MATHEMATICS 7 / SECOND QUARTER: WEEK 7 MODULE 7

Algebraic Expressions, Equations, and Inequalities

In Mathematics, you might have encountered terms, expressions, and equations very often. As both
combine numbers and/or variables, people often misunderstand an expression from an equation. However, these
two mathematical terms are not the same. A big difference lies in their arrangement. That explains what they
represent. The best way to differentiate algebraic expression from the equation is to go through this module.

This module is divided into three lessons.

 Lesson 1: Differentiating Algebraic Expressions and Equations
 Lesson 2: Differentiating Equations and Inequalities
 Lesson 3: Solving Problems Involving Algebraic Expressions

After going through this module, you are expected to differentiate algebraic expressions, equations, and
inequalities, solve problems involving algebraic expressions (M7AL-IIg-2). Specifically, you will:
1. state the difference between algebraic expression, equations, and inequalities.
2. illustrate algebraic expressions, equations, and inequalities; and
3. solve problems involving algebraic expressions.

What I Know
Directions: Read each item carefully and choose the letter of the correct answer.
Write the answer on your answer sheet.

1. Which of the following represents an equation?

i. 5a ii. 2x +3 iii. 3y = 6
A. i only B. iii only C. i and ii only D. i and iii only
2. Which of the following is a representation of an algebraic expression?
A. 46x = 6 B. 48 = 3a C. 64x2y3 D. 8a – 4 > 5
3. Which one is a mathematical phrase that groups together numbers, variables, and/or operators to show the
value of something?
A. expression B. equation C. inequality D. all of these
4. Which of the following shows the equality between two algebraic expressions?
A. expression B. equation C. inequality D. all of these
5. What is being expressed in the term “equation”?
A. expression B. equality C. inequality D. all of these
6. Which of the following is a representation of an inequality?
A. 46x = 6 B. 48 = 3a C. 64x2y3 D. 8a – 4 > 5
7. Which mathematical sentence indicates that two expressions are not equal.
A. expression B. equation C. inequality D. all of these
8. Alex has c chocolates and d drinks. Milley has five fewer chocolates, but twice as many drinks than Alex. What
algebraic expression represents Milley’s snack?
A. c – 5 + 2d B. c + 5 + 2d C. 2c – 5 – d D. 2c – 5 + d
9. Brad takes h hours and m minutes to complete a typing job. His friend, Sonny, takes twice as long to finish the
same job. Which of the following is the correct algebraic expression for Sonny’s typing job?
A. 2h + m B. 2h + 2m C. h + m D. hm
10. Johnny has r red marbles and b blue marbles. Pete keeps losing his marbles and has half as many red marbles
and 8 less blue marbles than Johnny. Which expression represents Pete’s total marbles?
A. + b – 8 B. - b – 8 C. - b + 8 D. + b + 8

LESSON 1 Differentiating Algebraic Expressions and Equation

An algebraic expression is a collection of symbols such as variables, numerals, and signs of operations
representing a number while an equation is a number sentence that includes the equal (=) symbol.
What’s In
Activity 1: Let’s Recall!
Let’s Find Out: The Polynomials and Its Classification
Let’s Use These Materials: Answer sheet and ballpen

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MATHEMATICS 7 / SECOND QUARTER: WEEK 7 MODULE 7
Algebraic Expressions, Equations, and Inequalities

Let’s Do It This Way:

a. Supply what is needed as indicated on the table.
b. Write the answers on your answer sheet.
Number 1 is done for you.
Classification of Polynomials
Number of Terms
Polynomials According to the Number of Terms
1) 3x + 2y – 3 Trinomial
5
2) m2 - 4m
3) a3+ 4a2b -
6ab2 + b3

4)

What’s New
Activity 2: Where Do I Belong?
Let’s Find Out: The Algebraic Expression and an Equation
Let’s Use These Materials: Answer sheet and ballpen
Let’s Do It This Way:
a. Inside the box are expressions or equations. Copy first the table on your answer sheet then classify the
elements in the box as indicated on the table below.
b. Answer the guide questions. Write the answers in your answer sheet.
The first one is done for you.

2x – 4 5x3 + 3 = 2 4x (x + y)
2y a+b+c=0 x- =5
-4x + 2 = 8 2l + 2w = p - y+7

Algebraic Expressions Equations

2x – 4

Guide Question:
1. Differentiate the entries in the column under algebraic expressions and equations.
What Is It

Algebraic Expression
In Mathematics, an algebraic expression is defined as a phrase that groups together
numbers/constants, letters/variables, or their combination joined by operations to represent the value of something.
Examples of Algebraic Expressions:
● 2x – 4 ● - y+ 7
● 2y
● 4x(x + y)
● (x2 +2)(x – 3)
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 MATHEMATICS 7 / SECOND QUARTER: WEEK 7 MODULE 7
Algebraic Expressions, Equations, and Inequalities

Equation
In Mathematics, the term equation means a statement of equality. It is a sentence in which
two expressions are joined together. To satisfy the equation, it is important to determine the value of
its variable which is known as the solution.
It can be conditional or an identity. If the equation is conditional, then the equality of the two
expressions is true for a definite value of a variable involved. However, if the equation is an identity,
then the equality is true to all values held by the variable.

Examples of Equations:
● 4x + 2 = 8 ● 2l + 2w = p
● a+b+c=0 ● 5x3 + 3 =
● x- =5
To sum it up, the points given below summarize the differences between expression and
equation
Key Differences Between Algebraic Expressions and Equations
Algebraic Expression Equation
● a mathematical phrase that groups
together numbers, variables, operators to ● described as a mathematical statement with two
show the value of something; expressions set equal to each other;
● a phrase that stands for a single .
numerical value; ● a sentence showing equality between two
expressions;
● simplified thru evaluation where we
substitute values in place of the variable; ● can be solved;
● has no relation symbol;
● indicated by an equal sign (=);
● a one-sided there is no separation like left
or right; and ● a two-sided, where an equal sign separates the left
and the right side; and
● the answer is either an expression or a
numerical value. ● the answer could be true or false.

What’s More

Activity 3: Yes You Can!

Let’s Find Out: An Algebraic Expression and an Equation
Let’s Use These Materials: Answer sheet and ballpen
Let’s Do It This Way:
a. Determine whether the given is an algebraic expression or equation, justify your answer.
b. Write the answer on your answer sheet.
Numbers 1 & 2 are done for you.
Given Answer Reason
1. 15 + 5 = 20 Equation The two expressions are connected
with an equal sign.
2. 4 (2) + 1 Algebraic Expression No equal sign.
3. x ÷ 25
4.y + 8 = 40
5. 3x – 5
6. 2x + 3 = 5

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MATHEMATICS 7 / SECOND QUARTER: WEEK 7 MODULE 7
Algebraic Expressions, Equations, and Inequalities

LESSON 2 Differentiating Equation and Inequalities

What’s New
Activity 4: Try Me!
Let’s Find Out: The Equation and Inequality
Let’s Use These Materials: Answer sheet and pen
Let’s Do It This Way:
a. Identify the given mathematical statement in the box whether it is an equation or an inequality.
b. Write the answers on your answer sheet.
Number 1 is done for you.

Table:

Equations Inequalities
1) 3x = 12 1) y<4
2) 2)
3) 3)
4) 4)

What Is It
The table below shows the answer for Activity 2: Try Me!

Equations Inequalities
1) 3x = 12 1) y<4
2) 5x + 3 = 13 2) z ≥ -2
3) 3x – 9 = 6 3) x≤8
4) 9y = 27 4) z > 10

Study more about equations and inequalities.

Equation Checking
1. 3x = 12 3x = 12 Given
= 3(4) = 12 Substitution

is the only 12 = 12 TRUE

x=4
solution Hence,
the equation 3x = 12 is true when x = 4.

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MATHEMATICS 7 / SECOND QUARTER: WEEK 7 MODULE 7
Algebraic Expressions, Equations, and Inequalities

2. 5x + 3 = 13 5x + 3 = 13 Given
5x + 3 – 3 = 13– 3
5(2) + 3 = 13 Substitution
5x = 10
= 10 + 3 = 13 Simplifying

x=2 13 = 13 TRUE

Hence, the equation 5x + 3 = 13 is true when x = 2.

is the only solution
3. 3x – 9 = 6 3x – 9 = 6 Given
3x – 9 + 9 = 6 + 9
3(5) – 9 = 6 Substitution
3x = 15
= 15 – 9 =13 Simplifying
TRUE
6=6
x=5

Hence, the equation 3x-9 = 6 is true when x = 5.

is the only solution

Equation Checking

4. 9y = 27 4. 9y = 27 Given
9(3) = 27 Substitution
=
27 = 27 TRUE

y = 3 is the only
solution Hence, the equation 9y = 27 is true when y = 3.

Inequality Checking
1. y < 4 y<4
When y = 3 by substitution
Possible Answers: {...,-1, 0, 1, 3 < 4 (True)
2, 3} When y = 2 by substitution
2 < 4 (True)
When y = 1 by substitution
Note: 1 < 4 (True)
There are infinitely many {...-1, 0, 1, 2, 3} are possible answers since they make the
values of y that satisfy the Mathematical sentence true.
given Mathematical sentence.
2. x ≤ 8 x≤8
When x = 8 by substitution
8 ≤ 8 (True)
When x = 7 by substitution
7 ≤ 8 (True)
When x = 6 by substitution
Possible Answers: {8, 7, 6,…} 6 ≤ 8 (True)
{8, 7, 6,…} are possible answers since they make the Mathematical
sentence true.

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MATHEMATICS 7 / SECOND QUARTER: WEEK 7 MODULE 7
Algebraic Expressions, Equations, and Inequalities

3. z > 10 z > 10
When x = 11 by substitution
11 > 10 (True)
When x = 12 by substitution
12 > 4 (True)
When x = 13 by substitution
13 > 4 (True)

Possible Answers: {11, 12, {11, 12, 13,…} are possible answers since they make the
13,…} Mathematical sentence true.

Inequality Checking

4. z ≥ -2 z ≥ -2
When z = -2 by substitution
-2 ≥ 4 (True)
When z = -1
-1 ≥ 4 (True)
When z = 0
0 ≥ 4 (True)
When z = 1
1 ≥ 4 (True)

{-2,-1, 0, 1,…} are possible answers since they make the

Possible Answers: {-2,-1, 0, Mathematical sentence true.
1,…}

Remember:
 An equation is a Mathematical sentence indicating that two expressions are equal. It uses the symbol
“=”. It is an equation of the first degree that contains only one solution.
 Inequality is a Mathematical sentence indicating that two expressions are not equal. It uses the
symbols <, >, ≤, ≥ and ≠. Inequality has many solutions.
What’s More
Activity 5: It’s Me!
Let’s Find Out: The Correct Symbol
Let’s Use These Materials: Answer sheet and pen
Let’s Do It This Way:
a. Copy the given on your answer sheets.
b. Write the correct symbol (<, >, or = ) to make each sentence true.
Number 1 is done for you.
1. 5 > -5 4. 5³ 3(5)

2. -3 + 4² 5² - 12 5. 9 + (- 5) 2²

3. 2 (5 + 4) 5(4 + 2) 6. 3(-2) (-2) (-3)

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MATHEMATICS 7 / SECOND QUARTER: WEEK 7 MODULE 7
Algebraic Expressions, Equations, and Inequalities

Lesson 3 Solving Problems involving Algebraic Expressions

Once you know what is going on in the problem, you can write an algebraic expression that represents
the problem. Represent the value that you are looking for with a variable. Use this variable in your algebraic
expression. To get the answer, solve your algebraic expression
What’s New
Activity 6: Solve Me!
Let’s Find Out: Solving Problems Involving Algebraic Expression
Let’s Use These Materials: Answer sheet and ballpen
Let’s Do It This Way:
a. Solve the given problems involving algebraic expressions and answer the guide questions that
follow.
b. Write the answers on your answer sheet.

In a fruit tray, there are a apples and b bananas. In a box, there are 6
apples and 8 bananas. What is the total number of fruits?

Guide Questions:
1. What expression represents apples and bananas in the fruit tray?
What expression represents apples and bananas in the box?
2. Formulate an expression relating to the fruits in the tray and the fruits in the box.
3. Using the expressions, how will you determine the total number of fruits?
4. How did you get the final answer?
What Is It
Study the simple steps:

Steps in Solving Word Problems

Step 1 Read and understand the problem.

Step 2 Represent the unknown with a variable.
Write the expressions/equations needed.
Step 3 Solve for the value of the variable/s.
Step 4 Answer. Does the solution answer the question asked?
Does it make sense?
Step 5 Check.
Check the answer using the original word problem.

Going back to this problem:

1. In a fruit tray, there are a apples and b bananas. In a box, there are
6 apples and 8 bananas. What is the total number of fruits?

Solution:
Step 1: Read and understand the problem.
Be sure to read and understand the problem. If you are doubtful, read it again.
Step 2: Represent the unknown with a variable.
Let a the number of apples
b the number of bananas
a+b a apples and b bananas
6+8 6 apples and 8 bananas

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MATHEMATICS 7 / SECOND QUARTER: WEEK 7 MODULE 7
Algebraic Expressions, Equations, and Inequalities

Step 3: Solve the value of the variables.

Since we are asked to get the total number of pieces of fruits, then we need to combine the fruits in
the fruit tray and the fruits in the box.
a+b number of fruits in the fruit tray
6+8 number of fruits in the box
a+b+6+8 combining the two expressions
a + b + 14 simplifying
Step 4: Answer.
The answer is a + b + 14.
Note: You are asked to get the total number of fruits. So, you just add a apples plus b bananas from
the fruit tray and 6 apples and 8 bananas from the box. So all in all, we have
a + b + 14 final answer
Step 5: Check.
Since, there are 6 apples and 8 bananas 6+8
and the total number of fruits a+b+6+8
Therefore, we got the final answer a + b + 14
Example:
2. If the length of a rectangular vegetable garden is twice a number
increased by 3 and its width is a number decreased by 5, find the
perimeter of the rectangle.

Solution:
Step 1: Read and understand the problem.
Step 2: Represent the unknown with a variable.
Let x the number
2x + 3 the length (twice the number increased by 3)
x-5 the width (the number decreased by 5)
Step 3: Solve the value of variables.
To get the perimeter of a rectangle, we simply add twice the length l and twice the width w.
Thus, 2l + 2w the formula for the perimeter of a
rectangle
Since 2x + 3 the length
x-5 the width,
then 2(2x + 3) + 2(x – 5) the perimeter.
So, we have
4x + 6 + 2x - 10
6x – 4 simplifying
Step 4: Answer.
The final answer is 6x -4.
Note: In solving for the perimeter of a rectangle, simply add twice the length and twice the width. (It is
the same as adding up the measures of all four sides).
Step 5: Check.
The length of the rectangle is 2x + 3 twice a number increased
by 3
The width of the rectangle is x -5 a number decreased by 5
To get the perimeter, simply add twice the length and twice the width.
So, we have 2(2x + 3) + 2(x – 5). Simplifying, we come up with
6x – 4 the perimeter of the rectangle.
What’s More
Activity 7: Yes, You Can!
Let’s Find Out: Solving Word Problems Involving Algebraic Expressions
Let’s Use These Materials: Answer sheet and ballpen
Let’s Do It This Way:
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MATHEMATICS 7 / SECOND QUARTER: WEEK 7 MODULE 7
Algebraic Expressions, Equations, and Inequalities

a. Analyze and solve the problem carefully.

b. Write the answers on your answer sheet.
Problem:
The side of a square is five more than twice a number.
What is its:
a. mathematical expression?
b. area?
c. perimeter
What I Have Learned
Activity 8: Comprehension Check!
Let’s Find Out: Solving Problems Involving Algebraic Expressions
Let’s Use These Materials: Answer sheets and ballpen
Let’s Do It This Way:
a. Fill in the blank with the correct information to complete the sentence.
b. Choose your answer from the word pool.
c. Write the answers on your answer sheets.
Number 1 is done for you.

● expression and equation

● write
● value of the variable
● verbal statements into mathematical phrase
● unknown with a variable
● answer using the original word problem
● understand
A. 1. I know that in solving word problems involving algebraic expressions, I have to
translate verbal statements into mathematical phrases.

2. I know that in translating verbal phrase into a mathematical phrase, I have to

represent the ______________________.
B. To solve word problems involving algebraic expression, we need to follow the
steps: First, I have to read and _____________the problem. Then, represent
the ___________ and write the ___________ needed. Next, solve for the
____________ or solve for the expression. After solving, __________ the
answer. Finally, check the ___________.

WHAT I CAN DO (PERFORMANCE TASK)

Activity 9: Your Turn!
Let’s Find Out: What You Have Learned
Let’s Use these Materials: answer sheet and ballpen
Let’s DO It This Way:
A. Read the item in the box and answer what is required.
B. Write the answers on your answer sheet.

Algebraic Inequalities Equations

Expressions

Describe an algebraic expression, inequalities, and an equation in your own

words. Give 2 examples for each.

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MATHEMATICS 7 / SECOND QUARTER: WEEK 7 MODULE 7
Algebraic Expressions, Equations, and Inequalities

Assessment
Directions: Read the questions carefully and write the best letter of the answers on your answer sheet.
1. Which of the following has an equal (=) sign that separates the left side from the right side?
A. algebraic expression C. inequality
B. equation D. all of these
2. Alex has c chocolates and d drinks. Milley has five fewer chocolates, but twice as many drinks than Alex. What
algebraic expression represents Milley’s snack?
A. c – 5 + 2d C. 2c – 5 - d
B. c + 5 + 2d D. 2c – 5 + d
3. Brad takes h hours and m minutes to complete a typing job. His friend, Sonny, takes twice as long to finish the
same job. Which of the following is the correct algebraic expression for Sonny’s typing job?
A. 2h + m C. h + m
B. 2h + 2m D. hm
4. Johnny has r red marbles and b blue marbles. Pete keeps losing his marbles and has half as many red
marbles and 8 less blue marbles than Johnny. Which expression represents Pete’s total marbles?
A. + b – 8 C. - b + 8
B. - b – 8 D. + b + 8
5. Which of the following is a representation of an inequality?
A. 46x = 6 C. 64x2y3
B. 48 = 3a D. 8a – 4 > 5
6. Which mathematical sentence indicates that two expressions are not equal.
A. algebraic expression C. inequality
B. equation D. all of these
7. Which of the following is an example of an algebraic expression?
A. 5a + 2 > 5 B. - 4c – 3 C. x < -15 D. 45x + 3 = 10
8. Which of the following is a representation of an equation?
2 3
A. 46x + 6 B.48 > 3a C. 64x y D.8a – 4 = 5
9. An equation is described as a mathematical statement with two expressions set as equal to each other.
A. Always true C. Never true
B. Sometimes true D. Cannot be determined
10. Which of the following represents an algebraic expression?
i. 3c ii. 2a + b iii. x + 15 = -6
A. i only C. i and iii only
B. i and ii only D. iii only

Answer Key
6. < c. 4(2x + 5) = 8x + 20
5. = 25
4. > b. (2x+5)2 = 4x2 + 20x +
10. A
3. < a. 2x+5
9. B
2. =
8. C
1. >
7. C Activity 7
Activity 5
6. D Lesson 3: What’s More
More
5. B have to represent the unknown with a variable.
What’s
4. B 2. I know that in translating verbal phrase into a mathematical phrase, I
Lesson 2:
3. A
2. C
1. B have to translate verbal statements into mathematical phrases.
Know 1. I know that in solving word problems involving algebraic expressions, I
What I A.
5. TRUE Activity 8
4.INEQUALITY What I Have Learned
3. TRUE
expression
2. Algebraic
1. TRUE vary.
Note: Students’ answers may 4(2x + 5) = 8x + 20
Activity 6 (2x+5) = 4x + 20x + 25
Activities Activity 9 2 2
A. 2x+5
Additional What I Can Do
What’s More

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MATHEMATICS 7 / SECOND QUARTER: WEEK 7 MODULE 7
Algebraic Expressions, Equations, and Inequalities