Module 1: Digital Citizenship

CITING SOURCES

CORE COMPONENTS OF AN APA REFERENCE:

Author’s Surname, Initial(s). (Date Published). Title of Source. Location of Publisher:

Publisher. Retrieved from URL

Author Rules:
● Initials are separated and ended by period.
Example: Himor, E.B.
● Multiple authors are separated by commas and an ampersand.
Example: Himor, E.B., Sison, R., & Reyes, D.J.N.
● Multiple authors with the same surname and initial: add their name in square brackets
Example: Reyes, D. [David].

Date Rules:
● Date refers to the date of publishing
● If the date is unknown ‘n.d.’ is used in its place.
Example: Himor, E.B. (n.d.).

Title Rules:
● The format changes depending on what is being referenced.

Publisher Rules:
● If in the US: the city and two letter state code must be stated.
Example: San Francisco, CA
● If not in the US: the city and country must be stated.
Example: Manila, Philippines

URL:
● This is used if the source is an online source.
HOW TO CITE AN E-BOOK:
An E-Book reference is the same as a book reference except the publisher is swapped for a
URL. The basic structure is as follows:

Author surname, initial(s) (Ed(s).*). (Year). Title (ed.*). Retrieved

from URL

Example:
Mitchell, J.A., Thomson, M., & Coyne, R.P. (2017). A guide to
citation. Retrieved from
https://www.mendeley.com/reference-management/reference-manager

HOW TO CITE A WEBSITE WITH AUTHOR:

Author surname, initial(s). (Publishing Date). Title. Retrieved from
URL

Example:
Ostro, A. (2009, Oct. 8). Twitter is frozen in time. Mashable.
Retrieved from
http://mashable.com/2009/10/08/twitter-is-frozen-in-time/

HOW TO CITE A WEBSITE WITHOUT AUTHOR:

Title. (Publishing Date). Retrieved from URL

Example:
Globalization and clothes. (2006). Retrieved from
http://unpac.ca/economy/g_clothes.html

HOW TO CITE AN ARTICLE FROM A WEBPAGE, NO DATE:

Author surname, initial(s). (n.d.). Title of article. Retrieved from
URL

Example:
Dvoretsky, D.P. (n.d.). History: Pavlov Institute of Physiology of
the Russian Academy of Sciences. Retrieved from
http://www.infran.ru/history_eng.html
HOW TO CITE AN ONLINE NEWSPAPER ARTICLE:
Author surname, initial(s). (Publication date). Title of article.
Website Name. Retrieved from URL

Example:
Zernike, K. (2009, April 1). Paying in full as the ticket into
colleges. The New York Times. Retrieved from http://www.nytimes.com

HOW TO CITE AN AUDIO PODCAST:

Author surname, initial(s). (Contributor title). (Year, Month Date).
Podcast episode title [Audio podcast]. Retrieved from URL.

Example:
Van Nuys, D. (Producer). (2006, October 13). Understanding autism
[Audio podcast]. Shrink Rap Radio. Retrieved from
http://www.shrinkrapradio.com

HOW TO CITE A BLOG POSTING:

Author surname, initial(s). (Year, Month Date). Title. Website Name.
Message posted to URL

Example:
Blakeslee, S. (2009, Sept. 24). Article Quick Search vs Google. The
Library Channel. Message posted to
http://blogs.csuchico.edu/librarynews/2009/09/article-quick-search-vs
-google/

HOW TO CITE A VIDEO/MOVIE ONLINE:

Author surname, initial(s). (Year, Month Date). Title of video [Video
file]. Retrieved from URL

Example:
Norton, R. (2006, November 4). How to train a cat to operate a light
switch [Video file]. Retrieved from
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Vja83KLQXZs
Resources:
APA Format Citation Guide. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.mendeley.com/guides/apa-citation-guide
Citing Sources--APA 6th ed. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://libguides.csuchico.edu/c.php?g=414152&p=2822594