EARTHQUAKE SCRIPT

STEPH: Hello every one this is Group 3 and we will be explaining what is Earthquake. But first let me ask
you, do you know earthquake? Yes? I think everybody does. When we think of an Earthquake, the first
thing that come up on our mind is a shaking ground, right? We see a lot of movies that includes different
levels of such as “San Andreas”, “10.0 earthquake” and others and we are always terrified by its size and
effects. Well, that is right but we will explain even deeper so better listen! To be continued by King.

KING:That’s right we will be explaining earthquake, but before I explain about the earthquake, do you
know that there are at least 500,000 earthquakes yearly and there are at least one earthquake with a
magnitude of 8,0 or higher on average per year. An earthquake is a natural disaster that no one could
make it move or stop.

MOIRA:For more ideas,Earthquakes can be manmade these kind of earthquakes are called induced
seismicity and they are made just by mining the material from the subsurface like groundwater, oil, and
gas and when they took the materials they also remove the weight of overlying materials which
normally clamp faults shut, enables faults under stress to move more easily.Earthquake is a term used to
describe both sudden slip on a fault, and the resulting ground shaking and radiated seismic energy
caused by the slip, or by volcanic or magmatic activity. Simple as that! When something happens for
sure there’s a reason why right? Just like earthquakes, there is for sure a reason why it happens. For the
causes of an earthquake is very simple, so that will be spelled out by Prince.

PRINCE: For the causes, as mentioned earlier that it’s very simple. Earthquakes are usually caused when
underground rock suddenly breaks and there is rapid motion along a fault. This sudden release of energy
causes the seismic waves that make the ground shake. For more causes here is Friel to give few more
causes.

FRIEL:The first major cause of an earthquake is Volcanic eruption. Most earthquakes directly beneath a
volcano are caused by the movement of magma. The magma exerts pressure on the rocks until it cracks
the rock. Then the magma squirts into the crack and starts building pressure again. Every time the rock
cracks it makes a small earthquake. In simple words, the bigger the crack the stronger ground shakes.
Also known as “Volcano Quake”.

MARK: Second, Tectonic movements. The tectonic plates are always slowly moving, but they get stuck
at their edges due to friction. When the stress on the edge overcomes the friction, there is an
earthquake that releases energy in waves that travel through the earth's crust and cause the shaking
that we feel.
STEPH: And lastly, we have Man made. You’re probably wondering how can a human create and
Earthquake. Well by using bombs. Like crazy bombs. The interference of man with nature can also
become a cause of the earthquake. The disturbance of crustal balance due to heavy clubbing of water in
dams can cause earthquakes. Nuclear bombing can send specific types of shockwaves throughout the
surface of the earth, which can disturb the natural alignment of tectonic plates. Mining can also cause
disturbance due to the extensive removal of rocks from different areas.

KING: And yes, we are done for the causes now for the effects and results. The primary effects of
earthquakes are ground shaking, ground rupture, landslides, tsunamis, and liquefaction. Fires are
probably the single most important secondary effect of earthquakes.

MOIRA: King gave a lot of effects after an earthquake so let us explain it few of it. First the landslides.
Because of the ground shaking the solid grounds that are not strong enough it will eventually be broken
and leads to landslide. An earthquake is the sudden, rapid shaking of the earth caused by the breaking
and shifting of rock deep underground. In a landslide, masses of rock, earth or debris move down a
slope. They can be activated by storms, earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, fires and human modification
of land.

PRINCE:Fires is the most common side effects of earthquakes, it happens after an earthquake because,
it is often associated with broken power lines and gas pipes. In other words when earthquakes break
electric wires or gas pipe it can cause fires by flammable or hot materials around it.

FRIEL:Lastly, earthquakes claim10,000 human lives and damages as high as $2.1 billion and low as
$529 million per year. The city isthe most affected because of tall building collapsing. Because of this
some people die, others lost their homes, loved ones, and business . So in earthquakes humans are the
most affected

MARK: And for our last lesson about earthquake is Earthquake Magnitude and Intensity. First let’s talk
about earthquake magnitude first. Earthquake magnitude is the levels of earthquake. Magnitude is the
size of the earthquake.An earthquake has a single magnitude. The shaking that it causes has many
values that vary from place to place based on distance, type of surface material, and other factors.

STEPH:More information about Magnitude is that Magnitude measures the energy released at the
source of the earthquake. Magnitude is determined from measurements on seismographs. Intensity
measures the strength of shaking produced by the earthquake at a certain location. Intensity is
determined from effects on people, human structures, and the natural environment.
MOIRA: For Intensity The intensity of an earthquake at a location is a number that characterizes the
severity of ground shaking at that location by considering the effects often shaking on people, on
manmade structures, and on the landscape.

KING: Fun facts about the earthquake. The most effected by earthquakes is Japan with 2000
earthquakes each year. This is so frequent because they live near the Ring of Fire which is the cause of
earthquakes 90% of the time this happens because in the ring of fire the tectonic plates in the area shift
frequently resulting is the forming of volcanos and earthquake.

PRINCE:The longest recorded earthquake that lasted for 10 minutes was 1960 Valdivia earthquake and
for comparison an average earthquake lasts around a minute. And that’s all we can explain today. Have
a great day everyone!