4

Young
Achievers
Language
Reference
Unit 0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . page 2
Unit 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . page 6
Unit 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . page 10
Unit 3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . page 14
Unit 4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . page 18
Unit 5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . page 22
Unit 6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . page 26
Unit 7 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . page 30
Unit 8 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . page 34
Irregular verb list . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . page 38
Trinity exam practice 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . page 40
Trinity exam practice 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . page 42
Trinity exam practice 3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . page 44
Trinity exam practice 4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . page 46
Trinity exam topic form . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . page 48

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 Unit 0
Grammar reference
Present simple
Affirmative
I live in Europe.
You live in Europe.
He/She/It lives in Europe.
We/You/They live in Europe.
Interrogative
Do I live in Europe?
Do you live in Europe?
Does he/she/it live in Europe?
Do we/you/they live in Europe?
Present continuous
Affirmative
I’m listening.
You’re listening.
He’s/She’s/It’s listening.
We’re/You’re/They’re listening.
Interrogative
Am I listening?
Are you listening?
Is he/she/it listening?
Are we/you/they listening?
Past simple
Affirmative
I went to London.
You went to London.
He/She/It went to London.
We/You/They went to London.
Interrogative
Did I go to London?
Did you go to London?
Did he/she/it go to London?
Did we/you/they go to London?
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Negative
I don’t live in Europe.
You don’t live in Europe.
He/She/It doesn’t live in Europe.
We/You/They don’t live in Europe.
Short answers
Yes, I do. / No, I don’t.
Yes, you do. / No, you don’t.
Yes, he/she/it does. / No, he/she/it doesn’t.
Yes, we/you/they do. / No, we/you/they don’t.
Negative
I’m not listening.
You’re not listening.
He’s not/She’s not/It’s not listening.
We’re not/You’re not/They’re not listening.
Short answers
Yes, I am. / No, I’m not.
Yes, you are. / No, you aren’t.
Yes, he/she/it is. / No, he/she/it isn’t.
Yes, we/you/they are. /
No, we/you/they aren’t.
Negative
I didn’t go to London.
You didn’t go to London.
He/She/It didn’t go to London.
We/You/They didn’t go to London.
Short answers
Yes, I did. / No, I didn’t.
Yes, you did. / No, you didn’t.
Yes, he/she/it did. / No, he/she/it didn’t.
Yes, we/you/they did. /
No, we/you/they didn’t.
21/12/15 16:14
 Unit 0
Grammar reference
• For a list of irregular verbs, see pages 38-39.

Future with going to

Affirmative
I’m going to go to sleep.
You’re going to go to sleep.
He’s/She’s/It’s going to go to sleep.
We’re/You’re/They’re going to go to sleep.
Negative
I’m not going to go to sleep.
You aren’t going to go to sleep.
He/She/It isn’t going to go to sleep.
We/You/They aren’t going to go to sleep.

Interrogative Short answers

Am I going to go to sleep? Yes, I am. / No, I’m not.
Are you going to go to sleep? Yes, you are. / No, you aren’t.
Is he/she/it going to go to sleep? Yes, he/she/it is. / No, he/she/it isn’t.
Are we/you/they going to go to sleep? Yes, we/you/they are. / No, we/you/they aren’t.

can for present ability could for past ability

Affirmative Negative Affirmative Negative

It can fly. It can’t fly. They could climb They couldn’t
trees. climb trees.
Interrogative Short answers
Interrogative Short answers
Can it fly? Yes, it can. / No, it
can’t. Could they climb Yes, they could. /
trees? No, they couldn’t.
should for advice

Affirmative Negative
I should do more sports. I shouldn’t do more sports.

Interrogative Short answers

Should I do more sports? Yes, I should. / No, I shouldn’t.

Quantifiers
Affirmative Negative Interrogative
Plural countable a lot (of) a lot (of) a lot (of)
nouns some any any
a few How many
Uncountable nouns a lot (of) a lot (of) a lot (of)
a little any any
How much

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 Unit 0
Grammar practice
1 Circle the correct option. 4. we / ride a bike / this weekend

1. I’ve got / ’s got two sisters.

5. she / be our teacher?
2. I speak / ‘m speaking three
languages: Spanish, English and
6. I / learn something new / every day
Mandarin!
3. This animal is got / has got 60
pointed teeth. 4 Complete the sentences with the
4. What are / is your favourite subjects? correct forms of can, could or should.
5. Do / Have you got a best friend? 1. We do our
6. I’m drinking / drink five glasses of homework on time.
water a day. 2. He speak Spanish
very well, but he’s learning.
2 Complete the dialogues with the 3. She ride a bike when
correct past simple form of the verb.
she was five! Her dad taught her.
A: (1) (do) you have a
4. Did you know some snakes
good time?
swim?
B: Yes, I did. I (2) (go)
5. You drink too many
on holiday with my best friend. We (3)
sugary drinks.
(visit) her family in
6. In Shakespeare’s time, a lot of people
Italy.
in England read.
A: What did you (4)
(do) there? 5 Correct the sentences.
B: We (5) (not have) 1. How much bananas are there?
time to do much sightseeing, but we
(6) (see) some cool 2. We haven’t got some milk.
Roman ruins!

3 Write sentences with going to. 3. Our aunt brought us a lot cherries.

1. he / pay attention

4. There was only a few jam.

2. you / do your homework?

5. Yes, we bought lot of eggs.

3. they / not / speak Spanish

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Animals
camel (noun) ________________________
carnivore (noun) ________________________
cheetah (noun) ________________________
cow (noun) ________________________
crocodile (noun) ________________________
dangerous (adj.) ________________________
dinosaur (noun) ________________________
feed (verb) ________________________
giraffe (noun) ________________________
horn (noun) ________________________
monkey (noun) ________________________
ostrich (noun) ________________________
penguin (noun) ________________________
rhinoceros (noun) ________________________
trunk (noun) ________________________
tusk (noun) ________________________
zebra (noun) ________________________
Days of the week
Monday (noun) ________________________
Tuesday (noun) ________________________
Wednesday (noun) ________________________
Thursday (noun) ________________________
Friday (noun) ________________________
Saturday (noun) ________________________
Sunday (noun) ________________________
Food
banana (noun) ________________________
kiwi (noun) ________________________
orange (noun) ________________________
salty (adj.) ________________________
strawberry (noun) ________________________
sugary (adj.) ________________________
Free Time
go horse riding
(verb phrase) ________________________
750414 _ 0001-0048.indd 5
Unit 0
Wordlist
play chess
(verb phrase) ________________________
play tennis
(verb phrase) ________________________
read (verb) ________________________
sing (verb) ________________________
swim (verb) ________________________
visit (verb) ________________________
watch TV
(verb phrase) ________________________
Illnesses
cold (adj., noun) ________________________
cough (noun, verb)________________________
earache (noun) ________________________
fever (noun) ________________________
Months of the year
January (noun) ________________________
February (noun) ________________________
March (noun) ________________________
April (noun) ________________________
May (noun) ________________________
June (noun) ________________________
July (noun) ________________________
August (noun) ________________________
September (noun) ________________________
October (noun) ________________________
November (noun) ________________________
December (noun) ________________________
School
pen (noun) ________________________
pencil (noun) ________________________
ruler (noun) ________________________
Seasons
spring (noun) ________________________
summer (noun) ________________________
autumn (noun) ________________________
winter (noun) ________________________
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16/12/15 15:26
 Unit 1
Grammar reference
Question words: who, what, when, where, which, why, how

Questions
Who’s your best friend?
What are your hobbies?
When do you start school?
Where do you meet your friends?
Which do you prefer: sport or cinema?
Why
can forshould we listen to our teacher?
permission
How do you get to school?
Answers
My best friend is Paula.
I like swimming and playing tennis.
I start school at 8am.
We meet in the park.
Sport.
Because we can learn new things.
By bus.

Descriptions:
be and adjectives

Affirmative Negative
I’m short. I’m not short.
You’re happy. You aren’t happy.
He/She/It’s shy. He/She/It isn’t shy.
We/You/They’re talkative. We/You/They aren’t talkative.

Interrogative Short answers

Am I short? Yes, I am. / No, I’m not.
Are you happy? Yes, you are. / No, you aren’t.
Is he/she/it shy? Yes, he/she/it is. / No, he/she/it isn’t.
Are we/you/they talkative? Yes, we/you/they are. /
No, we/you/they aren’t.

have got and noun phrases

Affirmative
I’ve got freckles.
You’ve got curly hair.
He/She/It’s got fair skin.
We/You/They’ve got brown eyes.
Negative
I haven’t got freckles.
You haven’t got curly hair.
He/She/It hasn’t got fair skin.
We/You/They haven’t got brown eyes.

Interrogative Short answers

Have I got freckles?
Have you got curly hair?
Has he/she/it got fair skin?
Have we/you/they got brown eyes?
Yes, I have. / No, I haven’t.
Yes, you have. / No, you haven’t.
Yes, he/she/it has. / No, he/she/it hasn’t.
Yes, we/you/they have. /
No, we/you/they haven’t.

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 Unit 1
Grammar reference
He's tall and very talkative. I've got fair skin and freckles.
She's shy but she's funny. Has your father got blue eyes?
Are your friends outgoing? No, he hasn't.
Yes, they are.
Present continuous

Affirmative Negative
I’m helping. I’m not helping.
You’re helping. You aren’t helping.
He’s helping. He isn’t helping.
She’s helping. She isn’t helping.
It’s helping. It isn’t helping.
We’re helping. We aren’t helping.
You’re helping. You aren’t helping.
They’re helping. They aren’t helping.

Interrogative Short answers

Am I helping? Yes, I am. / No, I’m not.
Are you helping? Yes, you are. / No, you aren’t.
Is he helping? Yes, he is. / No, he isn’t.
Is she helping? Yes, she is. / No, she isn’t.
Is it helping? Yes, it is. / No, it isn’t.
Are we helping? Yes, we are. / No, we aren’t.
Are you helping? Yes, you are. / No, you aren’t.
Are they helping? Yes, they are. / No, they aren’t.

Present simple and present continuous with usually and but

I usually have school on Friday, but today Do you walk to school?
I'm going on a trip! Yes, I do, but today I'm taking the bus.
They usually watch films on TV, but today
they're going to the cinema.

Present continuous with adverbs of manner

She isn't speaking politely.
They're reading their books sleepily.
Are we working quietly?

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 Unit 1
Grammar practice
1 Match the questions with the answers. 3 Complete with the present simple or
the present continuous.
1. Who’s your best friend?
2. What are you watching? 1. I usually (go) to bed at
3. Where are going to go for your next 10pm, but today I
holiday? (stay up) with my dad to watch the
4.Which T-shirt did you buy? The red football.
one or the blue one? 2. He normally (wear)
5. Why can’t penguins fly? a uniform to school, but today he
6. How often should we brush our teeth? (go) in a Halloween
costume!
a. Because their wings are for swimming,
3. I (see) my best friend
not flying.
almost every day, but today she
b. To the Algarve, in Portugal.
(visit) her cousins.
c. We bought the blue one.
4. You can’t talk to Amy now – she
d. At least twice a day.
(do) her homework.
e. Danielle.
5. What you
f. My favourite programme. Shhh!
(do) in this photo?
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.
4 Write sentences with adverbs. Use the
2 Write the sentences. present continuous.
1. she / tall / (?) quietly loudly politely slowly

2. you / fair hair / (+) 1. She / speak / because the baby is

sleeping.
3. They / tanned / (-)
2. They / play music / so the neighbours
4. I / freckles / (?) are angry.

5. We / talkative / (-) 3. He / not ask / so I won’t give it to him.

6. He / green eyes / (+) 4. I / do my homework / because I want

it to be perfect!

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Adverbs
angrily ________________________
happily ________________________
loudly ________________________
nervously ________________________
politely ________________________
quickly ________________________
quietly ________________________
sadly ________________________
sleepily ________________________
slowly ________________________
Free time
beach (noun) ________________________
bored (adj.) ________________________
dance (verb) ________________________
laptop (noun) ________________________
online (adj.) ________________________
play basketball
(verb phrase) ________________________
ride a horse
(verb phrase) ________________________
surf the web
(verb phrase) ________________________
People
athletic (adj.) ________________________
curly (adj.) ________________________
dark (adj.) ________________________
fair (adj.) ________________________
freckles (adj.) ________________________
friendship (noun) ________________________
funny (adj.) ________________________
hang out
(phrasal verb) ________________________
heavy (adj.) ________________________
lazy (adj.) ________________________
outgoing (adj.) ________________________
pale (adj.) ________________________
750414 _ 0001-0048.indd 9
Unit 1
Wordlist
personality (noun) ________________________
short (adj.) ________________________
shy (adj.) ________________________
straight (adj.) ________________________
talkative (adj.) ________________________
tall (adj.) ________________________
tanned (adj.) ________________________
tell the truth
(verb phrase) ________________________
thin (adj.) ________________________
trust (verb) ________________________
School
chair (noun) ________________________
graph (noun) ________________________
homework (noun) ________________________
percent (noun) ________________________
percentage (noun) ________________________
stairs (noun) ________________________
study (verb) ________________________
Other
bear (noun) ________________________
care (verb) ________________________
dare (verb) ________________________
have a shower
(verb phrase) ________________________
helmet (noun) ________________________
hourglass (noun) ________________________
knight (noun) ________________________
long (adj.) ________________________
medieval (adj.) ________________________
pair (noun) ________________________
present (noun) ________________________
share (verb) ________________________
square (noun) ________________________
trainers (noun) ________________________
wear (verb) ________________________
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 Unit 2
Grammar reference
Past simple

Affirmative Negative
I moved to China. I didn’t move to China.
You moved to China. You didn’t move to China.
He moved to China. He didn’t move to China.
She moved to China. She didn’t move to China.
It moved to China. It didn’t move to China.
We moved to China. We didn’t move to China.
You moved to China. You didn’t move to China.
They moved to China. They didn’t move to China.

Interrogative Short answers

Did I move to China? Yes, I did. / No, I didn’t.
Did you move to China? Yes, you did. / No, you didn’t.
Did he move to China? Yes, he did. / No, he didn’t.
Did she move to China? Yes, she did. / No, she didn’t.
Did it move to China? Yes, it did. / No, it didn’t.
Did we move to China? Yes, we did. / No, we didn’t.
Did you move to China? Yes, you did. / No, you didn’t.
Did they move to China? Yes, they did. / No, they didn’t.

I saw the Great Wall of China.

I didn't travel this summer.
Did she help you? Yes, she did.

Spelling rules
• We form the past simple of regular verbs by adding -ed:
act – acted pass – passed start – started
• If a verb ends in + -e, we just add -d:
explore – explored move – moved survive – survived
• If the verb ends in a consonant + -y, the ending is -ied:
identify – identified study – studied
• If a one-syllable verb ends in consonant + vowel + consonant, we usually
double the final consonant:
grab – grabbed stop – stopped
• The same happens with verbs with more than one syllable ending in consonant + vowel
+ consonant if the last syllable is stressed.
prefer – preferred travel – travelled

• For a list of irregular verbs, see pages 38-39.

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 Unit 2
Grammar reference
Past continuous

Affirmative
I was travelling quickly.
You were travelling quickly.
He was travelling quickly.
She was travelling quickly.
It was travelling quickly.
We were travelling quickly.
You were travelling quickly.
They were travelling quickly.
Negative
I wasn’t travelling quickly.
You weren’t travelling quickly.
He wasn’t travelling quickly.
She wasn’t travelling quickly.
It wasn’t travelling quickly.
We weren’t travelling quickly.
You weren’t travelling quickly.
They weren’t travelling quickly.

Interrogative Short answers

Was I travelling quickly?
Were you travelling quickly?
Was he travelling quickly?
Was she travelling quickly?
Was it travelling quickly?
Were we travelling quickly?
Were you travelling quickly?
Were they travelling quickly?
Yes, I was. / No, I wasn’t.
Yes, you were. / No, you weren’t.
Yes, he was. / No, he wasn’t.
Yes, she was. / No, she wasn’t.
Yes, it was. / No, it wasn’t.
Yes, we were. / No, we weren’t.
Yes, you were. / No, you weren’t.
Yes, they were. / No, they weren’t.

I was watching television at 6pm last night.

He was doing his homework when his friend rang the doorbell.
What were you doing when I called?
I was watching TV.
Were they playing basketball when the storm struck?
Yes, they were.
Was she eating something hard when her tooth fell out?
No, she wasn't.

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 Unit 2
Grammar practice
1 Order the questions. to pick us up. When we arrived in the
mountains at 1pm, the guides
1. weekend / did / last / you / what / do / ?
(3) (make) lunch for us.
Then at 3pm, while everyone else back
2. s chool / long / to / journey / did /
at school (4) (get) ready to
how / your / take / ?
go home, we (5) (put) on
special equipment to go climbing. By the
3. eat / what / you / for / did / lunch / ?
time we came back down the mountain,
it was 6pm and the sun (6)
4. h
 oliday / where / you / did / go /
(go) down. What a great day!
your / on / ?
4 Complete the sentences about you
5. h
 oliday / bring / you / did / from / for yesterday.
anything / back / ? 1. At 9am
.
6. d
 id / you / what / learn / school / 2. At 1pm
today / at / ? .
3. At 3pm

2 Answer the questions in exercise 1 for .

you. 4. At 6pm
.
1.
2. 5 Write sentences with the past simple
3. and the past continuous.
4. 1. I / sail / when / hit an iceberg
5.
6. 2. He / watch a film / when / a friend call

3 Complete the diary using the past

continuous. 3. S
 he / tidy her room / when / find a letter

A day in the mountains

Yesterday was a very different day for 4. They / sleep / when / the storm start

class 5B! At 6am, while my brother

(1) (sleep), we 5. We / not speak in English / when / the

(2) (wait) for the bus teacher arrive

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Exploring
animal tracks
(noun phrase) ________________________
build a shelter
(verb phrase) ________________________
casualty (noun) ________________________
catch fish
(verb phrase) ________________________
claw (noun) ________________________
colony (noun) ________________________
compass (noun) ________________________
crocodile (noun) ________________________
discover (verb) ________________________
disease (noun) ________________________
eat (verb) ________________________
hike (verb) ________________________
immigrant (noun) ________________________
journey (noun) ________________________
kill (verb) ________________________
paw (noun) ________________________
route (noun) ________________________
spice (noun) ________________________
survive (verb) ________________________
travel (verb) ________________________
trip (noun) ________________________
wild (adj.) ________________________
wilderness (noun) ________________________
Free time
bake (verb) ________________________
cycle (verb) ________________________
play (verb) ________________________
skate (verb) ________________________
Life events (verb phrases)
act in a play ________________________
be born ________________________
get a new job ________________________
get a pet ________________________
750414 _ 0001-0048.indd 13
Unit 2
Wordlist
learn to do
something ________________________
meet your
best friend ________________________
move house ________________________
pass a test ________________________
play a musical
instrument ________________________
start primary
school ________________________
win a prize ________________________
The sea
canoe (noun, verb) ________________________
captain (noun) ________________________
crew (noun) ________________________
dolphin (noun) ________________________
go fishing
(verb phrase) ________________________
iceberg (noun) ________________________
longboat (noun) ________________________
mast (noun) ________________________
oar (noun) ________________________
oarsman (noun) ________________________
overboard (adverb)________________________
polar ice caps
(noun phrase) ________________________
row (verb) ________________________
Viking (noun) ________________________
wave (noun) ________________________
whale (noun) ________________________
wooden (adj.) ________________________
Other
dawn (noun) ________________________
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 Unit 3
Grammar reference
Comparative adjectives: regular and irregular

For one-syllable adjectives ending in -e, we add -r. nice – nicer

fine – finer
For one-syllable adjectives ending consonant + vowel + consonant, big – bigger
we double the last consonant and add -er. wet – wetter
For other one-syllable adjectives, we add -er. small – smaller
hard – harder
For one- or two-syllable adjectives ending in -y, we omit -y and dry – drier
add -ier. heavy – heavier
For other adjectives with two or more syllables, we use more. more difficult
more dangerous
For irregular adjectives, we use a different word completely. good – better
bad – worse
far – further
• When we compare two things, we use the comparative form of the adjective + than.
Spring time is nicer than winter.
The Colosseum is bigger than other stadiums.
The Great Pyramid is taller than the Statue of Liberty.
Mountaineering is more dangerous than racing.
Sydney is further away than Beijing.

as … as
• We use as + adjective + as to say two things are equal to each other in some way.
Jeremy is as tall as Keira.
My brother is as strong as an ox!
Football isn't as exciting as basketball.
Are your hands as cold as mine?

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 Unit 3
Grammar reference
Superlative adjectives: regular and irregular

For one-syllable adjectives ending in -e, we add -st. nice – the nicest
fine – the finest
For one-syllable adjectives ending consonant + vowel + big – the biggest
consonant, we double the last consonant and add -est. wet – the wettest
For other one-syllable adjectives, we add -est. small – the smallest
hard – the hardest
For one- or two-syllable adjectives ending in -y, we omit -y and dry – the driest
add -iest. heavy – the heaviest
For other adjectives with two or more syllables, we use the most difficult
the most. the most careful
For irregular adjectives, we use a different word completely. good – the best
bad – the worst
far – the furthest
France has the finest cheeses!
Ireland is the wettest country!
Where is the tallest building in the world?
Mighty Mike is the heaviest wrestler.
What is the most exciting city to visit?
The best thing about Spain is the food.

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 Unit 3
Grammar practice
1 Complete the sentences with the 4 Complete the questions with the
comparative form of the adjective. superlative.
1. Canada is (big) than 1. Who’s the (tall) student
the USA. in your class?
2. The Eiffel Tower is (old) 2. Who’s the (young)
than Big Ben. member of your family?
3. Everest is (high) than 3. Who’s the (good)
Mount McKinley. sportsperson in your country?
4. A kilo of sugar is 4. What’s the (bad) thing
(heavy) than a pound of sugar. about winter?
5. London is (wet) than 5. What’s the (difficult)
Sydney. subject at school?
6. A city is (small) than a
town.
5 Answer the questions in exercise 4 for
you.
2 Now write true or false for exercise 1. 1.
Correct the false sentences. 2.
1. 3.
2. 4.
3. 5.
4.
5.
6 Tick (✓) or cross (✗) the sentences.
Rewrite incorrect sentences.
6.
1. It’s more warmer in my house.
3 Write comparative sentences. Use
comparative adjectives or as ... as. 2. She’s got biger feet than mine.
1. Madrid / expensive / Paris
3. I wake up later at the weekends.
2.Mountain climbing / difficult /
mountain biking 4. Wrestling is as dangerous as boxing.

3. Football / popular / wrestling 5. She is the more popular singer today.

4. Reading / relaxing / watching TV

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Measurements
°C, degree(s)
Celsius (noun) ________________________
cm, centimetres
(noun) ________________________
distance (noun) ________________________
heavier (adj.) ________________________
height (noun) ________________________
high (adj.) ________________________
hundred (noun) ________________________
kg, kilogram
(noun) ________________________
lighter (adj.) ________________________
m, metre (noun) ________________________
million (noun) ________________________
mm, millimetre
(noun) ________________________
weight (noun) ________________________
People
barefoot (adj.) ________________________
blood vessel
(noun phrase) ________________________
heart rate
(noun phrase) ________________________
muscle (noun) ________________________
neck (noun) ________________________
organ (noun) ________________________
pain (noun) ________________________
panic (verb) ________________________
pulse (noun) ________________________
relax (verb) ________________________
resting (adj.) ________________________
young (adj.) ________________________
Places
Athens (noun) ________________________
Atlanta (noun) ________________________
big (adj.) ________________________
750414 _ 0001-0048.indd 17
Unit 3
Wordlist
cold (adj.) ________________________
continent (noun) ________________________
cool (adj.) ________________________
cost (noun) ________________________
crowd (noun) ________________________
dangerous (adj.) ________________________
difficult (adj.) ________________________
dry (adj.) ________________________
expensive (adj.) ________________________
London (noun) ________________________
Rio (noun) ________________________
small (adj.) ________________________
summit (noun) ________________________
Sydney (noun) ________________________
town (noun) ________________________
warm (adj.) ________________________
wet (adj.) ________________________
young (adj.) ________________________
Sport
athlete (noun) ________________________
attempt (noun) ________________________
best (adj.) ________________________
break a record
(verb phrase) ________________________
fail (verb) ________________________
fan (noun) ________________________
feat (noun) ________________________
goggles (noun) ________________________
popular (adj.) ________________________
superhuman (adj.) ________________________
tennis player
(noun phrase) ________________________
trophy (noun) ________________________
worst (adj.) ________________________
wrestler (noun) ________________________
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 Unit 4
Grammar reference
Defining people with who
A teacher is a person who works with children.
Doctors and nurses are people who work very hard.
What do you call a person who does dangerous things for films?
A stuntman or a stuntwoman.
Obigation: have to and don’t have to

Affirmative Negative
I have to work. I don’t have to work.
You have to work. You don’t have to work.
He has to work. He doesn’t have to work.
She has to work. She doesn’t have to work.
It has to work. It doesn’t have to work.
We have to work. We don’t have to work.
You have to work. You don’t have to work.
They have to work. They don’t have to work.

Interrogative Short answers

Do I have to work? Yes, I do. / No, I don’t.
Do you have to work? Yes, you do. / No, you don’t.
Does he have to work? Yes, he does. / No, he doesn’t.
Does she have to work? Yes, she does. / No, she doesn’t.
Does it have to work? Yes, it does. / No, it doesn’t.
Do we have to work? Yes, we do. / No, we don’t.
Do you have to work? Yes, you do. / No, you don’t.
Do they have to work? Yes, they do. / No, they don’t.
Do you have to wear a uniform? You have to be strong for this job.
No, I don't have to wear a uniform but I She doesn't have to use a computer.
have to get up early! We don't have to work on Saturdays.
every / some / any / no: -body, -where, -thing

People Places Things

everybody everywhere everything
somebody somewhere something
anybody anywhere anything
nobody nowhere nothing
• Every- is similar in meaning to all but is singular.
Everybody's here.
= We’re all here.
I've looked everywhere.
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 Unit 4
Grammar reference
• Some- is for indefinite pronouns.
Something's wrong.
= But I don’t know what.
We're going to go somewhere different this weekend.
= I don’t know where, or I’m not telling you where.
• No- is for zero quantities.
There's nobody home.
= There are zero people at home.
Nothing's wrong.
= There’s no problem.
• Any- is for zero quantities that already contain a negative. Not any- is the same as no-.
There isn't anything wrong.
= There is nothing wrong.
I didn't tell anybody.
= I told nobody.
• Any- is also used in questions.
Is there anywhere special you'd like to go?
Do I have to bring anything?
Polite requests: could and would like
Requests with could Replies
Could I have a burger, please? Of course you can.
Sure. Which burger would you like?
Could we have two of those red T-shirts, Sorry, we don’t have any red T-shirts left.
please?
would like – requests Replies
I/we’d like a family pizza, please. Here you go!
I’m sorry, we don’t have any pizza left.
would like – offers Replies
Would you like a sandwich? Yes, please!
I’d love one!
No, thanks.
would like – other questions Replies
What would you like to drink with that? I’d like an orange juice, please.
How would you like your milkshake? With ice cream please.
Where would you like to go next? I’d like to go to the cinema.

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 Unit 4
Grammar practice
1 Complete the sentences about the 3 Complete the questions and answer
jobs. Use who and the words below. them for you.
do magic tricks extinguish fires 1 Tell me interesting you
look after animals fly a plane did yesterday.
travel to space work in a school
1. A pilot is a person who 2 Do you know famous?

2. A teacher 3 If you went overseas

on your last holiday, where did you go?
3. A firefighter
4 Is in your class at
4. A magician school today, or is
absent?
5. An astronaut
5 Did you buy at the
6. A zookeeper weekend?

2 Write sentences with have to or not 4 Complete the sentences with could or
have to. would.
1. A football player has to . 1.  you like a
be fit. lemonade?
2.To play water polo, you 2.  I have an ice cream,
wear a helmet. please?
3. People in the library 3. I like one ticket to
pay for the books. the cinema, please.
4. When we travel overseas, we 4. What she like to do?
take some ID. 5.  they like a hotdog or
5. I’m a farmer. I a burger?
wear a uniform. 6.  we rent a bike,
6. She’s a journalist. She please?
write well.

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Jobs
astronaut (noun) ________________________
bus driver (noun) ________________________
chef (noun) ________________________
earn (verb) ________________________
farmer (noun) ________________________
firefighter (noun) ________________________
journalist (noun) ________________________
magician (noun) ________________________
nurse (noun) ________________________
office (noun) ________________________
painter (noun) ________________________
park ranger (noun) ________________________
police officer
(noun) ________________________
reporter (noun) ________________________
sales assistant
(noun) ________________________
sculptor (noun) ________________________
stuntwoman
(noun) ________________________
toy designer
(noun phrase) ________________________
uniform (noun) ________________________
waitress (noun) ________________________
wear (verb) ________________________
work (verb) ________________________
zoo keeper
(noun phrase) ________________________
Materials and art
bark (noun) ________________________
bright (adj.) ________________________
glass (noun) ________________________
inspiration (noun) ________________________
light (adj.) ________________________
marble (noun) ________________________
plastic (noun) ________________________
750414 _ 0001-0048.indd 21
Unit 4
Wordlist
rubbish (noun) ________________________
sculpture (noun) ________________________
stone (noun) ________________________
wood (noun) ________________________
Work verbs
advise ________________________
arrest ________________________
buy ________________________
check ________________________
clean ________________________
cook ________________________
drive ________________________
earn ________________________
fill ________________________
give ________________________
help ________________________
interview ________________________
investigate ________________________
milk ________________________
pack ________________________
ride ________________________
search ________________________
sell ________________________
serve ________________________
take ________________________
write ________________________
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 Unit 5
Grammar reference
Future with will

Affirmative Negative
I’ll be cold. I won’t be cold.
You’ll be cold. You won’t be cold.
He’ll be cold. He won’t be cold.
She’ll be cold. She won’t be cold.
It’ll be cold. It won’t be cold.
We’ll be cold. We won’t be cold.
You’ll be cold. You won’t be cold.
They’ll be cold. They won’t be cold.

Interrogative Short answers

Will I be cold? Yes, I will. / No, I won’t.
Will you be cold? Yes, you will. / No, you won’t.
Will he be cold? Yes, he will. / No, he won’t.
Will she be cold? Yes, she will. / No, she won’t.
Will it be cold? Yes, it will. / No, it won’t.
Will we be cold? Yes, we will. / No, we won’t.
Will you be cold? Yes, you will. / No, you won’t.
Will they be cold? Yes, they will. / No, they won’t.
Will I be a stuntwoman?
No, you'll be an astronaut.
Will people live on Mars in 100 years?
No, they won't, but they'll go on holiday there.

Zero conditional
• We use zero conditional sentences to talk about the consequences of things.
If I'm tired, I go to bed.
If you're hungry, have a snack.
• The things we talk about can be things that happen generally.
If my dog's happy, he wags his tail.
If this light comes on, you need to charge the battery.
If I don't understand something, I ask my teacher.
• We also use the zero conditional to talk about things that may happen in the future.
If you come to visit, bring your swimming costume.
If you see my brother, tell him to call me.
If you have any questions, just ask.

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 Unit 5
Grammar reference
• Zero conditional sentences have two parts, a conditional clause and a main clause.

If I listen to music, I relax.

Conditional clause main clause

• The conditional part has if and the present simple. We use the present simple in the
conditional clause both for things that happen generally and for things that may happen in
the future.
If people eat too much, they get fat. (generally)
If you don't water plants, they die. (generally)
If you see Mum, give this to her. (future)
If it doesn't work the first time, try again (future)
• The main clause represents the consequence. If we are talking about things that happen
generally, we use the present simple in the main clause and we can use when instead of if.
If people eat too much, they get fat.
If you give my dog biscuits, she doesn't eat them.
If you press this button, what happens?
When I'm tired, I have a rest.
• If we are talking about things that may happen in the future, we use the imperative.
If you see Mum, give this to her.
If you come in winter, don't forget to bring a warm coat.
• For the future, when means that we know the thing will happen, while if means we aren’t
sure.
If you see my sister, ... (Maybe you will see her)
When you see my sister, ... (I know you will see her)
• We can also put the main clause first. If we do that, we generally don’t use a comma.
I relax if I listen to music.
My cat doesn't like it if a stranger feeds him.
Do you read if you're bored?

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 Unit 5
Grammar practice
1 Write the sentences with will. 3. You dehydrated if you
water. (get, not drink)
1. You / be / a teacher (+)
4. If you to relax,
. (want, not go out)
2. We / live on Mars (-)
5. If it hot, I
sun cream. (be, wear)
3. I / be an astronaut (?)
6.  the waiter now if you
onions. (tell, not want)
4. People / live on other planets (?)
4 Complete the sentences for you.
5. It / be sunny / this weekend (+) 1. When it rains, I
.
6. That horse / win (-) 2. If I’m bored, I
.

2 Answer the questions. Write short 3. If my friend is sad, I

answers. .
4. If I want to relax, I
1. When will you learn to drive?
.
5. When I have holidays, I
2. Will people live on other planets?
.

3. Will it rain this weekend?
4. Will you travel a lot?
5. Will there be flying cars in 200 years?
5 Read and tick (✓) or cross (✗)
the sentences. Rewrite incorrect
sentences.
1. I eat something if I’m hungry.
2. People will travelling in time.

3 Complete the sentences with the zero 3. We won’t to have to tidy up because
conditional.
we’ll have robots.
1. If I hungry, I
pizza. (be, eat)
4. Will there are cities on the moon?
2. If my room a mess, my
robot it up! (be, tidy)
5. If you travel, you learn a lot.

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Feelings
embarrassing (adj.)________________________
hungry (adj.) ________________________
thirsty (adj.) ________________________
tired (adj.) ________________________
The Planets (nouns)
Mercury ________________________
Venus ________________________
Earth ________________________
Mars ________________________
Jupiter ________________________
Saturn ________________________
Uranus ________________________
Neptune ________________________
Space
astronomer (noun) ________________________
breathe (verb) ________________________
bubble (noun) ________________________
comet (noun) ________________________
dome (noun) ________________________
dwarf planet
(noun phrase) ________________________
flight (noun) ________________________
galaxy (noun) ________________________
gas planet
(noun phrase) ________________________
land (noun) ________________________
launch (noun) ________________________
Milky Way (noun) ________________________
moon (noun) ________________________
night (noun) ________________________
orbit (verb) ________________________
ring (noun) ________________________
rocky planet
(noun phrase) ________________________
rotate (verb) ________________________
750414 _ 0001-0048.indd 25
Unit 5
Wordlist
science fiction
(noun phrase) ________________________
sky (noun) ________________________
space (noun) ________________________
sun (noun) ________________________
Other
battery (noun,
pl. batteries) ________________________
email (noun) ________________________
filming (noun) ________________________
footstep (noun) ________________________
go swimming
(verb phrase) ________________________
headphones
(noun) ________________________
lava (noun) ________________________
mess (noun) ________________________
pavement (noun) ________________________
peace (noun) ________________________
pet (noun) ________________________
publish (verb) ________________________
tidy up
(phrasal verb) ________________________
volcano (noun) ________________________
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16/12/15 15:26
 Unit 6
Grammar reference
Present perfect for experiences
Affirmative Negative
I’ve climbed a tree. I haven’t climbed a tree.
You’ve climbed a tree. You haven’t climbed a tree.
He’s climbed a tree. He hasn’t climbed a tree.
She’s climbed a tree. She hasn’t climbed a tree.
It’s climbed a tree. It hasn’t climbed a tree.
We’ve climbed a tree. We haven’t climbed a tree.
You’ve climbed a tree. You haven’t climbed a tree.
They’ve climbed a tree. They haven’t climbed a tree.

Interrogative Short answers

Have I (ever) climbed a tree?
Have you (ever) climbed a tree?
Has he (ever) climbed a tree?
Has she (ever) climbed a tree?
Has it (ever) climbed a tree?
Have we (ever) climbed a tree?
Have you (ever) climbed a tree?
Have they (ever) climbed a tree?
I've been to London.
Have you ever swum with dolphins?
Yes, I have. / No, I haven't.
Expressing similarities: too
Yes, I have. / No, I haven’t.
Yes, you have. / No, you haven’t.
Yes, he has. / No, he hasn’t.
Yes, she has. / No, she hasn’t.
Yes, it has. / No, it hasn’t.
Yes, we have. / No, we haven’t.
Yes, you have. / No, you haven’t.
Yes, they have. / No, they haven’t.

Me too. = I’m also Me too. = I was also

I’m excited! excited. I was sleeping. sleeping.
I’m not. I wasn’t.
Me too. = I also like Me too. = I’ve also
I like it. it. I’ve been to Paris. been to Paris.
I don’t. I haven’t.
Me too. = I’m also Me too. = I’ll also be
I’m swimming. swimming. I’ll be ten next year. ten next year.
I’m not. I won’t.
Me too. = I also Me too. = I can also
I went home early. went home early. I can ride a horse. ride a horse.
I didn’t. I can’t.

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 Unit 6
Grammar reference
Prepositions of place

behind in front of above next to

opposite between in the middle of

Prepositions of movement

towards away from into

out of over under

around past through

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 Unit 6
Grammar practice
1 Complete the sentences with the 3.
present perfect. 4.
5.
1.  you ever
6.
(climb) a mountain?
2. You (eat) crocodile 4 Choose the correct preposition.
meat. Is it nice?
around behind into opposite
3. I (not hold) a snake
through under
before.
4. She never 1. My bedroom is the
(go) to England. bathroom.
5. My parents (not fly) 2. Look! There’s a ghost
in a plane before, and they’re nervous. you! Only joking!
6.  it 3. The tour bus goes the
(rain) today? city.
4. Careful! Don’t fall the
2 Write the questions. Use the present lake.
perfect and ever.
5. My bag is the chair.
1. you / sing in public?
6. You need to walk the
tunnel.
2. you / watch a horror film?
5 Read and tick (✓) or cross (✗)
3. you / ride a horse? the sentences. Rewrite incorrect
sentences.

4. your best friend / swim in a lake? 1. A: I’ve been on TV! B: Me also!

5. your parents / go to a summer camp? 2. They have rode a bike.

6. your teacher / act in a play? 3. A: I ate pizza for dinner. B: Me too!

4. Did you ever run in a marathon?

3 Write short answers to the questions
in exercise 2.
5. There’s a lake in front the house.
1.
2.

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 Unit 6
Wordlist
Adventure sports scriptwriter (noun) ________________________
go bungee jumping set designer
(verb phrase) ________________________ (noun phrase) ________________________
go climbing Other
(verb phrase) ________________________ belt (noun) ________________________
go mountain biking blossom (noun) ________________________
(verb phrase) ________________________ cream (noun) ________________________
go sailing dream (noun) ________________________
(verb phrase) ________________________ flag (noun) ________________________
go skydiving harbour (noun) ________________________
(verb phrase) ________________________ heat (noun) ________________________
go whitewater rafting hit (verb) ________________________
(verb phrase) ________________________ hold (verb) ________________________
raft (noun) ________________________ Maori (noun, adj.) ________________________
Prepositions nickname (noun) ________________________
above ________________________ ribbon (noun) ________________________
around ________________________ ritual (noun) ________________________
away from ________________________ sleep (verb) ________________________
behind ________________________ tradition (noun) ________________________
between ________________________ whole (adj.) ________________________
in front of ________________________ yacht (noun) ________________________
in the middle of ________________________
into ________________________
opposite ________________________
over ________________________
through ________________________
towards ________________________
under ________________________
The theatre
act in a play
(verb phrase) ________________________
actor (noun) ________________________
costume designer
(noun phrase) ________________________
director (noun) ________________________
make-up artist
(noun phrase) ________________________

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 Unit 7
Grammar reference
Present perfect with non-specific times up to now
Questions
Have I ever been here?
Have you seen her before?
Has he read anything this week?
Has she had lunch today?
Has it rained this week?
Have we won this year?
Have you done your homework tonight?
Have they come this morning?
• We use both for and since to say how long
something has been happening. We use for
when we say a period of time.
I've known my best friend for 10 years.
They've worked together for six months.
• We use since to say the start of a period of
time.
They've lived here since she was a baby.
He hasn't spoken to them since May.
Past simple for specific times in the past
Affirmative
I walked in the park yesterday.
You played football this morning.
He went to the theatre last Friday.
She ran in the gym at lunchtime.
It snowed at the weekend.
We stayed in the library from 2 till 3.
You ate in the café on Saturday.
They watched the match last night.
Interrogative
Did I walk in the park yesterday?
Did you play football this morning?
Did he go to the theatre last Friday?
Did she run in the gym at lunchtime?
Did it snow at the weekend?
Did we stay in the library from 2 till 3?
Did you eat in the café on Saturday?
Did they watch the match last night?
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30
750414 _ 0001-0048.indd 30
Short answers
Yes, I have. / No, I haven’t.
Yes, you have. / No, you haven’t.
Yes, he has. / No, he hasn’t.
Yes, she has. / No, she hasn’t.
Yes, it has. / No, it hasn’t.
Yes, we have. / No, we haven’t.
Yes, you have. / No, you haven’t.
Yes, they have. / No, they haven’t.
• We use the present perfect + ever in
questions about life experiences.
Have you ever seen a ghost?
No, I haven't but I've stayed in a haunted
house!
Have you ever eaten sushi?
Yes, I have.
Negative
I didn’t walk in the park yesterday.
You didn’t play football this morning.
He didn’t go to the theatre last Friday.
She didn’t run in the gym at lunchtime.
It didn’t snow at the weekend.
We didn’t stay in the library from 2 till 3.
You didn’t eat in the café on Saturday.
They didn’t watch the match last night.
Short answers
Yes, I did. / No, I didn’t.
Yes, you did. / No, you didn’t.
Yes, he did. / No, he didn’t.
Yes, she did. / No, she didn’t.
Yes, it did. / No, it didn’t.
Yes, we did. / No, we didn’t.
Yes, you did. / No, you didn’t.
Yes, they did. / No, they didn’t.
16/12/15 15:26
 Unit 7
Grammar reference
I swam with dolphins last year. We went to the zoo!
We ate pizza last night. Did they play ice hockey?
What did you do yesterday? Yes, they did, but they didn't win.
Present and past abilities: can, can’t and could, couldn’t

Affirmative Negative
Present Past Present Past
I can run. I could run. I can’t run. I couldn’t run.
You can run. You could run. You can’t run. You couldn’t run.
He can run. He could run. He can’t run. He couldn’t run.
She can run. She could run. She can’t run. She couldn’t run.
It can run. It could run. It can’t run. It couldn’t run.
We can run. We could run. We can’t run. We couldn’t run.
You can run. You could run. You can’t run. You couldn’t run.
They can run. They could run. They can’t run. They couldn’t run.
Interrogative Short answers
Can I run? Could I run? Yes, I can. / No, I can’t. Yes, I could. /
No, I couldn’t.
Can you run? Could you run? Yes, you can. / No, you Yes, you could. / No, you
can’t. couldn’t.
Can he run? Could he run? Yes, he can. / No, he Yes, he could. / No, he
can’t. couldn’t.
Can she run? Could she run? Yes, she can. / No, she Yes, she could. / No, she
can’t. couldn’t.
Can it run? Could it run? Yes, it can. / No, it can’t. Yes, it could. / No, it
couldn’t.
Can we run? Could we run? Yes, we can. / No, we Yes, we could. / No, we
can’t. couldn’t.
Can you run? Could you run? Yes, you can. / No, you Yes, you could. / No, you
can’t. couldn’t.
Can they run? Could they run? Yes, they can. / No, they Yes, they could. / No,
can’t. they couldn’t

I couldn't ride a bike when I was five Could you understand anything?
but now I can. Yes, I could. / No, I couldn't.
Descriptions: made of
• We use made of + noun to describe the material used in making an object.
What it's made of?
It's made of wood.
The chairs are made of metal.

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 Unit 7
Grammar practice
1 Complete with the present perfect or 3 Write a sentence about you with can /
the past simple. can’t or could / couldn’t. Use the ideas
below.
1. I (have) my dog for five
years. use a computer read
play (an instrument) ride a bike
2. I (go) to the cinema
play (a sport) swim
yesterday.
3. It (not / be) hot last 1. When I was six I
year.
4. We (never / be) to 2. When I was two I
Canada.
5. They (not / eat) since 3. When my brother was eight, he
this morning.

2 Complete the short conversations in 4. My friend and I

the past simple.
5. My best friend
1 A: Have you ever been to Asia?
,
B: Yes, I have.
she’s very good!
A: Where
6. My parents
(go)?
2 A: Have you ever seen a ghost?
when they were children.
B: Yes, I have.
A: What 4 Correct the sentences.
(do)?
1. They have never saw snow.
3 A: Have you ever won a competition?
B: Yes, I have.
2. I’ve been here since 20 minutes.
A: What
(win)?
3. I didn’t can speak French before.
4 A: Have you ever met a famous person?
B: Yes, I have.
4. She’s played rugby for she was 12
A: Who
years old.
(meet)?

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 Unit 7
Wordlist
Materials Experience verbs
bamboo (noun) ________________________ act ________________________
cloth (noun) ________________________ drink ________________________
leather (noun) ________________________ win ________________________
metal (noun) ________________________ write ________________________
plastic (noun) ________________________
skin (noun) ________________________
Music
audition (noun) ________________________
bagpipes (noun) ________________________
brass (adj.) ________________________
competition
(noun) ________________________
contest (noun) ________________________
contestant (noun) ________________________
didgeridoo (noun) ________________________
flute (noun) ________________________
guitar (noun) ________________________
judge (noun) ________________________
musical saw
(noun phrase) ________________________
percussion (adj.) ________________________
piano (noun) ________________________
saxophone (noun) ________________________
show (noun) ________________________
stage (noun) ________________________
string (adj.) ________________________
talent (noun) ________________________
thumb piano
(noun phrase) ________________________
trumpet (noun) ________________________
violin (noun) ________________________
woodwind (adj.) ________________________

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 Unit 8
Grammar reference
Obligation: must and mustn’t

Affirmative Negative
I must stay inside. I mustn’t stay inside.
You must stay inside. You mustn’t stay inside.
He must stay inside. He mustn’t stay inside.
She must stay inside. She mustn’t stay inside.
It must stay inside. It mustn’t stay inside.
We must stay inside. We mustn’t stay inside.
You must stay inside. You mustn’t stay inside.
They must stay inside. They mustn’t stay inside.

Interrogative Short answers

Must I stay inside? Yes, I must. / No, I mustn’t.
Must you stay inside? Yes, you must. / No, you mustn’t.
Must he stay inside? Yes, he must. / No, he mustn’t.
Must she stay inside? Yes, she must. / No, she mustn’t.
Must it stay inside? Yes, it must. / No, it mustn’t.
Must we stay inside? Yes, we must. / No, we mustn’t.
Must you stay inside? Yes, you must. / No, you mustn’t.
Must they stay inside? Yes, they must. / No, they mustn’t.
You must do your homework.
They mustn't shout.
Must he wear a hat?
Yes, he must.
Must they leave now?
No, they mustn't.
Advice: should and shouldn’t

Affirmative Negative
I should drink water. I shouldn’t drink water.
You should drink water. You shouldn’t drink water.
He should drink water. He shouldn’t drink water.
She should drink water. She shouldn’t drink water.
It should drink water. It shouldn’t drink water.
We should drink water. We shouldn’t drink water.
You should drink water. You shouldn’t drink water.
They should drink water. They shouldn’t drink water.

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 Unit 8
Grammar reference
Interrogative Short answers
Should I drink water? Yes, I should. / No, I shouldn’t.
Should you drink water? Yes, you should. / No, you shouldn’t.
Should he drink water? Yes, he should. / No, he shouldn’t.
Should she drink water? Yes, she should. / No, she shouldn’t.
Should it drink water? Yes, it should. / No, it shouldn’t.
Should we drink water? Yes, we should. / No, we shouldn’t.
Should you drink water? Yes, you should. / No, you shouldn’t.
Should they drink water? Yes, they should. / No, they shouldn’t.
You shouldn't drink water from the river.
Should he wear a hat?
Yes, he should.
Should they open the windows?
No, they shouldn't.
Causes with because and consequences with so
• We use because to explain the causes of things.
Many animals come out at night because it's too hot in the day.
• We use so to explain the consequences of things.
Conditions in the desert are harsh, so animals have to adapt.

Suggestions: Let’s …, Why don’t we …?, I think we should …, and responses

That’s a good idea, Sounds good and I agree / I don’t agree.
Let's have a coffee.
That's a good idea.
Why don't we go for a walk?
Sounds good.
I think we should phone her now.
I agree. / I don't agree.

Predictions: will / won’t and might / might not

• We use will / won’t to make predictions about the future.
I'll see her this weekend. I won't go to the party.
• We use might / might not when we are less certain.
I might be a firefighter. I might not go for a run later.

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 Unit 8
Grammar practice
1 Write complete sentences with must 2. You should take insect repellent
or mustn’t and the verbs. there are a lot of
mosquitoes.
be use remember run wear
3. She felt nervous
1. You quiet in the she had an exam.
library. 4. The night gets very cold
2. She a helmet to go you should take warm clothes.
climbing
4 Read and match the phrases.
3. They around the
pool. 1. Let’s

4. We mobile phones 2. Why don’t we go

in class. 3. That’s a good

5. He to call his mum. 4. Why don’t we have a coffee?

5. I don’t think
2 Order the words. a. idea.
1. umbrella / ? / should / an / take / I b. we should take a torch.
c. on a jungle safari?
2. early / you / go / should / bed / to d. go to the cinema.
e. Sounds good.
3. in / shouldn’t / we / talk / library / the 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

4. water / they / drink / river / from / 5 Use will / won’t and might / might not
the / shouldn’t
to make predictions.
1. When I leave school
5. vaccinations / should / have / before /
leave / you / you 2. When I’m older

3. This weekend I
3 Complete the sentences with because
or so.
4. I don’t think
1. The film was boring
they left.

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The desert
adapt (verb) ________________________
cactus
(noun, pl. cacti) ________________________
harsh (adj.) ________________________
horned lizard
(noun phrase) ________________________
hummingbird
(noun) ________________________
jackrabbit (noun) ________________________
kangaroo (noun) ________________________
mule deer
(noun phrase) ________________________
protect (verb) ________________________
rattlesnake (noun) ________________________
respect (verb) ________________________
roadrunner (noun) ________________________
scorpion (noun) ________________________
Free time
pad (noun) ________________________
rail (noun) ________________________
ramp (noun) ________________________
rehearse (verb) ________________________
skateboard (noun) ________________________
Survival
boots (noun) ________________________
compass (noun) ________________________
fire (noun) ________________________
first-aid kit
(noun phrase) ________________________
fishing rod
(noun phrase) ________________________
go camping
(verb phrase) ________________________
hat (noun) ________________________
insect repellent
(noun phrase) ________________________
750414 _ 0001-0048.indd 37
Unit 8
Wordlist
lifebelt (noun) ________________________
map (noun) ________________________
matches (noun) ________________________
penknife (noun) ________________________
quicksand (noun) ________________________
radio (noun) ________________________
river (noun) ________________________
shirt (noun) ________________________
sink (verb) ________________________
thunderstorm
(noun) ________________________
torch (noun) ________________________
tornado (noun) ________________________
water bottle
(noun phrase) ________________________
whistle
(noun, verb) ________________________
Other
annoyed (adj.) ________________________
buzz (verb) ________________________
chance (noun) ________________________
high five
(noun phrase) ________________________
jump off
(phrasal verb) ________________________
lie (verb) ________________________
punch (verb) ________________________
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 Irregular verb list
Infinitive Past simple Past participle
be was / were been
beat beat beaten
become became become
begin began begun
bite bit bitten
break broke broken
bring brought brought
build built built
buy bought bought
can could ———
catch caught caught
choose chose chosen
come came come
cost cost cost
cut cut cut
do did done
draw drew drawn
dream dreamt / dreamed dreamt / dreamed
drink drank drunk
drive drove driven
eat ate eaten
fall fell fallen
feed fed fed
feel felt felt
fight fought fought
find found found
fly flew flown
forget forgot forgotten
freeze froze frozen
get got got
give gave given
go went gone
grow grew grown
have had had
hear heard heard
hide hid hidden
hit hit hit
hold held held
hurt hurt hurt
keep kept kept
know knew known

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 Irregular verb list
Infinitive Past simple Past participle
lay laid laid
learn learnt / learned learnt / learned
leave left left
let let let
lose lost lost
make made made
mean meant meant
meet met met
pay paid paid
put put put
read read read
ride rode ridden
ring rang rung
run ran run
say said said
see saw seen
sell sold sold
send sent sent
set set set
shoot shot shot
show showed shown
shut shut shut
sing sang sung
sink sank sunk
sit sat sat
sleep slept slept
smell smelt / smelled smelt / smelled
speak spoke spoken
spend spent spent
stand stood stood
steal stole stolen
swim swam swum
take took taken
teach taught taught
tell told told
think thought thought
understand understood understood
wake woke woken
wear wore worn
win won won
write wrote written

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 Trinity exam practice 1
Conversation

Exam tip! Answering questions fully

In the conversation phase of the exam, the examiner will ask you questions about two
of these subjects: Festivals, Transport, Special occasions, e.g. birthdays, Entertainment,
e.g. cinema, Music and Recent personal experiences. You must give complete answers.
When's your birthday?
My birthday is on the 4th of August. I'll be 10!

1 To which of the six subjects do these 2 Match the answers in exercise 1 to the
answers refer? questions.
1. For me the most special day of the year a. What’s your favourite special occasion?
is my birthday because I have a party
with my friends. b. What’s your favourite TV programme?
Subject:
c. Did you enjoy your last holiday?
2. The women wear beautiful dresses and d. How do you normally travel around
there’s lots of dancing. the city?
Subject: e. Tell me about a special festival in your
country.
3. I prefer to travel by bike when I go to f. What type of music do you like?
town.
Subject: 3 In pairs, ask and answer the
questions in exercise 2.

4. My favourite TV show is a game show

– I love word games.
Subject:

5. I prefer pop. I don’t like hard rock – it’s

too loud!
Subject:

6. Yes, it was great – we went to India. It

was the best holiday of my life!
Subject:

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 Trinity exam practice 1
Topic
Exam tip! Completing the topic form
In the topic phase of the exam, you will talk for approximately five minutes on a topic that
you choose and prepare. Pick something that you find interesting and not too difficult to
talk about. Fill out the form with your topic and the five main points you will talk about.

1 Look at the topic form notes and write the points 1-5 in the correct place.
1. Why it’s my favourite holiday 3. Basic facts
destination 4. My past experience
2. What I like to do there 5. Future plans

A
My favourite holiday destination is
B
in Italy.
I've been there three times.
Rome is one of the most popular
I've just come back from there.
places in Europe.
I was there for a week.
It has a lot of beautiful and
ancient buildings.

My favourite holiday
destination

C E
I love to go sightseeing. What I like about
I like seeing the fountains. Rome is ...
When I go there I always The best thing about
eat lots of ice cream. Italy is ...
I prefer Rome to
D London because ...
I want to go back
because ...
Next time I go I'll ...
I think I'll ...

2 Make topic form notes about your favourite holiday destination.

3 In pairs, tell each other about your favourite holiday destination.

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 Trinity exam practice 2
Conversation
Exam tip! Grammar range and giving reasons
In the exam, you need to demonstrate that you can use grammar structures like adjectives and
adverbials of quantity, e.g. a lot (of), not very much, many and expressions of preference, e.g.
I prefer, I’d rather. You also have to show you can give reasons for your opinion. If you prepare
possible questions for each topic, you can practise using appropriate grammar correctly and
then you will answer questions more fully and naturally in the exam.
Would you rather go to a food or a music festival? Why?
I'd prefer to go to a food festival because I love cooking and trying different food.

1 Match the vocabulary with the subject. Some words can go in more than one category.
fairs programme quicker concerts films bands presents
New Year's Day Easter on foot exams parties by bus
processions cinema singer shopping visit family
Subjects:
1. Festivals:
2. Transport:
3. Special occasions:
4. Entertainment:
5. Music:
6. Recent personal experience:

2 Use some of the language from the exam tip and exercise 1 to write answers to the
questions.
1. Which do you prefer, local festivals or 4. Would you rather watch a DVD at home
international festivals? or go to the cinema?

2. What is your preferred means of 5. Have you ever been to a concert?

transport?

6. How much money did you spend last

3. Tell me about your last birthday. weekend?

3 In pairs, ask and answer the questions in exercise 2.

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 Trinity exam practice 2
Topic
Exam tip! Answering questions
In the topic phase the examiner will ask you some questions about what you have prepared.
Select a topic that you are interested in and that you can answer questions about. Try to
think of questions the examiner might ask you. Remember not to learn your topic by heart.

1 The topic is Tennis. Read the questions 3.

below and match them to the correct
category.
1. Why have you chosen to talk about 4.

tennis?
2. How long have you played tennis?
3. Have you ever seen a live tennis 5.

match?
4. When was the last time you played?
5. How many times do you play in a 6.

month?
6. Do you prefer tennis to football?
7. Who is your favourite player? 7.

8. When is the next time you’ll play

tennis?
a. how much / how many 8.

b. the future
c. preferences
d. the past
3 Work in pairs. Take turns
e. giving reasons to be examiners and candidates.
Candidates think of your favourite
2 Think about Tennis as a topic. Answer sport. Examiners ask questions using
the questions in exercise 1. Remember the language in bold in exercise 1.
to give full answers.
Why have you chosen the
1.
topic of basketball?

Well, I chose basketball

2. because...

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 Trinity exam practice 3
Conversation
Exam tip! Will for predicting, going to for the future and vocabulary range
In the exam you will be asked questions about the future, so you need to demonstrate that
you can use will and going to correctly.
What will life be like in 200 years?
People will travel in flying cars.
What are your plans for this weekend?
On Saturday I'm going to go to the cinema and on Sunday I'm going to play football in
the park.
You must also use a good range of vocabulary. Revise the vocabulary you’ve studied for all
of the conversation subjects and practise using it.

1 Complete your predictions about 3 In pairs, ask and answer the

2200 with will / won’t.
questions. Use your Student’s book to
1. There be people on Mars. find useful language for your answers.
2. We have our holidays on Remember to use will for predictions
and going to for future plans.
other planets.
3. Everyone a personal 1. What are you going to do with your
robot. friends this weekend?
4. Cars be able to fly. 2. What job do you think you will do?
5. We eat food. 3. What are you going to do after this
6. Children go to school. class?
4. When are you next going to take the
2 Write sentences with going to. bus?
1. On my next holiday 5. Where will you live in the future? Will
you live in a house? Will you live in a
2. Tomorrow evening different country?

3. On Sunday

4. At Christmas

5. Next year

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 Trinity exam practice 3
Topic
Exam tip! Answering and asking questions
After you have spoken about your topic for approximately five minutes, you must ask the
examiner a question about your topic. Before the exam, think of possible questions.

1 Look at the points for the

3 Order the possible questions to the
examiner.
topic My favourite holiday destination.
In pairs, discuss what you could talk 1. your / holiday / where / destination / is
about for each point. favourite / ?
1.Why it’s my favourite holiday
destination. 2. like / you / to / go / do / where /
2. What I like to do there. holiday / on / ?
3. Basic facts.
4. My past experience.
3. long / for / how / did / go / you / ?
5. Future plans.

2 Match possible questions to the 4. there / weather / what’s / the / like / ?

examiner with the grammar:
1. How many countries have you visited? 5. was / last / when / your / holiday / ?
2. Where did you go last year?
3. Which do you prefer: activity or beach 6. visiting / you / recommend / what /
holidays? would / ?
4. Have you just arrived?
5. Do you think people will travel to the
4 Write two questions you could ask the
moon in the future? examiner about the topic My favourite
6. Are you going to go abroad this year? holiday destination.
7. I’d like to go to Japan because I’ve 1.
never been to Asia. Would you?
a. Going to for the future 2.
b. Will for predicting
c. Past simple with time expressions
d. Quantifiers e.g. a lot of 5 In pairs, ask and answer the
e. Expressing preferences questions in exercises 3 and 4.
f. Linking words e.g. because
g. Recent past events

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 Trinity exam practice 4
Conversation
Exam tip! Grammar range and contractions
The examiner will want to see you can use the following correctly: the present perfect with
for, since, ever, never and just, connecting clauses using because, the future using going
to and will, expressions of preference and adjectives and adverbials of quantity, e.g. a lot
of, not very much and many. The examiner will also listen for good pronunciation, so use
contractions to sound more natural!
I haven't swum with dolphins but I've ridden a camel!

1 Match the questions to the grammar 6. Recent personal experiences

points you should use.
1. Have you ever been abroad? 4 Order the questions.
2. What will life be like in 200 years’ time?
1. you / like / do / customs / traditional / ?
3. Do you have a lot of festivals in your
country?
2. there / are / of / lot / bikes / in / a /
4. What did you do last weekend?
city / your / ?
a. Adjectives and adverbials of quantity
b. Present perfect with ever 3. you / a / birthday / ever / have / had /
c. Past simple party / ?
d. Will
4. how / times / have / many / you /
2 In pairs, ask and answer the
been / the / theatre / to / ?
questions in exercise 1.

3 Write a question for each subject in 5. concert / you / ever / been / to / a /

the conversation part of the exam. have / ?

1. Festivals
6. you / done / have / anything / recently
/ interesting / ?
2. Transport

3. Special occasions 5 In pairs, ask and answer the

questions in exercises 3 and 4.
4. Entertainment

5. Music

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 Trinity exam practice 4
Topic
Exam tip! Tick (✓) or cross (✗) the tips:
• Memorise your topic. ✗
• Choose a serious topic even if you don’t like it.
• Fill out the form with the five main points you will discuss.
• Think about all the language you will need to talk about your topic.
• Prepare some useful expressions to show the examiner you have a good bank of
vocabulary and grammar.
• Be prepared to answer questions from the examiner about your topic and in the
conversation phase.
• Prepare at least one question to ask the examiner
• Give reasons for your answers.

1 Make notes to prepare your topic in the space below.

TOPIC: QUESTION TO THE EXAMINER:

POINT 1: POINT 2:
Ideas: Ideas:

Useful expressions: Useful expressions:

POINT 3: POINT 4: POINT 5:

Ideas: Ideas: Ideas:

Useful expressions: Useful expressions: Useful expressions:

2 Prepare your topic using your notes in exercise 1. Complete the sample
topic form on page 48.

3 In pairs, take turns to be examiners and students. Students give topic forms
to examiners. Examiners choose the points to talk about. Do NOT use your notes.

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 Trinity exam practice
Topic Form
Title of topic:

Main points to
discuss about
my topic

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