11

fY%aKsh

= = =

= × 15 6 = × 2 − 1 = × 42

= 7.5 = 12 2 − 1 = 21
2 = 22
= 11

;s%fldaKfha mßñ;sh = + +
= + +

= × 12 + × 8 + × 10
= 6 + 4 + 5
= 15
e-ganithaya.blogspot.com 1 kmdckarunarathna@gmail.com
 D AB, BC,CD yd DA mdoj, uOH ,laIH ms<f
s j<ska
R P, Q, R, S f,i .ksuq'
C
PQRS p;=ri%fha mßñ;sh
S = + + +
Q = + + +

= +

A P B = 15 + 10
= 25

;s%fldaKfha mßñ;sh = 24 ;s%fldaKfha mßñ;sh

+ + = 24
= + +
8 + 10 + = 24
= + +
18 + = 24
= 6 = × 8 + × 10 + × 6
= 4 + 5 + 3
= 12

A + = 180° ^ñ;% fldaK&

75° + 65° = 180°
P 105° = 115°

= +
40° 65° 115° 65°
= 65° + 40°
B Q C
= 105°
^mdoj, È. fkdi,ld yßkak'&
+ = 180° ^ñ;% fldaK&
+ 105° = 180°
= 75°
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 (i) + = 16 LMRP p;=ri%fha mßñ;sh
2 + 2 = 16 = + + +
+ = 8 = + + +
= 8 +2 +
= = (8 + 3 )

(ii) LMRP ys j¾.M,h = ( + )×

= (3 ) ×

;s%fldaKfha mßñ;sh = + +

= + +

= × + × + ×

= + +

= ( + + )

= × 12
= 3

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 // ^uOH ,laIH m%fïhfhka&
BC tlu wdOdrlh o BC iy PQ tlu iudka;r f¾Ld hq.,h w;r o msysgd we;s neúka
PBC ;s%fldaKfha j'M' = BQC ;s%fldaKfha j'M'

S C R

= +
= 15 + 15
D B = 15 × 2
= 15√2

P A Q
ABCD p;=ri%fha mßñ;sh
= + + +
= + + +

= +
=2 ( = ksid)
= 2 × 15√2
= 30√2
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 A
(i) ABP ;s%fldaKfha AP iy BP mdoj, uOH ,laIH Z iy
x y X ksid uOH ,laIH m%fïhhg wkqj" XZ // BA fõ'
Z ∴ =  ① ^wkqrem fldaK&
x y fï whqßkau APC ;s%fldaKh ie,lSfuka"
P = ②

X Y ① + ② ; + = +
B C =
fï wdldrhgu = njo
= njo fmkaúh yelsh'
(ii) uOH ,laIH m%fïhhg wkqj"
∆ ka; =  ③

∆ ka; =  ④

∆ ka; =  ⑤

③ + ④ + ⑤ ; + + = + +

+ + = ( + + )

∆fha mßñ;sh = × ∆fha mßñ;sh

2× ∆fha mßñ;sh = ∆fha mßñ;sh

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 iy ∆ foflys
= ^o;a;h&
= ^Rcq fldaK&
= ^fmdÿ mdoh&
∴ ∆ ≡ ∆ ^flda' flda' md'&
∴ = ^wx.iu ∆j,j, wkqrEm wx.&
∆ ie,l+ úg
= ^idê;hs&
= ^o;a;h&
∴ uOH ,laIH m%fïhg wkqj //

iy ∆ foflys
= ^o;a;h&
= ^ o;a;h &
= ^fmdÿ mdoh&
∴ ∆ ≡ ∆ ^md' md' md'&
∴ = ^wx.iu ∆j, wkqrEm wx.&
kuq;a + = 180°
∴ = = 90°

;s%fldaKfha PQ ys uOH ,laIHh L o PR ys uOH ,laIHh N o ksid

uOH ,laIH m%fïhg wkqj //
∴ = ^wkqrEm fldaK&
= 90°
∴ ⊥

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 (i) PQR ;s%fldaKfha PQ iy PR mdoj, uOH ,laIH L iy
M ksid uOH ,laIH m%fïhhg wkqj" LM // QR fõ'
∴ = = 90° ^wkq
^wkqrem fldaK&
∴ = 90°

iy ∆ foflys
= ^o;a;h&
= ^idê;hs &
= ^fmdÿ mdoh&
∴ ∆ ≡ ∆ ^md' flda' md'&

s%ks¾udKh: QR ys uOH ,laIHh K f,i ,l=Kq lr MK

(ii)
hd lrkak'
s%by; (i) fldgfia idOkh l< whqßkau ∆ ≡ ∆
nj fmkaúh yelsh'
túg ∆ j'M' = ∆ j'M'  ①

K s% RcqfldaKdi%hla o QM úl¾Kfhka tys j¾.M,h

iuÉfþokh jk ksido
∆ j'M' = ×
∆ j'M' = ∆ j'M'  ②
;jo ∆ ≡ ∆ ksid
( )
j'M' = ×
∆ j'M' = ∆ j'M'  ③
( )
= × ①, ② yd ③ wkqj

=
( )
× ∆ j'M' = ∆ j'M' = ∆ j'M' = ∆ j'M'

= ×
∴ j'M' = ∆ j'M'

= × ×

= × ∆ j'M'

^by; j¾.M,hka fol fn§u

u.ska o ms<s;=r ,nd .; yelsh'&

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 AQR ;s%fldaKfha AQ iy AR mdoj, uOH ,laIH P iy S ksid uOH ,laIH m%fïhhg
wkqj"
=  ①

ABC ;s%fldaKfha AB iy AC mdoj, uOH ,laIH Q iy R ksid uOH ,laIH m%fïhhg

wkqj"
=  ②

② , ① g wdfoaYfhka = ×

4 =

D R C ABCD p;=ri%fha AB, BC, CD, DA mdoj,

uOH ,laIH ms<f
s j<ska P, Q, R, S hehs .ksuq'
S Q

A P B

ADC ;%sfldaKfha DS = SA o DR = RC o fõ'

tuksid" uOH ,laIH m%fïhhg wkqj
= iy //  ①

fï whqßkau ABC ;%sfldaKh ie,lSfuka"

= iy //  ②

① yd ② wkqj; = iy // fõ'
∴ iudka;rdi%hls' ^iïuqL mdo hq.,hla iudk yd iudka;r ksid&

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 D R C uOH ,laIH m%fïhhg wkqj
=
S Q =

=
A P B
=

RcqfldaKdi%hl úl¾K È.ska iudk ksid = fõ'

∴ = = = fõ'
∴ frdïnihls'

D R C
by; (ii) fldgfia idOkh l< wdldrhgu
E frdïnihla nj fmkaúh yelsh'
iup;=ri%hl úl¾K tlsfklg ,ïn ksid = 90°
S O Q
iudka;rdi%hla o iudka;rdi%h iïuqL fldaK
F iudkjk ksid o = 90° fõ'
∴ iup;=ri%hls'
A P B

D R C
E

S O Q

F by; (i) fldgfia idOkh l< wdldrhgu

A P B iudka;rdi%hla nj fmkaúh yelsh'

frdïnihl úl¾K tlsfklg ,ïn ksid = 90°

iudka;rdi%hla o iudka;rdi%h iïuqL fldaK
iudkjk ksid o = 90° fõ'
∴ RcqfldaKdi%hls'

e-ganithaya.blogspot.com 9 kmdckarunarathna@gmail.com
 = o LM // YZ o ksid = o XY // QR o ksid =
suOH ,laIH m%fïhfha suOH ,laIH m%fïhfha ∴ BC // DE
úf,dauhg wkqj úf,dauhg wkqj
= o BC // DE o ksid
= =
su
uOH
OH ,laIH m%fïh
ïhfha
3 = 5 = úf,dauhg wkqj
= 3 = 5 =
= 3

(i) ys uOH ,laIHh P o CB // PQ o ksid uOH ,laIH m%fïhfha úf,dauhg wkqj

=

∴ =
= × 15
= 7.5

(ii) AC iy AB mdoj, uOH ,laIH P iy Q ksid uOH ,laIH m%fïhhg wkqj"

=
= × 12
= 6

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 5
7

5 7

6 6

ys uOH ,laIHh L o LM // BC o ksid uOH ,laIH m%fïhfha úf,dauhg wkqj

=
∴ = 7

AC iy AB mdoj, uOH ,laIH L iy M ksid uOH ,laIH m%fïhhg wkqj"

= ∴ = 6

BNML iudka;rdi%hla ksid tys mßñ;sh= 2( + )

= 2(5 + 6)
= 22

(i) = + (ii) ∆ fha ys uOH ,laIHh M o MK // BA o ksid

uOH ,laIH m%fïhfha úf,dauhg wkqj = fõ'
10 = 8 +
= 10 − 8 ∴ uOH ,laIH m%fïhhg wkqj" =  ①

= 36 fï whqßkau ∆ ie,lSfuka" =  ②
= 6 ①+②; + = +

= ( + ) ③

;%mSishfï j'M' = ( + )×

= ×
= 10 × 8
= 80

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 iumdo ;s%fldaKhla ksid = 10

5 5 ys uOH ,laIHh X o XY // BC o ksid uOH ,laIH

5 m%fïhfha úf,dauhg wkqj = fõ'
∴ = 5
5 5
B iy AC mdoj, uOH ,laIH X iy Y ksid uOH ,laIH
AB
m%fïhhg wkqj"
10
= ∴ = 5

mßñ;sh = + + +
= 10 + 5 + 5 + 5
= 25

10 10 ys uOH ,laIHh P o QP // CB o ksid uOH ,laIH

10 10
10 m%fïhfha úf,dauhg wkqj = fõ'
10 10 ys uOH ,laIHh Q o QR // CD o ksid uOH
,laIH m%fïhfha úf,dauhg wkqj = fõ'
20 20
ABC ∆h
h ie,lSfuka uOH ,laIH m%fïhhg wkqj"
= ∴ = 10

ADC ∆h
h ie,lSfuka uOH ,laIH m%fïhhg wkqj"
= ∴ = 10
fldgfia
fldgfia mßñ;sh = + + + + +
= 10 + 10 + 10 + 20 + 20 + 10
= 80
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 s%ks¾udKh: QP g iudka;rj L isg PR mdoh K ys§
yuqjk fia LK f¾Ldj w|skak'
20 ys uOH ,laIHh L o QP // LK o ksid uOH ,laIH
K
m%fïhfha úf,dauhg wkqj = fõ'

PQR ∆h
h ie,lSfuka uOH ,laIH m%fïhhg wkqj"
= ∴ = 10

PLK ∆h ie,lSfuka ys uOH ,laIHh N o NM // LK

o ksid uOH ,laIH m%fïhfha úf,dauhg wkqj
= fõ'
PLK ∆h
h ie,lSfuka uOH ,laIH m%fïhhg wkqj"

= × 10
= 5

s%ks¾udKh: DB hd lr th PQ f¾Ldj fþokh lrk

,laIHh E f,i kï lrkak'
E ABD ∆ h ie,lSfuka ys uOH ,laIHh P o
PE // AB o ksid uOH ,laIH m%fïhfha
úf,dauhg wkqj = fõ'
BCD ∆ h ie,lSfuka ys uOH ,laIHh E o
EQ // DC o ksid uOH ,laIH m%fïhfha
úf,dauhg wkqj = fõ'
e-ganithaya.blogspot.com 13 kmdckarunarathna@gmail.com
 ABD ∆h
h ie,lSfuka uOH ,laIH m%fïhhg wkqj"

=  ①

E BCD ∆h
h ie,lSfuka uOH ,laIH m%fïhhg wkqj"

=  ②

①+②; + = +

= ( + )

A
ADC RcqfldaKS ;sf
% ldaKhla ksid mhs;.ria m%fïhfhka
3
F = +
y
E = −
3
3y G
√ = −( )
2y 3

= −
B D C

2 2 = =
√
÷ 2
ADG ∆h ie,lSfuka ys uOH ,laIHh E
o EF // DG o ksid uOH ,laIH m%fïhfha = =
√

úf,dauhg wkqj = ① √ √
= =
BCF ∆h ie,lSfuka ys uOH ,laIHh D
o BF // DG o ksid uOH ,laIH m%fïhfha
BCF ∆h
h ie,lSfuka uOH ,laIHh m%fïhg
úf,dauhg wkqj = ②
wkqj =
①yd② wkqj" = =
2 =
∴ = = =
=4
ADG ∆h ie,lSfuka uOH ,laIHh m%fïhg
wkqj =

=2

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 A (i) p;=ri%fha mßñ;sh = + + +

3 √
= +2 + +
F
y
√
E 3
= + +3
3y G
√
2y 3

B D C

2 2
(ii) p;=ri%fha mßñ;sh = + + +
= +2 + +4

= + +6

= +6

(iii) p;=ri%fha mßñ;sh = + + +

= +2 + +

= + + +2

= + + +2

= +2

(i) PQR ∆h ie,lSfuka ys uOH ,laIHh T ①, ② g wdfoaYfhka

o TU // QR o ksid uOH ,laIH m%fïhfha
úf,dauhg wkqj = = ×

∴ =  ① =
PTU ∆h ie,lSfuka ys uOH ,laIHh S
o SV // TU o ksid uOH ,laIH m%fïhfha
úf,dauhg wkqj =
∴ =  ②

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 PQR ∆h ie,lSfuka uOH ,laIH m%fïhg wkqj
=  ③

PTU ∆h ie,lSfuka uOH ,laIH m%fïhg wkqj

=  ④

③, ④ g wdfoaYfhka

= ×

: = 1: 4

ABC ;%sfldaKfha BP = PC o PQ//AC o fõ'

tuksid" uOH ,laIH m%fïhfha úf,dauhg wkqj
BQ = QA
ABP ;%sfldaKfha BQ = QA o QR//BP o fõ'
tuksid" uOH ,laIH m%fïhfha úf,dauhg wkqj
AR = RP

ABC ;%sfldaKfha AQ = QB o QS//BC o fõ'

tuksid" uOH ,laIH m%fïhfha úf,dauhg wkqj
AS = SC
ABC ;%sfldaKfha AS = SC o BP = PC o fõ'
tuksid" uOH ,laIH m%fïhhg wkqj
PS//BA
q tkï PS//BQ

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 (i) SP ys uOH ,laIHh X o RQ ys uOH
,laIHh Y o PQRS iudka;rdi%hla ksid
= jk ksid = fõ'
;jo SP // RQ ^ PQRS iudka;rdi%hla ksid &
tkï SX // YQ
= o SX // o ksid
XQYS iudka;rdi%hla fõ'

(ii) XQYS iudka;rdi%hla ksid SY // fõ'

PSM ;%sfldaKfha SX = XP o XL// SM o fõ'
tuksid" uOH ,laIH m%fïhfha úf,dauhg wkqj
PL = LM  ①
LQR ;%sfldaKfha QY = YR o MY// LQ o fõ'
tuksid" uOH ,laIH m%fïhfha úf,dauhg wkqj
LM = MR  ②
①yd② wkqj" = =
∴ =

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 D N C
s%ks¾udKh: DB úl¾Kh we| th AC úl¾Kh
L fþokh lrk ,laIHh O f,i kï
O lrkak'
M
DBC ;%sfldaKfha DN = NC o CM = MB o fõ'
tuksid" uOH ,laIH m%fïhhg wkqj
A B NM // DB

DOC ;%sfldaKfha DN = NC o NL // DO o fõ'

tuksid" uOH ,laIH m%fïhfha úf,dauhg wkqj
OL = LC
∴ LC = OC  ①

iudka;rdi%hl úl¾K tlsfkl iuÉfþokh

jk ksid
AO = OC
∴ OC = AC  ②

②, ① g wdfoaYfhka
LC = × AC

LC = AC

(i) QOR ;%sfldaKfha QL = LR o LN // RO o fõ'

tuksid" uOH ,laIH m%fïhfha úf,dauhg wkqj
QN = NO

(ii) iy ∆ foflys
= ^o;a;h&
= ^m%;suqL fldaK&
= ^taldka;r fldaK&
∴ ∆ ≡ ∆ ^flda' flda' md'&

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 (iii) p;=ri%fha = ^ ∆ ≡ ∆ksid&
= ^o;a;h&
∴ iy NO úl¾K M ys§ tlsfkl iuÉfþokh fõ'
∴ iudka;rdi%hls'

(iv) NM = MO ^wx.iu ;s%fldaKj, wkqrEm wx.&

∴ MO = NO  ①

QN = NO ^idê;hs&
∴ NO = QO  ②

②, ① g wdfoaYfhka
MO = × QO

MO = QO

S R
(i) PO = OR ^iudka;rdi%hl úl¾K tlsfkl
iuÉfþokh jk ksid&
O PL = LQ ^o;a;h&
Y
T ∴ PQR ∆ ie,lSfuka uOH ,laIH m%fïh
ïhg wkqj
LO // QR fõ' ∴ LT // QY
P L Q
PQY ;%sfldaKfha PL = LQ o LT // QY o fõ'
tuksid" uOH ,laIH m%fïhfha úf,dauhg wkqj
PT = TY
(ii) p;=ri%fha = ^ idê;hs&
= ^o;a;h&
∴ iy OL úl¾K T ys§ tlsfkl iuÉfþokh fõ'
∴ iudka;rdi%hls'

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 (iii)
S R
= ksid =

O ∴ = 2  ①
Y
T PQR ;%sfldaKfha PL = LQ o PO = OR o fõ'
tuksid" uOH ,laIH m%fïhhg wkqj
P L Q =  ②

①, ② g wdfoaYfhka
2 =
4 =

P
(i) PQM ;%sfldaKfha PY = YQ o YL // QM o fõ'
tuksid" uOH ,laIH m%fïhfha úf,dauhg wkqj
PL = LM
Y 2x X
L (ii) PMR ;%sfldaKfha PL = LM o PX = XR o fõ'
tuksid" uOH ,laIH m%fïhhg wkqj
x MR // LX
Q N R ∴ MR // QX
x
(iii) p;=ri%fha QL // MR (MR // QX ksid)
M LR // QM ^o;a;fhka&
∴ iudka;rdi%hls'
(iv) iudka;rdi%fha úl¾K N ys§
iuÉfþokh jk ksid LN = NM
PL = LM ^ idê;hs& =

2 =
=
3
=
2
=
3 =

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