Q1. What are the different types of Communication?

 Communication, to put it in simple words is transfer of knowledge. People employ

various ways to communicate such that they convey an idea or emotion to someone.
Mankind has come a long way in terms of progress, simply because we have developed
some of most complex mode of communication which exist. The type of communication
chosen greatly depends on what a person wants to convey. The choice of mode of
communication and the style with which one communicates also in turn affects the
communication.
There are 3 types of communication:
1.Verbal Communication: When we convey an idea using our speech, it is termed as
verbal communication. It could be in person, on a voice call or a video call. It can be
informal or Formal depending on the occasion. Irrespective of the type, the caliber and
complexity of the words and the arrangement of the same determines the effectiveness
of the communication. A simple change of tone can also alter the meaning of a spoken
sentence dramatically. It is a very powerful tool of communication if delivered properly
can even influence large gatherings.
2.Written Communication: The main goal of written communication is to decimate
information in a clear and concise manner. Therefore, the art of writing and writing skills
often form crucial aspects in a written communication. The objective is to eliminate
confusion. An essential thing to keep in mind with regards to written communication is
that it lives on. It does not get destroyed as soon as it is delivered. So one needs to
ensure that any form of written communication is well constructed and conveys
something which you actually want to be associated with.
3.Non-Verbal Communication: on Verbal communication involves use of posture, eye
contact hand movements and facial expressions, touch etc. Your nonverbal
communications can convey a lot and one should be aware of them especially in a
formal setting. It is also important to pay attention to the nonverbal signals sent by the
person you are engaging in a conversation with.
Q2. Discuss the various barriers to communication
There exist many hurdles in the process of communication. Parties involved in the
process of communication need to ensure that these barriers do not come in way of
effective communication
These are:
Physical barriers: Environmental factors like sounds coming from fireworks, construction
activities, handloom industries can disrupt the process of communication especially
verbal as it causes problems hearing what a person wants to say/communicate.
Authorities need to ensure that physical barriers don not affect the efficiency of
communication in their organization.
Semantic/Language barriers: Due to diversity that we observe in languages, Language
can become a huge barrier especially in a country like India. Apart from this the
semantics or jargons used by the communicator render the message ineffective for the
receiver.
Physiological barriers: The limitations of human body and mind can cause obstruction in
the process of communication. Some people who have problems with hearing or
speech can find it hard to communicate their ideas. Mental disabilities like dyslexia can
also be a major hurdle in the process of communication.
Attitude barriers: If the listener is not in the mood to discuss anything due to his own
emotions or personal differences with the speaker, the communication won’t be
effective despite all the efforts put in by sender.
Cultural Barriers: What is considered appropriate in one culture may not be so in other.
Individuals need to be aware not to stereotype or offend the person the person they are
communicating with.
Status barriers: It can become a hurdle to communicate within levels in an organization
where hierarchy is followed strictly. Authorities may be unwilling to listen to the ideas
conveyed by their subordinate and this can create obstacles in the communication
process.
Resistance to change: People with orthodox views may reject the ideas of a younger
bunch of people as they have a traditional mindsets which are difficult to alter by
younger people who usually bring out fresh perspectives.This barrier has the potential
to hinder the progess of an organization when Higher experienced management aren’t
willing consider the contributions by newer ,younger employees.
Lack of mutual trust: Communication might breakdown if either party does not show
trust or has a record of not fulfilling the agreed upon terms especially during
negotiations. Lack of trustworthiness plays a huge share for this form of barrier to take
place.
Time shortage, communication overheads, assumptions: A critical idea may get
overlooked in events of urgency. High level decisions made but not communicated to
the team can cause unnecessary delays and confusion. Possible misinterpretation due
to assumptions can cause results which are drastically different from what was
expected.

Q3. Write a short note on Grapevine communication

 Grapevine Communication
It is a form of Informal mode of communication. Organizations can benefit from
Grapevine communication operational in internal and external channels. As there are no
rules to it organizations can be a bit hesitant but the real benefit of it lies in the fact that
it helps to boost team bonding.
Characteristics of grapevine communication: -
It Spreads quickly in less time mostly in horizontal fashion.
It can help in spread of Positive as well as Negative bits of information.
As mentioned earlier, it is governed by interpersonal relationships, and there aren’t any
rules.
Positives – Creation of social groups that enhance efficiency and cohesiveness in
organizations It can act as checking mechanism for management to see how robust
employee morale is. It is a faster mode of communication than other formal modes of
communication.
Negatives – The main drawback of grapevine communication is that it can spread
rumors, untruth and/or half-truths. It can also result in spread of gossip instead of
significant facts and information and also has the potential of hurting reputations. Lastly,
it can lead to increase in divide between organizational hierarchies.
Q4. Discuss the Indian economic budget 2021 in your own words
Recently the budget was announced by the Finance Minister, it was the first digital
union budget and it was observed again that government is willing to forgo and not get
disturbed by the fiscal deficit figures. It is based on the following 6 pillars: health and
well-being, inclusive development for hopeful India, boosting physical and financial
capital and infrastructure ,reinvigorating human capital, innovation and R&D.
The central Idea was 'Minimum Government, Maximum Governance'.
Government is firm with its idea to boost employment and business generation. The
idea of Atmanirbhar Bharat was again highlighted by the budget. A Substantial amount
was again pumped into the economy.
Looking at the Backdrop of Covid Pandemic it is pretty evident that this budget truly
focuses on improving the Health Infrastructure and encouraging missions to promote
health and proper nutrition. Government wants to build up the immunity of India by not
looking at Health as a one dimensional aspect rather it is focused on looking at Health
holistically, that is veiwing health as a function of various factors :
Environmental ,Nutritional, Infrastructural, Sanitational etc
PM AatmaNirbhar Swasth Bharat Yojana – a new centrally sponsored scheme is going
to be launched, in addition to National Health Mission (NHM).
Mission Poshan 2.0 is going to be launched to improve nutritional outcomes across
more than hundred aspirational districts.
Voluntary vehicle scrapping policy to phase out old and unfit vehicles.
Jal Jeevan Mission (Urban) is going to be launched in order to bring safe water to nearly
3 crore households through a proper tap connection.