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Stokes Theorem
Stokes Theorem
PHYSICAL SCIENCES
SMA 2220: CALCULUS IV BY DR.KANYI
STOKES THEOREM
It state that if S is an open two sided surface bounded by
closed simple curve, if F has continuous partial
derivatives then
^ ^
F dr CurlF n ds F n ds
EXAMPLE
Verify Stoke’s theorem for the vector field
F 2 x y i yz 2 j y 2 zk
over the upper half surface of
L.H.S
dr
F
dr idx jdy
F dr 2 cost sin t i idx jdy
F dr 2 cos t sin t dx
F dr 2 cost sin t sin tdt
dr (2 cost sin sin t )dt
2
F
2
1 cos 2t
F dr 0 2 2 sin 2t )dt
2
1 sin 2t cos 2t
F dr 2 t 4 2 0
1 1
F dr 2 2 0 2 0 0 2
1
R.H.S
^
F n ds
i j k
F
x y z
F1 F2 F3
i j k
F
x y z
2x y 0 0
F i y z j x z k x y
0 0 2x y 0 2x y 0
F i0 0 j 0 0 k 0 1 k
^ ^
F n ds k n ds dxdy
Which is area of a
circle center 0,0 radius 1 .
area r 2 12
z x 2 y 2 16
G 2x i 2 y j xi y j
n
G 2x
2
2y
2 4
xi y j xz xy
A n z i x j 3y2z k
4
4
G 4
dS dA dA
G j y
xz xy 4
A.n ds
S
4
dA
y
4 5
xz
x 0 z 0 16 x 2
x dzdx
5
z 0
4 z 8 90
EXERCISE
a) Use Stokes’ theorem to evaluate Fˆ drˆ , given
C
F x 2 y i 3z j x k
and S is the surface of the sphere
2 x y 2 z 6 bounded by x 0, x 1 , y 0, y 2
DIVERGENCE THEOREM
It state that if V is the volume bounded by a surface S and
F is continuously differentiable function then
^
divF dv F n ds
or
^
divFdxdydz F n ds
EXAMPLE
Verify the divergence theorem for A 2 x z i x j xz 2 2
k
divAdV A n ds
G 0, 0,1 F
D EE
C 0,1, 0
A 1, 0, 0 B
A n dS
S OABC
DEFG
ABED
OCFG
OADG
BCFE
OABC
A n dS xz
2
dydx 0 dydx 0 n k and z 0
S
DEFG
A n dS xz dydx x dydx n k and z 1
2
S
1 1
x dxdy
0 0
1
1
1
x 2 dy
0
2 0
1
1 1
dy
0
2 2
ABED
A n dS 2 x z dydx 2 z dydz
S
n i and x 1
1 1
2 z dzdy
0 0
1
1
1
2 z z 2 dy
0
2 0
1
3 3
dy
0
2 2
OCFG
A n dS z 2 x dydx z dydz
S
n i and x 0
1 1
z dzdy
0 0
1
1
1
z 2 dy
0
2 0
1
1 1
dy
0
2 2
OADG
A n dS x dzdydx x 2 dxdz nj
2
S
1 1
x 2 dxdz
0 0
1
1
1
x 3 dz
0
3 0
1
1 1
dy
0
3 3
BCFE
A n dS x dzdydx x n j
2 2
dxdz
S
1 1
x
2
dxdz
0 0
1
1
1
x 3 dy
0
3 0
1
1 1
3 dy 3
0
A 2x z i x 2 j xz 2 k
divergence theorem
2 2 xz dxdydz
0 0 0
1 1
2x x
2
z dydz
0 0
1 1
2 z dydz
0 0
1 1
2 y
0
yz dz 2 z dz
0
1 2 5
2z z
2 2
1 3 1 1 1 5
A n dS
S
0
2
2
2
3 3
2
Example
^
divFdv F n ds
4 z y dzdydx
0 0 0
2 z
1 1
2
yz dydx
0 0 0
1 1
2
0 0
y dydx
1
1
y2
0 2 y dx
2 0
1
1 1
1.5 x 10 1 .5
EXERCISE
^
Verify divergence theorem to evaluate n ds
F
where
F 4zxi y j yzk
2
and S is the surface bounded by
x 0, x 1, y 0, y 1, z 0, z 1
.
SOLUTION
By divergence theorem
^
divFdv F n ds
Z
O C
A B
f x, y f a, b
1
1!
x a f x y b f y 1 x a 2 f xx 2x a y b f xy y b2 f yy
2!
1
3!
x a 3 f xxx 3x a 2 y b f xxy 3x a y b2 f xyy y b3 f yyy ...
a0 b0
When and we get Maclaurins theorem of
fuction of two variables
f x, y f 0,0
1
1!
x f x 0,0 y f y 0,0
1
2!
x 2 f xx 0,0 2x y f xy 0,0 y 2 f yy 0,0
1
3!
x 3 f xxx 0,0 3x 2 y f xxy 0,0 3x y 2 f xyy 0,0 y 3 f yyy 0,0 ...
EXAMPLE
Expand e sin y using Maclaurins theorem up to
x
3 degree term
rd
SOLUTION
f x, y f 0,0
1
1!
x f x 0,0 y f y 0,0
1
2!
x 2 f xx 0,0 2x y f xy 0,0 y 2 f yy 0,0
3!
x f xxx 0,0 3x y f xxy 0,0 3x y f xyy 0,0 y f yyy 0,0 ...
1 3 2 2 3