We can't do any

of the following
with an idiom

Misleading
Change the order of the words in it
The interpretation
An idiom in the SL may have a very
close counterpart in the TL
Delete a word from it

Strategies Add a word from it

Replace a word with another

Using an idiom of similar meaning and form
Idioms Change its grammatical structure
Using an idiom of similar meaning but dissimilar
in form
An idiom or fixed expression May have
Borrowing the source language idiom no equivalent in the target language

translation by paraphrase An idiom or fixed expression may have a

similar counterpart in the
Translation by omission of a play on idiom Difficulties
TL but its context of use may be different

An idiom may be used in the source text in

both
literal and idiomatic senses at the same time
 3- nominalization Ch4 1- voice change
4- extraposition STR for minimizing 2- change of verb
linear dislocation

Countability in Arabic is much

1- Number more valuable than English
4- voice
English has gender but it's
English is more valuable Grammatical equivalence 2- Gender limited
concerning tense and aspects 5- Tense and aspect
3-person
 Textual equivalence: cohesion

Ellipsis Substitution Reference Conjunction Lexical cohesion

An item replaces by nothing An item replaced by another item What a word reference to. Punctuation marks are also Refers to the role played of
devises of cohesion selection of vocabulary in
organizing relations within a text