Historical, Philosophical and Legal Foundations of Education

Philippine Teachers Professionalization Act of 1994 (RA No. 7836)

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- Questions:
o What does it mean to have merit examination? What is its coverage?

Code of Ethics for Professional Teachers

Education-Related Laws in the Philippines

Act No. 74

- “An Act Establishing a Department of Public Instruction in the Philippine Islands and
Appropriating Forty Thousand Dollars for the Organization and Maintenance of a Normal and a
Trade School in Manila, and Fifteen Thousand Dollars for the Organization and Maintenance of
an Agricultural School in the Island of Negros for the Year Nineteen Hundred and One”
- Enacted: Jan 21, 1901

Act No. 2706

- “An Act Making the Inspection and Recognition of Private Schools and Colleges Obligatory for
the Secretary of Public Instruction, and for Other Purposes” or “Private School Law”
- Enacted: Mar 10, 1917

Act No. 2957

- “An Act Creating A Board to Have Charge of the Selection and Approval of the Textbooks to be
Used by the Colleges and Schools of the Government, and For Other Purposes.”
- Enacted: Feb 19, 1921

Commonwealth Act No. 1

- “An Act to Provide for the National Defense of the Philippines, Penalizing Certain Violations
Thereof, Appropriating Funds Therefor, and For Other Purposes” or “National Defense Act”
- Approved: Dec 21, 1935
- Amended by RA 9163

Commonwealth Act No. 80

- “An Act Creating the Office of Adult Education, Enumerating its Duties, Defining its Objectives,
and Providing Funds for its Operation”
- Approved: Oct 26, 1936

Commonwealth Act No. 578

 - “An Act to Amend Article One Hundred Fifty-Two of the Revised Penal Code, so as to Include
Teachers, Professors, and Persons Charged with the Supervision of Public or Duly Recognized
Private Schools, Colleges, and Universities, within the Term "Persons in Authority"”
- Enacted: Jun 8, 1940

Commonwealth Act No. 586 (Repealed by RA 896)

- “An Act to Provide for the Revision of the System of Public Elementary Education in the
Philippines Including the Financing Thereof”
- Approved: Aug 7, 1940

Commonwealth Act No. 589

- “An Act Establishing a School Ritual in All Public and Private Elementary and Secondary Schools”
- Approved: Aug 19, 1940

RA 139 (Repealed by RA 8047)

- “An Act to Amend Certain Sections of Act Numbered Twenty-Nine Hundred and Fifty-Seven,
Entitled "An Act Creating a Board To Have Charge of the Selection and Approval of the Textbooks
to be Used by the Colleges and Schools of the Government, and for Other Purposes," As
Amended by Act Numbered Thirty-One Hundred and Eighty-Five, Thirty-Four Hundred and Two,
and Thirty-Seven Hundred and Seventy-Two”
- Approved: Jun 14, 1947

RA 386

- “An Act to Ordain and Institute the Civil Code of the Philippines”
- Approved: Jun 18, 1949

RA 478

- “An Act to Establish, Organize and Maintain One National Agricultural School in the Province of
Iloilo and to Authorize the Appropriation of the Sum of One Hundred Thousand Pesos for the
Purpose.”
- Approved: Jun 10, 1950

RA 896

- “An Act to Declare the Policy on Elementary Education in the Philippines” or “Elementary
Education Act of 1953”
- Approved: Jun 20, 1953

RA 1079

- “An Act Providing that Civil Service Eligibility Shall be Permanent”

- Approved: Jun 15, 1954

RA 1124 (Repealed by RA 7722)

 - “An Act Creating a Board of National Education Charged with the Duty of Formulating General
Education Policies and Directing the Educational Interests of the Nation”
- Approved: Jun 16, 1954

RA 1265 (Amended by RA 8491)

- “An Act Making Flag Ceremony Compulsory in All Educational Institutions”

- Approved: Jun 11, 1955

RA 1425

- “An Act to Include in the Curricula of All Public and Private Schools, Colleges and Universities
courses on the Life Works and Writings of JOSE RIZAL, Particularly his Novels NOLI ME TANGERE
and EL FILIBUSTERISMO, Authorizing the Printing and Distribution Thereof, and for Other
Purposes” or “Rizal Law”
- Approved: Jun 12, 1956

RA 4670

- “Magna Carta for Public School Teachers”

- Approved: Jun 18, 1966

RA 5250

- “An Act Establishing a Ten-Year Training Program for Teachers of Special and Exceptional
Children in the Philippines and Authorizing the Appropriation Of Funds Therefor.”
- Approved: Jun 15, 1968

RA 5546

- “An Act to Further Amend Republic Act Numbered Four Thousand Two Hundred Six Entitled "An
Act Prohibiting the Collection of Contributions from School Children of Public Primary,
Intermediate and High Schools"”
- Approved: Jun 21, 1969

RA 6139 (Repealed by PD 451)

- “An Act to Regulate Tuition and Other School Fees of Private Educational Institution, Providing
for the Settlement of Controversies Thereon and for Other Purposes”
- Approved: Aug 31, 1970

PD 6-A

- “Authorizing the Undertaking of Educational Development Projects, Providing for the Mechanics
of Implementation and Financing Thereof, and for Other Purposes” or “Educational
Development Decree of 1972”
- Effectivity: Sep 29, 1972

PD 146
 - Upgrading the Quality of Education in the Philippines by Requiring All High School Graduates
Seeking Admission to Post-Secondary Degree Programs Necessitating a Minimum of Four Years'
Study to Pass a National Entrance Examination and Appropriating Funds Therefor
- Approved: Mar 9, 1973

PD 451

- “Authorizing the Secretary of Education and Culture to Regulate the Imposition of Tuition and
Other School Fees, Repealing Republic Act No. 6139, and for Other Purposes”
- Approved: May 11, 1974

PD 603

- “The Child and Youth Welfare Code”

- Approved: Dec 10, 1974

PD 1006

- Providing for the Professionalization of Teachers, Regulating their Practice in the Philippines and
for Other Purposes
- Signed: Sep 22, 1976
- Effectivity: Jan 1, 1977

PD 1139

- “Creating the Position of Undersecretary of Education and Culture for Non-Formal Education”
- Approved: May 13, 1977

Batas Pambansa Blg. 232

- “An Act Providing for the Establishment and Maintenance of an Integrated System of Education”
or “The Education Act of 1982”
- Approved: Sep 11, 1982

1987 Constitution, Article XIV Sections 1-5 – Education

RA 6655

- “Free Public Secondary Education Act of 1988”

- Approved: May 26, 1988

RA 6713

- “An Act Establishing a Code of Conduct and Ethical Standards for Public Officials and Employees,
To Uphold the Time-Honored Principle of Public Office Being a Public Trust, Granting Incentives
and Rewards for Exemplary Service, Enumerating Prohibited Acts and Transactions and
 Providing Penalties for Violations Thereof and for Other Purposes” or “Code of Conduct and
Ethical Standards for Public Officials and Employees.”
- Approved: Feb 20, 1989

RA 6728

- “An Act Providing Government Assistance to Students and Teachers in Private Education and
Appropriating Funds Therefor”
- Approved: Jun 10, 1989

RA 6972

- “AN ACT ESTABLISHING A DAY CARE CENTER IN EVERY BARANGAY, INSTITUTING THEREIN A
TOTAL DEVELOPMENT AND PROTECTION OF CHILDREN PROGRAM, APPROPRIATING FUNDS
THEREFORE, AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES”
- Nov 3, 1990

RA 7079

- “An Act Providing for the Development and Promotion of Campus Journalism and for Other
Purposes”
- Approved: Jul 5, 1991

RA 7160 sec. 98-101

- “The Local Government Code of 1991” - Local School Boards (Sec. 98-101)

RA 7168

- “An Act Converting the Philippine College Into a State University to be Known as the Philippine
Normal University”
- Approved: Dec 26, 1991

RA 7610

- “An Act Providing for Stronger Deterrence and Special Protection Against Child Abuse,
Exploitation and Discrimination, Providing Penalties for Its Violation, and for Other Purposes”
- Approved: Jun 17, 1992

RA 7686

- “An Act to Strengthen Manpower Education And Training In The Philippines By Institutionalizing
The Dual Training System As An Instructional Delivery System Of Technical And Vocational
Education And Training, Providing The Mechanism, Appropriating Funds Therefor And For Other
Purposes” or “Dual Training System Act of 1994”
- Approved: Feb 25, 1994

RA 7687

- “An Act Instituting a Science and Technology Scholarship Program and for Other Purposes”
- Approved: Mar 2, 1994
RA 7722

- “An Act Creating the Commission on Higher Education, Appropriating Funds Therefor and for
Other Purposes”
- Approved: May 18, 1994

RA 7731

- “An Act Abolishing the National College Entrance Examination (NCEE), Repealing For The
Purpose Presidential Decree Numbered One Hundred Forty-Six”
- Approved: Jun 2, 1994

RA 7743

- “An Act Providing for the Establishment of Congressional, City and Municipal Libraries and
Barangay Reading Centers throughout the Philippines, Appropriating the Necessary Funds
Therefor and for Other Purposes”
- Approved: Jun 17, 1994

RA 7784

- “An Act to Strengthen Teacher Education in the Philippines by Establishing Centers of

Excellence, Creating a Teacher Education Council for the Purpose, Appropriating Funds Therefor,
and for Other Purposes”
- Approved: Aug 4, 1994

RA 7784, IRR

RA 7796

- “An Act Creating the Technical Education and Skills Development Authority, Providing for its
Powers, Structure and for Other Purposes”
- Approved: Aug 25, 1994

RA 7798

- “An Act Amending Section 25 Of Batas Pambansa Blg. 232, Otherwise Known As The "Education
Act Of 1982"”
- Approved: Aug 25, 1994

RA 7836

- “An Act to Strengthen the Regulation and Supervision of the Practice of Teaching in the
Philippines and Prescribing a Licensure Examination for Teachers and for Other Purposes”
- Also known as “Philippine Teachers Professionalization Act of 1994”
- Approved: Dec 16, 1994

RA 7877

- “An Act Declaring Sexual Harassment Unlawful in the Employment, Education or Training
Environment, and for Other Purposes” or “Anti-Sexual Harassment Act of 1995”
 - Approved: Feb 14, 1995

RA 8047

- “An Act Providing for the Development of the Book Publishing Industry through the Formulation
and Implementation of a National Book Policy and a National Book Development Plan” or “Book
Publishing Industry Development Act”
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RA 8190

- “An Act Granting Priority to Residents of the Barangay, Municipality or City Where the School is
Located, in the Appointment or Assignment of Classroom Public School Teachers”
- Approved: Jun 11, 1996

RA 8190, IRR

RA 8545

- “An Act Amending Republic Act No. 6728, Otherwise Known as "An Act Providing Government
Assistance to Students and Teachers in Private Education and Appropriating Funds Therefor,"
Establishing a Fund for the Purpose of Subsidizing Salaries of Private School Teachers, and
Appropriating Funds Therefor”
- Approved: Feb 24, 1998

RA 8980

- “An Act Promulgating a Comprehensive Policy and a National System for Early Childhood Care
and Development (ECCD), Providing Funds Therefor and for Other Purposes” or “ECCD Act”
- Approved: Dec 5, 2000
- RA 8980, IRR

RA 9155

- “An Act Instituting a Framework of Governance for Basic Education, Establishing Authority and
Accountability, Renaming the Department of Education, Culture and Sports as the Department
of Education, and for Other Purpose”
- Approved: Aug 11, 2001

RA 9165

- “An Act Instituting the Comprehensive Dangerous Drugs Act of 2002, Repealing Republic Act No.
6425, Otherwise Known as The Dangerous Drugs Act of 1972, As Amended, Providing Funds
Therefor, and for Other Purposes” or “Comprehensive Dangerous Drugs Act of 2002”
- Approved: Jun 7, 2002

RA 9293

- “An Act Amending Certain Sections of Republic Act Numbered Seventy-Eight Hundred and
Thirty-Six (R A. No. 7836), Otherwise Known as the "Philippine Teachers Professionalization Act
of 1994"”
 - Apr 21, 2004

RA 9344

- “An Act Establishing a Comprehensive Juvenile Justice and Welfare System, Creating the Juvenile
Justice and Welfare Council under the Department of Justice, Appropriating Funds Therefor and
for Other Purposes” or “Juvenile Justice and Welfare Act of 2006”
- Approved: Apr 23, 2006

RA 9485

- “An Act to Improve Efficiency in the Delivery of Government Service to the Public by Reducing
Bureaucratic Red Tape, Preventing Graft and Corruption, and Providing Penalties Therefor” or
“Anti-Red Tape Act of 2007”
- Approved: Jun 2, 2007

RA 10157

- “An Act Institutionalizing the Kindergarten Education into the Basic Education System and
Appropriating Funds Therefor” or “Kindergarten Education Act”
- Approved: Jan 20, 2012

RA 10533

- “An Act Enhancing the Philippine Basic Education System by Strengthening Its Curriculum and
Increasing the Number of Years for Basic Education, Appropriating Funds Therefor and for Other
Purposes” or “Enhanced Basic Education Act of 2013”
- Approved: May 15, 2013

RA 10588

- “An Act Institutionalizing the Conduct of the Palarong Pambansa and Appropriating Funds
Therefor”
- Approved: May 27, 2013

RA 10612

- “An Act Expanding the Coverage of the Science and Technology (S&T) Scholarship Program and
Strengthening the Teaching of Science and Mathematics in Secondary Schools and for Other
Purposes” or “Fast-Tracked S&T Scholarship Act of 2013”
- Approved: Aug 23, 2013

RA 10618

- “An Act Establishing Rural Farm Schools as Alternative Delivery Mode of Secondary Education
and Appropriating Funds Therefor” or “Rural Farm Schools Act”
- Approved: Sep 3, 2013

RA 10627
 - “An Act Requiring All Elementary and Secondary Schools to Adopt Policies to Prevent and
Address the Acts of Bullying in their Institutions” or “Anti-Bullying Act of 2013”
- Approved: Sep 12, 2013

RA 10647

- Ladderized Education Act of 2014

- Nov 21 2014

RA 10648

- “An Act Providing Scholarship Grants to Top Graduates of All Public High Schools in State
Universities and Colleges and Appropriating Funds Therefor” or “Iksolar ng Bayan Act of 2014”
- Approved: Nov 27, 2014

RA 10912

- Continuing Professional Development Act of 2016

RA 10931

- “An Act Promoting Universal Access to Quality Tertiary Education by Providing For Free Tuition
and Other School Fees in State Universities and Colleges, Local Universities and Colleges And
State-Run Technical-Vocational Institutions, Establishing the Tertiary Education Subsidy and
Student Loan Program, Strengthening the Unified Student Financial Assistance System for
Tertiary Education, and Appropriating Fund Therefor” or “Universal Access to Quality Tertiary
Education Act”
- Approved: Aug 3, 2017

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