PAIN MEDICATION: PHARMACOLOGY

SALICYLATES – ASPIRIN
November 02, 2020
Transcribers: Celada, Kyrriel J.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________

SOMATIC PHARMACOKINETICS
⎯ Can be superficial (skin, ⎯ Routes: Oral
muscles) or deep (joints, ⎯ Absorption/Distribution: Small
tendons, bones) Intestine
⎯ Nociceptors are involved ⎯ Metabolism: Liver
⎯ Often well localized ⎯ Excretion: Kidneys, breastmilk
⎯ Usually described as throbbing
PHARMACODYNAMICS
or arching
⎯ Inhibits the synthesis of
prostaglandin. Prostaglandin is
VISCERAL a chemical mediator that
sensitizes nerve cells to pain
⎯ Involves hollow organ and
and inflammation.
smooth muscle nociceptors
that are sensitive to stretching,
hypoxia and inflammation
DRUG INTERACTIONS
⎯ Pain is usually referred, poorly
localized, vague and diffuse • Oral anticoagulants
⎯ May be associated with • Heparin
automatic symptoms (e.g., • Methotrexate
pallor, sweating, nausea, blood • Oral antidiabetic agents and
pressure and heart rate insulin
changes) • Corticosteroids
____________________________________ • Alkalinizing drugs
• Antacids
SALICYLATES-ASPIRIN • ACE inhibitors
PHARMACOTHERAPEUTICS • Beta blockers
• NSAIDs
⎯ Pain
⎯ Fever
⎯ Rheumatoid arthritis ADVERSE REACTIONS
⎯ Osteoarthritis
Page 1|2
 PAIN MEDICATION: PHARMACOLOGY
SALICYLATES – ASPIRIN
November 02, 2020
Transcribers: Celada, Kyrriel J.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________

⎯ Gastric distress ⎯ Stop aspirin 5 to 7 days before

⎯ Nausea elective surgery as ordered.
⎯ Vomiting
⎯ Bleeding tendencies
⎯ Hearing loss
⎯ Diarrhea
⎯ Thirst
⎯ Tinnitus
⎯ Confusion
⎯ Dizziness
⎯ Impaired vision
⎯ Hyperventilation
⎯ Reye’s syndrome

IMPLEMENTATION
⎯ Give aspirin with food, milk,
antacids, or a large glass of
water to reduce GI reactions.
⎯ If the patient has trouble
swallowing the drug, crush
tablets or mix them with food
or fluid. Don’t crush enteric-
coated aspirin.
⎯ Withhold the dose and notify
the prescriber if bleeding,
salicylism (salicylate poisoning,
characterized by tinnitus or
hearing loss), or adverse GI
reactions occur.

Page 2|2