Engineering Graphics previous 2 marks board exam questions with answers

Prepared By: Shanas Basheer, Lecturer in Mechanical Engg. GPTC Perumbavoor

1. What is Engineering Graphics or Engineering drawing?

Engineering graphics or engineering drawing is the graphical way used by engineers to
convey ideas of any object clearly and accurately.
2. What is the importance of engineering graphics in technical field?
Engineering drawing displays exact picture of an object, which is a way to communicate
technical information between engineers.
3. Write the uses of set square & protractor?
Set Square: - Used to draw lines at 30°, 45°, 60 ° and 90 ° with horizontal. Combination of
30°-60° and 45°- 45° set squares can be used to draw lines inclined at 15 °, 75°.
Protractor: Used to measure and set angles which cannot be obtained with set squares.
4. Write any four graphic instruments?
Drawing board, Mini drafter, drawing sheet, set squares, Protractor, Drawing pencils, Eraser
etc
5. Name the preferred sizes of drawing sheet and its designation?
Ans: Size in mm (Width x Length) A0: 841 x 1189; A1: 594 x 841; A2: 420 x 594; A3:297 x
420; A4: 210 x 297
6. What is meant by single stroke lettering?
Ans: In single stroke lettering the thickness of letter or numeral is equal to thickness of line
produced by tip of pen or pencil. Single stroke lettering is recommended by BIS for use in
engineering drawing
7. List four important characteristics of lettering?
h= height of capitals
c=height of lower case letters (without tail)
a= spacing between characters
b=minimum spacing between base lines
e=spacing between words
d=Thickness of lines
8. What do you meant by dimensioning on a drawing?
The process of furnishing information like size of object, type of material, surface finish etc on
drawing by means of numerical values, lines, symbols and notes is called dimensioning.
9. Write the elements of dimensioning?
Projection line, Dimension line, Leader line, Termination of dimension line, Origin indication,
Dimensional text
10. Draw any method of dimensioning a square with free hand sketch?
for square
11. What are the shape indication are recommended by BIS in dimensioning?

12. With free hand sketches show any one method of dimensioning circle and radius as per
BIS?

, ,
Dimensioning radius Dimensioning circle
13. Write the name of any four types of lines with their application?
Line Description Use

Continuous thick Visible outlines and edges

Dimension lines, projection lines, leader lines,

Continuous thin
Hatching lines
Dashed thick
Hidden outlines and hidden edges
Dashed thin

Chain thin Centre lines

Chain thin, thick at

end and change of Cutting planes
direction

14. Define conic section?

The sections obtained by cutting a right circular cone at different angles is called conic section
Or
A curve traced by a point moving in such a way that the ratio of its distances from a fixed point
(called focus) and a fixed straight line (called directrix) is always constant
15. Define ellipse, parabola and hyperbola?
16. Define eccentricity of conic section?
𝐷𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑐𝑒 𝑜𝑓 𝑎 𝑝𝑜𝑖𝑛𝑡 𝑓𝑟𝑜𝑚 𝑓𝑜𝑐𝑢𝑠
Eccentricity = 𝐷𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑐𝑒 𝑜𝑓 𝑎 𝑝𝑜𝑖𝑛𝑡 𝑓𝑟𝑜𝑚 𝑑𝑖𝑟𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑥 [Also refer answer above]

17. What is meant by major axis and minor axis of an ellipse?

Major axis: Line which passes through foci and terminated by ellipse.
Minor axis: Line which passes through geometrical centre of ellipse, perpendicular to major
axis and terminated by ellipse.

F1 & F2 = Focus
AB= Major axis
CD = Minor axis

18. Define helix, cycloid and involute?

Involute: The curve traced by the end point of a thread when wound itself from a circle or polygon,
the thread being kept tight
Cycloid is a curve generated by a point on the circumference of circle which rolls without slipping
along a fixed straight line
Helix is a curve traced by a point moving around the surface of a cylinder or cone with uniform
speed along with uniform axial movement
19. What do you meant by visualization of object?
Visualization is the medium through which the details given in the drawing is translated to reader,
resulting in clear understanding of shape of object.Eg.Reading of pictorial views to prepare
orthographic or sectional views.
20. Name the system of projection?

Prespective Oblique projection Orthographiic projection

projection (Parallel projectors (Parallel projectors perpendicular
(Converging inclined to picture to picture plane)
projectors) plane)
Axonometric
Cavalier
1. Isometric
Cabinet 2.Diametric
3.Trimetric
General
Multiview
1.First angle Projection
2.Third angle projection
21. Define plane of projection. What are the planes of projection in multi view projection?
The plane surfaces which are used to project the views of an object in multi view projection are
called principal planes or reference planes. They are horizontal plane, vertical plane and profile
plane.
22. What is meant by profile plane?
The plane which is perpendicular to HP and VP where side view of object is projected
23. Identify and mark four Nos. of quadrant for orthographic projection?

24. Define the term orthographic projection in Engineering drawing?

Ortho means right angle and orthographic means right angled drawing. When the projectors are
parallel to each other and perpendicular to the plane of projection it is known as orthographic
projection.
25. What is the speciality of pictorial drawing from orthographic drawing?
In pictorial drawing the length, breadth and height of an object is shown in one view. In a multi
view orthographic drawing two or more views are necessary to describe an object completely.
26. Define multi view projection?
Multi view projection is an orthographic projection system in which the exact shape of an object
is represented by two or more views (F.V, T.P and S.V)
27. State the difference between first angle projection and third angle projection?
When the object is situated in first quadrant, i.e. in front of VP and above HP, the projection
obtained on these planes is called first angle projection
When the object is situated in third quadrant, i.e. behind VP and below HP, the projection
obtained on these planes is called third angle projection

Symbol for first angle projection Symbol for third angle projection
28. Write different types of scales used in engineering practice?
Plain scale, Diagonal scale, Comparative scale, Vernier scale, Isometric scale, Scale of chords
29. What are the recommended reduction, full and enlarged scales used in engineering
graphics?
Reduction scale:1:2,1:5,1:10,1:20,1:50,1:100,1:200,1:1000,1:2000
Full scale: 1:1
Enlarged scale: 2:1, 5:1, 10:1, 50:1
30. Define plain scale?
A plain scale is used to show two consecutive units such as (a) millimetre and centimetre,
centimetre and decimetre and so on.
31. State representative fraction?
𝐷𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑐𝑒 𝑜𝑛 𝑑𝑟𝑎𝑤𝑖𝑛𝑔
R.F = 𝐷𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑐𝑒 𝑜𝑛 𝑜𝑏𝑗𝑒𝑐𝑡

32. Why do you require sectional view of an object?

To expose inner details of an object more clearly when other views are not sufficient.

33. List four full sectional views of an object?

Full sectional front view, full sectional top view, full sectional right side view, full sectional left
side view.
34. What is the main difference in full section and half section of an object?
If the imaginary cutting plane passes fully through the object, the resulting view is called full
sectional view.
In case of symmetrical objects, the object is cut by two imaginary cutting planes at right angles to
each other so that only quarter portion of the object gets removed, the resulting view is called half
sectional view.
35. What are the types of sectional views used in engineering drawing?
Full sections, half sections, partial sections, revolved sections, removed sections, offset sections
36. What are the different types of oblique projection?
Cavalier Cabinet General Oblique
projection projection projection

Angle between line of projection 45 ° 63 °26 ̍ Other than 45 ° or 63 °26 ̍

and plane of projection is
Residing lines are drawn to true length half of true length other than full or half scale
37. Compare oblique projection and isometric projection?
Oblique projection Isometric projection
A pictorial projection in which front face of A pictorial projection in which object is so
object is kept parallel, but other adjacent placed that all the three axes make equal
face inclined at an angle to plane of angle with the plane of projection
projection

38. What are isometric lines?

Lines parallel to isometric axis AC, AD or AB

39. What is isometric plane?
Planes representing the face of cube [Also refer answer above]
40. What is the need of drawing auxiliary views in engineering drawing or Write the use of
drawing auxiliary view?
To show true shape and size of an inclined surface and the details on it.
41. Write the classification of primary auxiliary views?
Front auxiliary view, Top auxiliary view, Side auxiliary view
42. Write the expansion of CADD
Computer aided design and drafting
43. Compare conventional drawing and CAD (Computer Aided drafting)?
Conventional Drawing. CAD Drawing.
More space , not shared easily Less space, shared easily
Less accurate Highly accurate, fast, quality drawings
Correction of drawing modification, errors Can easily correct drawing modifications,
is difficult errors

44. What are the four coordinate system used in CAD for drawing lines?
Absolute coordinate system, Relative coordinate system, Polar coordinate system, Direct distance
entry option
45. Write four draw commands used in CAD?
Line, circle, arc, ellipse, polygon, hatch, text
46. Name any four options for drawing a line in AUTO CAD?
Absolute, Relative, Polar, Direct distance entry options
47. List any four modifying commands used in AUTOCAD?
 Erase, move, rotate, copy, mirror, break, trim, fillet, chamfer, explode, offset etc
48. List any four options for drawing circle using AutoCAD?
 Centre, Radius option.
 Centre, Diameter option
 2 points option abbreviated as 2P.
 3 points option abbreviated as 3P.
49. Name any four types of facilities for entering commands on AUTO CAD?
 By using keyboard
 By using screen menu
 By using pull down menu
 By using tool bar
 By using curser menu
 By using button menu
50. Write any four commands used in Auto CADD?
Refer answer 42 & 44
51. Write any four CAD softwares for engineering drawing using computer?
Auto CAD, CATIA, PRO E, Solid Edge, Solid Works, Inventor, Fusion 360 etc.
52. Write four application of CAD?
 Schematic diagram of PCs and ICs
 Building drawing, structural design, mapping
 Circuit layout, Panel design
 Automotive Industries
 Communication network
53. What do you meant by development of surface?
The process of opening out all the surfaces of a three dimensional body onto a flat plane is called
development of surfaces.
54. Calculate the sector angle (Φ) of the development of a cone whose slant height is 155 mm
and radius of base circle is 40 mm?
360 𝑋 𝑅
Sector angle (Φ) =
𝐿
360 𝑋 40
= = 92.90 °
155