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 Introduction

Climate change would almost certainly affect food security on a global, regional, and

local level. Climate change has the potential to threaten food supply, access, and quality.

Reduced agricultural productivity may result from predicted temperature rises, changes in

precipitation patterns, changes in extreme weather events, and reductions in water availability,

for example. Food distribution may be disrupted by an increase in the frequency and intensity of

severe weather events, and food price fluctuations resulting from extreme events are likely to

become more common in the future. Temperature rises can lead to food spoilage and

contamination.   

Climate change's impacts on agriculture and food production are likely to be close to

those seen in the US. Other stressors, such as population growth, may, on the other hand, amplify

the impacts of climate change on food security. Adaptation choices in developing countries, such

as agricultural management or ranching methods, or irrigation improvements, are more limited

than in the United States and other developed nations.

Any disruption in food distribution and transportation caused by climate change, whether

on a global or domestic scale, could significantly affect food safety and quality and food access.

The food transportation system in the United States, for example, often transports vast amounts

of grain by water. There are few, if any, alternative transportation options in a severe weather

event involving a waterway. The Mississippi River watershed, a central transcontinental shipping

path for Midwestern agriculture, was severely impacted by high temperatures and a lack of rain

in 2012, resulting in one of the nation's worst summer droughts. Due to reduced barge traffic, the

number of goods transported, and the number of Americans employed by the tugboat industry,
the drought resulted in significant food and economic losses. The drought in 2012 was quickly

accompanied by flooding in the Mississippi River in the spring of 2013, which disrupted barge

traffic and food transport. Changes in transportation like these make it more difficult for farmers

to export their grains to foreign markets, affecting global food prices. The United States is

concerned about the global food supply because food shortages can lead to humanitarian crises

and national security issues. They can also boost domestic food production.

Relationship between atmospheric weather patterns and food security in the developing

world.

Agriculture and food production is threatened by climate change.

Warmer temperatures, lack of water, severe events such as droughts and floods, and

the co2 levels in the atmosphere have already begun to affect staple crops worldwide. Due

to extreme weather events, plant diseases, and an overall increase in water scarcity, maize,

and wheat production has decreased in recent years. According to the UN food and

agriculture organization, climate variability is responsible for at least 80% of the variability

in cereal crop yields in semi-arid regions of the world.

Food access is limited as a result of climate change.

If climate change impacts food production, it stands to reason that it would affect food

access. This basic supply-and-demand equation has far-reaching consequences: Climate change

and weather disasters (such as floods or drought) can cause food prices to skyrocket. The poorest

households (urban poor and rural food-buyers) are the most vulnerable to price increases, with

the inadequate urban spending up to 75% of their overall income on food alone.
 Since our food systems are becoming increasingly intertwined, more frequent and intense

events in one area could disrupt clusters of food systems, if not the entire global food system.

However, the least able places to respond to a sudden incident or shock appear to be

disproportionately affected.

Nutrition and nutritional value are decreasing as a result of climate change.

The next issue in many food-insecure areas is nutrition. Food consumption patterns in

low-income and agrarian societies are seasonal. Families may reduce their food intake (often

missing one or two meals a day) before the next harvest due to a pre-harvest "lean season." Since

climate change is decreasing yields, the lean period can be prolonged if resources are scarce or it

takes longer to get a good harvest.

Food waste is increasing as a result of climate change.

Rain isn't always a guarantee of good crops. Increased rainfall or flooding can cause toxic

mold to grow on crops. Crops cultivated in high-drought areas and stored in humid environments

are susceptible to fungal infections and pests. The more climate change occurs, and extreme

weather events become more frequent, the more food we lose each year.

The distinction between global warming and climate change.

The word "global warming" refers to the planet's long-term warming. Since the early

twentieth century and significantly since the late 1970s, global temperatures have steadily risen.

Compared to the mid-20th-century mean, the average surface temperature has been increased

around 1 °C (about 2 °F) globally since 1880. (Of 1951-1980). This comes on top of an

additional 0.15 degree Celsius of warming between 1750 and 1880.

Climate change refers to a broader spectrum of modifications occurring on our planet

than just global warming. Sea levels are increasing, mountain glaciers are declining, ice melt in
Greenland, Antarctica, and the Arctic is escalating, and flower/plant blooming times are shifting.

Both of these are effects of global warming, which is mainly caused by people consuming fossil

fuels and emitting heat-trapping gases into the atmosphere. While the words "global warming"

and "climate change" are often used interchangeably, they refer to two distinct phenomena.

I give credit to Mastorini, Lindsey Dahlman projections to the discussion on the topic

regarding climate change in the coming years because Regardless of whatever carbon dioxide

emission route the planet takes, simulations predict that global surface temperature will be more

than 0.5°C (0.9°F) warmer by 2020 than the 1986-2005 average. Regardless of overall pollution,

this temperature similarity is a short-term anomaly that represents the massive inertia of the

Earth's vast oceans. Because of the high heat capacity of water, the increased heat trapped by

greenhouse gases does not immediately affect ocean temperature. However, by 2030, the

warming imbalance caused by greenhouse gases starts to overwhelm the oceans' thermal inertia,

and expected temperature pathways begin to diverge, with unregulated carbon dioxide emissions

potentially contributing to many more global warming degrees century.

Climate change in developing countries

Climate change has the most significant effects on developing nations, and they are also

the least likely to cope with its implications. Multiple factors contribute to their vulnerability,

limiting their ability to prevent and react to the effects of climate change. Climate change has the

potential to reverse these countries' significant development gains. Developing countries face

challenges such as inadequate or complete lack of food. This may be caused by a draught of

floods in extreme climatic changes. Doe to the ranging poverty, these countries may not be able

to provide for their citizens; thus, these may lead to cause malnutrition and even death in extreme

conditions. Climate change puts agricultural farmers in developing countries at risk of food
shortages. They have little resources, no policy support, and few organizations to assist them in

adapting to change. Climate justice necessitates action to assist those producers who are most

affected by climate change but have made a minor contribution to it. According to the authors,

climate-smart agriculture will help developing countries improve their food security and

accelerate their economic development. They say that agricultural policy is inextricably linked to

rural financial support in many countries. The priorities of climate-smart agriculture must be

incorporated into this larger policy framework.

Conclusion

In conclusion, this study explains how climate change will affect food security globally.

The difference between global warming and climate change also describes how developing

countries can be affected by climate change. Climate change's predicted consequences could

seriously jeopardize agriculture's ability to feed the planet. To prepare the agricultural sectors for

the prospect of rapidly changing environmental conditions, immediate action is required.

Agriculture is partially to blame for the build-up of greenhouse gases in the environment,

contributing to climate change. 

To increase and safeguard food security in the long run, resource quality must be

improved. Climate-smart agriculture is a complex solution that directs the necessary

improvements toward addressing climate change's challenges. It lays out universally applicable

principles for controlling agriculture for food security in the face of changing climates. The

system can also be used to channel new funding to meet research organizations' investment

needs.