Wolkite University

COLLAGE OF ENGINEERING AND

TECHNOLOGY DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL
ENGINEERING

PROPOSAL TECHNICAL WRITING AND RESEARCH

METDOLOGY

TITLE
DESIGN OF DISH WASHING MACHINE IN WOLKITE UNIVERSITY CAFETERIA
Group member ………………….. ID NO
1 BONA DEREJE………………………………………………. 191/11
2 MIKIAS BELAYNEH………………………………………… 595/11
3 FIKIRU DEJENE…………………………………………….. 354/11
4 SAMUEL BIRHANU………………………………………. 919/11
5 SAMUEL BIRHANU……………………………………….. 923/11
 Acknowledgement

We would like to express great thanks and appreciations to our instructor mr kasahun D next to
god for their guidance advice precious time and constant support all time. Next to this we would
like to thank our group members for their feedback and sharing with us and to all those who have
helped us we express our sincere thanks
 Abstract

This work is based on the design of a special purpose dish washing machine. Its special purpose
lies in the fact that it handles only dishes made of ceramics. The machine is designed to use
electrical energy for heating water and to produce rotation of the spray arm which project hot
water unto the dishes. The principle on which the dish washing machine is designed is based on
the fact that the pressure and water temperature of water jets required to produce scouring and
softening effect on dirt and easily remove them is about 300kPa and 45o C respectively. The
force of the water jet impacting unto the dishes is taken into account in the design and the
pressure due to the force exerted by the water jet produced, is negligible compared to both the
tensile strength (1138 MPa) and compressive strength (2400 MPa) of the ceramic (Alumina
Porcelain) or any other ceramic, and hence cannot break any of the ceramic dishes. The machine
is designed to be fitted with a water heater, electric motor and a water pump of power rating
2.2KW, 0.25KW and 0.5KW respectively. The fabricated design of this special purpose dish
washing machine will handle 20 dishes in a batch process and complete a wash cycle .
Abstract.......................................................................................................................................................6
Chapter one.................................................................................................................................................8
1.I introduction......................................................................................................................................8
1.2 Problem statement............................................................................................................................9
1.3 objective.........................................................................................................................................10
1.3.1 General objective......................................................................................................................10
1.3.2 Specific objective......................................................................................................................10
1.4 Scope of the research.....................................................................................................................10
Chapter two...............................................................................................................................................11
2.1 LITRATURE REVIEW.................................................................................................................11
Chapter three.............................................................................................................................................13
3.1Research method.............................................................................................................................13
3.2 methodology of research ………………………………………14

3.3 Expected out come........................................................................................................................15

Chapter Four..............................................................................................................................................16
Conclusion.................................................................................................................................................18
Bibliography..............................................................................................................................................19
 Chapter one
1.1 introduction
A dishwasher is a mechanical device for washing and cleaning dishes and eating/cooking
utensils. This can be found in restaurants and homes. The practice of dish washing is as old as
man. Every natural man knows by intuition that he needs to wash . he had used if he must use it
again. Locally, dishes are washed by hand by scrubbing them and immersing them in a rinse of
plain water. Silverware is washed by placing loose silverware in a tray, washing them several
times, while dishes made of plastics are usually more difficult to clean when it comes in contact
with greasy and oily meals.

Before the advent of mechanical washers, a family’s home washing was done in a wooden or
galvanized tub being rubbed on a corrugated washboard to force the water through and the dirt
out. Then the wash was put through a wringer to squeeze out the excess water and family hung
on a line to dry. There are cultural divisions over rinsing and drying after washing [1]. The area
where dishes are washed, particularly in food services is sometimes called a "dish-pit" and
people that wash dishes are variously known as Pan Diver, Kitchen Porters or Kitchen Police [2].

The first mechanical dishwashing machine was reported in the United States of America in 1850.
It was design and constructed by Joel Houghton for a hand-powered good device [ [ CITATION
Fod12 \l 1033 ]1]. This device was made of wood and was cranked by hand while water sprayed
onto the dishes. Alexander L.A. was granted another patent in 1865 for constructing a
dishwasher that was similar to the first but featured a hand-cranked rack system. According to
the report of [2[ CITATION Nsc97 \l 1033 ] ], two models of dishwasher were manufactured in 1995
– the Conventional Model and the Adaptive Control. Model. The Conventional dishwasher
model was manufactured in January 1995 and it has five cycle settings namely Rinse, Short,
Light, Normal and Heavy. Three special options are available for each setting – (1) high
temperature wash and (3) truncated cycle which involves deactivating the heating element in
drying stage. Water consumption in this dishwasher model is controlled by a float control device.
In recent times, researchers have paid attention to the design and fabrication/development of dish
washing machines. In [4[CITATION ADD \l 1033 ] is presented the design and fabrication of dish
and utensil washing machine. Both machines were fabricated and results obtained from
performance test of these machines showed that they are efficient to manual washing. Some
other researchers have focused on factors that affect dish washing, for example, investigating the
insufficient cleaning of dirty dishes in confined living spaces and the design of a highly
marketable dishwasher solution was presented by [6[ CITATION GBr10 \l 1033 ] ], while other
researchers have studied the energy utilization of modern dish washers, for example, [ [ CITATION
EHD08 \l 1033 ]7] studied how energy efficient are modern dishwashers. This present study,
therefore presents a detailed design of a special purpose dish machine for dishes made of
ceramics only, which modern dishwashers fabrications should.
 1.2 Problem statement

Most of a day a cafeteria worker in Wolkite University faced the problem on washing dishes.
When the time of washing dishes they may get injured their hands because of the dishes may it
contain cavity and it cuts their hands. Finally it leads to them dangerous illness like tetanus.
In addition this work is time consumable, tiring and almost boring action for them. Now day,
there is a machine to overcome all above problem. The main objective of this project is to
avoid the power exploitation of wolkite university cafeteria workers by designing appropriate
manually operated dish washer machine. This machine is actually time saver and simple to
use. Designing manually dishwasher machine in wolkite university is extremely useful for
providing needed dishes on time or without letting and also it is best for saving the labor
energy.

1.3 objective
1.3.1 General objective

Design of dishes washing machine in Wolkite University in cafeteria

1.3.2 Specific objective
To design the component of the machine

To model the components using 3D modeling software

To assemble the components and together

To simulate the model machine

To analyses the stress main component

 1.4 Scope of the research

Well operated by giving dishes to trimming food dishes in wolkite university detail of design and
matching by operation analysis of the machine part well be performed we will develop software
use to automate the machine with cooperation with software engineering also analyses the
component with software THE scope of these research will be intended to design dish washing
machine operated in and it is suitable clean
 Chapter two

2.1 LITRATURE REVIEW

Cleaning is the process of removing unwanted substances, such as dirt, infectious agents, and
other impurities, from an object or environment. Cleaning occurs in various commercial,
domestic, personal, and environmental contexts, which differ in scale and requirements.
Cleaning is broadly achieved through mechanical action and/or solvent action; many methods
rely on both processes. Washing, usually done with water and often some kind of soap or
detergent Pressure washing, using a high-pressure stream of water We tend to take our cleaning
tools and products for granted even though they have a large part in creating the clean and
healthy life styles that we live today(8[ CITATION EasyPlaceholder1 \l 1033 ]).
But cleaning as we know it today hasn’t always been the same. Service Market has made a
summary of the history behind 7 common cleaning tools that just might make you appreciate
them scheme as Soaps, Detergents, Broom, Squeegee mops Vacuum, Cleaner Smartphones and
Robotic Cleaners and cleaning(9[ CITATION Bay \l 1033 ]). Various cleaning procedures are
reported in the literature. The simplest one involved rinsing /brushing of dish using water which
significantly removed a high level of bacteria [1] (Miller et al., 1996). Interestingly, use of
chemical cleaners did not statistically improve the performance. Similarly, Abraham (1994)
reported the use of a dishwasher with only cold water to remove bacterial contamination from a
dish. Mr. Cochrane, in 1917 has introduced an electrical motor to operate the centrifugal water
pump. In this solution she also introduced the spraying arms. In that model, the rinse phase was
also introduced; the introduction of electrical appliances.
This modern life kitchen has determined the born of new era and the dishwasher manufactures
have seen a speedy increase of the production volume for this appliance. They observed that
improper cleaned and sanitizes dishes constitute a health hazard. Surveying the dishwashing
machines in the market we observed many defects in the system such as wastage of water,
requirement of man power, high installation cost, poor quality of cleaning etc.
We decided to implement a dishwashing machine which will not only overcome these defects
but also provide optimized cleaning. So for efficient cleaning of dishes we can use this system.
In future by modifying this system we can clean the big utensils, glassware, etc. general the
designer projected in wolkite university cafeteria materials require specialized cleaning
techniques, due to their shape, size, location and best dishwashers are the ones that can deliver
spotless dishes without needing them to be manually rinsed beforehand. , This design of
automatic dishwasher can be used to wash eating utensils very cleanly and with the ease The
main aim of this project is to design the dish washing machine. it is known that A dishwasher is
not a luxury but a necessity which can make your life a lot easier. The best dishwasher should
have a capacity suitable for your family's needs. It should also be easy to use, energy efficient
and reasonably quiet. Moreover, the best dishwashers are the ones that can deliver spotless dishes
without needing them to be manually rinsed beforehand. This design of dishwasher can be used
to wash eating utensils very cleanly and with the east

Chapter three
3.1 Research method
Ere meet the chain order to achieve all this, the following methods are to be followed closely
during the execution of the project to achieve the objective.
 Understand the objective of the project and search for the best result to solve the problem
statement.
 Study the literature review and analyses what implementation can be made to this project.
All information gathered together from the various sources such as common internet
website sources, journals, books, written articles, paper, blogs, video site and any
medium and resources.
 Simulations where certain are needed to be done in order to collect and to take note the
data and record for improvement.
 Generate conceptual design and concept selection characteristic require and final
conceptual design is obtaining.
 Next step is to test run whether the can work properly and meet the objective. Thus, the
problem found will be analyses and need to be rework.
 research of methodologey

start

indentifay
probelm

data
collecation

data collcation

litrature
review

concepet
generation

embodimente
design

componente
design

No
Is design feasible
or valid

yes

3 D model
component

assembel

No
simunetion

Yes

end

Figure 1 research methodology

3.3 Expected out come

Simple and easy manually operated dish washing cleaning machine that used to clean wide in
cafeteria

Adding a new technology the improve the challenge of cleaning

Improve the design of old manually operated dish washing machine

Figure 2 of dish washing machine

 Chapter Four

4.1 work plan

3/1/2014 3/21/2014 4/10/2014 4/30/2014 5/20/2014 6/9/2014 6/29/2014
introduction
data collection
literature review
concept of generation
embodiment design
component design
3D model component
assemble
submission

4.2 Table 1.1 of budget plan

S/N Component Dimension/size Material Quantity Amount
birr

1 Tray 530*530*810mm Mild steel 1 3250

2 Spray arm 460x14.2x18.1m Galvanized 0.5 451

m steel

3 Heater 8.5x908x0.5mm Platinum 1 1200

4 Pipe1 19x250mm Galvanized 1 1300
steel

5 Pipe2 25x200mm PVC 1 1500

6 Inlet hose 1500x15.3x1.5m Rubber 1 800

m

7 Discharge hose 2000x25x3.5mm Rubber 1 2000

8 Frame 600x600x800m Mild steel 2 750

9 Wall of wash Stainless 1 450

chamber steel

10 Pump size 0.3hp 1 2500

11 Motor size 0.1hp 1 3500

12 Pin plug 15A 1 400

13 Heater size 2200 Watt 1 450

14 Supply wire 2.5mmxICx3 copper 1 unit 300

15 Dish rack 260x260x530mm Stainless 2 630

steel

Bearing 6000 2 600

2RSx26D(mm)

Total 20080
 Conclusion

The design of a dish washing machine were successfully carried out. The capacity of the
machine was 20 plates per minutes (i.e 1880 plates per hour).
This deigned dish washing machine is very efficient and easy to operate. Hand washing a
common load of dishes, about twelve place settings, typically requires over eighty liters more
water than a dishwasher. This work has established the fact that washing machines of different
capacities can be manufactured locally in wolkite university standards. The work is rich with
mechanical engineering design and so could be used for instructing undergraduate of
mechanical, and mechatronic engineering
Bibliography
(1)A.D Dhale. I S, Ghodke, P.U Hase ,s.vJarag, and s.s helar. "design development of semi automatic
dishwasher." international journal of engineering research and development general scince,
2015: 108 -112.

(2)Afolabi, F odesola and O.A. "design fabrication and perfomance Evaluation of domastic dish washing
masheine." international jounale of scince and technologebahir dar in ethiopan, 2012: 164-173.

(3)Bay, jumeirah. 901. n.d.

(4)E.H David, S.P Danny,H.H Andreas. "how Energy Efficient are modern dishwashers." ACEEE summer
study on Energy efficiency in Buildings, florida, 2008.

(5)G.Brian. "investigating the insufficient cleaning of dirty dishes in confined living space and the design
of a Highiy marketable dishwasher solution." Bachelor of science research paper, virginia, united
state of america, 2010.

(6)N .s, costor. "energe and water consumption testing aconventianal dishwashing and adaptive control
dishwasheing." NIST, prooceding ofthe inetrnational appliane technologe conference, may 1997.

(7)(st, Lichfleld. 27-31. n.d. (accessed 2013).