GENETICA GENERAL

INTEC

Workshop No 4

CD: Carlos Vergara C. Esp. MSc PhD (c)

Lirianny Pacheco 1099321

1- Define:

-Coupling phase: La condición de tener los alelos dominantes para ambos genes en el mismo
cromosoma parental con ambos recesivos en el otro cromosoma parental

-Repulsion phase: Tener un dominante y uno recesivo en cada cromosoma parental

-Coefficient of coincidence: Es el cociente de la frecuencia observada de doble

cruces a la frecuencia esperada usada para medir el alcance de la interferencia

2- For each of the following definitions, give the appropriate term and spell it correctly.
Terms are single words unless indicated otherwise.

a- A cross-shaped cytological structure that is observed in paired homologous chromosomes

during first meiotic prophase, and that is formed by the reciprocal breaking and rejoining of
non sister chromatids. Quiasmas

b- The genetic event that recombines linked genes. (Two words.) Recombinación genética

c- The linkage arrangement in a dihybrid in which the 2 dominant genes are on one chromosome
and their corresponding recessive alleles are on the homologous chromosome. (Two words.)
Cis-arrangement

d- The linkage arrangement in a dihybrid in which, on each chromosome of a homologous pair,

there is one dominant and one recessive gene. (Two words.) Trans-arrangement

e- A unit of map distance equivalent to 1% crossing over. CentiMorgan

f- The ratio of the double-crossover progeny observed in a three-point testcross relative to the
double-crossover progeny expected on the basis of treating map units as if they were
independent variables. (One to three words.) Coeficiente de coincidencia

g- The complement of the coefficient of coincidence. Interferencia

h- A genetic system that can maintain dihybrid genotypes in repulsion phase generation after
generation. (Two words.) Letales balanceados

3- The map distances for six genes in the second linkage group of the silkworm
Bombyx mori are shown in the table below. Construct a genetic map that includes
all of these genes.

Rc  5 oa 1 Y 19 Gr 1 S 6 P

4- In mice, the autosomal recessive mutation "whirler" (wi) of linkage group VIII, causes
abnormal behavior, with body twists and head shocks. This mutation, appeared in a
strain with multiple markers, obtaining, among other strains, whirler (wiwi) and whirler
brown (wiwi, bb). To place this mutation, a normal strain was used for whirler and
brown loci and homozygous for the dominant mutation Pintail (Pt), located in the same
linkage group. Pt and wiwi, bb strains were crossed and then the F1 was crossed again
with the strain wiwi, bb, obtaining the following results:

Pt wi b 16 Pt wi + 14 Pt + + 362 Pt + b 1
+++ 6 ++b 27 + wi b 302 + wi + 0

a) Explain the crosses

Fenotipo Números Total y porcentajes Clasificación

s
Pt + + 362 664 No
+ wi b 302 91.20% Recombinante
Pt wi b 16 22 Recombinación
+++ 6 3.02% Simple
Pt wi + 14 41 Recombinación
++b 27 5.63% Simple
Pt + b 1 1 Doble
+ wi + 0 0.13% Recombinación

b) Name the central gene

 Ordenes de genes Gametos de doble cruce
I Pt + + Pt wi + Incorrecto
+ wi b ++b
II + pt + wi pt b Incorrecto
wi + b +++
III Pt + + wi b + Correcto
+ b wi + + wi

El gen central es el b

c) Distances among the three genes

Pt – b = 0.22 + 0.01 = 0.23
wi – b = 0.41 + 0.01 = 0.42

 0.42   0.23 

b wi pt

5- A heterozygous female for three autosomal loci was crossed with a homozygous recessive
male obtaining the following results:

abd 42 aBD 46
abD 6 AbD 5
aBd 4 ABd 4
Abd 44 ABD 39

Which genes are linked?

AB = 4+39 = 43
ab = 42+6 = 48
Ab = 44+5 = 49
aB = 4+46 = 50

AB + ab = 43+48 = 91
Ab + aB = 49+50 = 99

Los valores dan similares porque están en cromosomas distintos. Eso significa que A y B no estan
ligados y que se heredan independientes

BD = 46+39 = 85
bd = 42+44 = 86
bD = 6+5 = 11
Bd = 4+4 = 8

BD + bd = 85+86 = 171
bD + Bd = 11+8 = 19
Los genes B y D están ligados porque los valores son diferentes lo que significa que se heredan de
manera dependientes y están cercanos.

What is the distance between those linked genes?

bD + Bd = 19 ÷ 190 = 0.1  100 = 10

6- The distances between 8 loci in the second chromosome Drosophila are presented in the
following table. Construct a genetic map to include these eight loci. The table is
symmetrical above and below the diagonal.

J  10  d  14.5  cl 3.5 dp 1 fi 1 t’d 7 ho 4net

7- Why the maximum distance between two linked genes can not be greater than 50 cM?
Porque de cuatro cromátides solo recombinan dos. Como las cuatro cromátides es el 100%, al
recombinar dos es el 50%. Esto es porque solo se recombinan las cromátides que están
físicamente más cercanos

The following information applies to questions 8 and 9. A trihybrid testcross (order of loci
unknown) produced 35 AbC/abc, 37 aBc/abc, 8 ABc/abc, 10 abC/abc, 3 ABC/abc, 5 abc/abc, 1
Abc/abc, 1 aBC/abc.
Fenotipos Números Total y porcentaje Clasificación
AbC 35 72 No
aBc 37 0.72% Recombinante
ABc 8 18 Recombinación
AbC 10 0.18% Simple
ABC 3 8 Recombinación
abc 5 0.08% Simple
Abc 1 2 Doble
aBC 1 0.02% Recombinación

8- The gene order (a) is CBA (b) is BAC (c) is BCA (d) cannot be determined from the
information provided (e) is none of the above.
El orden de genes es (c) BCA.
Ordenes de genes Gametos de doble cruce
I AbC abc Incorrecto
aBc ABC
II bAC BAc Incorrecto
Bac baC
III BCA BcA Correcto
bca BCa

9- The distance (in map units) between the A and C loci is estimated to be (a) 30 (b) 25 (c) 20
(d) 15 (e) none of the above
La distancia entre A y C es (c) 20:
18 + 2 = 20

10. How does a genetic map differ from a physical map?

Los mapas genéticos se calculan utilizando el fenómeno genético de la recombinación
mientras que los mapas físicos utilizan las distancias físicas a lo largo del cromosoma

Write the genotypes of all recombinant and nonrecombinant progeny expected from
the following three-point cross:

Genotipos Clasificación
m+ p+ s+ No recombinante
mps
m+ p s Recombinación simple
m p+ s+
m+ p+ s Recombinación simple
m p s+
m+ p s+ Doble recombinación
m p+ s
11. A three-point test cross is carried out between three linked genes. The resulting
nonrecombinant progeny are s+ r+ c+ and s r c and the double-crossover
progeny are s r c + and s+ r+ c. Which is the middle locus?
El gen del medio es la c
Ordenes de genes Gametos de doble cruce
I s r c s+ r c+ Incorrecto
 s+ r+ c+ s r+ c
II r s c r+ s c+ Incorrecto
r+ s+ c+ r s+ c
II s c r s+ c r+ Correcto
I s+ c+ r+ s c+ r