STATISTICAL ANALYSIS

In partial fulfilment of the requirements in

Psychological Statistics

ACOSTA, FERNANDO N. JR
ARELLANO, ERICA ANN C.
CAMARAO, CHRISTINE J.
CASAUAY, MICHAEL ANGELO L.
COMPAÑERO, CHRISTIAN T.
DUMAYAG, ROSLIE B.
MABBORANG, CHESLY KAYE B.
RIVERA, KHAEVIN MARK T.

CRIZALDY P. BINARAO

JUNE 2021
 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

This study aims to assess the parenting competence of parents from public and private
schools in Tuguegarao City for School Year 2018-2019. Specifically, it will seek to answer the
following questions:

1. What is the profile of the respondents when grouped according to:

a. Age
b. Sex
c. Civil Status
d. Religion
e. Monthly Gross Income
f. Educational Attainment
g. Occupation
2. What is the level of parental competency of parents respondents as measured by their:
a. Parenting Self-Efficacy
b. Parenting Satisfaction
c. General Parenting Competence
3. Is there a significant relationship between the profile variables and the parenting
competence of parents of both private and public schools?

HYPOTHESIS

This study will be guided by the following null hypothesis:

1. There is no significant difference between the level of parenting competence of parents of

both private and public schools.
2. There is no significant relationship between the profile variables and the parenting
competence of parents relative to the above.
 METHODOLOGY

A. Design

In determining the relationship that exists between the profile variables and the parenting
competence of participants of both private and public schools, the Chi-Square Test was carried
out using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) to investigate the relationship between
the variables.

RESULTS

A. Descriptive Statistics

Table 1 shows that from a total of 100 participants who took part of the study, majority of
them belong to the 36-40 age group (n=28) while only one participant have an age of above 60.
The table indicates that the participants are relatively young since most of them have an age of
equal to or less than 40 (n=67).

Table 1. Frequency distribution of participants based on their age

Class f % Cumulative %
21 – 25 3 3.0 3.0
26 – 30 15 15.0 18.0
31 – 35 21 21.0 39.0
36 – 40 28 28.0 67.0
41 – 45 17 17.0 84.0
46 – 50 11 11.0 95.0
51 – 55 3 3.0 98.0
56 – 60 1 1.0 99.0
61 – 65 1 1.0 100.0
Total 100 100.0

Table 2 shows that from a total of 100 participants, there were more female participants
(n = 86) than male participants (n = 14).

Table 2. Frequency distribution of participants based on their sex

 f % Cumulative %
Male 14 14.0 14.0
Female 86 86.0 100.0
Total 100 100.0

Table 3 shows that from a total of 100 participants, majority of them (n=84) were single
and a small fraction (n=15) were married while only one was a widow.
Table 3. Frequency distribution of participants based on their civil status
f % Cumulative %
Single 86 % 84 84.0 84.0
Married 15 15.0 99.0
Widow 1 1.0 100.0
Total 100 100.0

Table 4 shows that there were more catholic (n=84) participants than that of non-
Catholics (n=16).
Table 4. Frequency distribution of participants based on their religion

f % Cumulative %
Catholic 84 84.0 84.0
Non-Catholic 16 16.0 100.0
Total 100 100.0

Table 5 shows that among the 100 participants, most of them were college graduates
(n=60). It can also be seen that 23 of them were college undergraduates, 12 were of high school
level while 5 have attained their master’s degree. This indicates that most of the participants are
highly educated.

Table 5. Frequency distribution of participants based on their educational attainment

f % Cumulative %
Masterals 5 5.0 5.0
College Graduate 60 60.0 65.0
 College Undergraduate 23 23.0 88.0
High School 12 12.0 100.0
Total 100 100.0

From a total of 100 participants, Table 6 shows that majority of the participants belong to
the poor (n=38) and lower middle class (n=30) while only a small fraction belong to the rich
(n=2).
The monthly income of the poor are below ₱10,957 while the low-income ranges from
₱10,957 to ₱21,914. The lower middle have a monthly income ranging from ₱21,914 to ₱43,828
while the middle class belong to the ₱43,828 to ₱76,669 range. The upper middle have a
monthly income ranging from ₱76,669 to ₱131,484 while the high-income class belong to the
₱131,484 to ₱219,140 range. Lastly, the rich have a monthly income of above ₱219,140.

Table 6. Frequency Distribution of Participants based on their Monthly Income

f % Cumulative %
Poor 38 38.0 38.0

Low-Income 17 17.0 55.0

Lower Middle 30 30.0 85.0

Middle 7 7.0 92.0

Upper Middle 4 4.0 96.0

High-Income 2 2.0 98.0

Rich 2 2.0 100.0

Total 100 100.0

From a total of 100 participants, Table 7 shows that 15 work in the government while 9
were private employees. A total of 13 participants works in the business, 4 were overseas works
while 5 were either farmers or drivers. It is also interesting that since majority of the participants
were females, most of them were also housewives (n=32). The rest were professions not included
in the list (n=22).

Table 7. Frequency Distribution of Participants based on their Occupation

 f % Cumulative %
Government Employee 15 15.0 15.0
Private Employee 9 9.0 24.0
Business Manager 13 13.0 37.0
OFW 4 4.0 41.0
Driver/Farmer 5 5.0 46.0
Housewife 32 32.0 78.0
Others 22 22.0 100.0
Total 100 100.0

Level of Parental Competency of Parents

Table 2. Frequency and Percentage of Parents Level of Parental Competence

Category Frequency Percent

Very Low 1 1.0
Low 0 0.0
2.1 Parenting Moderate 11 11.0
Self- Efficacy High 58 58.0
Very High 30 30.0
Total 100 100.0
Very Low 3 3.0
Low 12 12.0
2.2 Parenting Moderate 50 50.0
Satisfaction High 33 33.0
Very High 2 2.0
Total 100 100.0
Very Low 0 0.0
2.3 Parents Low 1 1.0
General Moderate 48 48.0
Competence High 48 48.0
Very High 3 3.0
Total 100 100.0

Table 2 shows that parents have a high level of self-efficacy of (58%), and a moderate
level of satisfaction of (50%). The table also implies that parent’s general competence lies
between moderate and high level with a (48%).
Table 3: Chi Square for the Difference between the Parenting Competence of Parents from
private and public schools.
 Value df Asymptomat
ic Sig. (2-
sided_
Pearson Chi- 34.067 a 33 .416
Square
Likelihood Ratio 44.469 33 .088
N of Valid Cases 100

Table 3 results
shows that the Pearson chi-square value is 34.067 and the p-value = 0.416. The likelihood value
is 44.469 and the p-value = 0. The p-value is larger than the significance level of 0.05. Then, we
can conclude that the difference between the parenting competence of parents of both private and
public schools is not significant.

Table 4: Chi Square for the Relationship between the profile variables and parental
competency of parents from public and private schools.

Variable df p-value Decision

Age 24 0.000 Reject Null
Hypothesis
Sex 3 0.095 Accept Null
Hypothesis
Civil Status 6 0.190 Accept Null
Hypothesis
Religion 3 0.020 Reject Null
Hypothesis
Monthly Gross 12 0.984 Accept Null
Income Hypothesis
Educational 9 0.066 Accept Null
Attainment Hypothesis Table 4
shows Occupation 18 0.78 Accept Null that
5 Hypothesis
Type of School 3 0.47 Accept Null
4 Hypothesis
respondent’s sex, civil status, monthly gross income, educational attainment, occupation, and
type of school do not have a significant relationship with the parenting competence of parents
from public and private schools. As an addition, the respondents’ age and religion have a
significant relationship with the parenting competence of parent from public and private schools.