Lesson Five: Unit 2: Competitions:

Listening: Audio script:

The swimming race in the photo is one part of three races in total. The
competitors swim for 3.86 kilometers (that’s two point four miles), cycle for
180 kilometers and run a marathon at the end. It’s called the Ironman
triathlon and the men swimming in the photo are all competing at the annual
Ironman world championship in Hawaii. Hundreds of people compete but
thousands of spectators also watch the famous contest. They all want to see
someone win the ultimate test of fitness.
Word List:
Compete: (Verb ‫ )ينافس‬to try to be more successful than someone or
something else.
It's difficult for a small shop to compete against/with the big
supermarkets.
-To take part in a race or competition.
• Are you competing in the 100 meters race?
• The two athletes are competing for the gold medal.
Competition: (Noun (thing) (‫ منافسة‬a situation in which someone is
trying to win something or be more successful than someone else.
• The two companies are in competition with each other.
-An organized event in which people try to win a prize by being the best,
fastest, etc.
• A swimming/chess competition.
-Competition is also the activity of a sport in which each of the people or
teams is trying to win, or a particular event at which this activity happens.
• Few of the players on the team were experienced in international
competition.
Competitive: (Adjective 7‫ )تنافسي‬eager to do better than others in an
activity, esp. trying to win in a sports activity.
 A competitive person.
 Competitive sports.
 A highly competitive industry.
Competitor: (Noun (person) ‫ ) منافس‬a person, team, or company that is
competing against others.
 Their prices are better than any of their competitors.
  How many competitors took part in the race?
Marathon: a running race of over 26 miles (42.195 kilometers).
 She ran her first marathon in just under three hours.
Triathlon: a competition in which the people competing must swim, ride
a bicycle, and run particular distances without stopping between
events.
 He has won Hawaii’s Ironman Triathlon four times.
Championship: a high-level competition to decide who is the best
especially in a sport.
• He has been playing championship tennis for three years now.
Spectator: a person who watches an activity, especially a sports event,
without taking part.
Famous = Popular.
Contest: a competition to do better than other people, usually in which
prizes are given.
Competition = Contest.
Ultimate: most extreme or important or the best
Fitness: the condition of being physically strong and healthy.
• I'm trying to improve my fitness by cycling to work.
Cycle: to ride a bicycle.

What is the difference between verbs, a noun and an adjective?

Nouns
A noun is a person, place, or thing.
Some examples of a person are: sister, friend, Alex, Stephanie, you, me, dog
Examples of places are: house, beach, New York, playground, the store
Things (can be physical things or ideas): chair, pencil, thoughts, memories,
and knowledge.

Verbs
Verbs are action words! They are used to describe things that nouns do!
An example of a verb would be “run”. Run is a word to describe someone or
something who is moving faster than a walking speed.
Other examples of verbs include: sing, watch, play, sleep, study, walk, and
think.

Adjectives
Adjectives are describing words. They are used to describe nouns.
An example of an adjective would be “beautiful”. Beautiful is a word to
describe someone or something. For example, the sky is beautiful. Since the
sky is a noun, and beautiful is used to describe it, that makes beautiful an
adjective.
Other examples of adjectives are: blue, dark, warm, happy, good, and fast.

Do / Does / Am / Is / Are?

 When we make questions in the present simple, we use ‘do / does’ for almost
every verb. Do/ does + subject+ infinitive
• I like chocolate. Question: Do you like chocolate? (The main verb is ‘like’.)

• She lives in Madrid. Question: Does she live in Madrid? (The main verb is ‘live’.)

• Do you want to come to the party? (The main verb is ‘want’.) Answer: Yes, I do.

I want to come to the party.

 However, the verb ‘be’ is different. When the main verb is ‘be’, we make a
question by putting the verb at the front and putting the subject after the verb. We
don’t use ‘do / does’.

• I am hungry. Question: Are you hungry? (The main verb is ‘be’.)

• She is at home. Question: Is she at home? (The main verb is ‘be’.)

• They are from Switzerland. Question: Are they from Switzerland? (The main verb is
‘be’.)
Practice: Complete the following with Do, Does, Is and Are?

1. ______________ you cold?

2. ______________ Amanda speak Portuguese?

3. ______________ Julia at home?

4. ______________ you want a biscuit?

5. ______________ he from Italy?

6. ______________ David drink coffee?

7. ______________ you have any money?

8. ______________ it warm outside?

9. ______________ you hungry?

10. ______________ she in the garden?

11. ______________ the cat under the bed?

12. ______________ you like horses?

13. ______________ she want to go to the gym?

14. ______________ John on the train?

15. ______________ they live in Poland?

16. ______________ you worried about the exam?

17. ______________ it rain much in Scotland?

18. ______________ they at the cinema just now?

19. ______________ we need to hurry?

20. ______________ he usually work late?