10

Science
Quarter 4 - Week 5-6
Balancing Chemical Equations
Science – Grade 10
Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 4 –Week 5-6:Balancing Chemical Equations
First Edition, 2021

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Published by the Department of Education

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E-mail Address: guihulngan.city@deped.gov.ph

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 10

Science
Quarter 4 – Week 5-6
Balancing Chemical Equations

ii
Introductory Message
For the Facilitator:

Welcome to the Alternative Delivery Mode of Teaching through the use of this
module. This module is crafted for your ease and benefit in this time of crisis. As a
facilitator of this module, you are to provide quality learning of the Most Essential
Learning Competencies in Science 4 to all of your learners. You are to orient them
and support their parents, elder siblings or guardians on how to use this module.
Remember to provide technical assistance to your learners and their
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give purposeful feedback from time to time and once the learners accomplish the
module.

For the Learner:

Welcome to the Alternative Delivery Mode of Learning through the use of this
module! This module is especially designed for you, to provide you with the quality,
accessible, relevant and liberating education as mandated by the Department of
Education. This is meant to help you in your studies while you are staying at home.
Although we are in this trying times, the Department looks at your overall welfare
and safety, at the same time continuously delivers its educational services.

This module has different icons and elements which you need to understand
before using this learning material.
Icon and Element Description

What I Need to Know This part contains the learning objectives you
need to learn in this module.

This is a test which will check on what you

already know about the lesson. If you get 100%
What I Know
correct in this test, you may skip this lesson and
proceed to the next one.
This part connects the present lesson with the
What’s In previous lesson by going over concepts that
you have learned in the past.

What’s New Under this section, the new lesson is introduced

through a story, a poem, song or an activity.

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 This section gives you a short discussion to
What is It help you discover and understand the new
concept.

This consists of the guided and independent

What’s More activities that will enrich your knowledge and
develop your skills on the new concept.

This part contains a question, fill in the blank

What I Have Learned sentence/paragraph to process what you have
learned from the lesson.
Under this section, you will find an engaging
activity that shall transfer the skills/knowledge
What I can do
you have gained or learned into real-life
situations.

This evaluates your level of mastery in

Assessment
achieving the learning objectives.

This contains an activity that can strengthen the

Additional Activities
knowledge/skill you have learned/developed.

It contains the correct answers to all activities in

Answer Key this module.

A few reminders upon using this module:

1. Use this module with utmost care. Do not write anything on this module. Use
a separate sheet of paper in answering all the activities.
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next activities inside this module.
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If you have any question or difficulty with these tasks at home, please ask for
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Enjoy learning using this module. I know you can do it!

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 What I Need to Know
This module was designed and written for you to utilize while staying at home.
It is to help you apply the concept of Law of Conservation of Mass in balancing
chemical equations. The scope of this module permits it to be used in many different
learning situations. The language used recognizes the diverse vocabulary level of
students. The lessons are arranged to follow the standard sequence of the course.
But the order in which you read them can be changed to correspond with the
textbook you are now using.

At the end of this module,you should be able to exhibit understanding on the

following:
 Lesson I – Balancing chemical equations

LEARNING COMPETENCY:

Apply the principles of conservation of mass to chemical reactions.(S10MT-IVe-g-

23)

OBJECTIVES:
Knowledge:Identify the steps in balancing chemical equations.
Skills: Apply the concept of Law of Conservation of Mass in balancing chemical
equations.
Attitude: Recognize that the number of atoms of each element is conserved in a
chemical reaction as atoms in the reactants only rearrange themselves to form the
products.

What I Know

Direction: A. Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the chosen letter on a
separate sheet of paper.
1.How is a chemical equation is balanced?
a. changing subscripts b. adding coefficients
c.erasing elements as necessary d. adding elements as necessary

2. What are the products in the equation below?

Zn + CuSO4 -----> ZnSO4 + Cu
a. Zn and Cu b. Zn and CuSO4
c. ZnSO4 and Cu d. Zn only

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 3.During a chemical reaction,
a.atoms are destroyed b. atoms are rearranged
c. elements are destroyed d. new elements are destroyed

4. Which of the following is the correct balanced reaction?

a. 2 C3H8 + 10O2 → 6CO2 + 8H2O b. C3H8 + O2 → CO2 + H2O
c. C3H8 + O2 → 3CO2 + 2H2O d. C3H8 + 5O2 → 3CO2 + 4H2O

5.When the equation,Fe + Cl2 -----► FeCl3,is balanced,what is the coefficient for
Cl2?
a. 1 b. 2 c. 3 d. 4

6.Chemical equations must be balanced to satisfy the ___________.

a.law of definite proportions c. law of conservation
b.law of multiple proportions d. principle of Avogadro

7.In every balanced chemical equation,each side of the equation has the same
number of
________.
a.atoms b. molecules c. coefficients d.subscripts

8.When the following equation is balanced,what is the coefficient for HCl ?

Mg(s) + HCl (aq) -----►MgCl2(aq) + H2(g)
a. 6 b. 3 c. 1 d. 2

9 – 10. Balance the following chemical equations.

9. CaCO3 = HCI ---> CaCI2 + H2CO3

10. AgNO3 = Zn ---> Zn (NO3)2 + Ag

11 -15 Write true if the statement is correct and false if incorrect, and change
the bolded word/s to make the statement correct.

11. Generally, the higher the concentration of the reacting substances, the
faster is the reaction.
12. At lower temperature, chemical reactions occur at slower rates.

13.The bigger the surface area of the reactants, the faster the rate of
reaction.

14. Catalysts increase the rate of reaction by providing a reaction pathway

with a higher activation energy.

15.The minimum energy required to start a reaction is called bond energy.

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 Lesson
BALANCING CHEMICAL EQUATIONS
1
Law of Conservation of Mass states that mass is conserved in a chemical
reaction. The total mass of the reactants is equal to the mass of the products.No new
atoms are created or destroyed,there was only grouping or regrouping (
rearrangement) of atoms.

What’s In
Let’s checked your understanding of the difference between subscript and
coefficient using data from previous activities.
N2 + 3 H2 -----► 2 NH3

For the product 2 NH3

1. What number represents the coefficient?
2. What number represents the subscript ?
3. What element is represented by the letter “H” ?
4. How many atoms of H do you have?

What’s New
Activity 1 Balancing Act
Objectives:
• Recognize that the number of atoms of each element is conserved in a
chemical reaction as atoms in the reactants only rearrange themselves
to form the products
• Apply the concept of Law of Conservation of Mass in balancing
chemical equations
Material:
Table 1 Types of Chemical Reactions

Reaction Chemical Equation Type of Chemical

Reaction
1
2

4
 3
4
5
Procedure:
1. Analyze the informations that can be gathered in the chemical equation
2 H2 + O2 --------► 2 H2O

2 molecules of H2 + 1 molecule of O2 → 2 molecules of H2O

2 moles of H2 + 1 mole of O2 → 2 moles of H2O
4 atoms of H + 2 atoms of O → 4 atoms of H and 2 atoms of O

Note that the coefficient (number) placed before the formulas indicate
the number of molecules or moles.
Determining the correct coefficients balances the number of atoms
in the reactant and in the product side, allowing it to follow the Law of
Conservation of Mass.

2. Bring out your data on Table 1 Types of Chemical Reactions, balance the
chemical equations guided by the steps in balancing equations below this
table.
Table 1 Balanced Chemical Equaions
Reaction Chemical Equation Type of Chemical
Reaction
1
2
3
4
5

What is It
Chemical reactions follow the Law of Conservation of Mass,which states
that mass is conserved in a chemical reaction.Chemical equations should reflect this
conservation in terms of atoms.The same number of atoms of each element must
appear on both sides of a chemical equation.However,simply writing down the
chemical formulas of reactants and products does not always result in equal number
of atoms.There is a need to balance equation to make the number of atoms equal to
each side.

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Steps in Balancing Equations:
1. Write the unbalanced chemical equation, make sure you have followed
correctly the rules in writing formulas of compounds.
Example: Al + CuCl2 ----► ALCl3 + Cu

2. Take note of the elements present in the reactant and product side.
* Reactants : Al , Cu , Cl
Products : Al , Cu , Cl
3. Count the number of atom/s of each element present in the reactant
and product side.
* Reactants * Products
Al = 1 atom Al = 1 atom
Cu = 1 atom Cu = 1 atom
Cl = 2 atoms Cl = 3 atoms
4.Apply the Law of Conservation of Mass to get the same number of atoms of every
element on each side of the equation.

Balance chemical equations by placing the appropriate coefficients before the symbol or
formula.

Do not change the subscripts of the formula in an attempt to balance the equation as it
will change the identity of the components.

 Al and Cu appear to be balanced already,so proceed to balancing Cl

 Cl to be balanced,we should consider finding their LCM (least common multiple)
the and LCM of 2 and 3 is 6
3 x 2 Cl atoms (LCM 6) 2 X 3 Cl atoms

 Supply the numbers 2 and 3 as coefficients in the equation

Al + 3CuCl2 ----► 2AlCl3 + Cu

Check the number of atoms again
Reactants Products
Al = 1 Al = 2
Cu =3 Cu = 1
Cl = 6 Cl = 6
 Note that after balancing Cl, Al, and Cu were no longer balanced
 Proceed to balancing Al and Cu using the same step:
For Al : 1 and 2,LCM IS 2
2 X 1 Al atoms (LCM 2) 1 X 2 Al atoms

For Cu : 3 and 1 LCM is 3

1 x 3 Cu atoms (LCM 3) 3 X 1 Cu atoms
 Supply the coefficients now to the equation, coefficient 1 is no longer written
2Al + 3CuCl2 -------► 2AlCl3 + 3Cu
 Final accounting of number of atoms

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 Reactants Products
Al = 2 Al = 2
Cu =3 Cu =3
Cl = 6 Cl =6
 The chemical equation is now balanced ,therefore it now conforms to the Law of
Conservation of Mass.

What’s More
Balance the following chemical equations, making sure to apply the principle
of the Law of Conservation of Mass.

1. Zn + HCl ZnCl2 + H2
2. CH4 + O2 CO2 + H2O
3. Fe + NaBr FeBr3 + Na
4. SiCl4 + H2O SiO2 + HCl
5. N2 + O2 + H2O HNO3

What I Have Learned

KEY CONCEPTS:
• For a chemical equation to conform to the Law of Conservation of
Mass, it has to be balanced.

• Chemical equations are balanced by placing the appropriate

coefficients before the symbols or formulas of reactants and
products.

• Certain steps are observed in balancing reactions.

What I Can Do

A burning vehicle and a puppy are undergoing a similar kind of chemical

reaction. What reaction could this be?
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 Assessment
Direction: A. Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the chosen letter on a separate
sheet of paper.
1.How is a chemical equation is balanced?
a. changing subscripts b. adding coefficients
c.erasing elements as necessary d. adding elements as necessary

2. What are the products in the equation below?

Zn + CuSO4 -----> ZnSO4 + Cu
a. Zn and Cu b. Zn and CuSO4
c. ZnSO4 and Cu d. Zn only

3.During a chemical reaction,

a.atoms are destroyed b. atoms are rearranged
c. elements are destroyed d. new elements are destroyed

4. Which of the following is the correct balanced reaction?

a. 2 C3H8 + 10O2 → 6CO2 + 8H2O b. C3H8 + O2 → CO2 + H2O
c. C3H8 + O2 → 3CO2 + 2H2O d. C3H8 + 5O2 → 3CO2 + 4H2O

5.When the equation,Fe + Cl2 -----► FeCl3,is balanced,what is the coefficient for Cl2?
a. 1 b. 2 c. 3 d. 4

6.Chemical equations must be balanced to satisfy the ___________.

a.law of definite proportions c. law of conservation
b.law of multiple proportions d. principle of Avogadro

7.In every balanced chemical equation,each side of the equation has the same number of
________.
a.atoms b. molecules c. coefficients d.subscripts

8.When the following equation is balanced,what is the coefficient for HCl ?

Mg(s) + HCl (aq) -----►MgCl2(aq) + H2(g)
a. 6 b. 3 c. 1 d. 2
9 – 10. Balance the following chemical equations.

9. CaCO3 = HCI ---> CaCI2 + H2CO3

10. AgNO3 = Zn ---> Zn (NO3)2 + Ag

B. 11 -15 Write true if the statement is correct and false if incorrect, and change
the bolded word/s to make the statement correct.
11. Generally, the higher the concentration of the reacting substances, the
faster is the reaction.
12. At lower temperature, chemical reactions occur at slower rates.
13.The bigger the surface area of the reactants, the faster the rate of
reaction.
14. Catalysts increase the rate of reaction by providing a reaction pathway
with a higher activation energy.

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 15.The minimum energy required to start a reaction is called bond energy.

Additional Activities

Balance the following chemical equations, making sure to apply the principle
of the Law of Conservation of Mass.

1. P4 + O2 P2O5
2. NaNO3 NaNO2 + O2
3. C3H8 + O2 CO2 + H2O
4. Fe + H2O H2 + Fe3O4
5. Al + O2 Al2O3

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 Answer Key

What I Know ASSESSMENT

1.a
2.d
3.c
4.c
5.c
6.c
7.a
8.d
9.CaCO3 + 2 HCl ---►CaCl2 + H2CO3
10.2AgNO3 + Zn ----►Zn (NO3)2 + 2 Ag
11. true
12. true
13. true
14. false (lower activation energy)
15. false ( activation energy)

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References

Books:
Herma D. Acosta.Science 10 Learner’s Material:Department of Education.
Exploring Life Through Science Series.Phoenix Publishing House Inc.

Internet:
https://www.carousel.ph>phoenix grade 10/Textbooks/arousell Philippines
https://www.njctl.org

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 Para sa mga katanungan o puna, sumulat o tumawag sa:
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Telephone No.: (035) 410-4069/ (035) 410-4066
E-mail Address: guihulngan.city@deped.gov.ph