PHILIPPINE NORMAL UNIVERSITY

THE NATIONAL CENTER FOR TEACHER

EDUCATION MINDANAO
THE MULTICULTURAL EDUCATION HUB
PROSPERIDAD, AGUSAN DEL SUR

A DETAILED LESSON PLAN IN GRADE 7 SCIENCE

Heat Transfer

I. Objectives
A. Content Standard: The learners demonstrate an understanding of
how heat is transferred.
B. Learning Competency: The learners should be able to infer the
conditions necessary for heat transfer to occur.
C. Learning Objectives: In this lesson, the students will:
a. explain the difference between conduction, convection, and
radiation;
b. create a graphic organizer on the conditions necessary for the
various methods of heat transfer to take place; and
c. value the importance of heat transfer in daily life.

II. Subject Matter

Topic: Heat Transfer
Materials: Laptop, Projector, Manila papers, Markers, Fact
sheets, coffee mug, water, metal spoon, plastic
spoon, clear glass electric kettle, large candles,
matches
References: Angeles, D. C., et. al. (2013). Science Vistas 7.
Salesiana Books by Don Bosco Press. Pp. 232-236
Science 7 Learner’s Module: Second Part, (2012). First
Edition, Department of Education, 65-76
 Siyavula. (n.d.). Heating as a Transfer of Energy.
Retrieved from https://intl.siyavula.com/read/ scienc
e/grade-7/heat-energy-transfer/13-heat-energy-
transfer
Strategy: Cooperative Learning, Experiential Learning
Approach: 4A’s

III. Procedures
A. Preparatory Activities
- Greetings
- Prayer
- Checking of Attendance
- Setting of Standards

B. Recall
Teacher’s Activity Student’s Activity
Who can still recall our previous
topic? Sir, our previous topic is all about
the Light.
Yes! Last meeting, we had our
discussion about Light, its nature
and characteristics.

Now, who can tell me what are the

properties of light?
Very Good! How about
characteristics of light?
According to the studies and
theories of remarkable physicists,
the light has a wave property and
also has a particle property.
the
The characteristics of light are
intensity and color. Intensity can be
associated with the strength of the
light while color is the variations of
light that we see depending on the
frequency or the wavelength of light.
Absolutely! Now, who can describe
the relationship between
wavelength and frequency in the
intensity characteristics of light?
Very Good! How about in the color
characteristics of light?
Exactly!
In the intensity characteristics of
light, the shorter the wavelength
and the higher the frequency, the
more energy the light has and the
more it is intense and bright.
The light with the lowest frequency
and longest wavelength appears to
be a red light while the highest
frequency and shortest wavelength
appears to be a violet light.

I am happy that you had learned a

lot from the topic we had discussed
last meeting.

C. Motivation
Teacher’s Activity Student’s Activity
Class, have you ever experienced
touching a hot object – like the rice
cooker? or even grabbed the
handle of a hot metal pan? Yes, teacher. There was a time that
I burnt myself with the hot metal
pan because I accidentally touched
it while I helped my mother cooking.
So, I quickly put away my hand
from it.
Well, thanks to our reflexes that (Students’ responses may vary)
prompt us to immediately respond
to
that heat. But the mark of the burn
stays there for days.

But I was wondering how the metal

pan became hot and why is that it
feel hot to you? What do you think?
It’s because the metal pan is placed
in the fire, and through that, the
metal pan gained heat from the fire
that when you touch it, you would
feel warm and even burn yourself
when it’s too hot to handle.
Very well said! That experience of
yours has explanation in scientific
lens with our topic for today – the
Heat Transfer.

D. Lesson Proper
Teacher’s Activity Student’s Activity
Today, we will found out how heat
transfers and know the conditions
necessary for the heat transfer to take
place.

Please read our objectives for today. At the end of the lesson, I can:
a. explain the difference
between conduction,
convection, and radiation;
b. create a graphic organizer
on the conditions
necessary for the various
methods of heat transfer to
take place; and
 c. value the importance of
ACTIVITY heat transfer in daily life.

As you can see, there are three

stations inside the classroom. With
that, the class will be divided into three
groups. All of the groups should go
explore and experience each station.

Each station requires good

cooperation among the members to
accomplish the tasks and challenges.

Each station should be accomplished

within 6 minutes.

Group 1 will start in Station 1, Group 2

in Station 2, and Group 3 in Station 3.
You will then move to the next station
assigned.

Follow the instructions in every station,

read the materials given, jot down
important information, perform the
tasks assigned, and answer the guide
questions.

Are you ready?

Yes, Teacher!
Go explore and experience!
 STATION 1: TOUCH ME HOT!

Materials:
Fact sheets on Conduction (see enclosed)
Coffee mug
Hot water (near boiling)
Metal spoon
Plastic spoon

General Directions: Read the article,

jot down important information,
perform the task, and answer the
guide questions.

Task Procedures:
1. Pour the hot water into the mug.
2. Place the metal spoon and
plastic spoon in the coffee mug
with the hot water at the same
time.
3. Wait for 2 minutes and touch the
spoons.
4. Record your observation
carefully.

Guide Questions:
1. Which spoon became warm after
two (2) minutes in the hot water
and why do you think it gained
more heat than the other spoon?
1. The metal spoon became
warm after two minutes in the
hot water. This is because the
metal spoon is a good conductor
of heat while the plastic spoon is
a/n insulator/poor conductor.
 2. What does this tell us about the 2. This implies that heat is
way in which the heat energy is transferred from the hotter region
transferred to the spoon? which is the hot water to the
colder region which is the metal
spoon.

3. How does heat travel from hot 3. The heat from the hot water
water to the spoon? travels through direct contact with
the metal spoon that makes the
(see attached article) metal spoon become warm/hot.

STATION 2: WARM UP, COOL

DOWN

Materials:
Fact sheets on Convection (see enclosed)
Clear Glass Electric Kettle
Water

General Directions: Read the article,

jot down important information,
perform the task, and answer the
guide questions.

Task Procedures:
1. Pour the water into the electric
kettle.
2. Plug in the kettle.
3. Observe the water being heated.

Guide Questions:
1. There were water bubbles
1. What did you observe as the
rising upwards through the
water started to warm up in the
water. As the water becomes
kettle that was heated?
warmer, the water bubbles went
faster and faster.
 2. Do you see a pattern in your 2. Yes. It seems like when the
observations? Explain the hot water particles rise up, the
pattern you observed. colder water particles go down
because it is denser. This
movement continues until the
water boils that makes the
pattern when water is heated
which is called the convection
current.
3. Why do you think the water 3. It is because when the water
particles move that way when it molecules is heated, it became
is heated? less dense, and thus go upward
through the water in the form of
(see attached article) water vapor in bubbles. When
the hotter water molecules went
up, the colder water molecules
go down because it is denser
than the hotter water molecules.

STATION 3: I FEEL HOT!

Materials:
Fact sheets on Radiation (see enclosed)
Large Candles
Matches

General Directions: Read the article,

jot down important information,
perform the task, and answer the
guide questions.

Task Procedures:
1. Light one candle using the match
2. Leave the other one not lighted
on the side.
3. Place one hand near the flame
of the candle but do not touch
the flame.
 4. Place other one hand near the
candle that is not lighted.
5. Observe carefully.

Guide Questions:
1. Compare what you feel when 1. I feel the warm when one
you place each of your hands hand is placed near the flame of
near the two candles. the candle while I feel no
changes in warmness on the
other hand that is near the not
lighted candle.
2. Why is it that you feel the heat
without touching the flame? 2. This is because the heat from
the flame of the candle travels
through its surroundings and
then reaches the hand. That’s
why the hand feels the heat of
the candle without touching the
flame.
3. How is energy transferred to
your hand when you feel the
warmth on the side of the 3. The heat energy is transferred
candle? by radiation in the form of
invisible or electromagnetic
(see attached article) waves.

ANALYSIS
Students are in their groups for
Create a graphic organizer that brainstorming)
describes the conditions necessary for
the various methods of heat transfer to
take place. The organizer should also
address the following questions:
1. How does heat move from a heat
source to another object when it
touched with each other?
 2. Why do some materials transfer
heat faster than others?
3. How does heat travel through
fluid particles?
4. How does heat transfer through
convection differs from
conduction?
5. Why do you feel warm/hot
without touching the heat
source?
6. Why do some materials absorb
radiation better than others?
7. How does heat transfer through
radiation differs from conduction
and convection?

You will be given 10 minutes to create

your graphic organizer. You will be
graded through this criteria.

Organization 10 pts
The organizer is well organized. The
order and structure of information is
compelling and flows smoothly.

Content 10 pts
Thorough and insightful understanding
of content.

Creativity 5 pts
Enthusiastically uses materials and
ideas for enhancement.
Ideas 5 pts
Insightful and well-considered ideas
making multiple connections.

The highest score to achieve is 30

points.

After the allotted time of 10 minutes,

place your group’s work on the board.
Choose one representative to discuss
the output. Each group will be given 3 (Students in their groups making
minutes to present your output. their graphic organizer)

Good luck! (Group representatives present

and discuss their graphic
organizer output)

ABSTRACTION

Terrific! What a very great

presentation. Let’s give everyone
resounding applause.

Anyone in class who can share what

he/she has observed in our activities?
I had observed that heat could
travel in different ways. It could
be through direct contact,
particle movement, and through
electromagnetic waves.

Very Good! What you had just (Students’ responses may vary)
explored and experienced in each
station are the various ways of heat
energy to travel from one place to
another.
(Teacher present and discuss the
prepared graphic organizer)

(see enclosed graphic organizer)

Heat transfer is the movement of heat

from one substance or material to
another. Heat travels in three various
methods – conduction, convection,
and radiation.

Conduction is the transfer of heat

through matter by direct contact. It
occurs mostly in solid but also occurs
in liquids and gases. The heat transfer
occurs due to differences in
temperature and travels from the
warmer region to the colder region.

In the activity you had explored and

experienced in the "Touch Me Hot"
station, you placed the metal and
plastic spoon in the hot water at the
same time. After two minutes, you had
observed that the metal spoon
became warm. This is because, when
the metal spoon was placed in the hot
water, the fast-moving particles of the
hot water strike the particles of the
metal spoon. The particles in the
spoon start to vibrate faster, gain
energy, and then collide with their
neighboring particles. The collision
spreads and transfers the
heat energy from warmer area to
colder area.

This made the heat to travel from the

hot water to the metal spoon.

As you had also observed, even

though the metal and plastic spoon
was placed in the hot water at the
same time, only the metal spoon
became warm. Well, this is because
the metal spoon is a good conductor
of heat while the plastic spoon is a
poor conductor called insulator.

It should be noted that the better the

conductor, the more rapidly heat will
be
transferred. This is because
conductors have freely moving
electrons that can transfer heat energy
quickly and easily. While the insulator
has the opposite reason. That’s why
the metal pans have plastic handle for
insulation so that heat is not allowed to
pass through it, allowing us to hold the
metal pan’s handle while cooking.

Convection is the transfer of heat by

the actual movement of matter within a
substance. Since it involves actual
movement, it only occurs in fluids like
liquid and gas, because fluids can
move readily. The heat transfer occurs
due to differences in density caused
by
the difference in temperature of fluid
particles.

In the activity you had explored and

experienced in the "Warm up, Cool
down" station, you had observed the
way the water starts to boil. At first
seconds, you had observed that there
are water bubbles rising upwards
through the water. As the water
becomes warmer, the water bubbles
went faster and faster. This is because
when the water molecules is heated, it
became less dense, and so it went
upward through the water in the form
of water vapor in bubbles. When the
hotter water molecules went up, the
colder water molecules go down
because it is way denser than the
hotter water molecules. This
movement continues until the water
boils that creates the pattern called the
convection current.

The motion of the water molecules

itself carries heat from one place to
another making the movement
continue thus heating all of the water
molecules.

Radiation is the transfer of heat

through electromagnetic waves
without involving particles. It should be
noted that radiation unlike conduction
and convection, doesn’t necessarily
require a physical medium to transfer
heat.
In the activity you had explored and
experienced in the "I Feel Hot" station,
you had observed that you feel the
heat of the flame of the candle without
touching it. This is because the heat
from the candle gets transferred to our
hands through radiation. Even though
you are not touching the heat source,
the heat travels through waves that
carry heat energy to the space
surrounding it. When waves strike your
hand, the particles in your hand
absorb the energy and it moves faster
and that makes you feel the warm.

The heat energy is absorbed by dark-

colored and dull materials while it is
reflected by shiny light-colored
materials. This is because the
materials either absorb or reflect all of
the wavelengths of light. This is the
reason why solar panels are black to
absorb more energy to transform more
amount of electrical energy.

APPLICATION

Now, in our daily lives, heat transfer

can be observed anywhere. From the
way the sun warms us every day, the
way we cook and store our foods, to
building our homes.
But, I was wondering. What if humanity
was not able to know the concept of
heat transfer? What would be the
possibilities that await us?
 We would not be able to enjoy
our hot milk on a cold morning
because coffee mugs might not
exist today.

(Students’ responses may vary)

Thermos would not be invented

and would not exist today sir! It
would be a huge hassle to boil
water every time we need some.

Absolutely! The concept of heat (Students’ responses may vary)

transfer is really valuable in our daily
living. Without us knowing this
scientific knowledge, humans would
not be able to invent thermos,
refrigerators, cooler, coffee mugs, and
lots of things.
We would not be able to cook
and store our foods easily and
efficiently because we would not
know what materials are best for
cooking like a metal pan with a
plastic handle and for storing
frozen foods like Styrofoam box.

(Students’ responses may vary)

IV. Agreement
Read in advance the next topic about Electricity, its charges, and the
charging process.
(Enclosed material)
Heat Transfer by Conduction

When you place a spoon into a cup of hot coffee, you will notice that the spoon gets
hotter later. Heat is transferred from a hot coffee to a cold spoon. This mode of heat transfer is
conduction. Conduction is the transfer of heat through matter by direct contact of particles.
When energy is transferred to an object, the energy of the particles increases. This
means the particles have more kinetic energy and they start to move and vibrate faster. As the
particles are moving faster they "bump" into other particles and transfer some of their energy to
those neighboring particles. In this way, the energy is transferred through the substance to the
other end.
 Conduction is possible in solids, liquids, and gases. Materials which allow heat to pass
through conduction are called conductors. Solids can conduct heat better and faster than
liquids because the particles in solids are packed closer to each other than in liquids so that
they easily collide with each other to transfer energy faster, thus increasing the kinetic energy
of these particles. Similarly, liquids are better conductor than gases.
Not all solids are conductors. Metals such as aluminum, copper, and silver are good
conductors because they have freely moving electrons that can transfer thermal energy quickly
and easily. Poor conductors are called insulators. Some examples of insulators are clothes,
plastic, and wood.

Good Conductors Fair Conductors Good Insulators

Silver Carbon Fur
Copper Human body Silk
Gold Moist human skin Wool
Aluminum Acid solutions Rubber
Magnesium Salt water Porcelain glass
Nickel Earth Plastic
Mercury Water vapour (in air) Wood
Platinum Paper
Iron Wax

By considering heat conductors and insulators, we can now select which are best for
cooking, food storage, and even in building homes. Most of our cooking utensils are made of
aluminium because aside from being cheap, aluminum is a good conductor. When we go on
picnic, in order that frozen foods are not melted easily, we store them in an insulating container
like Styrofoam box and porcelain glass. Carpenters use also insulators like wood and concrete
in building houses so that during sunny days, we can stay comfortably inside the house.
References:
CK-12 Foundation. (2020). Thermal Conductors and Insulators. Retrieved from https://www.ck12.org/physics /thermal-
conductors-and-insulators/lesson/Thermal-Conductors-and-Insulators-MS-PS/
Siyavula. (n.d.). Heating as a Transfer of Energy. Retrieved from https://intl.siyavula.com/read/science/grade-7/heat-energy-
transfer/13-heat-energy-transfer
Angeles, D. C., et. al. (2013). Science Vistas 7. Salesiana Books by Don Bosco Press. Pp. 232-233
 Heat Transfer by Convection

Convection is the transfer of heat by actual movement of matter within the substance.
Since it involves actual movement, only liquids and gases but not solid can transfer heat by
convection because fluids can move readily or they can flow.
Convection is an efficient method of transferring heat. During a hot day when you turn
on the fan, the moving air cools you down. Hot air rises and is replaced by colder air.
You also observe streams of water coming up from the bottom of the kettle when you
heat water in a stove. Cooler and denser water molecules are at the top part of the kettle.
These cold molecules push the hot water molecules upward. As the hot water molecules rise,
they cool, become denser, and move toward the bottom again, and so on.
It should be noted that, as a gas or liquid is heated, the substance expands. This is
because the particles in liquids and gases gain kinetic energy when they are heated and start
to move faster. They therefore take up more space as the particles move further apart. This
causes the heated liquid or gas to move upwards and the colder liquid or gas moves
downwards. When the warm liquid or gas reaches the top it cools down again and therefore
moves back down again. This movement of liquid or gas, is called a convection current, and
energy is transferred from one area in the liquid or gas to another.

References:
Siyavula. (n.d.). Heating as a Transfer of Energy. Retrieved from https://intl.siyavula.com/read/science
/grade-7/heat-energy-transfer/13-heat-energy-transfer
Angeles, D. C., et. al. (2013). Science Vistas 7. Salesiana Books by Don Bosco Press. Pp. 233-234

Heat Transfer by Radiation

In cooking, aside from conduction and convection, heat is transferred by radiation.

Radiation is the transfer of heat in the form of invisible or electromagnetic waves. For example,
when you are in front of a heated stove, you feel warm even if you do not touch the stove
because of radiation.
Radiant energy is the energy that travels by radiation. Radiant energy from the sun
travels mostly through space to reach the Earth. Those that are absorbed are transformed to
heat energy. The amount of absorption of radiant energy varies for different materials. Dark-
colored and dull materials absorb energy while shiny light-colored materials reflect radiant
energy. This is the reason why solar panels are black to absorb more energy needed to
transform more amount of electrical energy. It must be noted that a good absorber of radiation
is also a good emitter of radiation.

Reference:
Angeles, D. C., et. al. (2013). Science Vistas 7. Salesiana Books by Don Bosco Press. Pp. 234-235
 Graphic Organizer

HEAT TRANSFER

movement of heat from one substance or

material to another; moves in three ways
heat transfer that requires physical medium

heat transfer that

when an object is heated,
the fast-moving particles of
the heat source strike the
particle of the object that’s
in direct contact with it
object’s particles start to
vibrate faster and collide with
their neighboring particles
the collision spreads
and transfers the heat
energy from warmer
area to colder area
the better the conductor,
the more rapidly heat will
be transferred
materials like metals
(i.e. copper) are good
conductors of heat
conduction
transfers heat through
matter by direct contact
occurs in solid, liquid,
and gas
heat transfer occurs due to
difference in temperature
heat travels from warmer
region to colder region
materials like rubber, and
plastic are poor conductors
of heat called insulators.
convection radiation doesn’t require
physical medium
transfers heat by the actual movement transfers heat through
of matter within a substance electromagnetic waves without
involving particles
occurs in liquid
and gas
the hotter the source, the more
it radiates heat
heat transfer occurs due to
difference in density caused by
waves carry heat energy from
difference in temperature
the source to the space
surrounding it.
warm fluid particles go up while
cold fluid particles go down when waves strike a material, the
particles in the material absorb
heat energy and move faster
the fluid particles’ movements
goes over and over again
creating pattern of movement the heat energy is
called convection current
the movement of particles
carries heat itself from one absorbed by dark- reflected by shiny
place to another making the colored and dull light-colored
movement continue thus materials materials

conductors have freely moving electrons that heating all of the particles materials either absorb or
can transfer thermal energy quickly and easily reflect all wavelengths of light.
while insulators have the opposite reason
 PHILIPPINE NORMAL UNIVERSITY
THE NATIONAL CENTER FOR TEACHER
EDUCATION MINDANAO
THE MULTICULTURAL EDUCATION HUB
PROSPERIDAD, AGUSAN DEL SUR

Name: Deejay A. Moreno Year and Section: BSCIEPHY

III Course Instructor: Prof. Rose D. Arquion
Course: Student Understanding and Metacognition

Lesson Plan Suggestions and Comments, and Action Taken

Suggestions and Action Taken Remarks
Comments
Each station should have The three stations, "Touch
at least 2-3 guide Me Hot!," "Warm up, Cool
questions that lead down," and "I Feel Hot!"
students to the analysis stations have three (3)
questions. guide questions each that
are relevant to the task they
had performed. The
questions
are
In the analysis phase, The students are tasked to
present 7-9 questions create a graphic organizer
including the task of that describes the
creating a graphic conditions necessary for
organizer. various methods of heat
transfer to take place. The
graphic organizer should
also answer the seven (7)
analysis questions.
In the abstraction phase, The teacher will present his
the teacher should present graphic organizer to the
his prepared graphic class as a visual aid. The
organizer. teacher will use the graphic
organizer supplemented by
a PowerPoint presentation
in
the discussion of the topic.
The reading materials The reading materials that
should be attached in the will be used in the stations
lesson plan for future are enclosed in the lesson
reference. plan. Sources of information
are cited accordingly.