_ ( ) 1

_ ( )

6-1

1.

(1)

(2)

(3)

2.

(1)

( )

(2) CO NO2 CO2 NO

 _ ( ) 2

3.

NH 3 HCl NH 4 Cl

4.

6-2

1. (activated complex)

( ) CO NO2 CO2 NO

2.

(1)
 _ ( ) 3

(2)

3. (activated energy)

(1) ( Ea )

(2) ( E a )= -

(3) ( E a ' )= –

(4) ( H )= – = Ea - Ea '

4.

(1) ( )

(2)

(3)

(4)

( H)

5.

(1)
 _ ( ) 4

(2)

(3)

6-3

1.

(1) ( C)

反應物消耗量 C
(2) r
時間間隔 t

⽣成物⽣成量 C
r
時間間隔 t

2.

aA bB cC dD
[ A] [ B] [C ] [ D]
rA rB rC rD
t t t t
a mol A b mol B c mol C

d mol D rA : rB : rC : rD a:b:c:d
1 [ A] 1 [ B] 1 [C ] 1 [ D]
r
a t b t c t d t
3.
 _ ( ) 5

(1) mol / t g /t

(2) M /t

(3) M /t atm / t mmHg / t

4.

(1) ( n 0)

N2 3H 2 2 NH 3

(2) ( n 0)

N2 3H 2 2 NH 3

(3)

Fe 3 SCN FeSCN 2 ( ) N 2 O4 2NO2 ( )

(4)

AgNO3( aq ) NaCl ( aq ) AgCl ( s ) NaNO3( aq )

(5) pH pH

CH 3COOH (酸性) C 2 H 5 OH (中性) CH 3COOC 2 H 5 (中性) H 2 O(中性)

(6)

Ba(OH ) 2 (強電解質) H 2 SO4 (強電解質) 2 H 2 O BaSO4 (難溶鹽)

6-4

1.
 _ ( ) 6

2.

(1)

(2)

H OH H 2O

Ag Cl AgCl(s ) (
)
2
Cu 2 4 NH 3( aq ) Cu ( NH 3 ) 4 ( aq )

Cr 2 Fe 3 Cr 3 Fe 2
5Fe 2 MnO4 8H 5Fe 3 Mn 2 4H 2O
P4( s ) 5O2 ( g ) P4 O10( s )
HCl ( g ) NH 3( g ) NH 4 Cl ( s )
CaCO3( s ) 2 HCl ( aq ) CaCl 2( aq ) CO2( g ) H 2 O(l )

1
NO( g ) O2( g ) NO2( g )
2
H 2( g ) F2( g ) 2 HF( g )

(3)
 _ ( ) 7

酯化
CH 3COOH C 2 H 5 OH CH 3COOC 2 H 5 H 2O

CH 4 2O2 CO2 2H 2O ( )
H2 1 O H 2O ( )
2 2

CO 1 O CO2 ( )
2 2

C 6 H 12 O6( s ) 6O2( g ) 6CO2( g ) 6 H 2 O(l ) ( )

H 2( g ) I 2( g ) 2 HI ( g ) ( )

H2 F2 Cl 2 Br2 I2
(4) > > > >

> >

3.

(1)

(2)

(3)

4.

(1)

Zn( s ) 2H ( aq ) Zn 2 ( aq ) H 2( g ) 2 Mg ( s ) O2 ( g ) 2 MgO( s )

(2)
 _ ( ) 8

(3)

(a)
1
n n
n
1 3
EK mv 2 kT
2 2
3kT
v
m
T 升⾼ 粒⼦動能增加
運動速率增加

(b)

5.

(1)

(a) ( )

( )

(b) ( )

(2)

(a) 10 2
t t 2 t1
r
(b) 2 2 10 2 10
r1

(c) 10 50
 _ ( ) 9

6.

(1) ( )

(2)

(3)

(4)

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)
 _ ( ) 10

(e)

(f)

Ni 1000 C 1atm
CO 3H 2 CH 4 H 2O

Cr2O3 ZnO 4000 C 500 atm

CO 2 H 2 CH 3OH

2
(g) 5C 2 O4 2MnO4 16 H 10CO2 2Mn 2 8H 2 O

Mn 2

7.

( )

6-5

1.

(1)

(2)

2. aA bB cC dD

r k[ A]m [ B]n [ A], [ B] m, n

 _ ( ) 11

(1) A m

(2) B n

(3) m n

(4) m, n a, b

3. k
Ea
(1) k A e RT k

(a)

(b) k

(c) k

(d) k

(e) k

(2) k

M
m n r sec
r k[ A] [ B] k k的單位 M1 (m n)
sec 1

[ A] [ B] n
m
M m n

k ( M )

1
0 M sec

1
1 sec

1 1
2 M sec
 _ ( ) 12

m n M1 ( m n)
sec 1

(3)

(a)

1 A
3 t

r [ A]m [ B ]n
[ A]
3
r2 3.34 10 0.34 n 2
4
( )n n 2
r1 8.35 10 0.17 n 1
[B ]
3 m
r3 1.67 10 0.34 2
4
( )m m 1
r1 8.35 10 0.17 m 1
r k[ A][ B]2 m n 1 2 3
k 0.17

(b)
 _ ( ) 13

r k r k[ A] r k[ A] 2

[ A]0 kt 1 1
[ A]0 [ A] k t log kt
[ A] 2.303 [ A] [ A]0

[ A]0 0.693 1
t1 2 t1 2 t1 2
2k k k[ A]0

6-1
_ ( ) 14
_ ( ) 15
_ ( ) 16
 _ ( ) 17

6-3
 _ ( ) 18

6-4
_ ( ) 19
 _ ( ) 20

6-5

×
×
×
 _ ( ) 21

B
t

6-1

1 (D) 2 (B)3 (C) 4 (C) 5 (C) 6 (D) 7 (C) 8 (A) 9 (B)

10 ( AB ) 11 ( ABDE ) 12 ( ABC ) 13 ( BCD )

6-2

1 (C) 2 (C) 3 (D) 4 (C) 5 (C) 6 (D) 7 (A) 8 (C)

9 ( AC ) 10 ( ABD ) 11 ( BC ) 12 ( CDE ) 13 ( BDE )

 _ ( ) 22

6-3

1 (B) 2 (E) 3 (D) 4 (C) 5 (C) 6 (B) 7 (C) 8 (B)

9 ( BCD ) 10 ( ABCD ) 11 ( BCE ) 12 ( ABDE )

6-4

6-5

2
r 0.25
7 2
×
9.0 10 0.1

7
36 10
2
×
0.2
0.5 / 2 1.5 / 2
0.25 / 4 0.75 / 2
N 2O
t
0.08 0.1 0.1 0.08
20 0 2
0.06 0.08 0.08 0.06
40 20 2
 _ ( ) 23
0.18
÷
0.14
N 2O 0.08 0.1
t 20 0

第1次實驗 0.00126 2x
第3次實驗 0.00063 1x