Biology LABS (mark schemes) 2021

Lab # 1: Mango Tree Leaf

Title: Drawing of a Mango Tree Leaf

Aim: To identify the structure of the leaf

Skill: D

Criteria Specifics Marks

Title and magnification 2
Accuracy 2
Quality of lines 2
Labelling 2
Neatness 2
Total x/total x 10

Lab# 2
Topic: Photosynthesis
Aim: To investigate the process of photosynthesis by testing a green leaf for starch
Skill: MM

Criteria Specifics Marks

Air hole closed before 2
Lighting
Match lit before gas is turned 2
on
Air hole opened to give 2
oxygen
Head of frame controlled by 2
adjusting gas tap
Correct careful manipulation 2
of hot items
Total x/total x 10
Skill: ORR

Criteria Specifics Marks

Correct format 1
Report in Standard English in 2
the Past Tense
Correct sequence of method 2
Statement of Observation Leaf pale green/white 3
Alcohol
Leaf texture soft, brittle
Leaf blue-black
Discussion Background on 1
Photosynthesis
Explanation for results
Conclusion 1
Total x/total x 10

Lab# 3
Topic: Continuous Variation
Aim: To investigate continuous variation
Skill ORR

Criterion Specifics Marks

Proper format - Aim, Apparatus, 1
Materials etc. all
present in correct
order.
- Correct content
under each heading
1
Acceptable language and - Past tense / passive 1
expression voice
- Few/ no grammatical
1
errors
Appropriate form of - Method clearly 1
reporting described
- Logical sequence of
1
activities
- Adequate detail
1

Table - Title Self 1mark each=

explanatory
1 mark each=
- Relevant data
1 mark each=
columns
1 mark each=
- Details of data
- correct observation
recorded

Graph Title 1
Labeled axis 1
Accuracy 1

Total
Calculation for final tally x/total x 10
Lab #4
Title: Starch Testing
Aim: To test for starch in different food sample
Skill: MM

Criteria Specifics Marks

Air hole closed before 2
Lighting
Match lit before gas is turned 2
on
Air hole opened to give 2
oxygen
Head of frame controlled by 2
adjusting gas tap
Correct careful manipulation 2
of hot items
Total x/total x 10

Skill: AI

Criteria Specifics Marks

Background Information Adequate and relevant 2
Observation Colour change 2
Explanation/Interpretation of Correct inference based on 6
Result. the results of food test using
iodine solution
a. macaroni
b. bread
c. rice
d. orange
e. plum
f. sugar
Conclusion Related to data/based on aim 2
Total x/total x 10

Lab#5
Title: Testing for reducing sugar
Aim: To test for reducing sugar
Skill: MM

Criteria Specifics Marks

Air hole closed before 2
Lighting
Match lit before gas is turned 2
on
Air hole opened to give 2
oxygen
Head of frame controlled by 2
adjusting gas tap
Correct careful manipulation 2
of hot items
Total x/total x 10

Skill: AI

Criteria Specifics Marks

Background Information Adequate and relevant 2
Observation Colour change 2
Explanation/Interpretation of Correct inference based on 6
Result. the results of food test using
Benedict solution
a. macaroni
b. bread
c. rice
d. orange
e. plum
f. sugar
Conclusion Related to data/based on aim 2
Total x/total x 10

Lab#6
Title: Testing for Fat
Aim: To test for Fat using alcohol
Skill: MM

Criteria Specifics Marks

Air hole closed before 2
Lighting
Match lit before gas is turned 2
on
Air hole opened to give 2
oxygen
Head of frame controlled by 2
adjusting gas tap
Correct careful manipulation 2
of hot items
Total x/total x 10

Skill: AI

Criteria Specifics Marks

Background Information Adequate and relevant 2
Observation Colour change 2
Explanation/Interpretation of Correct inference based on 4
Result. the results of food test using
Alcohol
a. oil and alcohol
b. butter and alcohol
c. cheese and alcohol
d. water and alcohol
Conclusion Related to data/based on aim 2
Total x/total x 10

Lab# 7
Title: Planning and Designing
Topic: fruit ripening (Enzyme)
Aim: To investigate the effects of condition necessary for ripening fruit
Skill: P/D

Criteria Specifics Marks

Observation/problem/Researc
h question stated
Hypothesis Testable 2
Aim Should be related to 1
hypothesis
Materials and Apparatus 1
Method Suitable 2
At least one manipulated or
responding variable
Controlled Variables 1
Expected Results 2
Assumptions, 1
Precautions/Limitation

Total x/total x 10

Lab# 8:
Title: Aerobic Respiration
Topic: Breathing Rate
Aim: To investigate the effect of activity on human
Skill: ORR

Criterion Specifics Marks

Proper format - Aim, Apparatus, 1
Materials etc. all
present in correct
order.
- Correct content
under each heading
1
Acceptable language and - Past tense / passive 1
expression voice
- Few/ no grammatical
1
errors
Appropriate form of - Method clearly 1
reporting described
- Logical sequence of
1
activities
- Adequate detail
1

Table - Title Self 1mark each=

explanatory
1 mark each=
- Relevant data
1 mark each=
columns
1 mark each=
- Details of data
- correct observation
recorded

Graph Title 1
Labeled axis 1
Accuracy (bar graph) 1

Total
Calculation for final tally x/total x 10
Lab#: 9
Title: The Teeth
Aim: To observe the teeth of four animals (cow, donkey, dog and cat)
Skill: ORR

Criterion Specifics Marks

Proper format Title, Aim, 4
materials
All present in the
correct sequence
Correct content
under each
heading
Method
Appropriate language express correctly Past tense 1
Few/no
grammatical errors 1
Accurate observation/recordings Observation well 2
documented in a
table
Correct information Discussion has 2
correct
information on the
different animal
teeth
Conclusion 2
Answers the aim
Total
Calculation for final tally x/total x 10

Lab# 10
Topic: Coordination
Title: Reaction Time
Skill: AI

Criterion Specifics Marks

Backgroud Relationship to 2
information/biological investigation/observation
principle
Explanations/interpretation Define reaction time 3
of results Why is reflex action
important?
What part of the nervous
system is responsible for the
involuntary actions?
Results Neatly drawn table included 2
Title
Limitations Two limitations stated 2

Conclusion Based on observation/data 2

Total 11
x 10

Lab# 11
Topic: Sex Determination
Skill: AI

Criterion Specifics Marks

Background Relationship to 2
information/biological investigation/observation
principle
Explanations/interpretation of 1. What does stimulation 1
results represent?
The stimulation represents the
random selection of the
possible outcome for boys to
girl ratio.
2. During fertilization
what is the probability
of getting male or 1
female offspring?
The probability of getting
boys to girls is 50 percent
(50%)
3. What did the beaker A
and B represent? 1
A represents the female
chromosomes and the male
chromosomes represented by
the Beaker B
4. XX represents while
XY represents 1
XX represents the female
chromosomes and the male
chromosomes represented by
the XY

Explanation Related to aim 1

Limitation Two limitations 2
Conclusion Based on observation/data 1
Total x10

Lab# 12
Topic: Storage organs
Skill: Drawing

Criteria Specifics Marks

Title and magnification 2
Accuracy 2
Quality of lines 2
Labelling 2
Neatness 2
Total x/total x 10

Lab#13
Topic: Growth Rate of Plants
Skill: Planning and Designing

Criteria Specifics Marks

Observation/problem/Researc
h question stated
Hypothesis Testable 2
Aim Should be related to 1
hypothesis
Materials and Apparatus 1
Method Suitable 2
At least one manipulated or
responding variable
Controlled Variables 1
Expected Results 2
Assumptions, 1
Precautions/Limitation

Total x/total x 10

Lab # 14
Topic: Osmosis
Skill: ORR

Criteria Specifics Marks

Past tense, passive voice 2
Sequence 2
Neatness, accurate 2
observation
Standard English 2
Aim and Conclusion clearly 2
stated and connected
Total x/total x 10

Lab# 15
Topic: Ecosystem
Skill: D

Criterion Specifics Marks

General rules observed - Lines even and 2
continuous
1
- No shading of
unnecessary detail
1
- Use of sharp or
pointed pencil 2
- Self explanatory title
Accuracy - In proportion 2
- All relevant/visible 2
structures
represented

Labelling - In pencil and straight 1

2
- Neatly aligned
2
1

- Touching labeled
structure
-

Total 12
Calculation for final tally x/12 x 10

Lab#: 16
Topic: Terrestrial Equipment
Title: Soil Drainage and Retention
Skill: ORR

Criteria Specifics Marks

Past tense, passive voice 2
Sequence 2
Neatness, accurate 2
observation
Standard English 2
Aim and Conclusion clearly 2
stated and connected
Total x/total x 10

Skill: MM

Criteria Specifics Marks

Filtration Proper folding of filter paper 1
Filter paper moistened for 1
proper seating
Not filled to the edge of the 1
filter paper
Mixture poured along glass 1
rod
Filter paper not punctured 1
Measuring Cylinder Ensure that the cylinder is 1
resting on a flat even surface
Reading the meniscus at eye 1
level
Read volume placing a blank 1
paper behind cylinder
Read the bottom of the 1
meniscus
Read scale accurately from top 1
to bottom
Total x10

Lab # 17
Topic: Natural Selection
Skill: ORR

Criteria Specifics Marks

Proper Format Aim, apparatus and materials 1
All present in the correct 1
sequence 1
Correct content under each 1
heading
Method
Acceptable Language and Past tense/passive voice 1
Expression Few/no grammatical errors 1
Accurate 1
observation/recordings
Appropriate description, Neatly drawn table included 1
tables and diagrams
Discussion Explanations and conclusion 1
included
Conclusion Related to the aim 1
Total x10

Lab#18
Topic: Germination
Skill: ORR

Criteria Specifics Marks

Proper Format Aim, apparatus and materials 1
All present in the correct 1
sequence 1
Correct content under each 1
heading
method

Acceptable Language and Past tense/passive voice 1

Expression Few/no grammatical errors 1
Appropriate description, tables Neatly drawn table included 1
and /diagrams plot a line graph top show the
growth of peas over a five day
period 1
Title stated 1
Axes labelled 1
Scale stated 1
Lines drawn with straight edge
Accurate 1
observation/recordings
Discussion Explanations 1
Conclusion Related to the aim 1
Total X14 10

Lab#: 19
Topic: Germination
Skill: Drawing

Criterion Specifics Marks

General rules observed - Lines even and 2
continuous
1
- No shading of
unnecessary detail
1
- Use of sharp or
pointed pencil 2
- Self explanatory title
Accuracy - In proportion 2
- All relevant/visible 2
structures
represented

Labelling - In pencil and straight 1

2
- Neatly aligned
2
1

- Touching labeled
structure
-

Total 12
Calculation for final tally x/12 x 10