sternal border Mitral valve Left ith intercostal space, just medial to mid elavcular ine tricuspid valve location Left ith intercostal space atthe lower left sternal border [Whats the correct embryologcal origin ofthe stapes? pharyngeal arch develop at which week of embryonic prow? [A First pharyngeal arch B. Second pharyngeal arch correct ans C, Third Paryngeal arch D. Fourth pharyngeal arch if pharyngeal rch ath haryngoal arch develop at 4th week of embryonic growth fromwhich loutoouching? mesodermaloutpouching how many pharyngeal arch? laut Sthieabvent or fuses with &th {frst pharyngeal arch gves rise to what structure [Mis and Ts Structure 1)Muscl of mastication 2mylohyold tensor tympani4jtersor vel paaetin’ Sjanterovo: bey of egastrice)maxtla maleus incus Yimaxilary artery branch of ECA 1O}mandibular nerve 2nd pharyngeal arch gives rise to what structure 5 for second stapediys muscle styloyod muscle muscle of facial expression buccnatorplatysma post belly of digastric stapes styoid Process upper body f Ryldlesser horn at hyo inf branch of sup Ervroidarery Facialn stoped ar 3rd pharyngealarch gives rise twat structure 4th pharyngeal arch gives rise to what structure stylopharyngeus muscle glossopharyngeal n grater hora and lower part at hyoid thymus and int parathyratd common and internal carotid are CricothyrojdAlintrinsic muscles ofthe soft palate Thyroid and epigiotc cartilages Superior prathyroids Right- subclavian artery Leftaortic arch anus 6th pharyngeal arch gives rise to what structure [Alintrinsc muscles ofthe larynx except cricothyroid) Cricoid arytenoid and cornculate cartilages Right Pulmorary artery Left Pulmonary areery and ductus arteriosus recurrent faryngeal neve and vagus Nerve [Which muscle initiates abduction ofthe shoulder? supraspinatus| [clef abductor ofthe humerus delle initiator of abduction supraspinatus [common form of rotator ef disease rotator cuff muscle origin and insertion supraspinatus| eign -scapulanserion-reater tuberosity except svbscapuTaisTa festerwaberosty hitpsswww studyslack comMasheard-2615074 snosnanora longhead of triceps attached where Free Medial Flashcards about anatomy 1.8 intraglenoia tubercle long head of biceps arises from Fibrous capsule of shoulder attaches to from the suoraglencid tuberle scapula and tothe labrum humens at the level of the anatomical neck "The inferior extension ofthe fibrous capsule of shoulders closely relatedo axlary nerve axllary nerve injured n what type of dislocation commonly Flexion of shoulder joint anteroinferor dislocation [Anterior part of dleotd Pectoral major Biceps Coracabrachials [extension of shoulder joint [Adduction of shoulder joint Posterior dltoisTeres major Latissimus dorsi Pectorals major Latissimus dors Tees major Coracobracti [Abduction of shoulder joint [Mid eltoid Supraspinatus| -Mecial rtation of shoulcer joint Subscapulars Anterior delat Teres major Latasimur dora) Lateral rotation of shoulder joint Posterior deltoid nfraspinatus Teres minor [Anterior to shoulder . which vessels or nerve Brachial plows Avila artery and vein posterior toshoulder . which vessels or nerve Inferior to shoulder. which vessels or nerve Suprascapular nerve Suprascapular vessel [Axilary nerve Circurifiec humeral vessels What isthe most important structure involvedin supporting he central perineal tendon supports of the uterus include blood supply of uterus central perineal tendon the most important lateral cervical around ana| terosacral ligaments. band bare condensation of endopelvic fascia [uterine artery anastomose with ovarian artery superior [ureter closely related towhich artery uterine artery br of interna lise "22 year old man suffers a compound facture ofthe ba. During latempted surgical repatr the deep peronealnerve s divided Which of the following muscleswillnot be atfected a a result? A. Tibia anterior 8, Peroneus longus correct answer C. Extensor hallucislongus 0: Extensor digitorum longus e, peroneus tertus Peroneus longusis innervated by superficial peroneal nerve U@ 15,59 Deep peroneal nerve Origin Nerve root values deep peroneal nerve [common peroneal nerve. at the ateal aspect ofthe bula deep to eroneus Tongs L415,51,52 [Course and relation ofdeep peroneal nerve Pierces the anterior intermuscular septum to enter the anterior |compartment ofthe lower leg « Pac anteriorly down tothe ankle jot, ridway between the to mateoie Terminates Inthe dorsum af the foot Muscles innervated by deep peroneal nerve rials anterior Extensor hallucl longus » Extensor digitorum longus Peronessertus Extensor digitorum brevis [Cutaneous inervation of deep peroneal nerve | Webspace of the first and second toes [Actions of deep peroneal nerve lateralbranch of the deep peroneal nerve innervate Dorsfixion of ankle joint» Extension ofalltos fiensor hall's longus nd extensor dgtorum longus) « Everson af the foot innervates the extensor digitorum brevis and the extensor hallucls brevis mesial branch of deep peroneal nerve supplies the web space between the frst and second dats "456 year old man s undergoing a superflalparotidectory fora pleomorshic adenoma Dur ng tve dissection ofthe parota, which of the folowing structures wile encountered Ivingmost superflaly? Most superficial structure onthe parotid gland Facial nerve =facatnerve [deeper to this facial nerve in parotid gland les the retromandibular vein arterial layer les deeply. [Anatomy ofthe parotid land and Location [Overlyng the mandibular ramus; anterior and inferior tothe ear Structures passing through the parotd gland > Facial nerve (Mnemonic: The Zebra Buggered My Cat: Temporal Zygomatie Buccal Moncibar Cera» xcenalcaroud artery © Retromandibuar vein» Aurisiotemporatnerve [Arterial supply of parotid Branches of external carotid artery \venous supaly of parotid nerve supply of parotid retromandibular vein ParaeympatheticSecretomotor + Sympathel pangllon» Sensory- Greater auricular nerve Superior cervical Lymphatic drainage of parotia Deep cervical nodes Parasympathetic stimulation of parotid produces what typeof saliva sympathetic stimolation of partoid produces what typeof saliva water rch, seroussalva low volume, enayme-rih salva "43 year old man stabbed outside nightclub, He suffers a [transection of is mecian nerve just as ileaves the brava plexus. [Wich ofthe folowing features s east ely to ensue? [A. Unar deviation ofthe wrist B. Complete loss of wrist lexan. correct answer C.Loss of pronation O.Lss of exon atthe shumb jn E Inability to oppose te thumb Loss the median nerve will esultinloss of function of the muscles Loss ofthe median nerve will result in oss of function of the Mexor uscle but which other mosle stil funeton resuln oss of function ofthe fexor muscles exo carpularis wail stil function and produce ulnar deviation and Some residual wrist flexion High median nerve lesions resultin [complet oss of flexion atte thumb joint mecian nerves formed by union of ‘cource of median nerve hitpsshwww-studystack comMasheard-2615074 ateraland medialroot respectively passes between the two heads of PT muscle ranson the deep surface ot FDS 2)Near the wrist becomes superfilal betweenterdons of FDS and 2n0snanora Free Medial Flashcards about anatomy 1.8 FcR, then deep to palmarislongus tendon 3jpasses deep tothe Flex Retinaculumto enter he palm supply of median nerve in forearm supply of median nerve in distal forearm Pronator teres Flexor caro radials Palais longus Flexor digitorum, superfcal's Flexor pole's longus Flexor digitorum profundus (oly the Fadil haf) Palmar cutaneous branch supply of median nervein Hand (Motor) [Motor supaly (LOAF) « Lateral lumbricals » Opponens pollicis» |Abcuctor policisbrevis Flexor palicisbrevis supply of median nerve in Hand sensory) Over thumb anlateral2 fingers » On the palmar aspect ths projects proximally on the dorsal aspect ory the distal regions are nqervated withthe ral neve providing the more proximal cutaneous innervation. median nerve damage at wrist causes Damage a wrist + eg carpal tunnel syndrome « paralysis and wasting of Ehenar eminence muscles and oppone's polis lape and deformity)» sensory loss to palmar aspect of ateral fava 2 Yefingers median nerve Damage at elbow [Damage at elbow as above pls « unable to pronate forearm «weak wrist flexion sina deviation wrist Anterior interosseous nerve (oranch of median nerve) damage causes leaves just below the elbow » results in loss of pronation of forearmand weakness of long flexors of thumb and index Snger 78 year oldman is due to undergo an endarterectomy ofthe internal carotid artery Which of the folowing nervous structures are most at Fisleduring the dissection? A. Recurrent laryngeal nerve B, Sympathetic chain . Hypoglossal nerve~ correct answer B Phrenic nerve. Lingual nerve Nerves at risk duringa carotid endarterectomy: « ypoqosslnenve + Greater aural nenve + Superior angel neve eer Internal carotid artery is formed from branches of internal carotid artery | common carotld opposite the upper border of the tiyroid cartlags: Branches » Anterior and middle cerebral artery « Ophthalmicartery = Posterior communicating artery « Anterior choroidarcery « Meningeal arteries « Hypophysealarteries Which of the following structures spat transmitted by the jugular foramen? [A Hypoglossal nerve correct ane, Accessory nerve. ternal jugular vein’ Ineror petrosal sinus e vagus [Contents ofthe jugular foramen: Foramen ovale content [Anterior inferior petrosal sinus 2Intermediat: glossopharyngeal, vagus and accessory nerves Posterior: sigmoid sinas (aecoming the ntraljuglr vl ard some eningral branches om the octal and ascending pharyrgeal arteries [Otic ganglion 2) V3 (Mandibular nerverSrd branch of wigeminall 3) Accessory meningeal artery dlLesser petrosal nerve S}EMmssary veins Foramen spinasum content Midale meningeal artery (MMA) 2)Meningealbranch ofthe Mandibular nerve Foramen rotundum content Maxillary nerve (V2) Foramenlacerum content Base ofthe medial pterygoid plate. Internalcaratidartery Nerve and artery ofthe pterygoid anal Foramen magnum content [Anterior and posterior spina arteries Vertebral arteries Medulla oblongata, Stylomastoid foramen content Stylomastaldartery Fada nerve superior orbital fssurecontent (1) Oculomotor nerve) (2) rochlear nerve NV) alscrimal,rontaland asocitary branches of ophihalmle nerve (Vi) (@abducent nerve (Vl) [SiSupertor and interior ophthalmic vein [Which ofthe following fascial structures encases the apexof the lungs? Sibsons fascia overlies [A Weldeyers fascia Sibsons fascia -coreca answer C.Pretracheal fascia O.Clavipectoral fasla E-None ofthe above [apices ofboth lungs "The suprapleual fascia also known as sbsons fascia [Sibsor's fascia) runs from C7 tothe frstrib and overlies the apox oF bothtungs. sibson' fascalies where [C7 tothe first rib and overlies the apex ofboth lungs. ties between the parietal pleura nd the thoracic cane: [The left ung has how many lobes wo lobes cvidedby the lngula "Theright ungis composed of how many lobes [apex ofboth lungs fs situated where 2 lobes divided bythe oblique and transverse fissures approximately dem superior tothe sterno-costaljoint ofthe frstrib Inferior borders ofboth kins location 6th ein mie clavicular line Btheibin mi axilaryline= 10th 15 posteriorly "The pleuraruns how many ribs lover than the corresponding ng revel |With regards to the jugular vin, which ofthe following statements luntrue? tworibs A. Tees thin the carotid sheath Bis the continuation ofthe sigmoid sinus C. The terminal part ofthe thoracic duct crosses anterior to ito ingerintotheright subclavian vein ©. Thetypoglossal nerve Is closely related to tas passe Each jugular vein begins inthe. iugular foramen, [jugular veinare the continuation of the —. sigmoid sinus jugular vein terminate inthe .endof clavicle medial [ugular vein terminate inthe medial end of clavicle where they unite iw subclavian vein [ugular vein sins... during the entire cource carotdsheath Retow he skull the internal caratid artery an at four cranial nervex hitpsswww studystack comfasheard-2615074 anoananora [are anteriomedial to the vein, Free Medial Flashcards about anatomy 1 8 pee [on left sie jugular ven related to [A 28 year old man requires a urethval catheter tobe inserted prior to lundergoinga splenectomy, Where s Ue frst site of resstance tobe: lencountered on inserting the catheter? thoracic duct A. Bulbar urethra B. Membrangus urethra - correct answer C. Internal Sphincter O.Prostaile urethra & Bladder neck [Theis the least istensible portion of the urethra membranous uretira The membranous utrethrais the least cistensible portion ofthe retin act that its surrounded bythe external sphincter. [The female uretheais.. than themale uretiva shorter and more acutely angulated neck of the bladder is subjectes to transmitted intraabdominal pressure nd therefore denciency inthis areamay resin stress urinary incontinence Pre-prostatic urethra location between the bladder and prostate land Pre-prostatic ureta length between t and 15cm long. Pre-prostatic urethra innervation Pre-prostatic uretira prevents Innervated by sympathetic noradrenergic bres, as this regions composed o striated mustles bundles retrograde ejaculation (oy contraction of sel Prostatic urethra contains several openingfor transmission of semen Membranous urethra is..partof urethra Narrowestpartof the urethra Narrowest part ofthe urethra and surrounded by external sphincter Membranous urethra [Memoranous urethra surounded by external sphicter MemBranous urethra traverses perineal membrane where Penile urethra travels through where 2.Scm postero-inferir tothe symphysts pubis the corpus songiosum onthe underside ofthe pens Penile urethrais the (long short) urethral segment? longest uretral segment. [urathelum histology butbo-urethral glands open where. transitional innature squamous more distally note spongiose econ ote wretva 2SemBelow the perineal longest urethral segment. penile uretira 'A23 year old man undergoes an orchidectomy- The right testicular vein Is figated: nto which structure does drain? {estculaevein drainage [A Right renal vein inferior vena cave correct answer G.Gomman lac vin. Incerna ae ven [The pamointorm plexus drains to the testicular vein The left testicular len rinsnt thee reatwen. The ight etic en rant the [Spermaticcardisformed by the vas deferens Internal spermatic fascia orig. Transversal fascia [Cremasterifascia origin From the fascial coverings of internal oblique External spermatic fascia origin from External oblique aponeurosis [Actery of vas deferens arises from (oranch of [arses from inferior vesieal artery [Cremasteric artery arises frombranch of Arise from inferior epigastric Pampnifarm plexus Venous plexus, drains nto ‘Genital branch ofthe geitofemoral nerve Supolies right or lef testicular vein remaster Testicular artery Branch of abdominal aorta supplies testis and epiciyis \Vasceferens Transmits.. ‘scrotum composed of sperm and accessory gland secretions skinandattached daros fascia [scrotum arterial supaly Arterial supply rom the anterior and posterior serotalarteries [scrotum lamphati crainage scrotum parietal layer Lymphati drainage tothe inguinal lymph nodes Parietal layer of the tunica vaginalis the innermost aver [estes surrounded by [The testes are surraunced by the tunica vaginalis (closed pertaneal sa) [The testicular arteries arise from the aorta immediately inferiorly to therenal arteries estes lmphatic drainage Lymphatic drainage Isto the para-dortc nodes. [A.24 year old man falls and sustainea fracture through hisscaphold bone! From wien a the folowing areas does the seapho dder've the ojrity ots blose supply? [The blood supply to the scaphoid enters from. [A Fromits proximal medial border 8. From ts proximal lateral border. From ts proximal posterior surface Drom the proximal end €: erom the istal end-correct answer non articular surface near its isalend vessels {tubercle ofseaphoidis commonly fractured and resulsin Transverse fractures through the scaphoidthereforecarryarisk.. [nonunion [scaphoidhas a concave articular surface for [the head ofthe capitate scaphoid has acrescentie surface for corresponding area onthe lunate [saphoid proximally has a wide convex articular surface withthe [radius [The onlypartof the seaphoidthatis avaiable for theentryofblood [espero [921 year old man hasan inguinalhernia and is undergoing a surgical FebaitAs tne surgeons approaca the inguinal eanalthey expove the {Serfcalingins rg Which the following orm theaters edge lofthisstrucure? a. inerior epigastric artery B. Conjoint tendon C. Rectus abdominis rusleD Eteratobique sponeursi= correct answer Tansversals hitpsshwww studyslack comMasheard-2615074 anosnanora the anterior wall ofthe inguinal canal formed by Free Medial Flashcards about anatomy 1.8 external oblique aponeurosis and Superficial inguinal ring posteromedially boarder of inguinal canal posterior boarder of inguinal canal rectus abdominis ransversals Roof ofinguinalcanal Internal oblique’ Transversus abdorinis Mecial boarder of inguinal canal - External ring Conjoint tendon aor of inguinal canalformed by External oblique aponeurosis- Inguinal igament-Lacunar garment [content inguinaleanal covering of spermatic cord heiselbach’s triangle Males: Spermatic cord and Iainguinalnerve Female- Round ligament of bterus and loinguinal nerve spermatic cord has 3 coverings: External spermatic fascla from external pblicue sponcurosisCremasterie asc Internal spermatic Tasca. medial rectus abdominis laterally - Inferior epigastric artery below= inguinal zament [Which ofthe following cranial venous sinuses is unpaired? [A Transverse sinus 8. Superiar sagitia sinus correct answer G Cavernous sinus. Sigmold sinus €nferior ptrasal sinus Superior sagital sinus begins at ist gall lnk the superior sagittal sinus with the veins an the exterior oF {heeranium parietal emissary veins [carial venous sinuses ae located ‘raral venous sinus have. valve [within the dura mater Which of the following laryngeal tumours wll not typically metastasize {othe cervial ymph nodes? A. Glotic. correct answer B. SupragloticSubglottcD.Transglotic, Aryepialotte fold ymmphatic drainage of vocal cord supragloti par of larynxarain to no lymphatic drainage upper dep cervical nodes rough esas piercing He yrohvald aye location correspondialy [subglottic part drainsto Pre lrygea. pre Wacheal and inferior deep cervical nodes. aryepilottic and vestibular foldshave lymphatic drainage andwill |rich, early metastanive [Cato Cé vertebral bodies, muscle) Posterior crcoarytenaid arigin Posterior aspect of lamina ofcricotd laryngeal cavity extends from yngeal cartilage paired [aryngeal inlet tothe level ofthe inferior border of the cricolé cartilage Three of these are pared: arytenoid cornieulate and cuneiform. ayngeal cartilage unpaired single: thyrolécricold and epiglottc muscle) Posterior cricoarytenoid nerve supply recurrent laryngeal nerve. | Which ofthe following forms the medial wall ofthe femora canal? A. Pectnealigament 8, Adguctor longus G Sartorius D-Lacanar ligament correct answer € Inguinal igaent [The femoral canallies at the... aspect of the femoral sheath medialaspect [emoral sheath contains femoral artery —Lteralyfemoralvein== medal Borders of the femoralcanal Laterally Femoral vein MediallyLacunar ligament Anteriorly Inguinal ligament Posteriory Pectinea igament (Contents of femoral canal femoral cana allows femoral vein to expand because Lymphatic vessels Cloquet symph pode For increased venous returnto the lowerlinbs femoral hernia have high rskfor strangulation [A67 year old man is undergoing a transurethral resection ofa bladder {tumour using ciathermy. Suddenly during the procedure the patients legbegins to twitch Stmulaton af which offre following nerves isthe most fhely cause? "The obturator nerve arses from A. Femoral 8, PudendalC. Sciatic D. Obturator-correct answer. Giuteat 12; Sand L@ by branches rom the venial divisions ofeach these nerve rootsL3 main contribution (2 Ocassonaly absent |Oobturator nerve supplies Muscles suppieg external obturator, adcuctor longus, acductor brevis, adductor magrus (not the lower partsc atic neve), gracils skin and fascia atte estat two thirds of the medal aspect of trgh [AS yea old boys playing with somesmall ball earings, Untortunatcly he inhales one. To which f the following lung regions\sthe ball most ely to settle? root of the et lune passes under the... and in front ofthe. a Right lower lobe -correct answer B, Left main bronchus C. Right upper ode, Left lover lobe £ None ofthe above aorticarch, descending aorta [Apatient presents with superir vena caval obstruction, How many. collateral relation eit as ternative pathways of venous return? |A.None &. One C. Two D. Taree E. Four -correct answer name of 4collateral venous systems although venous system are present what might stil occur [azygos venous system: Internal manamary venous pathway Lo thoracic venous stem vith connections Yo the femoral ane vertebral veins (2 pathways [venous hypertension [Superior vena cava Drainage Head and neck: Upper limbs Thorax: Part of abdominal walls Subcavian and internal jugular veins unite to form right and eft brachiocephalic eine right and lft brachiocephalic veins unite to form svc. [_veinoins..beforeit entersright atrium [Azygos vein joins the SVC "An 18 year old man cutting some plants whenasmall piece of \venetabie matter entershis eve. His evebecores water Wich ofthe hitpsswww studyslack comMasheard-2615074 [A Pterygopalatineganalion- correct answer Otic ganglion Submandiaular sation DCilarysanelion E. None ol the ove snoananore folowing’ responsiole for relaying parasympathetic neuronal signals [tothe larimal sparatus? Free Medial Flashcards about anatomy 1 9 The parasympathetic bres tothe lacrimal apparatus ranat va “The ducts of the lacrimal gland open into the oterygopalatine ganglion. superior fore "Those from the oritalpart penetrate the apaneuronsoflevator palpebrae superoristojoin those from the palpebral part Gi Thefore excision of te palebral pr of inal lands funcional similar to excision the entire lacrimal gland Blood supply of aerimal gland Laerimal branch ofthe opthalmic artery Venous crainageis of lacrimal gland "The lacrimal glands innervated by superior opthalmie vein the secretomotor paraympathetic fibres rom the pterygopalatine paral Nasolecrimalduckopensi6 inferior meatus of nose Which ofthe nerves liste below is resporsibiefor the innervation of the lateral aspect of flexor digitorum profuncus? [anterior interosseous nerve ia branch of [Anterior interasseous nerve median nerve [anterior interosseous nerves responsible for Innervation of — ateral aspect ofthe flecr dlgtorum profundus [AS year old ady is undergolng a Whipples procedure for carcinoma lo the pancreatic hea. The ile ducts wansected. Which ofthe {oloulng vessel ismsiny esponsible or tnebood supply tothe bile fut Hepaticartery bile duct has an axial blooe supply which s derived from repatic artery and from retroduodenal branches of the gastroduodenal artery In iver there's contribution bythe portal vein tothe blood supply ofthe bile duct Damage ia the heptic artery curnga dc chaecateaOmyFS lye uct stricture recognised cause o [GB capacity 50mm [GBepitnetiom columnar epthelr [arterial supaly of GB Cystic artery (branch of Right hepaticartery venous drainage of GB [Cystcvein Nerve supolyof GB Sympathetic mid thoracic spinal cord Parasympathetic- anterior vagal rank (Common bile duct Orin Arterial supply of le duct [Confluence of ite and common hepatic ducts Branches of hepatic artery and retroduodenal branches of postroduodenal artery [calot triangle | Medially- Common hepatic duct Inferiorly- Cystic duct Superior Inferior edge ot ver Contents Cystic artery argent Thewurgcarr dette naacrtc ay Selman y= isbisnal tena basta runes Atwheh othe owing sites Should hey bec [Should the strap muscles require division during surgery they should be ivide intheir uoper hall Thisis because Intheir upper halt theirnerve supply rom the ansacervcalis entersin thelr lower hall [Anterior triangle of the neck Bouneiaries [Anterior border ofthe Sternacleidemastold Lower barder of mandible lAnteriormicine ‘Sub triangles of anterior triangle of neck divided by [Digastric above and Omahyoid ‘Muscular triangle: Neck strap muscles Carotid triangle: Carotid sheath Submancibula Tanale flgastri) Neck strap muscles Digastric triangle contents [Submandioular gland Submandibular nodes Facial vessels hypaglossal Muscular Wiangle contents Strap muscles Exernaljugular vein |Carotie trangle contents Err heat Common carats, vagus and intemal vg ve Asa [anterior triangle consis of [digastric triangle muscular irfangle carotid triangle Nerve supply to digastrie muscle [Anterior Mylohoid nerve Posterior: Facial nerve 'A7 year old boy presents with ight Hac Tossa pain and theresa ‘clinical suspicion that appendicitis s present, Fromwhichot the Midgut {following embryological structures ithe appenetx derived? "The appends derived from rida ‘appendix derived from te midut whichis why early appends may present with periumbilcal sppendix:Location| Base of caecum, [appendiclenth [Upto 10cm ong [apendixhistolosy Iymphoidtssue(Hence mesenteric adeaits may mimic appends) appendixblood supply Arterial supply: Appendicular artery (branch of the Hecate) [Caecaltaenia col converge at [base of appendix (helps to identify append) ‘appendix ..pertoneal tisintra peritoneal McBurney’ point hitpsshwww-studyslack comMasheard-2615074 [1/3 ofthe way along a ine drawn from the Anterior Superior lise Spine enosnanora Free Medial Flashcards about anatomy 1.8 tothe Umbitcus [commonest position of appendix-Istand 2nd postitons of appendix retrocaecal-ast, pelvic 2nd Retrocaecal 743 Pelvic 2196- Postileal-Subcaecal-Paracaecal- relleal 'A22 year old women has recently undergone a surgical cision ofthe submandibular gland. She presents fo thefoliow upelinic wth [complaint of tongue weakess on the psiateral sige to her surgery |Whiennerve hasbeen damaged? Hyposlossa nerve hres rani nerves may be injured during submandibular land Hyposlossal nerve damage may esultin Marginal mandibular branch ofthe facial nerve: Lingualnerve Hypoglassal nerve paralysis ofthe ipsilateral aspect of the tongue "The lingusl nerves probably at greater risk afinury during which nerve winds aroune whartons or submandibular duct? submandibular ciesection but ete sensory Submandibular duct also known as lwharton's duct ‘submandibular duct (or wharton's dt} opens where? [Opens lateral tothe ingual frenalum on the anterior floor af mouth [what isthe length of submandibular duct Scmlength Lingual nerve wraps around Whartors duct Innervation of submandibular duct? Sympathetic imervation- Superior Cervical ganglion via the Lingual nerve Parasympathete innervation: Submandibula ganglion. [Arterial supply of submandibular duct ‘Venous drainage of submandibular duct Branch ofthe Facial artery es deep to tie Marginal Mandibular nerve) Lymphatic drainage of submandibular duct Deep cervical and jugular chains of nodes "You decide to take an arterial blood gas from the femoralartary Where “shoul the needle be inserted to gain the sample? Mia inguinatpoint id inguinal pointin the surface marking for femoralartery Femoral triangle Boundaries Superiorly Inguinal ligament Femoral triangle Boundaries Laterally sartrius Femoral triangle Boundaries Medially [adductor longus Femoral triangle Boundaries Floor Tiopsoas, adcuctor longus and pectineus Femoral triangle Boundaries Roof Femoral triangle content Fascia [ata and Superficial fascia» Super cla Inguinal imph nodes (palpable below the inguinal gament) Great saphenous els Femoral vein (veal toateral) Femoral artery-pulse palpated at the nidinguinal point: Femoral nerve- Deep and superftalingunal ymph odes Lateral cutaneous nerve Great saphenous vein: Femoral branch otthe genitofemorainerve (A? year old man undergoes a carotid endarterectomy and seemsto Fecover well allowing surgery When he reviewed on theward post [peratvelyhecompiine fat hevoicetshearseWavisthemost [Damage tothevagus estyeause? ‘only damage to the... nerve would account or dficuKies speech inisercarouasureery speech vagus vas soles phoryngalarh...seeionsottheenbrvonicsutourhandsbah pharyngeal aches ore and midgut Seton efferent ber of vagus. 2 main type: ‘preganglionic parasympathetic Rbres that innervate smooth muscle of he innervated organs euch as gut} rect skeletal muscleinnervation, largely ta te musts ofthe larynx and pharyn \vagus carries afferent iver from what structures: ferent res rom these areas (vz pharynx lary ocsonhoaus, Stomach kngs heart and great vessel fees branches of vagus superior ganglion inferior ganglion Superior and inferior cervical cardiac benches Right recurrent aryngeal nerve eft recurrent laryngeal nerve FThorscic and cardiac branches, [A25 year old man hasan inguinalhernia, which ofthe folowing ‘Structures must be vided fatopen surgery) gan access tothe nguinsteanat? External oblique aponeurosis [anterior wall of inguinal canal eternal ebligue aponcuroas posterior wal of inguinal canal ransversals fascia and conjoint tendons External oblique mascl origin External oblique muscle insertion External oblique muscle Nerve supoly [Outer surfaces ofthe lowest eight ribs Anterior two thirds ofthe outer Ip ofthe lac crest. The remainder becomes the aponeurosi that fuses with the nea aban the midline Ventral ramiof the lower six thoracienerves External oblique muscle action [Contains the abdominal viscera, may contract to ralse intra abdominal pressure. Moves trunks to one side [A.34 year old man is shat inthe postero- inferior aspect of his thigh Vérchot thetolowingies at the mos lateral ape o the pophel [Common peroneal nerve “The contents af the popliteal fossa are (rom medal to lateral IM.» UPoplitealartery Popitealvein Tibial nerve Common peroneal [ural nerveis a branch of sural nerve arises from tibial nerve inferior aspect of the popliteal fossa popliteal fossa boundries hitpsswww-studyslack comfasheard-2615074 lookin the figure from goose!!! m0snanora Free Medial Flashcards about anatomy 1.8 [contentaf popliteal fossa -Papiiteal artery and vein. Small saphenous vein. Common paroneal nerve Tolatnerve Posterior cutaneausnerve of the high Gonicular Branch ofthe obturator nerve Lymph nodes [67 year old man has an abdominal aortic aneurysm which daplaces thle reraveln Which branch ofthe sorts smst likey toafected. [Superior mesentericartery Inferior phrenic level [72 Upper boarder [Coeticartery level fra ‘Superior mesenteric artery level Lt Middle suprarenal artery level Lt Renal artery level a2 [Gonadal artery level 2 Lumbar artery level La Inferior mesenteric artery evel La Mecian sacral artery level La [Comman ize artery level La [unpaired abdominal sortie branches [A 12 year old boy undergoes surgery for recurrent mastoid Infections, Post dperatively he complains of an altered taste sensation. Which of the folowingnerves hasbeen injured” coeliac superior mesentric Inferior mesentric median sacral Chord tympant [chorda tympani supply eistributes taste Abres tothe anterior two thirds ofthe tongue facial nerves the main nerve supplying the structures ofthe ‘embryonic ranenslarch. second {acatnerve supply Face ear taste tear Face: muscles of fadal expression Far nerve to Stapedius: Taste: supplies anterior two-thirds of tongue- Tear arasympathetic bres o lacrimal glands, so salvar glands [aclanerve Enters parotid land and divides nta branches and they In the facial canal facial nerve has how mary branches and what are they? The fist root of the brachial plenus commonly arises at which ofthe oliowing levels? Temporal branch -Zygomatic branch Buccal ranch: Marginal Imandibuler branch Cervieal branch ‘branches: 1 greater pelrosalnerve. nerve tslapedius &.chorda eympar cs [BRACHIAL PLEXUS ANATOMY [KNOW IT FROM THE FIGURE BY DRAWINGIT [What is the anatomical level ofthe transpylorc plane? Lt Structures that areat the levelof Lt Pylorus stomach: Left ldney Fitum {Ui lef onet}- Right nfum of the kidney (2.5em lower tran the eFunds ofthe pallor: Neck of paneressOvadeneivnal Superior mesenteric artery Portal vein Left and right colic eure Root ofthe transverse megacolon: 2nd part ofthe duacenum "Upper Part of conus medullaris spleen, 'A35 year old man alg and sustains a fracturet the ladle third is clavicle, Which vessel's at greatest st of injury? subclavian veinlies bein. Sbctavian vein subelavios ad the medial partof the clavicle [DRAW THE FIGURE SHOWING ORIGIN AND INSERTION OF MUSCLE IN CLAVICLE FROM NETTERS DRAW THE FIGURE SHOWING ORIGIN AND INSERTION OF MUSCLE INCLAVICLE FROM NETTERS [A.53 year old man with end stage mitral valve stenosis isundergoing mitral valve replacement The neart isopened and the muscull pectinai are dentifed Where sre these structures loeatec? reason thatthe atrial wallsin the right atrium are irregular anteriorly Re atrium usculipectnat are found inthe ata mwuscul pectinati of the atria found in anterolateral surface ofthe chambers [The muscul pectnat ofthe aria are only present in heart and roots ofthe great vessels within the pericardial sac are elated anteriorly area derived from the embryological rue atrium sternum, medialends ofthe Grd to Sthribs on the leftand thelr associated costal carta [The heart and pericardial sacar situated pbliquely tw thirds tothe lefeand one third tothe right of median plane [Coronary sus iesin Right coronary artery arises from posterior gart of te coronary roove ard receives load rom the the right aortic snas eft coronary artery derived from ete sortiesious [comparison of right and lft ventricle ete yonricte is twice as hick as ight In et ventricle~ Mitral (double ete) Right atrium Diaphragmatic part of thelefeventile- Usually the RCA supplies Posterior thr of the interventricular septum The sino arial node (60% Eases} The atrioventricular nde (80% cases) -Left trum, Most of left ventricle. Part ofthe right ventricle Anterior LCA supplies: wo thirds othe inter ventricular septum -The sno atrial node remaining 40% cases) [3] Autonomic nerve fibres ram the superficial and deep cardiac plows, innervation of the heart, 2} the parasyrnpatheticsupply to thebeartistrom presynaptic Raves ot te vagus nerves cusps ofvalce teal valve other valve 3 spa wich heart valve are attached to chardae tendinae hidpsshwww-studyslack comMasheard-2618074 ritraland tricuspid anoananora Free Medial Flashcards about anatomy 1.8 "A383 year old man sustains an injury tos forearm and wrist When [examined clini he is unable ta adctuct his thumb, Wat is te most Tikely underlying nerve lesion? Damage tothe deep branch ofthe ulnar nerve may res Deep branch ofthe ulnar nerve inability to adduct the thar inablity to adduct the thumbs tested clinical by function of |ADDUCTOR POLLICISIs tested by) reste clinically by trying to withdraw apiece of paper from patients Rane grasped aetween tum and index finger lovigin of ADDUCTOR POLLICIS muscle Insertion of ADDUCTOR POLLICIS muscle Tendon sheath of floc carpi radialis Bases of second, third and fourth ietacarpal Anterior aspect of the trapezoid and capitate bones fransverse head comes fom the longitudinal ride of the third metacarpal Flores ofthe two heads converge on insertion into the ulnar aspect ofthe base of the roxmaiphalanxof the thumb nerve supply of adductor pallies muscle Deep branch of the unar (C8, 3) [ction of adductor pollicis muscle [6.34 year old ady suffers from hyperparathyroidism. The right inferior Darathyroidis identified as having an adenoma and s scheduled or resection From wich of te allowing emryoigalstrotres it [Adcucts the thumb into the plane ofthe palmvand drawsitto the mine Third pharyngeal pouch inferior parathyroidis a derivative of Eira pharyngeal pouch superior parathyroid originates from what does the parathyroid gland lie inside? fourth pharyngeal pouch Four parathyroid glands They ie within the pretradheal asda parathyroids develop from [third and fourth pharyngest pouches parathyroids derived from the fourth pharyngeal pouch ae located superiorly and associated with thyroid gland Parathyoid derived from the third pharyngeal pouch iemore inferoniy and related to thymus blood sup othe parathyroid glands is derived from [Which ofthe following structures separates the subclavian artery and inferior ad superior thyroid arteries ene Anterior scalene muscle ‘what separates the subclavian vein anterior from thesubclavion | rterir gcalene muscle artery (posterior) Sealene mace origin Fransverse processes C2to C7 Scalene muscle innervation Spinal nerves C26 scalene muscle Insertion Fist and second ribs The brachial plexus and subclavian artery pass between the The scalenes are at isk of adhering tothe fascia surrounding the anterior and idle scalene trough space called scalone Natus/issure Inspected Which ofthe following structures does note within the Pulmonary ligament ofthe right ung? brachial plexus or shorteningcausing compression of trebracrial_|thoracicoutlet syndrome lois when lipases between the clavicle and 1st rb causing (A. year old man is stabbed inthe right chest and undergoes Ihoracotomy-Ther ghtlungis mobilised andthe pulmanaryligament | p2yeos ein pulmonary ligament isformed by pulmonary igament contains pleural condensation atthe hilum ofthe ng [pulmonary vein bronchus nd trachea’ baste vein drains into axiary vein ‘axllary veins usually the commonest ste following from the basic for| baste and cephalic veins continuous with PICC Tine ending um palmar venous arch distally and axlaryveln proximally [Aman requires long term parenteral nutrition and decison s made to Insert a PICC lnefor long termvenous access. ieinserted nto the asic vein at the region the elbow. cont. turnit As thecatheters advanced into which venous structureisthetipof the estheter most likely ta pass rom the bose vein? Alay vein (A23 year old mans involved ina fight outside a ightclub and sustains slaceration tof right arm On examination he has last extension of {the sngersinhis right hand. What isthe mast likely nerve nvury fr the | ala nerve [scenario given? radlalnerve supplies the extensor muscle proup [A 40 year oe Indy trips and falls through a glass door and susaine a [Severe laceration to her left arm. Amongst hr Injuries is noticed that | inar nerve [She has lost te ably tosdduct the Angers ofr lefthand- wnat nerve s involved? "The interssel are supplied by ulnar nerve (A 28 year old rugby player injures his ight humerus and on. ‘examination s noted to have aminor sensory defictoverWing the || Axdlary nerve point of dehod insertion into the humerus, what nerve is inva}? skin aroune the deltoid thamerus] is surrounded by silary nerve [A.53 year oldman s undergoing aradca gastrectomy for carcinoma of {he stomach Which ofthe falling structures il nee tobe daed Noainaccesstothecosh sax? how many branches does coeliac pens have? Lesser omentum 3 branches a]hepatic artery Wlgasiroduoderal artery cleft gasticartery |A76 year old man complains of symptoms of claudication. cont. [The decision i made to measure his ankle brachial pressure index The signal from the dorsalis pedis artery is auscutsted with a hanaeld doppler device. This vessel's the continuation of which ofthe folowing? [Anterior bit artery hitpsswww studystack comfasheard-2618074 onosnanora Free Medial Flashcards about anatomy 1.8 dorsalis pedis is a continuation of anterior tibialartery (Created by: sarthaknepal ‘SAN FRANCISCO = '50% Cash Back at Otc Skool Cafe Up 19 $10 Study Ss Browse or Search Create Flashcards hitpsshwww-studyslack comMasheard-2615074 son0