NOMINAL: names or labels

EXAMPLES: 'cat', 'dog', 'frog' ANALYSIS

mode
TRANSFORMATIONS OPERATIONS
entropy
Replace one value for contingency
compare for equality
another value. Example: correlation
equal
all 'cat' variables become X2 test
evitatilauQ

not equal
'animal' variables. frequency
distribution

ORDINAL: labels that imply an order

PLUS
EXAMPLES: 'first', 'second', 'third'
ALL THE
TRANSFORMATIONS OPERATIONS ONES ABOVE

compare values median

Replace one value for percentile
another value. New equal
not equal rank correlation
values must preserve run tests
the order of the old values. <
> sign tests

INTERVAL: numeric values with no true 0

PLUS
EXAMPLES: temperature in Celsius, time, IQ
ALL THE
TRANSFORMATIONS OPERATIONS ONES ABOVE
Any linear transformation. equal mean
Y= aX+ b not equal standard deviation
evitatitnauQ

Pearson's
Y is the new value <
correlation
X is the old value >
t test
a and b are constants +
F test
a cannot be 0 -

RATIO: numeric values with a true 0

EXAMPLES: counts of objects, speed, prices PLUS
TRANSFORMATIONS OPERATIONS ALL THE
equal ONES ABOVE
Any multiplicative transformation.
not equal
Y= aX
<
Y is the new value geometric mean
>
X is the old value + harmonic mean
a is a constant - percent
a cannot be 0 * variation
/