MASTICATORY

MUSCLES

Dr. Ramadan El Gharbawy

Professor of Anatomy & Embryology,
Beirut Arab University, Lebanon,
Consultant of General Surgery, Egypt,
Scholar at Emory, USA
 OVERVIEW AND OBJECTIVES
Masticatory muscles Objectives
1. Temporalis 1. To describe the origin,
2. Masseter insertion, nerve supply
3. Lateral pterygoid and action of each
4. Medial pterygoid masticatory muscle.
• Origin
– Zygomatic arch
• Insertion MASSETER MUSCLE
– Outer surface of
mandibular ramus
 Superficial fibers (part)
run obliquely
downward and
posteriorly; deep
fibers (part) vertically
• Nerve supply
– Branch from the Temporalis
anterior division of muscle
mandibular nerve
 The nerve enters the
deep surface of muscle
through the
mandibular notch Zygomatic
arch
• Action
– Elevation of mandible Masseter
– Protraction of muscle
mandible
MASSETER- parts

• MASSETER-
neurovascular
bundle
 TEMPORAL AND
INFRATEMPORAL
FOSSAE
• Origin
– Temporal fossa
– Temporal fascia
TEMPORALIS MUSCLE
• Insertion
– Coronoid process of
mandible and anterior
border of ramus
• Nerve supply
– Anterior and posterior Temporalis
deep temporal
branches of the
anterior division of
mandibular nerve
that enter its deep
surface
• Action Coronoid
– Elevation of mandible process of
mandible
– Retraction of
protruded mandible
 It is felt bony hard

ONE
SALIENT
FEATURE
OF
TEMPORAL
FASCIA
 NEURO-
VASCULAR
BUNDLE OF
TEMPORALIS
• Origin LATERAL PTERYGOID
– Upper head arises from
the infratemporal surface
& infratemporal crest of
MUSCLE
greater wing of sphenoid Upper head of Lower head of
lateral pterygoid Lateral pterygoid
– Lower head arises from
the lateral surface of
lateral pterygoid plate
• Insertion
– Pterygoid fovea
– Capsule & disc of
tempromandibular joint
• Nerve supply
– Anterior division of the Disc of
mandibular nerve TMJ
• Action Pterygoid
– Protraction & depression fovea
of mandible to open the Lateral
mouth pterygoid
– Side-to-side movement of plate
the mandible (chewing
movement)
• Origin MEDIAL PTERYGOID
– Superficial head arises
from the tuberosity of
maxilla
MUSCLE
Lateral
– Deep head arises from the pterygoid
medial surface of lateral plate
pterygoid plate
• Insertion
– Into the rough area on the
inner surface of
mandibular ramus from
madibular foramen to
madibular angle
• Nerve supply
– Nerve to medial pterygoid
from the trunk of
mandibular nerve
• Action Mandibular
– Protraction & elevation of angle
mandible
Superficial head of Deep head of
– Side-to-side movement of medial pterygoid medial pterygoid
the mandible (chewing
movement)
PTERYGOID
MUSCLES
 ANTERIOR DIVISION OF MANDIBULAR NERVE
• Supplies masseter, temporalis, and lateral pterygoid muscles.
• Gives one sensory branch; buccal nerve.
 POSTERIOR DIVISION OF MANDIBULAR NERVE
• Gives three branches: auriculotemporal, inferior alveolar and
lingual.
TENSOR VELI PALATINI AND SPHENOMANDIBULAR LIGAMENT
LATERAL & MEDIAL PTERYGOID MUSCLES

Lateral
Pterygoid
plate
Lateral
pterygoid
Mandibular nerve Deep head
of medial
pterygoid

Mandibular
angle

Posterior view
THANK YOU