MECHANISM OF SIDE EFFECT/ NURSING

DRUG NAME INDICATION CONTRAINDICATION

ACTION ADVERSE EFFECT RESPONSIBILITIES
DRUG CLASS: Orally: Acts as a laxative Orally to relieve acute  Myocardial damage Body as a Whole: Flushing, BEFORE:
Anticonvulsant by osmotic retention of constipation and to  heart block sweating, extreme thirst, 1. Observe constantly
Gastrointestinal Agent fluid, which distends colon,
evacuate bowel in  cardiac arrest except sedation, confusion, when given IV. Check
Saline Cathartic increases water content of preparation for x-ray of for certain arrhythmias depressed reflexes or no BP and pulse q10–15
Replacement Agent feces, and causes intestines. Parenterally to  IV administration reflexes, muscle weakness, min or more often if
mechanical stimulation of control seizures in toxemia during the 2 h flaccid paralysis, indicated.
GENERIC NAME: bowel activity. of pregnancy, epilepsy, and preceding delivery hypothermia.
magnesium sulfate acute nephritis and for  PO use in patients DURING:
Parenterally: Acts as a prophylaxis and treatment with abdominal pain, CV: Hypotension, 2. Monitor respiratory
BRAND NAME: CNS depressant and also as of hypomagnesemia. nausea, vomiting, depressed cardiac function, rate closely. Report
Epsom salt a depressant of smooth, Topically to reduce edema, fecal impaction, or complete heart block, immediately if rate
skeletal, and cardiac inflammation, and itching. intestinal irritation, circulatory collapse. falls below 12.
AVAILABLE FORM: muscle function. obstruction, or 3. Test patellar reflex
0.8 mEq/mL, 1 mEq/mL, 4 Anticonvulsant properties perforation. Respiratory: Respiratory before each repeated
mEq/mL injection thought to be produced by paralysis. parenteral dose.
CNS depression, Depression or absence
DOSAGES: principally by decreasing Metabolic: of reflexes is a useful
Laxative the amount of Hypermagnesemia, index of early
Adult: PO 10–15 g once/d acetylcholine liberated hypocalcemia, dehydration, magnesium
from motor nerve electrolyte imbalance intoxication.
Preeclampsia, Eclampsia terminals, thus producing including hypocalcemia
Adult: IM/IV 4 g in 250 peripheral neuromuscular with repeated laxative use. AFTER:
mL D5W infused slowly, blockade. 4. Observe newborns of
followed by 4–5 g IM in mothers who received
alternate buttocks q4h parenteral magnesium
Effective parenterally as a sulfate within a few
Hypomagnesemia Seizures CNS depressant, smooth hours of delivery for
Adult: IM/IV Mild, 1 g q6h muscle relaxant and signs of toxicity,
for 4 doses; Severe, 250 anticonvulsant in labor and including respiratory
mg/kg infused over 4 h delivery, and cardiac and neuromuscular
Child: IV 20–100 mg/kg disorders. It is a laxative depression.
q4–6h prn when taken orally. 5. Observe patients
receiving drug for
Total Parenteral Nutrition hypomagnesemia for
Adult: IV 0.5–3 g/d improvement.