Unit-5

Sampling distribution
 systematic
sampling
In systematic sampling, the frame is divided into consecutive segments,
a random starting point is selected from the first segment, and then a
sample is taken from the same point in each segment .
stratified random
sample
If a population is divided into homogeneous strata and a simple random
sample is selected
from each stratum, the result is a stratified random sample
cluster
sampling
In cluster sampling, a population is divided into groups called clusters,
and a simple random of clusters is selected. Then, either every unit is
measured in each sampled cluster, or a second-stage random sample is
selected from each sampled cluster.
Cluster sampling methods may seem similar to stratified random sampling.
In stratified sampling, a population is divided into homogeneous strata,
whereas in cluster sampling, clusters are often non homogeneous.

In stratified sampling, all strata are sampled, whereas in cluster sampling a

census is conducted or random samples are taken from randomly selected
clusters.
Point Estimation of
Parameters
A point estimate of a parameter is a number (point on the real line),
which is computed
from a given sample and serves as an approximation of the unknown
exact value of the
parameter of the population. An interval estimate is an interval
(“confidence interval”)
obtained from a sample;